Samsons Lion

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Samsons Lion
Samsons-Lion (France)
Samsons Lion
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Pau
Canton Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh
Community association North Est Béarn
Coordinates 43 ° 26 ′  N , 0 ° 7 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 26 ′  N , 0 ° 7 ′  W
height 181–331 m
surface 5.03 km 2
Residents 88 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 17 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 64350
INSEE code 64503

Samsons-Lion Town Hall

Samson-Lion is a French municipality with 88 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Pau and the canton of Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh (until 2015: canton of Lembeye ).

The name in the Gascognischen language is also Samsons-Lion .

The first part of the name is derived from the Gascognischen name Sans or Sanz , the second part probably from the Latin given name Olius . The residents are called Samsonnais and Samsonnaises or Lionsois and Lionsoises .

Street in Samsons-Lion

geography

Samsons-Lion is located about 35 km northeast of Pau in the Vic-Bilh region of the historic province of Béarn on the northeastern edge of the department.

Samsons-Lion is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Simacourbe Lembeye
Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq Neighboring communities
Anoye Peyrelongue subscriptions

Samsons-Lion lies in the catchment area of ​​the river Adour . The Petit Lées , a tributary of the Lées , crosses the territory of the municipality together with its tributary, the Ruisseau de Sourville, which rises in Samsons-Lion.

history

Samson's Lion is believed to have been inhabited since the 11th century. During this time, a fortified structure and the location on one of the side roads to Santiago de Compostela are mentioned. The Béarn census in 1385 counted 18 households in Samsons and just four in Lion, and both villages belonged to the Bailliage of Lembeye. Samsons was under the Commandery of the Order of Malta of Caubin and Morlaàs , Lion was part of the district of Anoye. A second castle, built in Samsons at the end of the 16th century, was considered the most beautiful in all of Béarn. Today only the foundations are left of him. A lay monastery is mentioned in the records at Samsons at the beginning of the 17th century . It belonged to Jean-Marc de Miossens, Count of Sadiracq. The basic rule has long been in the hands of the famous Béarn family Miossens which it into a barony rose that the Vicomte was subject of Béarn. In addition to Samsons , it included Bétracq , Crouseilles , Haget , Langassous , Lapèdes and Lasserre . In 1831, Lion was united with Samsons to form the Samsons-Lion community.

Toponyms and mentions of Samsons were:

  • Sanzos (12th century, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn , p. 450),
  • Samssos and Sansoo (1385 and 1402, respectively, census in the Béarn),
  • Sansoos (1442, Treaties of Carresse , sheet 234),
  • Sanssoos (1492, Treaties of Pau),
  • Sansons (1750, map by Cassini ),
  • Samsous (1793, Notice Communale ) and
  • Samsons (1801, Bulletin des Lois ).

Toponyms and mentions of Lion were:

  • Le Leon (13th century, fors de Béarn , manuscript from the 14th century),
  • Aulioo (1385, census in the Béarn),
  • Lo Lioo and Lo Lion (1544 and 1546, respectively, reformation de Béarn , manuscript collection from the 16th to 18th centuries),
  • Lion (1750, map by Cassini),
  • Le Lyon (1778 and 1793, census in Anoye and Notice Communale, respectively ) and
  • Lion (1801, Bulletin des Lois ).

Population development

The community peaked in size with around 335 inhabitants in the first half of the 19th century. As a result, the number of inhabitants was reduced to around 50 with short recovery phases up to the 1970s. A moderate growth phase then set in, which continues to this day.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 2017
Residents 83 69 53 54 64 75 71 74 88
Until 1821 only residents of Samsons, from 1831 of Samsons-Lion
From 1962 official figures without residents with secondary residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2009

Attractions

  • Samsons Parish Church, dedicated to the Apostle Bartholomew . It was probably built in the 12th century and was restored in the second half of the 17th century. The nave was extended by a side aisle before 1869 , and the central nave was restored at the same time, if not rebuilt. The bell tower above the entrance porch was rebuilt between 1869 and 1871. Many of the church's furnishings date from the 17th to 19th centuries and are registered as national cultural assets.
  • Parish church in Lion, dedicated to Maria Magdalena . It was built in the 12th century and was apparently spared the effects of the Huguenot Wars , as numerous elements of the Romanesque style epoch have been preserved. This applies, for example, to the Romanesque entrance portal on the south side. In his jambs are archivolts with four rows of roll bars elaborated. The tympanum shows a round monogram of Christ , which is bordered with a bead. In the interior of the church, near the entrance, a Romanesque leaf capital serves as a base for a stone holy water basin , which probably dates from the 12th century. The church was redesigned in the 16th and 18th centuries and restored at the end of the 20th century. The single nave nave is closed off to the west by a bell gable. Many other furnishings in the church date from the 17th to 19th centuries and are registered as national cultural assets.
  • Former lay monastery of Lion. It appears to have been built next to the church in the 16th century. The building is now part of a larger farm. It has two floors and an attic. The year "1818" is engraved above the entrance to the residential wing and possibly indicates the year of a new building or major remodeling. Only a small window with a lintel in the form of a toothed keel arch attests to the dating of the original building to the 16th century.
  • Castle ruins of Samsons. The Samsons landlords have been mentioned since the 11th century. At first they lived in a medieval castle. The castle was built in the same place at the end of the 16th to the beginning of the 17th centuries. It was a square building with slate- clad towers on all four corners. The castle was owned by the Miossens-Samsons family from the 15th to the beginning of the 18th century when it passed into the hands of the Lons family through marriage. Mrs d'Ines bought it in 1759 and the Lons family bought it back in 1775. She kept the castle until the French Revolution when it was sold in 1794. Several repairs took place between 1762 and 1775. In 1771 one of the towers had to be rebuilt after it collapsed. The cadastre describes the castle as a ruin in 1829. The towers were demolished in 1886 and only remnants of the castle can be seen today.

Economy and Infrastructure

Agriculture is traditionally the most important economic factor in the municipality.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 10

traffic

Samsons-Lion can be reached via Routes départementales 295 and 943, the former Route nationale 643 .

Web links

Commons : Samsons-Lion  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Samsons-Lion ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b Samsons-Lion ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 12, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  3. ↑ Ma commune: Samsons-Lion ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  4. ^ A b c Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 102, 155, 156. 1863. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  5. ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  6. ↑ a b Notice Communale Samsons-Lion ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  7. ↑ Notice Communale Lion ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  8. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Samsons-Lion (64503) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  9. ^ Eglise paroissiale Saint-Barthélémy ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  10. ↑ Église Sainte-Madeleine ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 12, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  11. ^ Eglise paroissiale Sainte-Madeleine ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  12. ↑ Abbaye laïque de Lion ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 12, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  13. ↑ Demeure ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  14. ↑ Vestiges du château de Samsons ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 12, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  15. ^ Edifice fortifié ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  16. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Samsons-Lion (64503) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 12, 2017.