Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut

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Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut
Lakarri-Arhane-Sarrikotagaine
Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut (France)
Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Canton Montagne Basque
Community association Pays Basque
Coordinates 43 ° 5 ′  N , 0 ° 55 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 5 ′  N , 0 ° 55 ′  W
height 240-1,464 m
surface 23.32 km 2
Residents 130 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 6 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 64470
INSEE code 64298

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut town hall

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut is a French commune of 130 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the Canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: Canton Tardets-Sorholus ).

The name in the Basque language is Lakarri-Arhane-Sarrikotagaine . The inhabitants are called accordingly Lakarrar , Arhantar or Sarrikotar .

geography

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut is located about 35 km southwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the Hoch-Soule region ( Ibarresküin in Basque ) of the historic Soule province in the French part of the Basque Country .

The highest point in the municipality is at the foot of the Pic des Escaliers ( 1472  m ).

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Alçay-Alçabéhéty-Sunharette Lichans Sunhar
Alçay-Alçabéhéty-Sunharette Neighboring communities Etchebar
Larrau

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut lies in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River . The Apoura, a tributary of the season , has its source in the municipality and marks most of the northern border with the neighboring municipality of Alçay-Alçabéhéty-Sunharette. The Ruisseau Idigorria and the Ruisseau Erbeiché also irrigate the municipality.

history

Several barrows and a former fortification of the form known from the Bronze Age indicate an early settlement of the area. In the Middle Ages Lacarry had an aristocratic house and Charitte around a dozen free farmers were among their residents. In 1613 Arhan joined the municipality of Charitte, in 1831 Arhan and Charitte merged with Lacarry to form the municipality of Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut. In the 20th century Lacarry was known for its thermal baths all over Soule.

Toponyms and mentions of Lacarry were:

  • Lachari (1178, manuscript collection by André Duchesne , volume 114, sheet 36),
  • Lacharri (1337),
  • Lacarri (1475, contracts from Ohix, notary from Soule, sheet 21),
  • Laccarri (1520, manuscript from 1520),
  • Lacarri (1520),
  • Laccarry and Lacarry (1690),
  • Laccarry (1750, map by Cassini ),
  • Lacarry (1793, Notice Communale),
  • Laccarry (1801, Bulletin des lois ) and
  • Lacarry (1863, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées).

Toponyms and mentions of Charritte-de-Haut were:

  • Sarrite (1337),
  • Sarrite , Xarrite dessus Ausset-Suson (1471, contracts of Ohix, notary of Soule, sheet 24),
  • Xarrite a la baygdextre (1690),
  • Charritte de Haut (1750, map by Cassini ),
  • Charritte de Haut (1793, Notice Communale),
  • Charritte (1801, Bulletin des lois ) and
  • Charritte-de-Haut (1863, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées).

Population development

After the peak of the population of 700 in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell to around 130 during short periods of recovery by the 1980s. Since then there has been a certain stabilization at this level.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 2017
Residents 287 233 175 136 127 124 128 130 130
Until 1821 only residents of Lacarry, from 1831 of Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut
From 1962 official figures without residents with secondary residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish church of Saint-Etienne in Lacarry
Altarpiece in the parish church in Lacarry
Parish Church of Saint Vincent in Arhan
Reredos in the parish church in Arhan
Fragment of a fresco in the parish church in Charritte-de-Haut

Parish Church in Lacarry

It is consecrated to St. Stephen . The lintel over the entrance to the nave shows the noun sacrum IHS, the year 1766 and two five-pointed stars at its ends. This inscription gives the clue as to the probable date of the construction of the church. In the second half of the 19th century, the bell tower was added over the entrance porch and repairs were made, including a. the window openings in the nave and in the apse , the interlocking of the masonry on the building edges and the church furnishings . The apse has three roof surfaces and lies above a sacristy , which is located in the semi- basement .

