Ordiarp

Ordiarp Urdiñarbe
region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Canton	Montagne Basque
Community association	Pays Basque
Coordinates	43 ° 11 ′  N , 0 ° 57 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 11 ′  N , 0 ° 57 ′  W
height	131-1,239 m
surface	29.71 km 2
Residents	527 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	18 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	64130
INSEE code	64424
Website	www.mairie-ordiarp.fr
Ordiarp Town Hall

Ordiarp is a French municipality with 527 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: canton of Mauléon-Licharre ).

The name in the Basque language is Urdiñarbe . The inhabitants are called Urdiñarbetar accordingly .

geography

Ordiarp is about 40 km west of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Soule in the French part of the Basque Country .

Ordiarp is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Pagolle	Lohitzun-Oyhercq Ainharp	Garindein
Musculdy		Gotein-Libarrenx Idaux-Mendy
	Aussurucq

Ordiarp lies in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River .

The Saison , a tributary of the Gave d'Oloron , flows along the border with the neighboring municipality of Gotein-Libarrenx. One of its tributaries, the Arangoreneko Erreka, irrigates the municipality together with its tributary, the Ruisseau Abarakia, and its tributary, the Ruisseau Lachartia.

The Ruisseau Quihilliri, a tributary of the Ispatchoury Erreka, and the Ihityko Erreka, a tributary of the Bidouze , also cross the territory of the municipality.

history

Ford and bridge over the Arangorena

Fragments of disc-shaped grave steles

Folk festival in Ordiarp

Archaeological finds made visible, such as barrows and artificial mounds of earth, prove that the area was settled in the municipality in early history . The fortified camp, called Gastelusare , is not far from today's Saint-Grégoire chapel . It dates from the Bronze or Iron Age and consisted of an oval earth wall and a massive second wall.

Since 1189 there was an abbey with the church Saint-Michel , which before 1270 came under the aegis of the Augustinians of the monastery of Roncesvalles in Spain . It became a commandery and a hospital for pilgrims on the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela , which in the Middle Ages and today leads through Ordiarp. Because of the wars between Spain and France, difficulties arose for the monastery of Roncesvalles in obtaining the income from the French properties. In 1603 the commandery of Arnaud de Maytie, Bishop of Oloron , was confiscated, and again in 1683 by Canon Bonecac on behalf of the Bishop of Oloron. Since the Spanish side proceeded in a similar way, it was not until 1712 that an agreement was reached between the kings of France and Spain. As a result, the hospital was subordinated to the Commandery in Mauléon .

Toponyms and mentions of Ordiarp were:

• abbati et ecclesiæ sancti michælis de urdiarp (1189),
• Ordiharpe (1325),
• Urdiarb (1375, contracts of the notary Luntz, sheet 106),
• Hospitau de Urdiarp (1421, document from the cathedral chapter of Bayonne ),
• Sent-Miqueu d'Urdiarp (around 1460, contracts from Ohix, notary from Soule, sheet 74),
• Sent-Miguel de Urdiarbe (1479, document from the cathedral chapter of Bayonne),
• Urdiarp (1690) and
• Ordiarp (1750, 1793 and 1801, map from Cassini , Notice Communale and Bulletin des Lois, respectively ).

Ahetzia was an earlier, independent fief of the Viscount of Soule. His toponyms and mentions were:

• Ahece (1083),
• Ahese and Aheze (1170),
• de Hetsa (1249),
• Ahetce (1302),
• Ahedce and Hetse (1375, Treaties of Luntz, sheets 106 and 120),
• Ahetsa (1385, manuscript collection by André Duchesne , volume 114, sheet 43),
• Hahetza de Peyriède (1479, document from the cathedral chapter of Bayonne),
• Abelse (1750, map by Cassini) and
• Ahetze (1863, Dictionnaire topographique Béarn-Pays basque).

