Mont (Pyrénées-Atlantiques)
| Mont | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Artix and Pays de Soubestre | |
| Community association | Lacq-Orthez | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 26 ′ N , 0 ° 39 ′ W | |
| height | 69-202 m | |
| surface | 18.24 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,124 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 62 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64300 | |
| INSEE code | 64396 | |
| Website | www.mairie-mont.fr | |
.JPG) Center of Mont |
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Mont is a French commune with 1,124 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement Pau and the canton Artix et Pays de Soubestre (until 2015: canton Lagor ).
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geography
Mont is located about 35 km northwest of Pau in the historic province of Béarn on the northern edge of the department.
Mont is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Argagnon | Arthez-de-Bearn | |
| Maslacq |
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Lacq |
| Lagor | Abidos |
Mont lies in the catchment area of the Adour River .
The Gave de Pau crosses the territory of the municipality together with its tributaries,
history
With effect from January 1, 1972, the municipalities of Arance, Gouze, Lendresse and Mont have merged to form the new municipality of Mont. The main seat of the new municipality is Mont, but the other municipalities received the status of Communes associées and thus retain certain competencies and u. a. Your Name.
The 1385 census counted 33 households in Mont, 27 in Arance, 20 in Gouze and 16 in Lendresse. All villages belonged to the Bailliage of Pau.
Mont
A prehistoric camp, numerous barrows and artifacts from the Gallo-Roman period are evidence of early settlement on the ancient salt road that crossed the municipality. The name of the settlement Mont was mentioned for the first time in 1056 in the copial book of the Sauvelade monastery , another mention was made in 1088. In the 18th century, Mont gained a certain importance with the seat of an archpriesthood that comprised 23 parishes.
Toponyms and mentions of Mont were:
- Villa de Mont and Mon (1235 and 1538, respectively, manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries) and
- Mont (1750, 1793 and 1801, map from Cassini , Notice Communale and Bulletin des lois, respectively ).
Arance
Arance was first mentioned in 1343 by notaries from Pardies . Since 1385 there has been a ferry across the Gave near Arance. The residents had the privilege of grazing their cattle on the landlord's fallow fields . The gas industry on the Lacq natural gas field began in 1949 with the first well by the Société nationale des pétroles d'Aquitaine (SNPA), a predecessor company of the later Elf Aquitaine company . In 1951, drilling was carried out at a greater depth and the first gas production sites were set up; systematic production began in April 1957.
Toponyms and mentions of Arance were:
- Aransse (1383, Treaties of Luntz, Notary des Béarn, sheet 65),
- Aransia (1451, notaries from Lucq ),
- Aransa (1538, manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
- Arance (1750, map by Cassini),
- Arence (1793, Notice Communale ) and
- Arance (1801, Bulletin des lois ).
Gouze
The records convey the right of the lord of Gouze to own a ship to cross the Gave and a water mill.
Toponyms and mentions of Gouze were:
- Goza (1270, documents of the archdeaconate of Ossau),
- Goze (1286, documents from the Vicomté des Béarn),
- Gose (13th century, fors de Béarn , manuscript from the 14th century),
- Guoze (1385, census in the Béarn),
- Goosse (1487, register of holdings in the Béarn),
- Gouze (1750, map by Cassini),
- Gonze (1793, Notice Communale ) and
- Gouze (1801, Bulletin des lois ).
Lendresse
Lendresse was subordinate to his lay monastery , a vassal of the Viscount of Béarn, and the jurisdiction of his landlord. The village was right on one of the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela . In the Middle Ages , when the Gave was low, there was a ford for pilgrims and farmers and when the tide was high, there was a ferry to cross the river. On the left side of the Gave there was a monastery with a chapel for the reception of the pilgrims. In Lendresse they were also able to deposit their money in a safe place to pick it up on the way back because pilgrims were often robbed on their way to Santiago at this time.
Toponyms and mentions of Lendresse were:
- Landresse (11th century, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn , p. 399),
- Landressa (1194, copy book of the Sauvelade monastery ),
- Lendressa (1235, collection of manuscripts from the 16th to 18th centuries) and
- Lendresse (1750, 1793 and 1801, map by Cassini, Notice Communale or Bulletin des lois ).
Population development
Until it was united with the three other municipalities, the population of Mont reached its highs of around 480 in the middle of the 19th century. This fell to 250 by the 1950s, before Mont began to grow. With the merger in 1972, the population rose abruptly to over 700 and the new municipality of Mont has continued to grow significantly to this day.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 267 | 285 | 729 | 728 | 818 | 845 | 964 | 1,016 | 1,124 |
Town twinning
Mont has been twinning since 1983 with:
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Geiselhöring in Bavaria .
