Espiute
| Espiute | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 22 ′ N , 0 ° 55 ′ W | |
| height | 70-175 m | |
| surface | 4.09 km 2 | |
| Residents | 108 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 26 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64390 | |
| INSEE code | 64215 | |
 Aerial view of Espiute |
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Espiute is a French municipality with 108 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie (until 2016: Arrondissement Pau ) and the canton of Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel (until 2015: Canton Sauveterre-de-Béarn ).
geography
Espiute is about 40 km northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Saint-Gladie-Arrive-Munein | ||
| Saint-Gladie-Arrive-Munein |
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Tabaille-Usquain |
| Etcharry |
Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby Nabas |
Gestas |
Espiute lies in the catchment area of the Adour River and lies on the left bank of the Saison , a tributary of the Gave d'Oloron . A tributary of the season, the Ruisseau Lafaure, crosses the municipality. One of its tributaries, the eiherabideko erhka, flows into this in the extreme south of the municipality.
history
In the 1385 census of the Béarn, 17 households were counted in Espiut and it was noted that the village was part of the Bailliage of Sauveterre . Of these 17 households, there were at least five that belonged to nobles who belonged to Gaston III. Fébus , Viscount of Béarn, swore their oath of allegiance. The nobles of Espiute had access to the Béarn estates until the 18th century . There was a pastor , a lay monastery that was dependent on the Viscount of Béarn, and a pilgrim hostel to receive pilgrims on the Camino de Santiago to Santiago de Compostela . As with many communities in Béarn in the 16th century, Espiute was also involved in witch hunts . In February 1593, four women from the parish, Marquesine de Noguees, Guirautine de Claverie, Johanine de Crestiaa and Cathaline Detchart, were arrested, accused of sorcery and imprisoned in the prison of the castle in Saveterre.
Toponyms and mentions of Espiute were
- Spiute and Spiuta (1548, collection of manuscripts from the 16th to 18th centuries),
- Sent Barthelemy d'Espiuta (1608, publications of the Diocese of Oloron ),
- Espiute (1750, map by Cassini ),
- Espieute (1793, Notice Communale) and
- Espiute (1801, Notice Communale).
Population development
After a peak in the number of inhabitants of 300 in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell by around two thirds with short growth phases by the 1950s. Since then, the number of residents has stabilized at around 100.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 110 | 100 | 85 | 119 | 108 | 97 | 112 | 108 | 108 |
Attractions
- Parish church dedicated to the Apostle Bartholomew . The church, probably built in the middle of the cemetery in the 18th century, was restored in the second half of the 19th century. The entrance porch and the wall painting, a work of the pastor and artist Xavier Montaut from Oloron-Sainte-Marie, were realized. The nave contains a nave , an attached sacristy extends the apse of the long structure. You enter the church through an entrance with a pointed arch , the floor inside is covered with stone tiles. In the choir , which is clad with paneling , stands the curved altar decorated with foliage , on which a Christ monogram and two putti heads can be seen. A tabernacle , a statue of the patron saint of the church, St. Bartholomew, a baptismal font and two holy water basins complete the furnishings of the church.
- Castle of Espiute. It was built at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century as a new building of the earlier castle, which was destroyed by fire. The three-storey, U-shaped building now houses a facility for integrating people with disabilities into working life .
- House Garay. The aristocratic seat has been known since the 14th century and has been heavily rebuilt since then. In the 17th century it belonged to Jeanean de Garay and included the traditional outbuildings courtyard, barns and garden. At that time, the landlord also had a grave in front of the church entrance and the right to have his flour milled free of charge. Today the house serves as a community center and the town hall is set up in a large tower. The dating of the erection of the tower is difficult due to the lack of reliable documents. It is believed to be the remnant of a vanished good. Selected pebbles from the Saison River have been built here in a herringbone pattern . This technique was used on buildings that had not been plastered, which would obscure the delicacy of the architectural style.
- Mill of Moulia. It was undoubtedly built in the 19th century, at a time when the nobles' privilege to grind fell and numerous water mills were built along the Gaven and its tributaries. The mill construction specialists often came from the north and it is not surprising that the design of the mill is not typical of the Bearn, apart from the large, low-hanging roof. The grinding device is no longer there, but the damming of the water is evidence of an activity that is now forgotten.
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture is one of the most important economic factors in the municipality. Espiute is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".
total = 8
traffic
The commune is crossed by Route départementale 316.
Web links
- Atlas du Patrimoine Historique et Culturel with images from Espiute (French)
- Website of the Tourist Office of the Association of Municipalities (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ma commune: Espiute ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Espiute ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on December 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 61f. 1863. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Espiute ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune d'Espiute (64215) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Espiute (64215) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Barthélemy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 9, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Château d'Espiute ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 18, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Maison Garay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 18, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Tour de la maison Garay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 18, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Moulin de Moulia ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 18, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Espiute (64215) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on May 18, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