Population development

After a high of 1225 inhabitants in the first half of the 19th century, the number of inhabitants has fallen to around 530 during brief phases of recovery.

year	1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2009	2017
Residents	642	643	671	584	555	544	554	537	527

From 1962 official figures without residents with a secondary residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2009

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Michel of Ordiarp

Parish church of Saint-Michel with a bridge over the Arangorena

Parish church, view of the apse with side chapels

The parish church, dedicated to the Archangel Michael , was built in the early 12th century and was first mentioned in the records in 1189. The choir and the two apse calottes date from that time, as does the first yoke . The vault was probably built around the middle of the 12th century. The facade and the other yokes were replaced by modern masonry. The Romanesque church originally had three naves , one of which is still there today. The apse is flanked by two rounded side chapels.

Many bell towers of the Soule have the typical shape of a clocher trinitaire , i. H. the gable has three pointed roofs as a symbol for the Trinity . The architecture of the bell tower of the parish church of Ordiarp, on the other hand, seems to be inspired by the typical roof shape of the Soule houses. Its six-sided roof is covered with black slate and has a steep slope, as is widespread in the houses in the region. It is due to the climatic conditions of the region and prevents the snow from the nearby Pyrenees from piling up too much on the roof in winter and damaging it with its weight.

The church was partially destroyed during the Huguenot Wars in 1569 and was restored in the late 19th century. It is one of the rare places of worship where mass is celebrated in Basque every Sunday . According to Basque tradition, the parishioners sit in separate areas, the women down in the nave, the men on the gallery in the back of the nave. Several rows of benches extend here on one level. The gallery is made entirely of wood in a functional style, only the simple balusters are decorated.

In the choir there is a statue of the Archangel Michael from the 17th century. However, a remarkable side altar is dedicated to Mary . It is made of marble and framed with gold plating. In the middle of its obverse there are engraved scales as a symbol of the right that Mary brought to people. The altarpiece is decorated with two hearts as a reference to the Immaculate Heart of Mary . A large Latin cross towers over and protects the entire work.

The parish church has been classified as a monument historique since 1922 .

Saint-Grégoire Chapel

The chapel, consecrated to Gregory of Tours , has a very functional appearance with its white walls and the lack of any decoration. Its black slate roof gives it more the character of a soulful house than a house of God. The interior of the church is also kept sober and contrasts with the lavish decor that is usually found in Basque churches.

The rear wall of the choir is dominated by a painting showing St. Gregory in bishop's clothing with his cloak, the miter on his head and a crosier in his hand. The oil painting is accompanied by four statues of saints in wall niches. The ceiling of the choir is completely covered with panels , without the frescoes or wall paintings that are often found in Basque churches.

The tabernacle , which is not richly decorated with gold leaf, as is generally the case in Basque churches , also adds to the simplicity of the chapel . It is painted with black paint and lacks any sculpture or bas-relief . The only ornamentation is a few motifs that are applied in gold, including a large ciborium and two wings on the sides.

The factual style is also reflected in the chapel's holy water font. It is set into the wall of the nave, its small bowl is adapted to the size of a hand. A simple Latin cross is engraved above the bowl.

Ahetzia Castle

Ahetzia Castle, located outside the center of the municipality, was built in the middle of the 17th century. A cylindrical tourelle with a pointed conical roof is built on the building. The west facade has two pavilions , one of which has three floors. Otherwise the house has two floors and an attic. The windows on the two lower floors have cornices and rounded wooden window bars. The top floor is illuminated by three hatches with stone crosses and triangular gables. The lintel above the entrance contains an inscription in Basque and shows the lion of the souls and a tree of life , a symbol of prosperity and fertility , as a coat of arms . The castle and the associated estate remained in the possession of the noble family von Ahetzia until the 19th century. Today the Breuil family lives in the property.

Center of the souletical cultural heritage

The museum allows the visitor to get to know Basque culture, history, legends and art. The exhibition focuses on four themes: Basque culture, heritage, religion and the Camino de Santiago. The symbolism of the Basque Cross or Lauburu and the disc-shaped grave stelae, called Hilarri , are explained. The pastoral is presented, a form of theater in Basque language with music and dance performed by actors from the respective community. Basque mythology comes to life, u. a. by the Laminaks , benevolent elves who live underground near springs or streams and only come out at night. The theme of the pilgrimage and the Romanesque churches is also covered.

Economy and Infrastructure

Ossau-Iraty

Agriculture is the municipality's most important economic factor.

Ordiarp is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".

