Moncla

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Moncla
Moncla (France)
Moncla
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Pau
Canton Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh
Community association Luys en Bearn
Coordinates 43 ° 35 ′  N , 0 ° 14 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 35 ′  N , 0 ° 14 ′  W
height 106-240 m
surface 5.83 km 2
Residents 91 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 16 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 64330
INSEE code 64392

Moncla Town Hall

Moncla is a French municipality with 91 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Pau and the canton of Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh (until 2015: canton Garlin ).

The inhabitants of the parish are called Monclanais and Monclanaises .

geography

Moncla is located about 40 kilometers north of Pau in the Vic-Bilh region of the historical province of Béarn on the northern border with the neighboring Landes and Gers departments .

The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Sarron (Landes) Projan (Gers) Loss (gers)
Garlin Neighboring communities Portet
Castetpugon

Moncla lies in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River . The Lées and its tributary of the same name, Lées, cross the territory of the municipality, as do the other tributaries, the Boulise and the Ruisseau de Lauret, which flow into the (former) Lées in the municipality.

history

A population set up early on in the area on a hill between the valleys of the Lées rivers, as the discovery of two barrows underscores. Settlement remained as the Roman road from Vicus Julii ( Aire-sur-l'Adour ) to Oppidum Novum ( Lourdes ) passed near today's municipality. In the Middle Ages , the community grew on a square moth . The census in 1385 counted four households in Moncla and it was noted that they belonged to the Bailliage of Lembeye . Despite the moderate size, there was a manor and a lay monastery, which were directly subordinate to the Viscount of Béarn.

Toponyms and mentions of Moncla were:

  • Mont-Clar (1343, manuscript of 1343),
  • Monclar (1385, census in the Béarn),
  • Mont-Claa (1487, register of holdings in the Béarn),
  • Monclaa (1548, manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries) and
  • Moncla (1750, map by Cassini ).

Population development

After a peak in the number of inhabitants of around 360 at the beginning of the 19th century, the number fell to around 90 during short periods of recovery by the 1980s, before the size of the community stabilized at a level of around 100 inhabitants, which is still held today .

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 2017
Residents 120 115 112 91 107 101 101 103 91
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006
Parish Church of Saint-Etienne
Virgin Mary statue

Attractions

  • Parish church dedicated to St. Stephen . It was built in 1850 to replace a former parish church because it was felt to be too remote. The date is underlined by a corresponding year on the inscription on the arch above the western entrance. Despite its relatively young age, traditional building materials such as pebbles and slate have been used in construction. The bell tower has a hood , the nave has two naves . The four glass windows show the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and the Saints Stefan, Leo and Joseph as motifs . They are works by the glass painter Louis-Victor Gesta and the stained glass Mauméjean from the late 19th century. Many other items of equipment date from the 18th and 19th centuries and are registered as national cultural assets.
  • Moncla Castle, seat of the Moncla landowners. The manor belonged first to the Saintes-Colome family, then to the de Forgues family. She then got through a marriage to Galactoire de Marca, son of the Béarnian historian Pierre de Marca, who sold it in 1653 to David de Benquet, whose family she kept until the French Revolution . The current building was erected in the first half of the 17th century, enlarged and heavily redesigned in the second half of the 19th century. The building with two floors and an attic is made of different materials such as: B. sandstone , pebbles, rubble stones . The castle has a garden, a horse stable, a shed, a barn, a cowshed, a poultry house, a pigsty and several wells.
  • Virgin Mary statue. A 19th century statue of the Virgin Mary is enthroned on a pedestal next to the town hall of Moncla. It is an expression of the increased devotion to Mary in Béarn as a result of the Marian apparitions in nearby Lourdes. The unusual thing is that she wears a crown next to the baby Jesus. The Christian symbols of tenderness and the status of queen of the Church and of the faithful are not often represented in one work in art.

Economy and Infrastructure

Vine of the AOC Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh

Agriculture is traditionally the most important economic factor in the municipality. Moncla is located in the AOC zones of the Béarn , Madiran and Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh wine-growing regions .

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 8

traffic

Moncla is crossed by Route départementale 143 (Gers: 101).

Web links

Commons : Moncla  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Moncla ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 27, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  2. ↑ Ma commune: Moncla ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  3. ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. S. 115, 1863. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  4. ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  5. ↑ Notice Communale Moncla ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  6. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Moncla (64392) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  7. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Moncla (64392) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  8. ↑ Eglise Saint-Etienne ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 27, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  9. ^ Eglise paroissiale Saint-Etienne ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  10. ↑ Château de Moncla ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 27, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  11. ^ Château ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  12. ^ Statue de Marie ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 27, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  13. ^ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité qualité: Rechercher-un-produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  14. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Moncla (64392) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 27, 2017.