Saint-Goin

Saint-Goin
region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Canton	Oloron-Sainte-Marie-1
Community association	Haut Bearn
Coordinates	43 ° 15 ′ N , 0 ° 42 ′ W Coordinates: 43 ° 15 ′ N , 0 ° 42 ′ W
height	173-291 m
surface	5.54 km 2
Residents	230 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	42 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	64400
INSEE code	64481
	; Saint-Goin town hall

Saint-Goin is a French municipality with 230 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). It belongs to the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the Canton of Oloron-Sainte-Marie-1 (until 2015: Canton of Oloron-Sainte-Marie-Ouest ).

The name of the municipality is derived from Saint Gaudentius, a martyr around 475 in the Toulouse region .

The inhabitants are called Saint-Goinars .

geography

Saint-Goin is located approx. 10 km northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the Josbaig Valley in the historic province of Béarn .

The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Geüs-d'Oloron		Aren

Barcus		Géronce

Saint-Goin is located in the river Adour catchment area .

A tributary of the Gave d'Oloron , the Joos , flows through the municipality with its tributary Ruisseau Espondics, as does the Ruisseau l'Ibarle, tributary of the Lausset .

history

Throughout the Middle Ages , Saint-Goin was at a dispute with its neighboring towns over ownership of the Josbaig land and forest. In 1385, Saint-Goin belonged to Geüs-d'Oloron and the Bailliage of Oloron . The Béarn census counted a total of 29 households in both villages. The manor belonged to the Aignan family, from 1544 to the Fréchou family. In the following years, Saint-Goin was divided into two fiefdoms , each with a seat in the Béarn Estates .

Toponyms and mentions of Saint-Goin were:

Sent-Goenh (1402, census of the Béarn),
Sengoenh , Sangoenh and Sanct-Guoenh (1536, 1538 and 1546, reformation de Béarn , manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
Sent-Jayme de Sent-Goenh (1608, publications of the Diocese of Oloron ),
Saint Goen (1750, map by Cassini ),
Saint Goin (1793, Notice Communale ) and
Saint-Goin (1801, Bulletin des lois ).

Population development

After the beginning of the records, the community reached a peak of the population of around 390 in the middle of the 19th century. This was followed by a phase of stagnation, during which the number was reduced to around 160 with short recovery phases by the 1950s. In the period that followed, there was a brief recovery in the 1960s, stagnation in the 1970s and, from the 1980s, an onset of growth.

year	1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2009	2017
Residents	190	200	164	173	182	188	214	227	230

From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur

Parish church, dedicated to James the Elder . The earlier Romanesque church had become too small and threatened to deteriorate. It was located in front of the castle on the estate of the noble house of Anahanh and probably originally served as a private chapel for the landlords . On the initiative of the mayor Lahargouette and the lord of the castle Lagarde, a new building was built, which was completed in December 1844, as evidenced by the date engraved on the lintel of the porch. Only a few items of equipment from the old church have been transferred to the new church. This applies to a painting by the painter René-Marie Castaing from 1940. It was part of the altarpiece and shows how Mary , the mother of Jesus Christ, appears to the apostle James the Elder on a pillar . Other items from the earlier church are two statues , one depicting Mary, one depicting St. Catherine of Alexandria , a confessional and a painting that illustrates the scene in which Mary and the baby Jesus give the rosary to Saints Dominic and Vincent Ferrer hand over. The latter has been classified as a Monument historique since September 5, 1984 .

