Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq

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Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq
Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq (France)
Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Pau
Canton Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh
Community association North Est Béarn
Coordinates 43 ° 25 ′  N , 0 ° 9 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 25 ′  N , 0 ° 9 ′  W
height 179-336 m
surface 10.76 km 2
Residents 261 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 24 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 64350
INSEE code 64369

Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq is a French municipality with 261 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Pau and the canton of Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh (until 2015: canton of Lembeye ).

geography

Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq is located about 30 km northeast of Pau in the Vic-Bilh region of the historic province of Béarn on the northeastern edge of the department.

Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Simacourbe Lembeye
Gerderest Neighboring communities Samsons Lion
Anoye

Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq is located in the river Adour catchment area . One of its tributaries, the Lées , flows through the territory of the municipality together with its tributaries, the Ruisseau du Hour and the Ruisseau de Labadie.

history

Remains of a Roman villa and a. in the form of mosaic fragments in the cemetery near the parish church of Juillacq testify to a settlement in the Gallo-Roman period. In addition, the origin of the name Juillacq is composed of the Latin name Julius and the suffix -acum , which together means "Julius' estate".

In the Middle Ages , the three villages along the Lées already reached a considerable size. The 1385 census counted 16 households in Maspie, including that of a blacksmith and a landlord , ten in Lalonquère and 23 households in Juillacq, including that of a landlord and a pastor. Cagots , a group of people who were discriminated against in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century and largely excluded from social life, were also among the residents. Here, too, they were despised by the other families and lived apart from the others. The villages of Maspie and Lalonquère belonged to the Bailliage of the Archpriesthood of Lembeye , Juillacq to the Bailliage of Pau. Lalonquère was a member of the Commandery of the Order of Malta of Caubin and Morlaàs , in Juillacq there was a lay monastery, vassal of the Viscount of Béarn.

In 1831 the municipalities of Maspie and Lalonquère merged to form the new municipality of Maspie-Lalonquère, and in 1842 Juillacq was added.

Toponyms and mentions of Maspie were:

  • Mespie (1385, census of the Béarn) and
  • Mascaras (1750, map by Cassini ).

Toponyms and mentions of Lalonquère were:

  • La Loncquera (1538, collection of manuscripts from the 16th to 18th centuries),
  • La Lonquere (1750, map by Cassini),
  • Lalonquere (1793, Notice Communale ),
  • Lalonguerre (1801, Bulletin des Lois ) and
  • Lalonguerre (1863, Dictionnaire topographique Béarn-Pays basque).

Toponyms and mentions of Juillacq were:

  • Jullac and Saint-Pierre de Julhac (12th century and 1227, according to Pierre de Marca's book Histoire de Béarn , p. 453 and p. 571),
  • Juillacq (1750, map by Cassini),
  • Jullaq (1777, basic register of Gerderest),
  • Juillacq (1793 and 1801, Notice Communale and Bulletin des Lois, respectively ) and
  • Juillac (1863, Dictionnaire topographique Béarn-Pays basque).

Population development

After the population peaked at around 640 after the unification of the three earlier municipalities in the middle of the 19th century, the number fell to around 200 during short recovery periods by the 1970s, before moderate growth began again.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 2017
Residents 263 233 205 218 233 224 248 273 261
Until 1821 only residents of Maspie, from 1831 to 1836 only residents of Maspie-Lalonquère,
from 1841 of Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq
From 1962 official figures without residents with secondary residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2009

