Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx

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Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx
Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx (France)
Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Canton Le Coeur de Bearn
Community association Bearn des Gaves
Coordinates 43 ° 21 ′  N , 0 ° 48 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 21 ′  N , 0 ° 48 ′  W
height 98-185 m
surface 5.68 km 2
Residents 161 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 28 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 64190
INSEE code 64555

Viellenave-de-Navarrenx is a French municipality with 161 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: canton of Navarrenx ).

The name Vialenave is in the Gascognischen language Vielanava ( German  Neustadt ). In 1956 the addition "de-Navarrenx" was added to distinguish it from the municipality of Vialenave-d'Arthez .

The inhabitants are called Vialenavois and Vielleavoises .

geography

Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx is located approx. 25 km northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Béarn .

The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Audaux Bug no
Araux Neighboring communities Bastanes
Charre Castetnau-Camblong

Vielle-de-Navarrenx is located in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River on the left bank of the Gave d'Oloron .

The Lausset , a tributary of the Gave, crosses the territory of the commune, as does its tributary, the Ruisseau de Harcellane, and its tributaries, the Cassou Dou Boue, the Ruisseau de Lescuncette and the Tréturé.

history

In the Middle Ages, Vielleave was an outpost of the citadel of Navarrenx . However, there are no traces of military fortifications. In 1309, the Vicomtesse d'Orthe released the inhabitants from the duties of feudalism . The community was under the Bailliage of Navarrenx and the manorial system was part of the barony of Jasses . In the 1385 census in Béarn, 22 households were counted. There was also a lay monastery that was the vassal of the Viscount of Béarn. Cagots also lived in the village , a group of people who were discriminated against in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century for reasons that are still unknown today and who were largely excluded from social life. The presence of the Cagots was confirmed in 1579 when a contract was signed with a certain Michel to work on the timbers of the Navarrenx market hall. Vlichenave is on one of the pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela . Until the 19th century, pilgrims crossed the Gave by ferry. The toll revenues were not insignificant and formed an economic factor, because only the landlord and his servants were exempt from the fee. The ferry has been replaced today by a bridge designed by Gustave Eiffel .

Toponyms and mentions of Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx were:

  • Manyaue (12th century, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn. P. 403),
  • Manyave and Sent-Per de vielave (1387 and 1411, notaries from Navarrenx),
  • Viellanave and Vielanava (around 1540 and in 1548, reformation de Béarn , manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
  • Viellanava (1620, publications of the Diocese of Oloron ),
  • Villenave (1750, map by Cassini ),
  • Vlichenave (1793 and 1801, Notice Communale and Bulletin des lois, respectively ) and
  • Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx (1956).

Population development

The community peaked in size in the census of 1836 and 1881 with around 340 and around 350 inhabitants, respectively. In the period that followed, the size of the community stagnated during brief phases of recovery until the 1960s to a level of around 160 inhabitants, which is still held with certain variances to this day.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 2017
Residents 156 151 161 187 167 140 152 168 161
From 1962 official figures without residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2010

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Pierre
  • Parish church, consecrated to the Apostle Peter , built in the 14th century. In 1569, during the Huguenot Wars , it was partially damaged by a fire started by Protestant troops. Most of the building was rebuilt during the 17th century. Unlike many churches in the Béarn, the parish church of Vielle-de-Navarrenx has retained a large number of its original elements. This also includes the Romanesque entrance portal from the 14th century. The unadorned portal measures three meters in height and two meters in width, the wall thickness is 80 cm. The round arch is reinforced by five stones as a border. A special feature of the church is its clocher trinitaire , a bell gable with three pointed roofs as a symbol of the Trinity . The church is the only one in the region with this type of roof, which is increasingly found in the Soule in the French part of the Basque Country . In front of and behind the three rooftops, canopies offer the wall openings in which the bells are housed a certain protection from the elements. Inside the church, the ceilings of the aisles with cross ribs are covered with numerous round keystones . The Gothic choir also dates from the 14th century. It hides a puzzling white grave slab in the ground that merges with the floor covering. It measures two meters in length and 80 cm in width and bears neither the date nor any inscriptions that would suggest the identity of the deceased. The upper part, under which the head is probably located, points in the direction of the nave and is provided with a bas-relief that shows a coat of arms, which was undoubtedly supposed to be obscured during the French Revolution . The coat of arms is held by two animals that could be lions , surrounded by a laurel wreath . The residents named the tombstone "Laussat" because this family owned the manor of Vialenave for a long time.
  • House Laussat. The 18th century estate consists of the owner's and tenant's houses and farm buildings around an inner courtyard. Upstream is another courtyard with horse stables, which is separated from the main courtyard by a wall with a gallery and an arch as a connection. Two gardens shape the areas around the building. The main house has a foundation made of quarry stone , which was built in a honeycomb pattern . The partially missing plaster of the facade reveals a masonry bond in the ear pattern. Lukarne with gable roofs interrupt the slate roof , which is supported by a double cornice . The Laussat house is privately owned and is not open to the public. It has been classified as a Monument historique since November 12, 2003 .

Economy and Infrastructure

Ossau-Iraty different degrees of ripeness

Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 14
Camino de Santiago logo

sport and freetime

The GR 65 long-distance hiking trail from Geneva to Roncesvalles also leads through the southern part of the municipality. It follows the Via Podiensis , one of the four historic St. James' paths.

traffic

Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx can be reached via Routes départementales 115, 665 and 936, the former Route nationale 636 .

Web links

Commons : Vialenave-de-Navarrenx  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Vlichenave. Gasconha.com, accessed January 5, 2018 (French).
  2. ↑ a b c Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx. (No longer available online.) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, archived from the original on January 6, 2018 ; Retrieved January 5, 2018 (French).
  3. ↑ a b c Notice Communale Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx. EHESS , accessed on January 5, 2018 (French).
  4. ↑ Ma commune: Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx. Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne, accessed on January 5, 2018 (French).
  5. ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées. In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France. Imprimerie nationale, 1863, p. 174 , accessed January 5, 2018 (French).
  6. ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750. David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates, accessed January 5, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Vialenave-de-Navarrenx (64555). INSEE , accessed January 5, 2018 (French).
  8. ^ A b Église Saint-Pierre. (No longer available online.) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, archived from the original on January 6, 2018 ; Retrieved January 5, 2018 (French).
  9. ^ Portail roman de l'église Saint-Pierre. (No longer available online.) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, archived from the original on January 6, 2018 ; Retrieved January 5, 2018 (French).
  10. ↑ Clocher trinitaire de l'église Saint-Pierre. (No longer available online.) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, archived from the original on January 6, 2018 ; Retrieved January 5, 2018 (French).
  11. ↑ Pierre tombale de Laussat dans l'église Saint-Pierre. (No longer available online.) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, archived from the original on January 6, 2018 ; Retrieved January 5, 2018 (French).
  12. ↑ Maison du Laussat. (No longer available online.) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine, archived from the original on January 6, 2018 ; Retrieved January 5, 2018 (French).
  13. ↑ Maison du Laussat. Ministry of Culture and Communication , accessed January 5, 2018 (French).
  14. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit. Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité , accessed on January 5, 2018 (French).
  15. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx (64555). INSEE , accessed January 5, 2018 (French).
  16. ↑ GR® 65, le chemin de Compostelle via le Puy. Fédération française de la randonnée pédestre , accessed on January 5, 2018 (French).