Idaux-Mendy
|
Idaux-Mendy Idauze-Mendi |
||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Montagne Basque | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 11 ′ N , 0 ° 55 ′ W | |
| height | 152–331 m | |
| surface | 9.67 km 2 | |
| Residents | 270 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 28 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64130 | |
| INSEE code | 64268 | |
_%C3%A9cole.JPG) Idaux-Mendy Town Hall and School |
||
Idaux-Mendy is a French commune of 270 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: canton of Mauléon-Licharre ).
The name in the Basque language is Idauze-Mendi . The inhabitants are called Idauztar or Mendiar accordingly .
geography
Idaux-Mendy is about 40 km west of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Soule in the French part of the Basque Country .
Idaux-Mendy is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Ordiarp | Gotein-Libarrenx | |
.svg)
|
||
| Aussurucq | Ossas-Suhare | Menditte |
Idaux-Mendy lies in the catchment area of the Adour River and lies on the left bank of the Saison , a tributary of the Gave d'Oloron .
Three tributaries of the season, the Uhalteberri Erreka, the Ruisseau Apouhoura and the Arangoreneko Erreka, also flow through the municipality.
history
The findings of a hatchet from flint and a rampart on the territory of the municipality are prehistoric evidence of the habitation of the region of people already in the Iron Age .
The two villages were first mentioned in the scriptures in 1454 and at that time they were dependent on the Ordiarp priory hostel, which was intended to receive and care for pilgrims on the Camino de Santiago to Santiago de Compostela .
On June 27, 1842, the municipalities of Idaux and Mendy merged to form today's municipality of Idaux-Mendy.
Toponyms and mentions of Idaux were:
- Udaus (1327, 1337),
- Sent-Pee d'Udaus and Ydauze (1454 and 1479, documents from Bayonne ),
- Ydauze (1479),
- Hidaus (1482, notaries from Larreule ),
- Idaux (1750, map by Cassini ),
- Idauns and Ideaux (1775, administration of Pau ) and
- Idaux (1793, Notice Communale).
Toponyms and mentions of Mendy were:
- Mendi (1327, 1337),
- Sent-Marthii de Mendi (1454 and 1479, documents from Bayonne ),
- Mendy (1690),
- Mendi (1750, map by Cassini) and
- Mendy (1793, Notice Communale).
Population development
After a peak in population of over 474 after the unification of the two former municipalities of Idaux and Mendy, the number fell by almost half to around 250 with short growth phases by the 1930s. By the 1950s there was an increase to over 300 inhabitants, before the population fell again and stabilized at a level of around 260 inhabitants.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 266 | 229 | 237 | 227 | 242 | 262 | 260 | 260 | 270 |
Attractions
Parish Church of Idaux
_%C3%A9glise_trinitaire.jpg)
It is dedicated to the apostle Simon Peter and built in the 18th century in the neo-Gothic style, which distinguishes it from other, more massive churches of the Soule. However, the clocher trinitaire is characteristic of the region . The bell gable has three pointed roofs as a symbol of the Trinity , the middle one slightly higher than the other two. If crosses are placed on the pointed roofs, as in the case of this church, they are also called clochers calvaires , because the shape is reminiscent of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ on Mount Golgotha . The smooth main front of the church is pierced by an opening to accommodate the bells and is covered with a roof made of black slate , as is very common in the region.
In the front door of the church, a Basque cross or Lauburu is carved out of the wood as a bas-relief in the middle of a diamond . It is decorated with several rays emanating from its center, which emphasizes its solar symbolism. Lintels over the front door of houses, decorated with inscriptions and other motifs, are an identifying feature of the Basque Country. They allow you to customize the house with ornaments and information about the construction or the occupation of the owner. In addition to private houses, these ornate lintels can also be found in communal and sacred buildings, as in the case of the Idaux parish church. The decoration on the inside of the entrance is designed in two parts, a small one with a now barely legible coat of arms directly on the door frame and a larger one on a separate stone above the frame. This shows several motifs, including a bust of a person in the middle , simple, childlike, with a big hat and a big smile. It is an example of the naive art that is often expressed in rural communities in the Basque Country.
A gallery made entirely of wood with a decorated parapet is completely aligned with the architectural style of the church. In keeping with the neo-Gothic style, the nave is crossed by an arcade that also divides the gallery. As is common in all churches in the Basque Country, places on the gallery are traditionally reserved for men during mass .