Mesplès Castle. It was owned by the Aignan family in the Middle Ages and known as "Anhanh". The Aignan family has been since the 12th century in the cartulary of Lucq mentioned. They kept the castle until the 15th century. In the 16th century it went to the Fréchou family, in the 17th century to the Barber family. It was both a lay monastery and a noble residence. The baron César de Mesplès bought the castle on April 2, 1646. The French King Louis XIII. appointed César de Mesplès baron in 1633 in recognition of the services of his father, Anchot de Mesplès, in the Huguenot Wars . Between 1715 and 1720, the castle was completely redesigned by Jean-Anchot de Mesplès on the occasion of his marriage to Madeleine d'Arros. It now consists of a rectangular, two-story residential wing measuring 34 m × 15 m with a rafter roof covered with slate . The castle served as a summer residence, and inside there are witnesses to the luxurious life of its residents, a large reception hall, a large straight staircase, a long line of reception rooms, apartments divided into suites with reception rooms, bedrooms, anteroom and cloakrooms, separate ones Adjoining rooms. The interior is accordingly, with four meter high ceilings with stucco , wall paneling, marble chimneys with trumeaus and stucco plant decorations in every room, double-winged, corrugated doors, internal shutters on all windows, parquet or marble floors. The emerging fashion in the early 18th century to create a connection to the outdoor areas and gardens was met by opening the façades largely with large windows without bars to let in light and benefit from the kitchen and ornamental gardens. In April 1732, King Louis XV. all his manors to the marquisate . By the end of the Ancien Régime , the Marquis de Mesplès rose to be among the highest dignitaries in the region. During the French Revolution , the de Mesplès family was lucky enough to escape the scaffold . The castle was neglected until Jean Emmanuel Lagarde bought it in 1822. He was a merchant from Oloron-Sainte-Marie who got his fortune in Cádiz in Andalusia . Marquise Marie Angélique de Vertamont, nee de Mesplès, and without descendants sold all her other possessions next to the castle. Jean Emmanuel and later his daughter Marie Anne added to the splendor of the property with interior work, gardens, planting new trees, building a second orangery , enlarging outbuildings, redesigning the large entrance portal and the side entrance, as well as installing grilles and pillars with spheres. With her departure at the end of the 19th century, the castle was quickly converted into a luxury hotel with tennis and golf. The clientele included wealthy British and Americans who hunted deer or fish for salmon. The great reputation of the hotel led to the expansion of six rooms in a new pavilion with an attic and a loggia on the ground floor. But the global economic crisis in the early thirties heralded the gradual end of the hotel business. The manager had to go back to Great Britain at the beginning of World War II . Subsequently, the castle served as a refuge from 1939 to 1945, from 1948 to 1952 under the direction of the Unitarian Service Committee, as accommodation for Spanish orphans, victims of the Franco dictatorship , as a holiday camp for young people and finally in the 1980s as the organization's rehab clinic Narconon . In the following years the castle remained uninhabited, closed and ownerless. It was neglected and suffered from devastation, robbery and destruction. Today life has returned to the castle, the roofs have been restored and maintenance work is planned. It is privately owned and not open to the public.

Economy and Infrastructure

Ossau-Iraty

Trade and services are the main economic drivers of the community. Saint-Goin is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 25

education

The municipality has a public pre-school with 25 students in the 2017/2018 school year.

traffic

Saint-Goin is crossed by Routes départementales 59, 836 and 936 (former Route nationale 636 ) and is connected to other communes in the department by a line from the Transports 64 bus network via Oloron-Sainte-Marie and Mauléon-Licharre .

Web links

Commons : Saint-Goin - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Atlas du Patrimoine Historique et Culturel with images from Saint-Goin (French)
"Transports 64" bus from the department (French)
Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
Filière Porc Basque website (French)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Saint-Goin ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 28, 2017. @1@ 2

↑ Pyrénées-Atlantiques Gentilé ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved November 28, 2017.

^ Ma commune: Saint-Goin ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved November 28, 2017.

^ ^A ^b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. S. 148, 1863. Retrieved November 28, 2017.

^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved November 28, 2017.

↑ ^a ^b Notice Communale Saint-Goin ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved November 28, 2017.

↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Saint-Goin (64481) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 28, 2017.

↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Saint-Goin (64481) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 28, 2017.