Gurs
| Gurs | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 17 ′ N , 0 ° 45 ′ W | |
| height | 119-254 m | |
| surface | 10.96 km 2 | |
| Residents | 419 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 38 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64190 | |
| INSEE code | 64253 | |
 town hall |
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Gurs ([ gyʁs ]) is a French municipality with 419 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . It belongs to the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: canton of Navarrenx ).
geography
Gurs is located between Pau and Bayonne , 16 kilometers northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie, around 75 kilometers from the Spanish border . The river Gave flows between Gurs and Dognen .
Gurs is assigned to a type Cfb (according to Köppen and Geiger ) climate zone : warm, moderate rainy climate (C), fully humid (f), warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C (b). There is a maritime climate with a moderate summer.
history
The place became known through the internment camp Camp de Gurs , which was set up here from March 1939 . This was originally built for the fighters of the International Brigades returning from the Spanish Civil War . They were followed in a second wave from May 1940 onwards by unwanted foreigners living in France , mainly women who had emigrated from Germany.
After the internees in the summer of 1940 were largely released again by late summer, from October 1940 Jews from southwest Germany were deported to the Gurs camp, turning the former internment camp into a concentration camp . From August 1942 they were deported from here to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp for murder .
Culture and sights
In the Saint-Martin church, built in 1822, there is an altarpiece from the 17th century.
The Cimetière des Déportés ('Cemetery of the Deported') is a Jewish memorial to commemorate the internees of the Camp de Gurs . Attached is the reconstruction of a barrack that can be visited.
economy
The community houses a biscuit factory. Important industries are agriculture and livestock.
In the municipality there are controlled designations of origin (AOC) for the semi-hard cheese Ossau-Iraty as well as protected geographical indications (IGP) for domestic ducks , foie gras (Canard à foie gras du Sud-Ouest) , poultry (Volailles de Gascogne or du Béarn) , ham (Jambon de Bayonne) , Tomme des Pyrénées and white , rosé and red wine with the name Comté Tolosan .
The community houses a primary school with two classes.
Personalities
- Jean Bartet (1862–1943), opera singer (baritone)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Patrimoine et linguistique béarnais Gascon. (pdf; 275 kB) (No longer available online.) Institut béarnais et gascon, September 25, 2008, p. 12 , archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved February 5, 2010 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Gurs on annuaire-mairie.fr (French) Retrieved September 13, 2012.
- ^ Andreas G. Graf, Dieter Nelles: Resistance and Exile of German Anarchists and Anarcho-Syndicalists (1933-1945). In: Rudolf Berner: The invisible front. Report on illegal work in Germany (1937) (= Archive for Social and Cultural History. Vol. 7). Edited, annotated and supplemented by a study on the resistance and exile of German anarchists and anarcho-syndicalists by Andreas G. Graf and Dieter Nelles. Libertad-Verlag, Berlin et al. 1997, ISBN 3-922226-23-X , p. 71 ff., (Also available online ).
- ^ Camp de Gurs (website about the camp) in French.
- ↑ entry no. 64253 in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French).
- ↑ a b Gurs at Comcom Navarrenx (French) Retrieved October 9, 2009.
- ↑ Élevage d'autres bovins et de buffles sur Gurs on annuaire-mairie.fr in French.
