Jasses
| Jasses | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 19 ′ N , 0 ° 45 ′ W | |
| height | 119-271 m | |
| surface | 5.22 km 2 | |
| Residents | 138 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 26 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64190 | |
| INSEE code | 64281 | |
Jasses is a French municipality with 138 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie (until 2016: Arrondissement Bayonne ) and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: Canton Navarrenx ).
The inhabitants are called Jassois or Jassoises .
geography
Jasses is located about 20 km northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Navarrenx | ||
| Sus |
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Ogenne camp site |
| Gurs | Dognen |
Jasses lies in the catchment area of the River Adour and lies on the left bank of the Gave d'Oloron , a tributary of the Gave de Pau . Three right tributaries of the Gave d'Oloron, the Layous, the Laus and the Arroder, flow through the territory of the municipality.
history
In the forest east of today's center of the municipality there was a Roman military camp , called Butte des Maures . Excavations of bones in the vicinity, which date from early history , show a settlement before the Gallo-Roman period .
The moth , under whose protection the community developed, dates back to the 11th century and was mentioned in the scriptures as Jaces . In 1309, the landlord of Jasses wrote a charter laying down the privileges of his vassals . In return for being released from their obligations as vassals, they had to pay a heavy tax, depending on the size of the land they were cultivating. In the census in 1385, 22 households were counted in Jasses and the location was noted as belonging to the Bailliage of Navarrenx . 1664 Jasses became the Barony levied. During the French Revolution , the Marquis de Jasses was elected the first President of the National Legislative Assembly. His estates comprised 32 fiefdoms , including 17 manors. Nevertheless, his castle in Jasses was subsequently destroyed by revolutionaries.
In the period that followed, several thermal baths were set up in Jasses. From the first half of the 19th century, the community's economy developed through a factory for the production of professional stockings.
Toponyms and mentions of Jasses were:
- Jaces and Iaçes (1193, copy book of Sauvelade monastery ),
- Sent Bertomiu de Iasses (1388, notaries of Navarrenx) and
- Jasses (1750, map by Cassini ).
Population development
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the size of the community could be kept at a level of over 300 inhabitants, before the number of inhabitants fell to around 140 today.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 197 | 170 | 215 | 184 | 144 | 137 | 131 | 154 | 138 |
Attractions
Parish church
The church of Romanesque origin is dedicated to the Apostle Bartholomew and is traditionally surrounded by a cemetery. In 1890 a project to restore and expand the church began and was completed a year later. It included the construction of the bell tower as the entrance porch of the single-nave nave and two side chapels that look like a transept from the outside. The nave was equipped with a barrel vault and is now closed with an apse with a boiler vault . The porch is covered with a false groin vault.
The Romanesque entrance portal is an original element of the restored building. The granite material turned pink in a fire when Protestant troops ravaged the church around 1569 during the Huguenot Wars . The portal measures 3.60 m in height and 3.30 m in width. It is embedded in a round arch with three archivolts in its garment , the outer one of which is patterned like a checkerboard. The arches rest on a cornice , also decorated like a chessboard , which is supported by two Corinthian columns .
During the renovation work at the end of the 19th century, three stained glass windows , works by the renowned Mauméjean stained glass from Pau , were used. They fill out three round arches and depict the life of Mary , mother of Jesus Christ . The middle window shows two scenes on a decorative background, below the birth of Jesus, above the Assumption of Mary . In the right window, Mary kneels weeping for the body of her son after he was deposed from the cross .
The altar in the side chapel, dedicated to Joseph of Nazareth , is made of gray patterned marble and rests on a black plinth on a pedestal on wood. The wall behind the altar sets the aesthetic framework with painted brown stripes and ornaments with irises . On the front of the altar is a large white cross bordered with gold. A marble tabernacle rests on a two-tiered top on the altar. At the top it has a protruding cornice with a marble pedestal and a gilded metal crucifix . The front of the tabernacle shows ornaments in the form of diamonds as inlaid in the marble next to its small gilded door.
