Garos
| Garos | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Artix and Pays de Soubestre | |
| Community association | Luys en Bearn | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 30 ′ N , 0 ° 28 ′ W | |
| height | 94-236 m | |
| surface | 12.06 km 2 | |
| Residents | 257 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 21 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64410 | |
| INSEE code | 64234 | |
 Garos Town Hall |
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Garos is a French municipality with 257 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . The community belongs to the Arrondissement Pau and Canton Artix et Pays de Soubestre (2015: Canton Arzacq-Arraziguet ).
The name in the Gascognischen language is Garròs . The inhabitants are called Garossiens and Garossiennes .
geography
Garos is about 30 km north of Pau in the historic province of Béarn on the northern edge of the department.
Garos is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Piets-Plasence-Moustrou | Cabidos | Arzacq-Arraziguet |
| Morlanne |
.svg)
|
Louvigny |
| bouillon |
Uzan Larreule |
Fichous-Riumayou |
Garos lies in the catchment area of the Adour River . One of its tributaries, the Luy de France , flows through the municipality together with one of its tributaries, the Ruisseau de la Rance.
history
Garos developed around a moth on a steep hill in the 12th century . A manor was formed, which in 1375 received Gaston Fébus , Viscount of Béarn. This location, which is unique from a military point of view because of its geographical location, became a meeting place for the Bearner troops in the 16th century, especially during the Huguenot Wars , when the community received around a thousand arquebusiers during the mobilization .
Its location on one of the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela gave the development a further boost. In 1385 Garos was one of the largest settlements in the Béarn and the census counted 89 households. In 1343 the municipality became the headquarters of the Bailliage , later a canton. In Garos and in today's district of Jagou there were two lay monasteries as vassals of the Vicomté of Béarn and of the Bailliage of Garos.
The pottery trade developed in the community from the 14th century and gained increasing importance until the beginning of the 20th century. The craftsmen in Garos developed a technique that gives the clay the consistency of stoneware . At that time, every farm had a simple kiln, as numerous finds prove.
Toponyms and mentions of Garos were:
- Garos (12th century, documents of the Order of Malta ),
- Guaros (1342, notaries of Pardies ) and
- Gayros (1385, census in the Béarn).
Population development
After a peak in the number of 768 inhabitants in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell by around three quarters in short periods of growth by the 1990s. Since then, the number of residents has increased steadily again.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 271 | 239 | 203 | 207 | 186 | 191 | 209 | 222 | 257 |
Attractions
- Parish church dedicated to the Apostle Bartholomew . The parish archives were lost in a fire in the parsonage in 1731 , so that little is known about the history of the parish. It is believed that the previous building was the former Sainte-Catherine chapel of the medieval motte. The simple, Romanesque building was enlarged in the first half of the 19th century. The nave is flanked by two sacristies and finished off with a wide, semicircular apse . In 1834 the bell and the bell tower were restored. Around 1896 the wall paintings in the interior of the church and the glass windows were renewed. At the foot of the four-story bell tower, the entrance portal with a round arch allows access to the church. Above the portal there is a monogram of Christ from the 12th century, which comes from a former, destroyed cemetery church and was placed there in the course of restoration work. It is round, measures 30 cm in diameter and is held by two figures without legs who are dressed in the same tunic . A Latin cross protrudes above the Christ monogram. Usually, such a symbol contains, in addition to mostly stylized classical characters from the Greek alphabet Chi ("X") and Rho ("P") for the first letters of the Greek word Xristos ( German Christ ), the characters for alpha and omega , for the The beginning and the end stand. The alpha is missing from this monogram and the omega appears twice.
- Moth of Garos. The artificial hill high above the valley of the Ruisseau de la Rance and one of its tributaries, on which the mound castle was located in the Middle Ages, can still be seen from afar. The castle was first mentioned in the 13th century, repaired and further fortified on instructions from Gaston Fébus in 1375. It was thus part of the defense system of the Vicomté of Béarn.
- Garos watermill. It is located on the banks of the Luy de France, from which a 300 m long canal branches off the water dammed up by a dam that sets the water wheel in motion. It was built before 1630 and entered on the Cassini map . The mill belonged to the Castle of Cabidos and was sold in 1902 to Jean "Yanin" Grandis. The family milled wheat for the local baker for three generations until 1970, an era when consumers paid for bread with the grain they harvested. At the initiative of the Arzacq Tourist Office, André and Jany Rey, great-great-granddaughter of Jean Grandis, took over the building. After a long period of restoration, the mill can be viewed in full function, including explanations in French, Spanish and Bearner.
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture is one of the most important economic factors in the municipality.
total = 20
traffic
Garos is crossed by Routes départementales 262, 297 and 834, the former Route nationale 134 .
Web links
- Arzacq-Morlanne en terre de Soubestre Tourist Office website (French)
- Garos watermill website (French)
- Garos on the map by Cassini 1750
Individual evidence
- ↑ Garos ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d Garos ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Garos ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 67, 84, 1863. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Garos ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Garos (64234) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Garos (64234) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Barthélemy de Garos ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 30, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Chrisme de l'église Saint-Barthélemy de Garos ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 30, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Motte féodale de Garos ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on May 30, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Le moulin de Garos ( fr ) André and Jany Rey, owners of the mill. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Garos (64234) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on May 30, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
