Audaux
| Audaux | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 22 ′ N , 0 ° 47 ′ W | |
| height | 98-229 m | |
| surface | 7.33 km 2 | |
| Residents | 164 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 22 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64190 | |
| INSEE code | 64075 | |
| Website | www.audaux.fr | |
 Castle of Audaux |
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Audaux is a French municipality with 164 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: canton of Navarrenx ).
geography
Audaux is approx. 28 km northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
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Castetbon Loubieng |
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Ossenx Araujuzon |
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| Araux | Vlichenave-de-Navarrenx |
Audaux is located in the catchment area of the Adour River on the right bank of the Gave d'Oloron , a tributary of the Gave de Pau . The following tributaries of the Gave d'Oloron cross the local area:
- the Saleys and its tributary, the Herré,
- both streams, called Ruisseau les Barthes,
- the Ruisseau de Labaigt and its tributary, the Ruisseau Gouarin,
- the Riu Bielh.
history
On the highest elevation of the place, at the hamlet of Coos, a former prehistoric camp, incorrectly called Camp des Maures , documents an early settlement.
The origins of the feudal system in Audaux go back to the 10th century. The place was probably protected by a castle perched on a heaped hill, surrounded by a curtain wall and moat. This protection attracted many people and so there were many craftsmen towards the end of the Middle Ages, e.g. B. Bell founders, shoemakers, coppersmiths. In a census in 1385, a remarkable 84 households were counted and it was noted that the community is in the Bailliage of the Marquis of Gassion.
Paul Raymond, archivist and historian of the 19th century, noted the first mention of Audaux under the name Aldaus in the 11th century according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn . The place was mentioned later in 1178 under the name Audaus , entered on the map of Cassini in 1750 under its current name, and during the French Revolution in 1801 it was listed as Andaux .
Like many other places in the Béarn, Audaux also suffered from the consequences of the Huguenot Wars . In 1569 the castle and the church were destroyed, rebuilt in the 17th century, and rebuilt in the following centuries.
Population development
After the peak of 457 inhabitants in the middle of the 18th century, the number has risen slightly to this day, e.g. B. in the 1950s, decreased by more than 60% overall.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 244 | 270 | 264 | 215 | 203 | 220 | 196 | 198 | 172 |
Culture and sights
Since 1991 a Montgolfiade has been held at the castle every year on the third weekend in July .
Buildings
- Castle of Audaux. The stone castle was first mentioned in 1423. Françoise d'Audaux married Jean de Gontaut, a lieutenant to the French king in the Périgord , in the 16th century . Her son, Armand de Gontaut, converted to Protestantism and was taken over by Johanna III. , Queen of Navarre, was appointed Lieutenant General, later Seneschal of the Béarn. In 1568 he changed camp again because he opposed the devastation of churches by the Protestant troops, and joined Baron de Terride, who had been commissioned by the king to take the Béarn for the Catholic party. After the unsuccessful siege of Navarrenx in 1569, Baron de Terride withdrew to take Orthez . The Protestant army followed the Catholic troops, and on the way to Orthez they devastated Audaux and the castle. After Armand's death in 1592, the castle was partially rebuilt in the Renaissance style . The cross-frame windows in the inner courtyard date from this time . In 1650, Jean de Gassion , President of the Parliament of Navarre, acquired the Audaux fief and with it the castle. A few years later his son carried out restoration and reconstruction of the castle, which gave it its current appearance in the baroque style with the main house and the two side wings. The castle has been home to several private teaching institutions since 1945.
- Audaux church. After the church was destroyed by Protestant troops in the Huguenot War in 1569, it was restored and enlarged in 1667, as can be seen from an inscription above the entrance. It is presented in the baroque style with a front gable, which is interrupted by a smooth medallion and a stone cross attached above. Unlike the otherwise smooth facade of the church, the bell tower is provided with natural stone masonry . The altarpiece in the Baroque style dates from the 17th century.
Economy and Infrastructure
Audaux is located in the AOC areas of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".
total = 28
traffic
Audaux is crossed by Routes départementales 27, 427 and 947, the former Route nationale 647 , and is connected to Orthez and Navarrenx and thus other communes of the department by a line from the Transports 64 bus network .
Personalities
- Isaac de Portau , known as Porthos, is the model for Alexandre Dumas for his fictional character of the same name in his novel The Three Musketeers . Born into a Protestant family from Audaux on February 2, 1617 in Pau, he was a musketeer in the French king's guard .
Web links
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière de l'AOC Porc Basque website (French)
- "Transports 64" bus from the department (French)
- Private teaching institutions Sainte-Bernadette in the castle of Audaux (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ma commune: Audaux ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ géoportail ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière . Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. S. 16. 1863. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Andaux ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Audaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 4, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune d'Audaux (64075) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Audaux (64075) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ Résumé de l'histoire d'AUDAUX ( fr ) Municipality of Audaux. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Château d'Audaux, dit de Gassion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 4, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église d'Audaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 4, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Retable de l'église d'Audaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 4, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
- ↑ List des produits par commune ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Audaux (64075) ( fr ) INSEE . Archived from the original on February 6, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