The CDEO (Coopérative Center Départemental de l'Elevage Ovin) is a cooperative based in Ordiarp, in which around 1,500 producers of sheep's milk in the French Basque Country and in the Béarn are involved. It is involved in the protection and improvement and rearing methods of the local sheep breeds and the preservation of transhumance and thus also forms the basis for the AOC Ossau-Iraty.

The Errecondo farm produces products made from sheep's milk, etc. a. the Ossau-Iraty. The milk is hand- milked by their own sheep of the Manech tête noire and Manech tête rousse breeds , which are grazed daily.

The Apicole Beaudéant farm produces honey of various types and other bee products from 500 beehives. The Arginsol and Ahetzetxegohenea farms are producers of beef and veal.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 68

school-building

education

The community has a public preschool and elementary school with 30 students in the 2017/2018 school year.

Camino de Santiago logo

sport and freetime

• The GR 78 long-distance hiking trail from Carcassonne to Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port runs through the center of the municipality. It follows a byway of the Camino de Santiago to Santiago de Compostela .

• A walk through the municipality provides a 40-minute circular route that starts at the Frontón . It has a length of 12 km with a height difference of 50 m.

• An easy circular path of 9 km in length with a height difference of 300 m leads from the center of the municipality through pastureland and forests to the southern municipality area.

• An 11.5 km long circular route classified as difficult with a difference in altitude of 448 m leads from the center of the municipality to the Saint-Grégoire chapel .

traffic

Ordiarp can be reached via Routes départementales 348 and 918, the former Route nationale 618 .

Personalities

Bernard Goyheneche, known as Matalas, was born in Moncayolle and died on November 8, 1661 in Mauléon-Licharre after being sentenced to death by beheading. He was pastor of Moncayolle and in 1661 led the Matalas uprising , a revolt by Souletine peasants against the increase in royal taxes. He was arrested in Ordiarp a day after losing a battle against royal troops.

Web links

Commons : Ordiarp  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Ordiarp on the Soule Tourist Office website (French)
• Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
• Filière Porc Basque website (French)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Lieux - toponymie Urdiñarbe (Arbaila Txipia (-a)) ( fr ) Royal Academy of the Basque Language . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
2. ↑ Ma commune: Ordiarp ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Regional Council of Aquitaine: Ordiarp ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
4. ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Camp protohistorique de Gastelusare ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
5. ^ ^{A b c} Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . P. 33, 210. 2006. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
6. ↑ Histoire ( fr ) Parish Ordiarp. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
7. ^ ^{A b} Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 3, 126, 1863. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
8. ↑ ^{a b} David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
9. ↑ ^{a b} Notice Communale Ordiarp ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
10. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Ordiarp (64424) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
11. ↑ ^{a b c} Église Saint-Michel ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
12. ^ Eglise Saint-Michel ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
13. ↑ Clocher de l'église Saint-Michel ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
14. ↑ Tribune de l'église Saint-Michel ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
15. ↑ Autel de la Vierge de l'église Saint-Michel ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
16. ↑ Chapelle Saint-Grégoire ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
17. ↑ Chœur de la chapelle Saint-Grégoire ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
18. ↑ Tabernacle de la chapelle Saint-Grégoire ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
19. ↑ Bénitier de la chapelle Saint-Grégoire ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
20. ↑ Château d'Ahetzia ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
21. ^ Dans les quartiers ( fr ) Ordiarp municipality. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
22. ↑ Center d'évocation du patrimoine souletin d'Ordiarp ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2017. 
23. ↑ Center d'évocation ( fr ) Ordiarp municipality. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
24. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
25. ↑ ^{a b c} Economie ( fr ) Municipality of Ordiarp. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
26. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune d'Ordiarp (64424) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
27. ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
28. ↑ GR®78: le chemin du piémont pyrénéen ( fr ) Comité Régional de la Randonnée Pédestre Midi-Pyrénées. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
29. ↑ Randonnées ( fr ) Municipality of Ordiarp. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
30. ↑ Kaskaborro ( fr , PDF) Communauté de communes de Soule-Xiberoa. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
31. ^ San Gregori ( fr , PDF) Communauté de communes de Soule-Xiberoa. Retrieved October 16, 2017.