Attractions
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Parish Church of Mont
The church , consecrated to Peter , was built in 1834 as a replacement for the former parish church, which had stood elsewhere and was demolished after construction was completed. A corresponding year above the main entrance confirms this dating. A narthex , a single-storey vestibule closed with a wrought-iron grille, is located under the bell tower , which is completely covered with slate . On top of this is a hood with a roof turret, at the top of which a wrought-iron cross decorated with arabesques rises. The bell tower is also surrounded by a small gallery . The interior choir is decorated in the neo-Romanesque style. The single nave nave is supplemented by a southern side chapel . The holy water font dates from the 16th century.
Parish Church of Arance
Several successive restorations of the parish church of Arance, consecrated to the Apostle Bartholomew , resulted in some enlargements. In the 19th century the bell tower and a north aisle were added and the windows were restored. The stained glass windows are the work of the glass painter Montaut from Pau. The nave has a false barrel vault , the choir has paneling as a ceiling. The aisle is separated from the main nave by a series of narrow pillars. The side altar is made of multicolored wood, its reredos from the 17th century are made of gilded wood and depicts angels and biblical scenes. A special feature of the cemetery that surrounds the parish church is the south-western area, which is reserved for the graves of the deceased of Protestant denominations is. A small fenced-in area in the northeast corner is the resting place of the Forcade family, the last landlords of Arance.
Parish Church of Gouze
The parish church of Gouze, dedicated to St. Peter ad Vincula , dates from the end of the 19th century and is a new building from an earlier church. The small church has a narrow bell tower and a single nave nave. The interior is kept in a functional style. The half-domed vault of the choir was painted in 1913 by the painter Joseph Castaing from Pau.
Parish Church of Lendresse
The parish church of Lendresse, consecrated to Martin von Tours , was built in the 19th century and is characterized by its simplicity. Its bell tower has a helmet with a pyramid roof . The side entrance also leads to the cemetery, which was laid out at the same time as the church. The light only falls through narrow windows on one side of the single-nave nave. In 1889 four stained glass windows depicting religious people were installed, two of them by the glass painter Auguste Montaut from Oloron and two by the glass painter Louis Gesta from Toulouse . The altar is embellished with a gilded leather antependium and a retable from the 18th century. The antependium is divided into five fields. The middle one shows a Madonna with baby Jesus , the other four illustrate foliage and flowers, such as B. tulips and carnations, in vases with goddess . These multi-colored motifs have been worked as a relief against a gold-colored background.
Former monastery of Muret
The geographical location on a hill on the left bank of the Gave prompted the foundation of a monastery around 1059. The associated chapel is the first Romanesque church in Béarn to be consecrated to the Blessed Virgin Mary . The Viscounts of Béarn had fortifications built on the summit in the 15th century, the remains of which are still visible today. The local monks , like most of the monasteries on the Way of St. James, belonged to the Cistercian order . The monastery continued to operate until the Huguenot Wars , when it was confiscated by Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre . As a result, it was finally sold in the time of Louis XIV . At the end of the 19th century, the memory of the former monastery and its chapel was revived thanks to the owners who had a new chapel built on the site in neo-Byzantine style.
Castle of Lestapis
The most striking feature of the 19th century castle in Mont is the interlocking on the corners of the wall and the frames of windows and doors, which are formed by the alternation of bricks and white stones. Windows and hatches are decorated with gables, the roof surfaces are interrupted by several oculi . Until 2000 it was a guest house of the Elf Aquitaine company and has been empty since then. A fire destroyed the property on the night of May 3, 2017.
Castle of Lesparda
It is a little remote south of Gouze. The facades of the two angled wings are arranged irregularly and show two or three floors. Dormer windows provide light and ventilation for the attic floors. The entrance, framed with teeth, probably dates from the 17th century. The Lesparda family, who gave the castle its name, were mentioned in the records at the beginning of the 18th century. The castle is now owned by the municipality.
Castle ruins in Mont
The remains of a 17th century castle, which was destroyed in 1947, suggest an earlier property that was built in the style typical of the Béarn. The walls made of pebbles and stone still support high and steeply sloping roof surfaces. The main building and all auxiliary buildings necessary for the operation of the property are grouped around an enclosed inner courtyard. The castle is located on the site of an earlier settlement, whose castle was torn down in the 15th or 16th century and was replaced by this feudal seat.