Another altar of the church, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, is made of white marble with gray grain. Similar to the other altar, there is also a tabernacle on a two-tiered tower. Foliage , palm branches and monogram are engraved and gilded for decoration. The front of the altar is structured by two lateral pilaster ornaments, which frame a blind arcade made of small columns and basket arches that runs over the entire front of the altar . The wall behind the altar sets the frame with painted green stripes and is also decorated with irises.
The pulpit is designed in a simple form, according to the prevailing taste of the first half of the 17th century. It is built floating on a pillar with a narrow, winding staircase as access. The polygonal pulpit consists of rectangular, double-row panels , in the upper row with reliefs of rectangles, in the lower row with reliefs of rhombuses. The bottom of the basket is closed with a hanging twisted shape. The sound cover takes up the polygonal plan of the basket. Its top is decorated with motifs that together form a closed crown.
The parish church of Jasses has three paintings depicting Mary, the Apostle Bartholomew and the Evangelist John . The first picture shows the motif of the Immaculate Conception , a dogma of the doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church , according to which Mary was saved from every stain of original sin . This is symbolized by a crown consisting of twelve stars floating above Maria's head, the moon on which she stands and the snake that creeps around her feet. The latter is a symbol of the demon referring to a passage in the text of Revelation to John . Other common features of the motif are the large blue coat that Maria wears and the flock of putti surrounding her . The picture of the patron saint of the church, the Apostle Bartholomew, dates from the 19th century and shows him with a book in his left hand. Bartholomäus is the patron saint of many professions, including bookbinding . The third oil painting shows the evangelist John on the back of an eagle, his evangelist symbol . He wears a parchment as a symbol of his gospel .
Castle of Jasses
Built in the 16th century, the castle was owned by the family of the Marquis de Jasses until the French Revolution. In 1792 it was set on fire by revolutionaries on the night of 16th to 17th Brumaire (6th to 7th November), after which the Marquis and his family had to leave the region. The current building is a reconstruction of the 18th century and has only a few elements of the original structure. A two-armed staircase allows access to the three-storey building, whose small hatches with gable roofs illuminate the attic.
House in Jasses
The house, not far from the parish church, shows all the characteristics of the Bearner architectural style. The facade shows itself through a carefully formed symmetry. In the middle there is a large entrance gate which, despite its agricultural function, is worked out with a well-proportioned basket arch shape. The homogeneity of the facade, which is reinforced by the white framing of the windows, continues with the roof, which has the shape of a high hipped roof typical of the Béarn . The dormer windows that provide light and ventilation to the large attic storey are precisely aligned with the windows on the two floors below.
Jasses watermill
Since the economic activities in Jasses in the 17th century were largely based on agriculture, a mill was required to process the cultivated grain into flour. The three-storey building was erected over the Layous river. The attic, which is illuminated by small dormers with pitched roofs, served as a granary. Although the building has now been converted into a residential home, the interior is still two levels for the water that powers the millstone , which rotates on a second, immovable millstone.
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture and "green" tourism are the main economic factors in the municipality. Then there is the handicraft, which is represented by a cabinet-making workshop in Jasses. Jasses is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".
total = 10
traffic
Jasses is crossed by Routes départementales 2 and 27 and is connected to other municipalities in the department by a line from the Transports 64 bus network .
Web links
- Jasses on the website of the former municipal association (French)
- "Transports 64" bus from the department (French)
- Website of the tourist office of the current association of municipalities (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Information on the “Kintoa” ham on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Jasses ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ^ Touron des Maures ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 85, 1863. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Jasses ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Jasses (64281) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ↑ Église Saint-Barthélemy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Portail roman de l'église Saint-Barthélémy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Vitraux de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Autel Saint-Joseph de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Tabernacle de l'autel Saint-Joseph de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Autel de la Vierge de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Chaire de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Tableau de la Vierge de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Tableau de saint Barthélemy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Tableau de saint Jean de l'église de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Château de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Demeure à Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Moulin de Jasses ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Jasses (64281) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on June 24, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
