Lucq-de-Bearn
| Lucq-de-Bearn | ||
|---|---|---|
|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Lacq-Orthez | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 17 ′ N , 0 ° 39 ′ W | |
| height | 136-329 m | |
| surface | 48.77 km 2 | |
| Residents | 934 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 19 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64360 | |
| INSEE code | 64359 | |
| Website | www.lucqdebearn.com | |
 Castle of Lucq-de-Béarn |
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Lucq-de-Béarn is a French municipality with 934 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Pau (until 2016: Arrondissement Oloron-Sainte-Marie ) and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: Canton Monein ).
The name in the Gascognischen language is Luc and comes from the Latin word "lucus" ( German holy forest ). The residents are called Lucquois and Lucquoises .
geography
Lucq-de-Béarn is located about 35 kilometers west of Pau in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Vielleségure | Lagor | Lahourcade |
|
Ogenne-Camptort Lay-Lamidou Préchacq-Navarrenx |
.svg)
|
Monein |
|
Saucède Poey-d'Oloron |
Verdets Ledeuix |
Cardesse |
Lucq-de-Béarn lies in the catchment area of the Adour River .
Geü and Laâ , tributaries of the Gave de Pau , and Auronce , Layous and Laus, tributaries of the Gave d'Oloron , flow through the territory of the municipality.
history
Settlement is conceivable as early as Gallo-Roman times . The Christianization of the country prevailed in the fourth century, and legends tell that a religious institution was founded in Lucq by a confidante of Childebert I , son of the Merovingian Frankish king Clovis I , or by Charlemagne . The establishment of the Benedictine Abbey of Saint-Vincent between 970 and 980 by Duke Wilhelm II of Gascon and the development of the community around the abbey in the following period is undoubtedly proven . The abbot was also the landlord of the surrounding parishes, the predecessor of today's parishes of Poey, Verdets, Saucède, Ogenne and Lay. From 1287 to 1289, Lucq was the scene of the visit of Edward I , King of England with his wife and the entire English court, who came here to settle a dispute between the kings of France and Aragon .
Lucq subsequently developed into one of the most important villages in the Béarn. It was also on one of the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela , which increased the number of people passing through. In the census of the Béarn in 1385, 241 households were counted and it was noted that the place belonged to the Bailliage of Navarrenx . Some of the households were abandoned, perhaps because of a plague epidemic that had raged in Béarn since the mid-14th century and did not spare this area. Two centuries later, 390 households were counted, which corresponds to a population of 2,000 to 2,500 people.
From the 1550s, Protestantism spread in Lucq as well, and in 1562 the parish church was divided between Catholics and Reformed . A year later the first Protestant pastor preached, supported by the Benedictine monks . The Huguenot Wars had a direct impact on Lucq and the abbey in 1569. After the estates expelled from Pau had gathered here, the abbey was looted by Protestant troops in August and the village was partially damaged. It was not until 1608 that the practice of the Catholic denomination was permitted again as a result of the Edict of Nantes . To compensate for this, a Protestant church was built for the Protestant community in Lucq. Following a papal decree, the Benedictines were replaced by Barnabites in 1610 in order to carry out the recatholicization in Lucq in the course of the Counter Reformation . The religious priests Maurice Olgiati and Fortuné de Colom, who came from Lucq, carried out this task with success.
The abbey never recovered from the aftermath of the war and remained in the possession of the Barnabites until the French Revolution . It was sold as a church property in 1791 to the merchant Pascal Elie from Pau, whose descendants are still the owners today. In the 19th century, an emigration movement hit the community. More than 500 Lucquois emigrated to America, mainly to Argentina and California . The First World War took the lives of almost 90 residents.
Toponyms and mentions of Lucq-de-Béarn were:
- Villa de Luco, villa quoe vocatur Luc and Sanctus-Vincentius de Sylva-Bona (10th and 11th centuries, copy book of Lucq's compartment),
- Lucus (1323, census of the Béarn),
- Sent-Bisentz de Luc and lo mostier de Sent-Vinssentz de Luc (1365 and 1426, notaries from Lucq),
- Luc (1750 and 1793, map by Cassini and Notice Communale, respectively) and
- Lucq (1801, Bulletin des lois ).