An external and an internal staircase give access to the gallery , which is worked out in a simple style in which only the balustrades are decorated. In this church it contains several rows of pews on different levels, the places of which, as in most Basque churches, are traditionally reserved for men during a mass , since in the Basque Country men and women have to stay separately during a mass. In churches with no gallery, men sit on the right benches and women on the left benches in the direction of the altar .

A grave slab is set in the floor of the church with the year 1766, the initials IHS and two stars as decoration, but no name. For a long time, the deceased in a village were buried in their parish church, most of them in a collective or family grave covered by a slab called a jarleku . The nobles, dignitaries, members of large families or priests often had the privilege of having a single grave in a visible place. The Bishop of Bayonne decreed in 1786 the exclusive burial in cemeteries outside a church.

The painting of the altarpiece in the choir of the church shows a scene in the life of the patron saint of the church, Saint Stephen, with three men about to stone him . He is depicted in the clothes of a deacon , an office he held in the early Jerusalem church . The other furnishings of the choir, which date from the 18th century, are the altar, the decorations of which take up the motifs of the reredos, a lecture cross and a tabernacle . A small leaded glass window in the dome illuminates the choir and underlines the solemn character of the place.

The tabernacle is attached directly to the wall of the choir. There are several statues on the small cupboard , including one depicting Mary with the baby Jesus in her arms. The shrine of the tabernacle is richly decorated with vegetal ornaments. A ciborium between two columns is carved out as a relief on its door . Instead of the hosts , a large sun shines as a symbol for Jesus Christ .

A side altar of the church is dedicated to Mary with a large statue that represents her standing upright with her hands folded in prayer. The altar and the reredos below are decorated with similar plant ornaments. A board, in gold and blue colors, bears the letters "A" and "M", probably an abbreviation for "Ave Maria", the name of a basic prayer in the Catholic Church for the invocation of Mary.

Parish Church in Arhan

She is consecrated to Vincent de Valencia , deacon and martyr in Hispania in the 3rd and 4th centuries. The church is worth seeing because of a Christ monogram of Romanesque origin on its tympanum . In addition, the building with its bell gable makes a massive impression, also typical for Romanesque churches.

The reredos of the church is painted, equipped with several elements and accompanied by a cladding made of one piece of gilded, embossed and painted corduan leather . Otherwise it is worked in the baroque style with decorative columns, flower garlands and putti faces . The mixture of its shades of purple and gold is widespread in retables in the Basque Country. This duality of colors could also be seen as a Spanish influence.

The purple and gold tabernacle is integrated directly into the reredos and made from the same wood. Columns of snakes and garlands of plants frame the door, which is decorated with a bas-relief depicting Jesus Christ standing upright and with his wrists bandaged. It is the representation of Christ at rest , a moment when he waits for his passion . He wears only a simple cloak over his shoulders and holds a reed that the guards had given him to make fun of him. Above the depiction of Christ jumps out a bust that embodies God the Father , who blesses the believers with his right hand while his left hand holds the globe .

Parish church in Charritte-de-Haut

It is consecrated to Saturninus of Toulouse , the first bishop of Toulouse . The time period in which the church was built is not recorded. It could be between the middle ages of the church in Arhan and the late 18th century of the church in Lacarry.

Most of the bell gables of the churches in the Soule are clochers trinitairer , i.e. H. the gable has three pointed roofs, each usually provided with a cross at the top as a symbol for the Trinity . At the same time one speaks of Clochers calvaires , because the shape is reminiscent of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ on Mount Golgotha . The bell gable of this church deviates from it and shows a more pyramidal shape. Similar to the church in Arhan, it has two large wall openings in which the bells are located and below a large, open porch, which is covered with the same black slate as in all other buildings in the region.

The character of the decor of the choir appears sober and austere, in contrast to most other Basque churches, which are usually richly decorated. The rather sparse furnishings come from the 18th century and consist of the altar, which was made of the same stone as the exposed brickwork of the walls, a carved panel, a lecture cross made of gilded wood and three statues, one of which represents Mary, standing upright and hands open as a sign of blessing.

