Os Marsillon
| Os Marsillon | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Pau | |
| Canton | Le Coeur de Bearn | |
| Community association | Lacq-Orthez | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 23 ′ N , 0 ° 37 ′ W | |
| height | 92-151 m | |
| surface | 5.45 km 2 | |
| Residents | 533 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 98 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64150 | |
| INSEE code | 64431 | |
| Website | www.os-marsillon.com | |
 Parish church of Saint-Pierre in Os |
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Os-Marsillon is a French municipality with 533 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Pau and the canton of Le Cœur de Béarn (until 2015: canton of Lagor ).
geography
Os-Marsillon is located approx. 25 km northwest of Pau in the historical province of Béarn . The municipality is part of the Lacq industrial area .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Abidos | Lacq | Artix |
.svg)
|
Pardies | |
| Lagor |
Lahourcade Mourenx |
Noguères |
Os-Marsillon lies in the catchment area of the Adour River . The Gave de Pau flows through the area of the municipality together with its tributaries, the Bayse and the Luzoué.
history
In the 1385 census of the Béarn, seven houses were counted in Os. Among them was a noble residence, the pastor's house, a house inhabited by Cagots and two uninhabited houses. Cagots formed a group of people who were discriminated against in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century for reasons still unknown and largely excluded from social life. Os belonged to the Bailliage of Lagor and Pardies at the time . The abbot of the lay monastery was also the landlord of Os and was subordinate to the Viscount of Bearn. On the instruction of the French King Henry IV. Os received around 84 hectares of pasture land as communal property on December 9, 1609, which was previously used as free pasture land by the surrounding villages. However, this right was retained. In 1673, the French King Louis XIV ordered a census and, for the nobles, an indication of their possessions. As a result, the jurisdiction was divided into Os. Eight houses remained under the jurisdiction of the lay monastery, 22 houses were transferred to the jurisdiction of the king.
The Béarn census of 1385 counted 16 houses in Marsillon, including a noble residence and two uninhabited houses. The lay monastery existed since the 12th century. The building was erected on an artificial mound and was finally demolished in the 20th century. Like Os, Marsillon was also under the Bailliage of Lagor and Pardies. An extraordinary flood of the Gave in June and July 1790 tore away part of the village, including the town hall and the parish church of Marsillon. The parish of Marsillon, suddenly without a church, decided to merge with the parish of Os, which was officially consummated on April 14, 1841. In the 20th century, the municipality of Os-Marsillon benefited from the natural gas deposits of Lacq and the resulting industrial zone.
Toponyms and mentions of Os were:
- Aoss (12th century, manuscript collection by André Duchesne , volume 114, sheet 80),
- Ous (1220, documents of the Order of Malta in Caubin ),
- Dosse (13th century, fors de Béarn , manuscript from the 14th century, p. 35),
- Oos (1343 and 1385, notaries from Pardies, No. 2 or census in Béarn),
- Os (1750 and 1793, map by Cassini or Notice Communale ),
- Oos (1801, Bulletin des lois ) and
- Os (1863, Dictionnaire topographique Béarn-Pays basque).
Toponyms and mentions of Marsillon were:
- Marcello (1128, documents from Aubertin ),
- Marcelo (12th century, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn , p. 421 and p. 447),
- Marselhoo (1220, documents of the Order of Malta in Caubin),
- Marcelhoo and Sent-Martii de Marcelhon (1344, notaries from Pardies, No. 2, sheet 92),
- Marssalhoo (1385, census in the Béarn),
- Marsselhon (1443, notaries from Oloron , No. 4, sheet 76),
- Marseilhon (1607, Lagor rule),
- Marsillon (1750, map by Cassini or Notice Communale ),
- Marseillou (1766, land register of Marsillon),
- Marceillon (1793, Notice Communale ),
- Marceillou (1801, Bulletin des lois ) and
- Marsillon (1863, Dictionnaire topographique Béarn-Pays basque).
Population development
After the merger of the two former municipalities of Os and Marsillon in 1841, the number of inhabitants moved almost consistently at a level of around 350 inhabitants until the 1920s. The community subsequently shrank to around 250 by the 1950s, when the development of the Lacq gas deposit and the associated development of industrial and service companies brought about a significant growth spurt that continues today.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 275 | 310 | 377 | 357 | 434 | 414 | 461 | 447 | 533 |
Attractions
- Parish church in Os, dedicated to the apostle Peter . The original church was built in the 14th or 15th century and became the parish church of the new parish of Os-Marsillon. The bell tower was built in 1867 and the entire current church was probably rebuilt under the direction of the architect Henri d'Arnaudat. In 1878 stained glass windows , works of the renowned Mauméjean stained glass from Pau , were used. In the spring of 1993, the bell tower's helmet was replaced. The front door of the church is made of wood with two heavy door leaves with a simple structure of two vertical and two horizontal slats each, but otherwise without any further decoration. The single nave nave is extended with a semicircular apse . Inside the church there is a wooden altarpiece with painted elements made of imitation marble .
- Former rectory. The rectory of Os-Marsillon was built in the 19th century, not far from the parish church, from Gave pebbles and covered with light plaster. It kept its original front door, which was made in the traditional style. A skylight is used in the upper part of the door leaf, as is often found on church doors, but there mostly as a fixed element. Today the rectory is integrated into the office space of the town hall, the entrance of which is at the rear of the building.
- House Capulet. Its name comes from the characteristic headgear worn by the deputies of the Pardies jurisdiction who lived there. The house, which dates from the 17th century, is located in a property enclosed by walls. Above its entrance door, which is not visible from the street, a twin window is let into the facade, which is decorated with foliage and garlands.
- Os-Marsillon watermill . It belonged to the lay monastery and once owned three millstones. The residents of the village were obliged to grind their grain there for a fee. Today the watermill has long been converted into a residential building and its former function can still be recognized by the well-preserved outlet canal.
Economy and Infrastructure
Os-Marsillon is located in the AOC zone of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk.
total = 37
education
The municipality has a public pre-school with 27 students in the 2017/2018 school year.
traffic
Os-Marsillon is crossed by Routes départementales 33 and 533.
Web links
- Os-Marsillon on the Association of Municipalities website (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ma commune: Os-Marsillon ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e Histoire & Patrimoine ( fr ) Municipality of Os-Marsillon. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Os-Marsillon ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ^ A b Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 109, 127, 1863. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Os-Marsillon ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved October 16, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Marsillon ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Os-Marsillon (64431) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Église Saint-Pierre ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Porte de l'église d'Os-Marsillon ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ^ Eglise paroissiale Saint-Pierre ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Presbytère de Os-Marsillon ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Maison Capulet ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Moulin d'Os-Marsillon ( fr ) visites.aquitaine.fr. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher-un-produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 d'Os-Marsillon (64431) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved October 22, 2017.
- ^ École maternelle ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
