Larreule (Pyrénées-Atlantiques)
| Larreule | ||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Artix and Pays de Soubestre | |
| Community association | Luys en Bearn | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 29 ′ N , 0 ° 28 ′ W | |
| height | 104-230 m | |
| surface | 10.05 km 2 | |
| Residents | 183 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 18 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64410 | |
| INSEE code | 64318 | |
Larreule is a French municipality with 183 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . The community belongs to the Arrondissement Pau and Canton Artix et Pays de Soubestre (2015: Canton Arzacq-Arraziguet ).
The inhabitants are called Larreulais and Larreulaises .
geography
Larreule is located about 20 km north of Pau in the historic province of Béarn on the northern edge of the department.
Larreule is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Garos | Fichous-Riumayou | |
| Uzan |
.svg)
|
Lonçon |
| Mazerolles | Momas |
Larreule is located in the catchment area of the Adour River . The Luy de Béarn flows through the northern municipality together with its tributaries Gez and Uzan .
history
At a site called Barbapodium , at the end of the 10th century, after the agreement between William II , Count of Gascon , Centulle III. , Viscount of Béarn, Arcius Raca, Bishop of Lescar , and Garcie-Loup, Viscount of Louvigny a Benedictine abbey with the name Sanctus Petrus de Regula was established. At the same time, the monks were allowed to develop the surrounding woodland. It was to become one of the three most important abbeys of the Bearn. At the beginning of the 13th century, the very prosperous monastery maintained a sizable estate and was the only one to collect the desired local tithe . At the end of the 13th century, the Benedictines founded a bastide just below the monastery, around 100 m away , from which the community gradually developed. The geographic location was ideal, the bastide was on a stretch of pilgrims on their way to Santiago de Compostela . In the census of the Béarn in 1385, 32 households were counted in Larreule and the fact that the bastide belonged to the Bailliage of Pau was recorded. The 15th century marked the beginning of the abbey's decline. During the Huguenot Wars , the abbey was destroyed in the summer of 1569 after an attack by Protestant troops under Gabriel de Lorges , Count of Montgomery. An order announced on October 2, 1569 the confiscation of church property. In 1620 the Catholic religion was reintroduced, but the abbey was never able to build on its previous heyday. A new church has subsequently been built on the rubble. In 1773 the abbey was dissolved, its archives were brought to Lescar and all other goods were taken to the seminary in Pau. In the turmoil of the French Revolution in 1789 and 1790, all buildings of the former abbey except the church were destroyed and the stones were sold. The archives were also destroyed during this period.
Toponyms and mentions of Larreule were:
- Barbapodium, Liserat and Regula (10th century, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn, p. 267),
- Conventus Reulœ Silvestrensis (1291, Gascognische Scrolls , Archives of the English Administration of Gascony),
- Le mostier de Larreule de Saubeste (1343, manuscript from 1343, sheet 33),
- La Reule (1385, census in the Béarn),
- La Reula (1538, manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
- La Reulle (1750, map by Cassini ) and
- Lareulle (1793 and 1801, Notice Communale and Bulletin des lois, respectively ).
Population development
After an initial high of around 500 inhabitants in the middle of the 19th century, the number of inhabitants fell back to a level of around 175, which is still held today, with brief recovery phases by the 1950s.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 193 | 186 | 156 | 157 | 160 | 187 | 159 | 157 | 183 |
Attractions
Parish Church of Saint Pierre de Larreule
Today's parish church is dedicated to the apostle Simon Peter . The original church was part of Larreule Abbey and was built in the 12th century. In the Huguenot Wars in 1569 the nave , the southern one of the three apsidioles and the cloister were destroyed. In the second half a sacristy was built in place of the southern apseid, at the end of the same century the western wall of the church was built. The Romanesque nave was not restored, and from that time on the former transept serves as the main nave. This gave the church a north-south orientation with a flat choir in the north. The original apse is now a chapel dedicated to Mary , Mother of Jesus Christ , the former northern apse is a chapel in honor of St. Joseph . Both chapels are provided with a boiler vault. After the abbey was abandoned in 1773, the former abbey church became the parish church of Larreule. Many of today's furnishings date from the 12th to 20th centuries and are registered as national cultural assets.