Population development
After the peak of the population of over 2,600 in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell to around 930 during short recovery phases until the 1990s, before stabilizing at a level of around 960 inhabitants in the following period.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 1,220 | 1,100 | 1,021 | 1.007 | 933 | 969 | 966 | 971 | 934 |
Attractions
Parish church dedicated to Vincent de Valencia
The appearance of the Benedictine abbey , founded in the 10th century, led to the foundation of the abbey church around 1020, which is now the parish church of the community. The apse and the apsidioles were added in the 12th century, the bell tower and the western entrance portal were built in the 15th century. The tall, rectangular bell tower is framed by buttresses that still show traces of elements used for defense purposes, such as B. Consoles or holes in the outer walls for attaching battlements . The door of the entrance portal has the shape of a basket arch and is decorated with a keel arch and conical pinnacles above the entrance .
In 1569 the church was destroyed by Protestant troops under Gabriel de Lorges , Count of Montgomery, and then converted into a Protestant church. In 1608 it was converted back into a Catholic church. In the 17th century the nave and the two side aisles were rebuilt, in 1717 the northern entrance was built, above which an inscription with a cartouche can still be seen today. In addition to the year, next to a cross, you can still see lettering that can be read today despite its gaps: "Ave Maria" and "Porte du ciel" ( German Heavenly Gate ). In 1757 a wall painting was carried out in the third bay of the north aisle of Ribère from Oloron . In 1884 the architect Gabriel Serres from Pau proposed a restoration project that involved the restoration of the now collapsed apse and the northern apsidiole and the addition of a sacristy on the north side. Work began four years later. In 1887 three glass windows by the glass painter Claudius Lavergne were delivered from Paris, and in 1932 a glass window by the glass painter Pierre Arcencam from Pau.
Due to the additions and renovations over the centuries, today's church has a certain complexity of architecture. The Romanesque style can be seen well on the southern apsidiole, on the southeast corner and the south wall of the transept . Elements that were added later, however, show characteristics of the Gothic style such as B. the entrance portal on the bell tower. Interesting details are still visible today in the form of geometrical figures or initials on the walls of the church, which date from the original construction. These were attached by the respective stonemason to his stone after completion of the desired size. In this way the weekly wages of the workers were determined, paid by order rather than time.
One of the most remarkable pieces of equipment in the church is a mysterious sarcophagus made of white marble , which was found in the nave in the 19th century without a lid . The way it was worked, especially the front, allows it to be dated to the 4th or 5th century. It is an early Christian artifact that is unique in the Béarn. The representations on the sarcophagus are made as a bas-relief and show scenes from the Old and New Testament , the miraculous multiplication of the bread , the raising of Lazarus , Daniel in the lions' den , the fall of man , the sacrifice of Isaac . Only the identity of the person buried in this sarcophagus is unclear. Today it stands at the entrance of the choir and serves as an altar .
At the south end of the transept inside the parish church there is an altarpiece that dates from the 17th century. A central panel shows a depiction of the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist worked as a bas-relief. Jesus is surrounded by angels and the dove of the Holy Spirit hovers over his head. The gable is dedicated to an illustration by God the Father . The relief panel is surrounded by serpentine columns and large volutes , which is reminiscent of similar altarpieces in churches in the Ossau valley.
Another extraordinary object of the church is a 150 cm high statue of a Madonna with baby Jesus from the 18th century. Mary, standing upright, carries the baby Jesus on her left arm and a scepter in her right hand. The work has been classified as a Monument historique since 1975 .
The church has a wooden pulpit from the 18th century, which is attached to a pillar. Your basket is provided with panels whose painted decor in beige, pink and green tones creates an imitation marble. This decoration is continued on the cheek of the staircase, which hugs the pillar. The basket rests on a free-floating base that is painted with scallops , symbols of the Camino de Santiago to Santiago de Compostela. The sound cover is carried by two cherubs and in turn carries an angel blowing trumpet, who also carries a palm leaf and an open bay. The pulpit has been classified as a monument historique since 1984 .
Tower of the former abbey
From the destroyed abbey, a tall tower remains next to the abbey church, which is the current parish church. It dates from the 15th century and was probably used as a watchtower. According to the Gothic style, it shows a polygonal section in the lower part on which a cylindrical tower is placed. Only in its upper part do small windows illuminate the interior of the building.
