Biron (Pyrénées-Atlantiques)
| Biron | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Lacq-Orthez | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 28 ′ N , 0 ° 44 ′ W | |
| height | 57-171 m | |
| surface | 4.00 km 2 | |
| Residents | 679 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 170 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64300 | |
| INSEE code | 64131 | |
| Website | www.biron64.fr | |
_vue_2.JPG) Center of Biron |
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Biron is a French municipality with 679 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Pau and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: canton of Lagor ).
The inhabitants are called Bironnais or Bironnaises .
geography
Biron is located about 45 km northwest of Pau not far from Orthez on the left bank of the Gave de Pau in Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Orthez | Castétis | |
| Laà Mondrans |
.svg)
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Sarpourenx |
| Castetner |
Biron is located in the catchment area of the Adour River on the left bank of the Gave de Pau . The Arriou de Barran also flows through the territory of the municipality.
history
The name of the community means "small country estate" and could refer to the Gallo-Roman villa , the remains of which indicate settlement in the epoch. Amphorae , pieces of mosaic , coins and bricks have been recovered there.
The village has been mentioned since the 10th century. Around 1050 it consisted of the two fiefs Brassalay and Monpoey. In the 10th and 11th centuries, which was under the parish of the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde . Biron was subsequently a point of contention between the Vice Counts of Béarn and Dax , who both wanted to have the area around Orthez under their control. After merciless fighting, the area finally came to the Béarn. In 1194 the community was mentioned as Biro in the copy book of the Cistercian monastery of Sauvelade , and in 1235 as Biroo in connection with the villa in the writings of Béarn. At the census in 1385 under Gaston III. , called Fébus, 21 households were counted in Viroo and it was noted that the village is in the Bailliage of Larbeig, an archpriesthood of the diocese of Lescar at that time . Further toponyms were subsequently Biiron (1457, notaries from Castetner, capital of Larbeig) and Viron (1546, Reformation in Béarn). On the map of Cassini 1750, the municipality is already drawn in its present form.
Population development
After provisional highs of 400 inhabitants in the middle of the 19th century, the number fell by around 30% until after the Second World War . Since then it has more than doubled due to its proximity to Orthez.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 391 | 405 | 437 | 486 | 529 | 505 | 552 | 589 | 679 |
Attractions
.JPG)
- Church dedicated to John the Baptist . Probably in the second half of the 19th century, the church was built in neo-Gothic style on the site of an earlier building. The choir inside the single nave nave is paneled with oak . The decoration of the altar with a gold-plated pattern and multicolored statues is characteristic of the 19th century style . The patron saint, John the Baptist, is shown in a round window on the back wall. The stations on a Way of the Cross are made of colored terracotta in wooden frames. The baptismal font and the holy water font made of gray marble were taken from the old church.
- Castle de Brassalay. The origins lie in a fortress house from the end of the 14th or beginning of the 15th century on a hill above the valley of the Gave. The date 1611 above the entrance portal attests to the expansion by David de Brassalay. The coupling windows are characteristic of the construction of the 16th century . The residential wing is closed in the north by a stepped gable. Nine steps on each side lead into a large chimney as the top of the gable. The gable emphasizes the typical Béarn construction of the roof with coupling windows in the dormers . With the triangular front gable above the skylight, they harmonize with the windows of the lower plug-in units. A pentagonal tower beautifies the palace complex. Pilasters with capitals made of white limestone and a cornice with a triangular front gable frame its entrance door. In the palace gardens, the eye falls on a reclining tombstone that covers the grave of Jacques de Brassalay, who died in 1697. It is adorned and the fact that it was not buried in a Catholic cemetery indicates that the noble family belonged to the Reformed Church . In the 18th century the castle remained uninhabited and became a farm. Today an institute of curative education is housed in the castle.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economy is traditionally determined by agriculture, but increasingly also by trade and services. Biron is located in the AOC zone of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk.
total = 43
education
Biron has a public pre-school and elementary school with 83 students in the 2016/2017 school year.
traffic
Biron is connected to the Routes départementales 9, 71 and 2009. The Autoroute A64 , called La Pyrénéenne , runs through the local area. Exit 8 is built as a trumpet in a right-hand shape and is connected to the D 9 via a roundabout.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pyrénées-Atlantiques Gentile ( fr ) habitant.fr. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Biron ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Biron Pyrénées-Atlantiques ( fr ) Municipality of Biraon. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 32, 93, 1863. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ^ Notice Communale Bilhères ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Biron (64131) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Jean-Baptiste ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Château de Brassalay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Créneaux du château de Brassalay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Pierre tombale au château de Brassalay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Biron (64131) ( fr ) INSEE . Archived from the original on March 25, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
- ↑ École primaire publique Lô portals ( fr ) National Education Ministry. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