At the end of the 19th century, the square bell tower was built that protrudes from the southern facade. It has an arched wall opening on each side and is provided with a helmet covered with slate . The right of two buttresses bears an inscription that is difficult to decipher. The nine letters could refer to the fourth abbot of the abbey with the first name "Richard" and the surname "Squirs", the name of the abbey that Larreule counteracted in the 11th century.
Three column capitals on the entrance arches of the chapels are remnants of the original church from the 12th century. The capital of the Marienkapelle shows two people in a dense wickerwork, who are dressed in short tunics . On one of the other two capitals there are two scenes from the martyrdom of John the Baptist , Salome carrying the saint's head and the Ascension of John carried away by two angels . The abacus of the capital on the right is decorated with wickerwork and a demon's head on the corner. The capital itself is decorated with leaves and foliage , the figures entwine.
In the choir of the church there is the main altar with a painting by the painter Chavauty from the 19th century depicting the Assumption of the Virgin Mary . The 18th century shrine of the tabernacle is framed by two pilasters on the sides and above a railing. The two side parts are closed at the ends with serpentine columns. The decor of the door and the side panels is worked out with flat reliefs . A monstrance is depicted on the door, the Assumption of Mary on the left side and an angel on the right side.
On the side altar of the church, you can see an 18th century painting depicting Christ crucified . Saints Peter and Paul appear at the top of the reredos with their attributes cock and helmet. In between, God the Father looks down with a globe in his left hand. The reredos are generally richly decorated with flowers, volutes , fluted columns and decorative stripes.
The church has kept a statue of St. Lupus since the 17th century, who was invoked to cure diseases such as ulcers, goiter or leprosy . The 1.20 m tall figure carries a miter . His right hand seems originally to have held a crook or a staff that has now been lost. In his left hand he holds a book that seems to attract his attention. The statue was so venerated that prior to its restoration, the saint's mantle was in disrepair because the faithful rubbed their handkerchiefs on it before applying them to the sick. Below the church there is a spring dedicated to St. Lupus. Legend has it that it originated in the 11th century at the point when a bishop named Ezzelin had recently thrust his staff into the earth there. Until the end of the 18th century, Larreule was the destination of pilgrimages to pray for the healing of diseases.
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture is traditionally the most important economic factor in the municipality.
total = 27
sport and freetime
The long-distance hiking trail " GR 65" from Geneva to Roncesvalles leads through the municipality. From Le Puy-en-Velay it follows the Via Podiensis , one of the four historic St. James' Ways in France.
A 9.1 km long and another 10.2 km long circular route leads from Larreule through the surrounding forests and fields with the opportunity to picnic on the banks of the Uzan.
traffic
Larreule is crossed by Routes départementales 32 and 262.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 15, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ma commune: Larreule ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ Larreule ( fr , PDF) Communauté de Communes du Canton d'Arzacq. Retrieved on July 15, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 95, 1863. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Larreule ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Larreule (64318) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ Église Saint-Pierre de Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 15, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ abbaye de bénédictins, église paroissiale Saint-Pierre ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ Clocher de l'église Saint-Pierre de Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 15, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Trois chapiteaux de l'église Saint-pierre de Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 15, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Maître-autel de l'église Saint-Pierre de Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ a b c Le mobilier de l'abbaye, église paroissiale Saint-Pierre ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ^ Autel secondaire de l'église Saint-Pierre de Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ Statue de saint Loup de l'église Saint-Pierre de Larreule ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on July 31, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Larreule (64318) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
- ^ Bettina Forst: French Way of St. James. From Le Puy-en-Velay to Roncesvalles. All stages - with variants and height profiles. Bergverlag Rother, Munich (recte: Ottobrunn) 2007, ISBN 978-3-7633-4350-8 ( Rother hiking guide ). P. 155
- ↑ GR® 65, le chemin de Compostelle via le Puy ( fr ) Fédération française de la randonnée pédestre . Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Randonnées pédestres ( fr ) Arzacq-Morlanne en terre de Soubestre tourist office . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