Town hall with a former market hall
The building in the center of the village expresses the influence of 19th century architecture on the local style. The elegant facade is a mixture of the Béarnian style with classicism , which can be recognized by the triangular gable. Certain elements of the Béarn architecture are nonetheless present, the use of pebbles and the type of plaster . The flatter slope of the roof, on the other hand, reflects an external influence. A commemorative plaque is attached to the outside wall of the building in recognition of the community's volunteer fighters who supported the Maquisards , French partisans of the Resistance , in 1944 and 1945 in World War II . A market hall, in which the market was held for a long time, is inserted in the ground floor of the town hall building. It opens outwards via three large arcades .
Montalibet dovecote
The extensive Montalibet estate includes u. a. a dovecote. It consists of a brick building with a square floor plan that can be entered through a simple door. Its slate- covered tent roof has a dormer window on one side. At the top of the roof is a brick lantern with ten triangular nesting holes. The fiefdom on which the dovecote stands has existed since 1618 and is also shown on the Cassini map. The dovecote itself bears the years “1779” and “1889” on the south side of the lantern. Like the estate, it was restored towards the end of the 20th century.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economy of the municipality is primarily determined by agriculture, in particular grain production, cattle breeding and viticulture. The Saint Martin family, owners of the Le Bois Sacré winery , are the fifth generation of AOC Jurançon wines to grow and welcome those interested for a commented tour, tasting and sale.
Lucq-de-Béarn is located in the AOC zones of the Jurançon and Béarn wine-growing regions and of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made cheese made from sheep's milk.
total = 120
education
Lucq-de-Béarn has a public preschool and elementary school with 65 students in the 2017/2018 school year.
sport and freetime
The Vallons du Layous circular route starts in the center of Lucq-de-Béarn and runs over a length of 8.7 km and an altitude difference of 240 m above sea level. a. over the ridges on both sides of the valley of the Layous.
The handball club “Handball Lucq-de-Béarn” is at home in Lucq-de-Béarn. The team of his women's department lost in the final of the Coupe de France départementale in 2017 in the final against the team from Douvres-la-Délivrande with 23:29.
traffic
Lucq-de-Béarn can be reached via routes départementales 2, 25 and 110.
Personalities
- Pierre Lauga, born on 17 January 1992 Lucq-de-Bearn, died on July 7 in Vichy was a player of Rugby Union with four appointments to the French national team in 1950. He won in 1946 with the section paloise the French Championship.
- Louis Favoreu, born on September 5, 1936 in Lucq-de-Béarn, died on September 1, 2004 in Aix-en-Provence , was a lawyer and taught constitutional and administrative law in Aix-en-Provence.
- Marcel Ophüls , born on November 1, 1927 in Frankfurt am Main , is an Oscar- winning French director and documentary filmmaker . He lives in seclusion in Lucq-de-Béarn.
Web links
- Website of the association La Route des Vins du Jurançon (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Pyrénées-Atlantiques Gentilé ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ a b c Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d L'histoire ( fr ) Municipality of Lucq-de-Béarn. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 105, 106, 1863. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Lucq-de-Béarn (64359) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ a b église paroissiale Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Clocher-porche de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Porte de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Inscriptions de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Marque de tâcheron de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Sarcophage de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Détail du retable de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ statue: Vierge à l'Enfant ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Statue Vierge à l'Enfant de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ chaire à prêcher ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Chaire à prêcher de l'église Saint-Vincent-Diacre ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Tour de l'abbaye de Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Mairie de Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Plaque commémorative de la mairie de Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Halle de Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Pigeonnier Montalibet ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Le Bois Sacré ( fr ) Tourist office of the Coeur de Béarn in Monein and Orthez. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Lucq-de-Béarn (64359) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Circuit N ° 32 Lucq-de-Béarn ( fr , PDF) Tourist office of the Coeur de Béarn in Monein and Orthez. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Château de Lacarre dit château Harispe ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Handball: Lucq-de-Béarn échoue en finale de la coupe de France départementale ( fr ) Sud Ouest (newspaper). July 3, 2015. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