City Hall of Mont
It is a 19th century building with chimneys and interior design from that time. On the ground floor it opens with an elegant portico that supports a covered gallery on the level of the first floor over round columns.
Facho House
It was built in 1837, as evidenced by the year on a house gable, and was a convent of the Daughters of the Holy Cross , who ran a girls' school there for over a century. The complex consists of a single-storey main building, which was built perpendicular to the street, and another, flatter building, which is at right angles to the main building. Its roof turret indicates that this served as a school building. In addition to the building, the small courtyard is enclosed by a hedge and a wire fence.
Watchtower in Gouze
It recalls the location of the village in the defense system of the Béarn in the Middle Ages. The restoration in the 20th century shows the traditional construction with the usual use of pebbles and the less common use of bricks. This reflects the long existence of the tower or an external influence.
Former moth
The mound of earth on which the medieval castle of the lord of Mont stood can still be seen today. In the 17th century, the simple castle disappeared, making way for a new building called Château Blanc after the name of its last estate. The castle in turn disappeared in the 19th century.
Economy and Infrastructure
Mont is located in the AOC zone of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk. Industrial companies u. a. chemistry, beverage packaging and electromechanics have settled in Mont. The largest employer in the municipality is the Arkema chemical plant with 251 employees (2016).
total = 107
education
- Mont has a public preschool and elementary school with 125 students in the 2017/2018 school year.
- The Maison Familiale Rurale (MFR) in Mont is a teaching institution for dual training u. a. in the fields of agriculture, care for the elderly and the sick.
sport and freetime
- The long-distance hiking trail GR 65 from Geneva to Roncesvalles leads over a short stretch over the municipality on the left bank of the Gave. It follows the Via Podiensis , one of the four historic St. James' paths.
- A nature trail leads from the center of Lendresse over a length of 2.3 km and a height difference of 15 m along the Gave. 16 information boards provide orientation about the past and present of the community.
traffic
- Mont is crossed by Routes départementales 31, 275 and 817 (former Route nationale 117 ) and is connected to other municipalities in the department by a line from the Transports 64 bus network via Orthez and Pau.
- The Autoroute A64 , called La Pyrénéenne , also crosses the municipality, but without a direct exit to the village.
- The Toulouse – Bayonne railway runs through the town without stopping.
Personalities
Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier, born on September 27, 1731 in Aix-en-Provence , died on October 11, 1809 in Arance, was a French naval officer and colonial administrator. He worked u. a. in the American War of Independence and was governor of the colony of Saint-Domingue in what is now Haiti from July 26, 1789 to the end of 1790 .
Web links
- Mont on the website of the association of municipalities (French)
- "Transports 64" bus from the department (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Website of the Maison Familiale Rurale (MFR) in Mont (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ma commune: Mont ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e Mont ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Mont-Arance-Gouze-Lendresse - La fusion par association ( fr ) Municipality of Mont. Accessed September 30, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 8, 73, 99, 116, 1863. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Présentation de la commune de Mont ( fr ) Municipality of Mont. Accessed September 30, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Mont ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Présentation de la commune d'Arance ( fr ) Municipality of Mont. Accessed September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Arance ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Gouze ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Présentation de la commune de Lendresse ( fr ) Municipality of Mont. Accessed September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Lendresse ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Mont (64396) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Mont (64396) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Atlas français de la coopération décentralisée et des autres actions extérieures ( fr ) French Foreign Ministry . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Pierre ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Pierre ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Barthélemy ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Barthélemy ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Cimetière d'Arance ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Pierre-aux-Liens ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Pierre-aux-Liens ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Martin ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Devant d'autel de l'église Saint-Martin ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Site de Muret ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Château Lestapis ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Pyrénées-Atlantiques: le château Lestapis, à Mont, ravagé par un incendie ( fr ) Sud Ouest (newspaper). May 3, 2017. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Château de Lesparda ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Ruines de l'ancien château seigneurial ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Mairie de Mont ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Maison Facho ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Tour de guet à Gouze ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Ancienne motte féodale ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ L'unité de production Arkema de Mont ( fr ) Arkema . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Mont (64396) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ GR® 65, le chemin de Compostelle via le Puy ( fr ) Fédération française de la randonnée pédestre . Retrieved September 30, 2017.
- ↑ Circuit N ° 16 Sentier d'interprétation ( fr , PDF) Comité départemental du tourisme. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
