L'Hôpital-d'Orion
| L'Hôpital-d'Orion | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 26 ′ N , 0 ° 51 ′ W | |
| height | 71-207 m | |
| surface | 8.47 km 2 | |
| Residents | 138 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 16 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64270 | |
| INSEE code | 64263 | |
_%C3%A9glise_et_statue_p%C3%A8lerin.JPG) Parish church of Sainte-Madeleine and statue of a pilgrim |
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L'Hôpital-d'Orion is a French municipality with 138 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the canton of Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel (until 2015: Canton Sauveterre-de-Béarn ).
geography
L'Hôpital-d'Orion is about 40 kilometers northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Salles-Mongiscard | Lanneplaà | |
| Salies-de-Bearn |
.svg)
|
Ozenx-Montestrucq |
| Orion |
L'Hôpital-d'Orion is located in the catchment area of the Adour River .
The Saleys , a tributary of the Gave d'Oloron , flows through the municipality together with its tributaries
- Arriou de Laspecès and its tributary Arriou de Bugnein,
- Arriou de Bernata,
- Ruisseau de Laborde,
- Arriou de Mondran and
- Ruisseau de Beigmau.
The Ruisseau des Moulins, also called Arriou de Cassou, is a tributary of the Laâ and rises on the territory of the municipality.
history
The name of the community has its origins in a pilgrims' hostel , because L'Hôpital-d'Orion is located on one of the four historical " routes of the pilgrims in France " to Santiago de Compostela . The Commandery , which was important at that time and which was certainly dependent on the Order of Malta , was founded in 1114 by Gaston IV , known as the Crusader , Viscount of Béarn.
In the 1385 census of the Béarn, 27 households were counted around the church and it was noted that the village belongs to the Bailliage of Sauveterre . Subsequently, the parish was divided into three districts: les Sept Bordes , l'Hôpital and la Commande de l'Hôpital , the first falling under the Bailliage of Navarrenx , the other two to the Bailliage of Larbeig, an archdeaconate of the diocese of Lescar . In 1544 the jurisdiction changed again. les Sept Bordes from then on belonged to the Bailliage of Sauveterre, the other two of Montestrucq .
According to the chronicler Jean Froissart , Gaston Fébus , Viscount of Béarn, died in L'Hôpital-d'Orion in 1391 after a hunting expedition. Some historians believe that he was delighted at the death of his archenemy Jean III. , Count of Armagnac and Rodez , was infested. Gaston Fébus refreshed himself with cold water and died. He is buried in Orthez .
Toponyms and mentions of L'Hôpital-d'Orion were:
- espitau d'Orion (1255, fors de Béarn ( manuscript from the 14th century)),
- l'espitau d'Aurion (1334, notaries of Navarrenx),
- l'hopital d'Érion (Jean Froissart),
- la Commande de Aurion (1537, manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
- Sainte-Marie-Magdaleine de l'Hospital d'Orion (1620, publications by the Diocese of Oloron ),
- l'Hopital-d'Orion (1750, map by Cassini ),
- L'Hopital (1793, Notice Communale),
- L'Hôpital (1801, Bulletin des lois ) and
- Hôpital-d'Orion (1863, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées).
Population development
After the peak of the population of over 600 in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell to around 120 during short recovery phases by the 1990s. A particularly striking loss of 30% was recorded between 1911 and 1921 alone. At the turn of the millennium, a certain stabilization began at a level of around 150 inhabitants.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 175 | 160 | 132 | 132 | 127 | 143 | 164 | 159 | 138 |
Attractions
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Parish church
Dedicated to Maria Magdalena , it is the only remaining building of the Commandery, founded in 1114. The rather simple church was built at the end of the 12th century from sandstone from the region in Romanesque style. The floor plan shows the shape of a Greek cross with the transept the same length as the main nave of the nave . Similar construction methods can be found in the churches in Sauvelade and L'Hôpital-Saint-Blaise . In the 13th century, Gothic style elements such. B. add a vault, which has now been replaced by wood paneling . The church was badly damaged during the Huguenot Wars and completely restored in the 20th century.
The three-sided apse has two wreath chapels , one of which has been converted into a sacristy . The corners of the wall of the apse are decorated with small columns that rest on buttresses . Below the roof of the apse there is a row of ornate corbels with radial, star-shaped and geometric motifs, some of which are still visible today, but some of which have been damaged by environmental influences. The corbels support a cornice made of chiseled cylinders.
An entrance porch is in front of the west facade, from which a bell gable with wall openings for the two bells rises.
The pillars inside the church are richly decorated. They consist of several identical columns, which are crowned by capitals with leaf ornamentation. Beveled combat attachments on simple abacuses form the upper end. This construction is a modification of the Corinthian order in the Middle Ages .
