List of wars and battles in Latvia

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The list of wars and battles in Latvia chronologically shows the most important armed conflicts with wars, battles and skirmishes on the territory of today's Latvia or with significant Latvian participation from approx. 800 AD .

Overview

Period Affiliation image scope
Until the 13th century Baltic and Baltic Finnish tribes Baltic tribes around 1200 Coat of arms of Vidzeme.svg Liven
• Idumeja, Metsepole, Lēdurga, Turaida , Vanema, Daugavas Līvzeme, Ventava, Vendene cures • Vanema, Ventava, Bandava, Piemare, Duvzare, Ceklis, Megava, Pilsāts, Zeme starp Skrundu un Zemgali (Starpzeme) LatgaleJersika , Talava, Atzele , Pietālava, Lotigola, Koknese , Idumeja, Imera Semgallen • Upmale, Plāne, Dobele, Mežotne, Tērvete, Silene, Spārnene, Dobe, Žagare SelonenSēlija , Medene, Alektene, Kalve, Pelone, Maleisine, Tovrakste
Lv shorteme.png

Coat of arms of Latgale.svg

Coat of arms of Zemgale.svg


1207-1561 Livonian Confederation Terra mariana 1260 Insignia Germany Order Teutonic.svg Teutonic Order ( Livonia Mastery )
Brothers of the Sword (1202–1237), Livonian Order (from 1237)
Diocese of Riga (1202, from 1255 Archbishopric)
Diocese of Courland (1234)
1561-1566 / 69 Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg Kingdom of Poland, Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Alex K Grundwald flags 1410-03.svg
Poland-Lithuania 1619: Duchy of Livonia (dark gray)
Alex K Grundwald flags 1410-03.svg Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Duchy of Livonia (1561–1569) Kingdom of PolandDuchy of Courland and Zemgale (1561–1795)
Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg
Flag of Courland (state) .svg
1569-1629 Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania Poland-Lithuania 1619: Duchy of Livonia (dark gray)
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania
Duchy of Livonia (1561–1629) • Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1561–1795)POL Inflanty IRP COA.svg
Flag of Courland (state) .svg
1629-1721 Flag of Sweden.svg Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
Swedish Livonia Flag of Sweden.svg Kingdom of Sweden
Swedish-Livonia (1629–1721) Kingdom of Poland-LithuaniaPolish-Livonia (1629–1772) • Duchy of Courland and Zemgallia (1561–1795)Coat of arms of Vidzeme.svg
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
POL Inflanty IRP COA.svg
Flag of Courland (state) .svg
1721-1772 Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire, Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire
Livonia Governorate (1721–1918) Kingdom of Poland-LithuaniaPolish Livonia (1629–1772) • Duchy of Courland and Zemgallia (1561–1795)Livonian colors.svg
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
POL Inflanty IRP COA.svg
Flag of Courland (state) .svg
1772-1795 Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire, Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire
Livonia Governorate (1721–1918) • Vitebsk Governorate (1802–1918) Kingdom of Poland-LithuaniaDuchy of Courland and Zemgale (1561–1795)Livonian colors.svg
Витебская губ МВД Бенке.jpg
Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
Flag of Courland (state) .svg
1795-1915 Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire Administrative division of Russia in 1917 Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire
Livonia Governorate (1721–1918) • Courland Governorate (1795–1915) • Vitebsk Governorate (1802–1918)Livonian colors.svg
Flag of the Courland Governorate.svg
Витебская губ МВД Бенке.jpg
1915-1917 Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire German occupation
Flag of Germany (1867-1919) .svg
Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire
Livonia Governorate (1721–1918) • Vitebsk Governorate (1802–1918) German occupationUpper East ( Courland 1915–1918)Livonian colors.svg
Витебская губ МВД Бенке.jpg
Flag of Germany (1867-1919) .svg
1917-1918 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Russia German occupation
Flag of Germany (1867-1919) .svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Russia
Livonia Governorate (1721–1918) • Vitebsk Governorate (1802–1918) • Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1918–1920) German occupationUpper East ( Courland 1915–1918) • Duchy of Courland and Semgallia (1918)United Baltic DuchyLivonian colors.svg
Витебская губ МВД Бенке.jpg
Flag of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990) .svg
Flag of Germany (1867-1919) .svg

Flag of Courland (state) .svg
United Baltic Duchy flag.svg
1918 / 20-1940 Flag of Latvia.svg Republic of Latvia Republic of Latvia 1918–1940 Flag of Latvia.svg Republic of Latvia 1918–1940
1940-1941 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union Occupation of Latvia in 1940 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic 1940–1941Flag of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990) .svg
1941-1944 / 45 Flag of Germany (1935–1945) .svg German occupation Flag of Germany (1935–1945) .svg German occupation
• Latvia General District 1941–1945
1944-1991 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
(under international law: Republic of Latvia )
Loss of territory in Estonia and Latvia in 1945 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic 1944–1991Flag of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990) .svg
1991 – today Flag of Latvia.svg Republic of Latvia Republic of Latvia 1991 – present Flag of Latvia.svg Republic of Latvia