On the upper part of one of the walls of the choir a fragment of a fresco falls . Several groups of people can be seen, so that it can be assumed that it is not a decorative motif, but part of a fresco, typical of a Romanesque construction. The creation of this type of wall painting reached its peak in the 11th and 12th centuries, since there were few window openings in Romanesque churches of the era, the need arose to make sensible use of the large wall surfaces.

The church has a richly decorated reredos carved from wood. It is structured on two levels by serpent columns, on the sides surrounded by volutes , designed with bas-reliefs of numerous plant motifs, illustrated scenes and figures of saints. In the middle, a crucifix attracts the viewer's gaze. Below is the tabernacle, which is integrated into the reredos. As with the church in Arhan, the shrine is decorated with the representation of Christ at rest.

Door and window lintels in Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut

Lintels decorated with inscriptions and motifs are an expression of an independent Basque culture and allow the house to be personalized. They can be purely decorative or tell something about the house or its inhabitants. An example of such a fall on a house in Lacarry shows only the engraved date 1622, probably the year of construction. What is original here is the representation of the two digits “2” as two superimposed dots like on a domino tile .

Another example shows the decoration in the form of a coat of arms below three irises. These are symbols of the French king and the use here in the Basque Country undoubtedly refers to the unification of the Kingdom of Navarre with France when Louis XIII. Received the crowns of Navarre and France from his father, Henry IV . The open presentation of these symbols proves the acceptance of this development by the population of the community. In addition to the year 1639, the name of the owner appears in the inscription on the coat of arms, Marie-Joseph Pierre Goinehex, of whom nothing is otherwise known, except that a possible descendant, Marguerite Goinehex, died on November 1, 1827 in one of the neighboring communities. The noun sacrum IHS is prefixed to the name. A curious detail of the inscription are the letters "N", which are consistently reversed.

Economy and Infrastructure

Ossau-Iraty

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made hard cheese made from sheep's milk, and the ham "Kintoa".

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2014
total = 12

sport and freetime

Two circular hiking trails, "Les cinq petits monts" (length: 13.5 km, difference in altitude: 850 m) and "Sarrikotagaine" (length: 3 km, difference in altitude: 110 m), invite you to take a hike to the surrounding heights or to one Walk in the pastures.

traffic

Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut is connected to the French road network via Route départementale 247.

Web links

Commons : Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lieux - toponymie Lakarri-ARHANE-Sarrikotagaine (Ibarresküin) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  2. ↑ géoportail - Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  3. ↑ Ma commune: Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  4. ↑ Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 3, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  5. ^ A b Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . S. 194. 2006. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  6. ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 49, 88, 1863. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  7. ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  8. ↑ a b Notice Communale Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  9. ↑ Notice Communale Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  10. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut (64298) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  11. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut (64298) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  12. ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Etienne ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  13. ↑ Eglise Saint-Etienne de Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  14. ↑ Tribune de l'église Saint-Etienne de Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  15. ↑ Dalle funéraire de l'église Saint-Etienne de Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  16. ↑ Chœur de l'église Saint-Etienne de Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  17. ↑ Tabernacle de l'église Saint-Etienne de Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  18. ↑ Autel de la Vierge de l'église Saint-Etienne de Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 3, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  19. ^ Eglise Saint-Vincent d'Arhan ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  20. ^ Retable de l'église Saint-Vincent d'Arhan ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  21. ↑ Tabernacle de l'église Saint-Vincent d'Arhan ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  22. ↑ Eglise Saint-Saturnin-de-Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  23. ↑ Clocher de l'église Saint-Saturnin de Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  24. ↑ Chœur de l'église Saint-Saturnin de Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  25. ↑ Fresque de l'église de Saint-Saturnin de Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  26. ↑ Retable de l'église Saint-Saturnin de Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  27. ↑ Linteau de maison à Lacarry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  28. ↑ Linteau daté de 1639 ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  29. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  30. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut (64298) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  31. ↑ 2 itinéraires à Lacarry-Arhan-Charritte-de-Haut ( fr ) Béarn Pays basque tourist office. Retrieved July 3, 2017.