An altarpiece is a vertical structure made of wood or marble that is placed behind the altar . The 18th century altarpiece in the parish church of Idaux is registered as a national treasure and is an example of the spread of baroque art in the Basque Country during this period. He also shows Spanish influences with the use of gold leaf , the pillars and decorative flower garlands.
Mendy Parish Church
_%C3%89glise_trinitaire.JPG)
It is dedicated to Martin von Tours , probably built in the 16th or 17th century and therefore older than the parish church in Idaux. The building shows the massive architecture typical of the Soule with a clocher trinitaire . In this church the pointed roofs are also crowned with crosses, so that it is a clocher calvaire , but have the same height in this church. A canopy covered with black slate is in front of the bell gable, which is also a very typical structural element in the Soule. The roof of the long building has a roof pitch of around 50 ° in order to prevent snow from piling up on the roof in winter and damaging the roof due to its weight.
The main altar and tabernacle of the church date from the 18th century and are registered as national treasures. The tabernacle, which showcases the baroque art style, is a double-height joinery made of painted and gilded wood with rich ornamentation. The parish church of Mendy has a side altar dedicated to Mary , the mother of Jesus . It is adorned with a tabernacle around a statue of the Virgin Mary carved out of the wood. It shows Mary upright, both arms outstretched to bless. The body of the tabernacle serves as a base. It is flanked by two side wings and decorated with two cherub heads and a sun.
The main painting of the church dates from the 18th century and shows the patron saint of the church as Bishop of Tours blessing the faithful. Its frame is made of gilded and carved wood. The relatively well-preserved oil painting is registered as a national cultural asset.
Idaux farmhouse
Each historical region of the Basque Country has its own distinctive architecture. The houses of the Soule bordering on the Béarn are characterized above all by their slate-covered roofs and their high pitch, which allows the snow, which often occurs in winter, to be cleared quickly. In contrast to houses in the other two Basque regions, houses in Soule, like this farm, do not have a balcony or half-timbering on the facades. For this purpose, the bricks at the corners of the building are designed to form corner bonds, which convey the stability of the building. The farm has preserved its large entrance gate through time, as well as a holy water font from 1786 inside.
Watermills
The municipality of Idaux-Mendy preserves three watermills along the Ruisseau Apouhoura that crosses its territory. Because of the many flowing waters in the Soule, water mills were built here in the past. They belonged to aristocratic families or professional millers who ground the grain for the residents of the communities. The millers usually had a bad reputation and were often accused of withholding more of the farmers' crops than they were entitled to for their services. The Xoro Mill served as a flour mill and had its heyday during the 19th century before the Industrial Revolution made it obsolete and abandoned. The Etchaz mill, on the other hand, has been completely renovated and converted into a residential building.
Economy and Infrastructure
_Paysage_avec_moutons.JPG)
Agriculture has traditionally been one of the municipality's most important economic factors. Handicrafts and a small industry, especially in the form of a company for processing fish and seafood, as well as tourism, put the economy on a broader basis.
Idaux-Mendy is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".
total = 35
sport and freetime
Between 2002 and 2008 the Euskal Herria Zuzenean Basque music festival was held on a field near Mendy.
education
The municipality has a public preschool and elementary school with 47 pupils in the 2016/2017 school year.
traffic
Idaux-Mendy is crossed by Route départementale 147.
Web links
- Idaux-Mendy on the website of the former association of municipalities
- Idaux-Mendy on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
- Information on the “Kintoa” ham on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lieux - toponymie: Idauze-Mendi (Arbaila Handia (-a)) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Idaux-Mendy ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d Idaux-Mendy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ A b Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . S. 201. 2006. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 81, 112, 1863. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Idaux-Mendy ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Notice Communale Mendy ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune d'Idaux-Mendy (64268) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Idaux-Mendy (64268) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Pierre d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Clocher trinitaire de l'église Saint-Pierre d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Croix basque sur la porte de l'église Saint-Pierre d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Linteau sculpté de l'église Saint-Pierre d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Arcades et tribune de l'Eglise Saint-Pierre d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Retable de l'église d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Martin de Mendy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Clocher trinitaire de l'église Saint-Martin de Mendy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Maître-autel de l'église de Mendy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Tabernacle de l'autel de la Vierge ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Tableau: saint Martin bénissant ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Ferme d'Idaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Moulin de Xoro ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Moulin Etchaz ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Idaux-Mendy (64268) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
