Susmiou
| Susmiou | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 19 ′ N , 0 ° 47 ′ W | |
| height | 117-181 m | |
| surface | 3.50 km 2 | |
| Residents | 357 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 102 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64190 | |
| INSEE code | 64530 | |
 Island of a roundabout |
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Susmiou is a French municipality with 357 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: canton of Navarrenx ).
geography
Susmiou is about 20 km northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Castetnau-Camblong | ||
.svg)
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Navarrenx | |
| Angous | Sus |
Susmiou is located in the catchment area of the Adour River on the left bank of the Gave d'Oloron .
The Lausset crosses the territory of the municipality as does its tributaries, the Riu de Carrié and the Ruisseau Coumetch.
history
The village of Susmiou was built on an artificial mound. The 1385 census of the Béarn counted 18 households. At the end of the Middle Ages the village belonged to the Bailliage of Navarrenx and owned two lay monasteries . The monastery of Suzan was first mentioned in 1336 and was owned by Arnaud Guilhem. The records state that the two lay monasteries subsequently passed to the Abadie and Lafuntzun families. In a quarter of the village also lived Cagots , a group of people who were discriminated against and largely excluded from social life in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century for reasons that are still unknown today. According to experts, descendants of Cagots still live in Susmiou today. During the Huguenot Wars , the village was burned to the ground in 1569 during the siege of Navarrenx. The story Susmious was determined by three major families in succession over the manorial possessed. In the 16th century it was the Auga family, from the 16th to the 18th century the Mesplès family, then the Faget family until the French Revolution . Susmiou formed together with Navailles and Angos a barony that the Vicomte was subject of Béarn and bore the name of the barony of Gabaston.
Toponyms and mentions of Susmiou were:
- Sus-Menour (12th century, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn , p. 403),
- Susmeor (13th century, fors de Béarn , manuscript from the 14th century),
- Sente-Katerine de Susmioo (1385, notaries from Navarrenx),
- L'abadie-jusan , L'abadie-susan de Susmio , Susmio , Suusmioo and Susmyon (1535, 1535, 1536, 1538 and 1546, reformation de Béarn , manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
- Sus mion (1750, map by Cassini ),
- Susmion (1793 and 1801, Notice Communale and Bulletin des lois, respectively ) and
- Susmiou (1863, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées).
Population development
The community reached a preliminary high of its size with around 220 inhabitants in the first half of the 19th century. In the period that followed, the size of the community stagnated to around 100 inhabitants during brief phases of recovery until after the Second World War . Since then, there has been a strong upward trend at times, which has reached new highs and continues today.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 123 | 131 | 202 | 227 | 250 | 251 | 287 | 301 | 357 |
Attractions
- Parish church dedicated to Catherine of Alexandria . The current church was built in the 17th century after the simple previous building and the entire village had been destroyed in 1569. The single nave nave is extended with a semicircular apse . The exposed masonry gives the appearance of rubble and rough stone . The entrance is below a small bell tower that towers over the building. It has several sound openings and a small, slate- covered hood with an iron cross on top. Inside, the vault with are panel-like and the floor is with Tomette covered tiles. The church has a tombstone from 1604.
- Former lay monastery. The buildings were obviously built after the lay monastery was founded. They consist of several wings arranged at right angles, two of which contain the living rooms on two floors.
- Former watermill of Labat-Gougy. It is located on the banks of the Lausset and once ground the grain for the residents of Susmiou. At the time the watermill was built, the territory was divided between the Abadie and Lafuntzun families. The origin of the name of the mill is not certain, but the name Labat suggests a connection with the Abadie family. The mill essentially consists of a rectangular building. Its hipped roof is covered with the flat tiles typical of the Béarn, which are called "picon" due to the bracket with hooks. Two large chimneys suggest that the flour was immediately made into bread in the oven. Today the mill is a small rural accommodation. The owner, Hervé Baltar, is a qualified fishing instructor and shares his knowledge with guests in order to fish for trout or salmon in the vicinity.
Economy and Infrastructure
Trade and services are the main economic drivers of the community.
Susmiou is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and ham "Kintoa".
total = 48
traffic
Susmiou can be reached via Routes départementales 2, 115, 936 (former Route nationale 636 ) and 947 (former Route nationale 647 ) and is connected to Mauléon-Licharre , Navarrenx, Mourenx and other communes in the department by a line from the Transports 64 bus network .
Web links
- Atlas du Patrimoine Historique et Culturel with pictures from Susmiou (French)
- Susmiou on the website of the former municipal association (French)
- "Transports 64" bus from the department (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
- Hervé Baltar on the Béarn des Gaves Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ma commune: Susmiou ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Susmiou ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. 165, 1863. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Susmiou ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Susmiou (64530) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Susmiou (64530) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Église Sainte-Catherine ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Ancienne abbaye laïque de Susmiou ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Moulin de Labat-Gougy ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Susmiou (64530) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 21, 2017.