Attractions

  • Parish church in Mespie, dedicated to Martin of Tours . The Romanesque church was built in the second half of the 12th century on an artificial mound protected by a rampart and moats. In the 15th or 16th century it was fortified, partially raised and the apse equipped with a number of loopholes . These and traces of hurdles are still visible today. During the Huguenot Wars , the church was partially destroyed. While a side chapel was added in the middle of the 16th century, renovations took place in the second half of the 17th century, as evidenced by the dates "1652" on a keystone in the sacristy and "1667" on the keystone of the arch above the entrance . In the interior of the church you can admire the apse dome and a triumphal arch that rests on columns with high basket capitals . The simple altar is preserved in the Romanesque style. His retable dates from the 17th century and shows scenes from the life of St. Martin. The five glass windows are the work of the glass painter Gustave Pierre Dagrant and were used at the beginning of the 20th century. Many other items of equipment date from the 17th to 19th centuries and are registered as national cultural assets.
  • Parish Church of Saint-Germain in Lalonquère. A medieval church was built in the inner courtyard of the Motte , which was also the seat of the landlord de la Claü d'Anoye. With a height of only two meters, the moth was rather small. Construction materials of the first castle, especially its rectangular tower, were found: pebbles, masonry bricks and quarry stones from molasse . The current single-nave church was built in the second half of the 18th century, as attested by the year “1731” (or “1737”) on an inscription. The semicircular apse and sacristy were added in 1779. Many furnishings from the 17th to 19th centuries are registered as national cultural assets.
  • Parish church in Juillacq, dedicated to John the Baptist . It is built on the traces of a Roman villa and near the Sainte-Quitterie spring , the waters of which are said to have miraculous powers in the healing of skin and eye diseases. According to legend, the holy Quiteria gave rise to the spring in the 5th century. There was also a hospital to care for pilgrims passing by on their way to Santiago de Compostela . The current church was built in the 16th century. The single nave nave is closed with a bell gable , on the other side with a flat apse with a pointed gable. Destroyed and set on fire during the Huguenot Wars, the church was only able to preserve part of its Romanesque apse. In the 17th century and around 1769 the church was remodeled, and in 1712 a chapel was added in honor of St. Quiteria. A 1.26 m statue depicting the saint was placed in this chapel at the same time. After being replaced by a statue of the Virgin Mary together with statues of Saints Rochus and Joseph , it found its new place in the reredos. Above the wooden entrance door of the church with a marble frame is a window in the form of a flower fan. Above this portal there is a small niche in the wall, in which a statuette made of terracotta from 1769 can be seen depicting John the Baptist.
  • Day Castle in Juillacq, first mentioned in the scriptures in the 16th century. It had been in the possession of Ramonet d'Ostabent, a captain of the Catholic troops fighting in the Huguenot Wars , before it was confiscated in 1570 by Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre . As a result, it came into the possession of the Guillassot family, who kept it until the French Revolution . In 1790 Jean de Fouron bought the castle and had it completely rebuilt. The corresponding year on the facade indicates the work. From the original building only the round stair tower that is built on the north side of the main house remains today. The original building materials, pebbles and bricks, which are typical for the region, can be seen in the abraded areas in the yellow plaster, which was probably applied during the renovation work towards the end of the 18th century. At the height of the first floor there is a window opening decorated with a rod . Traces of former loopholes can be made out above it. The upper part of a window with a keel arch , which bears the year "1626" and comes from the original residential wing, has been reused in an entrance to one of the barns. In the courtyard there is a square dovecote from the period of renovation work. The building now leads to a spacious farm and is part of a private agricultural property.
  • Dovecote from Maspie. The community owns a square dovecote from the 17th century, which is no longer used today. From the Middle Ages to the French Revolution , these were a symbol of the landlords, because only they were allowed to build them on their property separate from the residential wing. Their size was always proportional to the importance of the manor.

Economy and Infrastructure

Agriculture is traditionally the most important economic factor in the municipality.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 35

education

Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq has a public primary school with 37 pupils in the 2017/2018 school year.

traffic

Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq is crossed by Routes départementales 604 and 943, the former Route nationale 643 , and is connected to Pau and other communes of the department by a line of the Transports 64 bus network .

Web links

Commons : Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ma commune: Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  3. ↑ a b c d Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 86, 91, 109, 1863. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  4. ↑ a b Notice Communale Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  5. ↑ a b c David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  6. ↑ Notice Communale Lalonquère ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  7. ↑ Notice Communale Juillacq ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  8. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq (64369) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  9. ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Martin de Maspie ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  10. ^ Eglise paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  11. ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Motte féodale de Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  12. ^ Eglise paroissiale Saint-Germain ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  13. ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Juillacq ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  14. ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Statue de sainte Quitterie ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  15. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Porte de l'église Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Juillacq ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  16. ^ Eglise paroissiale Saint-Jean-Baptiste ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  17. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Château de Day ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  18. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Tour du château de Day ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  19. ^ Demeure dite Château ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  20. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Pigeonnier de Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  21. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Maspie-Lalonquère-Juillacq (64369) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  22. ^ École élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved September 13, 2017.