A grave slab from 1857, the surface of which has been polished over time by the trespassing of the faithful, is in the floor of the church. As an ornament it bears an engraved Latin cross , the name of the deceased, the date of death and an invitation to prayer: "Priez pour lui" ( German pray for him ). For the salvation of the deceased's soul, there is traditionally the desire to be buried as close as possible to the church, but only a few privileged persons are entitled to a grave in the church.
The altar and altarpiece in the choir of the church are created in the neo-Gothic style and, despite their decorations, appear sober due to the color of their natural wood. They are coordinated with one another because they show the same ornaments: diamond-shaped panels, ogival arcades and decorative stripes made of quadrilateral . The altarpiece has a shelf for candle holders, has a curved head and a tabernacle in the middle .
In contrast to the main altar, the side altar, which is dedicated to Mary , the mother of Jesus , and the corresponding attachment show a polychromy with colors typical of the veneration of Mary . The front of the rather small altar shows ogival blind arcades with foliage on a blue background as well as a decorative strip made of four-pegs. The pointed arches on the blind arcades of the altarpiece are kept narrower and separate fields that are decorated with long irises . A statue of the Virgin Mary with baby Jesus rests on the tabernacle.
The church has another altar dedicated to Joseph of Nazareth . It is made of white marble with gray grain and shows Gothic arcades on its front. The two side arcades with three-pass arches encompass fields that are decorated with flowers that represent a monogram of the letters "A" and "C". The central arcade has a wide basket arch and encloses a figure scene that possibly depicts the death of Lazarus .
Stained glass windows of the church show depictions of Saints Paul , Peter and Magdalena, the patron saint of the church, which blend harmoniously into the Romanesque architecture. Paul is depicted in a wide cloak, the holy book in his hand. A rose window and a coat of arms decorate the fields above and below the figure. Peter is represented with his traditional attribute , the key that he is holding in his hand. In this window there is a flower motif and a coat of arms that fill in the fields above and below. The window depicting Mary Magdalene was undoubtedly made towards the end of the 19th or the beginning of the 20th century, when interest in colored stained glass windows revived in the churches of the region.
Statue of the apostle James
The municipality is located on Via Lemovicensis , also the road of the Limousin or the road of Vézelay , as this is where the Camino de Santiago begins. The statue, not far from the parish church, depicts St. Jacob in pilgrim clothing, with a travel cape, hat with a pilgrim shell , walking stick and belt pouch. It is intended to commemorate the great days of pilgrimages, which are still going on today.
Statue of the Jubilee
Also not far from the parish church and the statue of the apostle James, a large figure of Christ commemorates the first jubilee year in the 20th century. The monochrome white statue is leaning slightly at an angle on a large rock that is obviously not firmly fixed to the earth. Jubilee Years occur every 25 years during which devout Catholics receive a full indulgence if they meet certain conditions, such as: B. Confessions , donations, certain prayers, pilgrimage to the most important basilicas in Rome . Although the jubilee year 1900 ended on December 24th of the same year, most of these statues were not erected until 1901, like this one in L'Hôpital-d'Orion.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economy of the municipality is primarily determined by agriculture. L'Hôpital-d'Orion is located in the AOC zones of the Béarn wine-growing region , the Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and ham "Kintoa".
total = 15
sport and freetime
The long-distance hiking trail GR 654 from Namur in Belgium via Vézelay to Montréal-du-Gers in the Gers department leads through the municipality.
traffic
L'Hôpital-d'Orion is crossed by Routes départementales 23, 30 and 266.
Web links
- Website of the Tourist Office of the Association of Municipalities (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
- Information on the “Kintoa” ham on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ma commune: L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Eglise Sainte-Madeleine ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 79, 1863. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de l'Hôpital-d'Orion (64263) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ^ A b c Eglise Sainte-Marie-Madeleine ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Modillons de l'église Sainte-Madeleine ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Chapiteaux de l'église de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Pierre tombale de l'église de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Retable et autel de l'église de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Retable de la Vierge de l'église de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Autel de saint Joseph de l'église de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Vitrail de saint Paul dans l'église Sainte-Madeleine ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Vitrail de saint Pierre dans l'église Sainte-Madeleine ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Vitrail de sainte Madeleine dans l'église Sainte Madeleine ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Statue de saint Jacques de Compostelle de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Statue de jubilé de L'Hôpital-d'Orion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 13, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de l'Hôpital-d'Orion (64263) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ GR® 654 - le chemin de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle via Vézelay ( fr ) Fédération française de la randonnée pédestre . Retrieved June 13, 2017.
