Saint-Abit
| Saint-Abit | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Ouzom, Gave et Rives du Neez | |
| Community association | Pays de Nay | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 12 ′ N , 0 ° 18 ′ W | |
| height | 224-384 m | |
| surface | 4.22 km 2 | |
| Residents | 317 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 75 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64800 | |
| INSEE code | 64469 | |
| Website | saint-abit.fr | |
 Saint-Abit town hall |
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Saint-Abit is a French municipality with 317 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Pau and the canton of Ouzom, Gave et Rives du Neez (until 2015: canton of Nay-Ouest ).
The name of the community goes back to a holy Avitus. There were several people with this name, the most famous of which is Avitus von Vienne , bishop in the 5th and 6th centuries. But there was also a hermit in the 6th century Périgord , an abbot of Saint-Mesmin de Micy abbey in the 6th century, and a bishop of Clermont in the 6th century.
The inhabitants are called Saint-Abitois and Saint-Abitoises .
geography
Saint-Abit is located about 15 km southeast of Pau in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Pardies-Piétat | ||
| Bosdarros |
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Boeil-Bezing |
| Arros-de-Nay |
Saint-Abit is located in the catchment area of the Adour River .
The Luz , a tributary of the Gave de Pau , crosses the municipality with its tributaries, the Gest and the Canal de l'Escourre.
history
Saint-Abit was first mentioned in the records in the 13th century. At Easter 1286, Arnaud de Saint-Avit and Bernard de Saint-Avit swore the feudal oath to the Viscount Gaston VII of Béarn. One of his successors, the Viscount Gaston Fébus , awarded the captain of his army, Arnaud-Guilhem de Saint-Avit, the title of abbot of the lay monastery of Saint-Abit in 1373. In 1385 the village belonged to the Bailliage of Pau. There were 26 households in the Béarn census in the same year. Since a household represented an average of four people, Saint-Abit had about 104 inhabitants at that time. In a new census in 1553, 56 households were counted. From the 16th century there were two competing lay monasteries. Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre , introduced Protestantism into her territory as a form of resistance to the expansion policy of the French crown. Jean de Saint-Abit refused allegiance and was expelled from the country. His properties were confiscated on the basis of an order in September or October 1569. The parish church of Saint-Pierre was closed. With the Edict of Nantes in 1598, Jean regained his property and privileges. A resolution of the Béarn Estates Assembly in 1675 stated that the manor of Saint-Abit was divided between three families, two of them presumably as lay monasteries. The Peyré family lived in the lay monastery, the Abadie de Livron family in a small castle and the Espalungue d'Arros family in a house in the village. In 1772 it was confirmed that the Peyré and Livron families owned lay monasteries and alternately nominated the pastor. However, the families united through a marriage as early as 1770.
Toponyms and mentions of Saint-Abit were:
- Sanctus-Avitus (1286, documents of the Vicomté des Béarn),
- Sentebic (13th century, fors de Béarn , manuscript from the 14th century, p. 75),
- Sent-Abit en Lissarre (1375, contracts of the notary Luntz, sheet 125),
- Sanct-Vit (1501, notaries from Nay , No. 1, sheet 61),
- Sancta-Bit (1538, reformation de Béarn , manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
- Saint Abit (1750 and 1793, map by Cassini or Notice Communale ),
- Abit (1801, Bulletin des Lois ) and
- Saint-Abit (1863, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées).
Population development
After an initial high of around 370 inhabitants in the middle of the 19th century, the number fell to around 150 by the 1970s. Since then, there has been a significant growth trend that has more than doubled the size of the community.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 170 | 166 | 150 | 168 | 195 | 274 | 347 | 363 | 317 |
Attractions
- Former lay monastery. The property called "Bastion Labaddie" is located near the parish church. The most striking element is the part of the building, which looks like a medieval , square donjon . It has Renaissance- style cross-headed windows made of Lasseube limestone above a door with a vented gable made of the same material. The residential building is built with pebbles and limestone blocks and consists of a quadrangular wing with two floors to the west and a rectangular wing with one floor to the east, possibly added at a later time. Limestone blocks and rust-colored sandstone from Asson are inserted at the end of the southwest wall made of pebbles of various origins . An extensive restoration of the building took place in the 1990s.
- Parish church dedicated to John the Baptist . Before the parish church was closed in 1569 in connection with the ban on practicing the Catholic denomination, the parish church was consecrated to the Apostle Peter . When it reopened as part of the Edict of Nantes, the congregation decided to dedicate it to John the Baptist . This can be seen on a representation of the altar and its reredos in the choir . The altar and reredos are made of wood and date from the 17th or 18th century. There are also two paintings by Claude Gorse from Pau, a 20th century painter. The church houses two other works by the artist. In the nave , a picture illustrates the Lord's Supper , and in the side aisle another shows the Adoration of the Shepherds .
- Cenotaph for the dead. Like most parishes in France, Saint-Abit also has a memorial to commemorate the fallen soldiers of the parish. However, this monument has an unusual shape. It consists of a piece of wall with a window opening on which a soldier's helmet is placed. In addition, a list shows the names of the twelve fallen in the community in the two world wars. The irregular contour of the wall, like a ruin, illustrates the destruction, the helmet, as if taken off by a missing soldier, the desolation of war.
Economy and Infrastructure
Saint-Abit is located in the AOC des Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk.
There is an association Fermes Pédagogiques de l'Arroundade in Saint-Abit with six farms that open their doors to school classes, groups or families to get to know the farm.
Total = 31
traffic
Saint-Abit is crossed by Route départementale 37. The commune is connected to Pau, Nay and Lourdes by a line from the Transport 64 bus network .
Web links
- Atlas du Patrimoine Historique et Culturel with images from Saint-Abit (French)
- Text by Michel Pontois on the history of Saint-Abit embedded in the history of Béarn (French)
- Saint-Abit on the Association of Municipalities website (French)
- Website of the association Fermes Pédagogiques de l'Arroundade (French)
- "Transports 64" bus from the department (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Michel Pontois: Il était une fois SAINT-ABIT Village Béarnais ( fr , PDF) diamedit. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b Saint-Abit ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Saint-Abit ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 145, 1863. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Saint-Abit ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Saint-Abit (64469) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Saint-Abit (64469) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Bastion Labbadie ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Église Saint-Jean-Baptiste ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Monument aux morts de Saint-Abit ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Saint-Abit (64469) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 17, 2017.