12th Century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1180–1290: Nordic / Baltic Crusades
1198 , July 24th Battle of Riga (1198) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Order of the Brothers of the Swords defeated Daugavpils Liven

13th Century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1180–1290: Nordic / Baltic Crusades
1200 , summer Battle of Rumbula (1200) Rumbula near Riga , Livonia , Latvia Order of the Brothers of Swords defeated Daugavpils Lives and Livonians (Turaida)
1204 , summer Siege of Riga (1204) Riga , Livonia , Latvia City of Riga and Crusaders defeat Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Liven (Aizkraukle, Lielvārde)
1205 , February 23 Battle of Rodenpois Ropaži , Livonia , Latvia Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga and Zemgale defeat Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1206 , June 4th Battle of Kirchholm (1206) Salaspils , Livonia , Latvia Brothers of the Sword, Crusaders, Archdiocese of Riga and Riga-Liven defeat Liven (Salaspils, Turaida) and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1206 , summer Battle of Treiden (1206) Turaida , Livonia , Latvia Brothers of the Sword, Crusaders, Archdiocese of Riga and Zemgallians defeat Liven (Turaida, Satezele)
1206 , summer – autumn Siege of Kirchholm (1206) Salaspils , Livonia , Latvia Crusaders, Archdiocese of Riga and Salaspils – Liven defeat Liven (Turaida) and the Principality of Polotsk
1209 , autumn Conquest of Jersika Jersika , Latgale , Latvia Order of the Brothers of the Swords defeated Jersika and Lithuania
1210 , beginning Battle of Wenden (1210) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgals (Tālava) defeat Estonians (Ugandi)
1210 , April 18 Battle of Gotland (1210) In Fårö ( Gotland ), Gotland County , Sweden Cures defeat the Archdiocese of Riga and Crusaders
1210 , 12 - 13 July Battle of Riga (1210) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga and the City of Riga defeat Kurds
1210 , August / September Battle of Ümera (1210) South of Valmiera , Livonia , Latvia Estonians (Ugandi, Sakala and Sontagana) defeat Brotherhood of the Sword, Livonia (Turaida) and Latgale (Tālava)
1211 , February – March Siege of Fellin (1211) Viljandi , Viljandimaa , Estonia Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia (Turaida) and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians (Sakala)
1211 , summer Battle of Treiden (1211) Turaida , Livonia , Latvia Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga Livonia and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians, Ösel – Estonians and Revala
1215 , beginning Battle of Lehola At Olustvere , Viljandimaa , Estonia Brotherhood of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga and Livonians defeat Estonians (Sakala)
1215 , spring Battle of Riga (1215) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians and Ösel – Estonians
1217 , February Battle of Odenpah Otepää , Valgamaa , Estonia Novgorod and Pleskau Russians and Estonians (Ösel – Esten, Sakala, Harrien) defeat the Order of the Sword Brothers, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia, Latgale (Tālava) and Estonians (Ugandi)
1217 , September 21 Battle on St. Matthew's Day Suure-Jaani , Viljandimaa , Estonia Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia (Turaida) and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians (Sakala, Wiek, Harrien, Jerwen, Revala and Wierland)
1221 , April Siege of Reval (1221) Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia Kgr. Denmark defeats Ösel – Esten and Esten (Revala, Harrien and Wierland)
1223 , February – March Siege of Reval (1223) Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia Kgr. Denmark defeated Ösel – Esten and Esten (Wiek, Varbola, Jerwen and Wierland)
1223 , August 1st - 15th Siege of Fellin (1223) Viljandi , Viljandimaa , Estonia Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgall defeat Estonians (Sakala), Novgorodians and Pleskau Russians
1224 , August 15th Siege of Dorpat (1224) Tartu , Tartumaa , Estonia Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgals defeat Estonians (Ugandi, Sakala) and Novgorod Russians
1227 , January 29th - February 3rd Siege of Moon Muhu , Saare maakond , Estonia Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia, Latgale and converted Estonians defeat Ösel – Estonians and Estonians (Muhu)
1229 , March 5th Battle of Asherades (1229) Aizkraukle , Livonia , Latvia Zemgallians defeat Brotherhood of the Sword
1236 , September 22 Battle of Schaulen (1236) Šiauliai , Schaulen District , Lithuania Samogites, Lithuanians and Zemgallians defeat Brotherhood of the Sword, Pleskau Russians, Livonians, Latgals and Kgr. Denmark
1242 , April 5th Battle on Lake Peipus Lake Peipus , Estonia / Russia Novgorod and Pleskau Russians and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order, Diocese of Dorpat and Kgr. Denmark
1245 Battle of Wenden (1245) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Nalšia defeat the Livonian Order, Latvia-Wenden and Latgale
1257 Battle of Memel (1257) Klaipėda , Memel District , Lithuania Samogites defeat Livonian orders and cures
1259 Battle of Schoden Luknė near Skuodas , Memel District , Lithuania Samogites defeat Livonian orders and cures
1260 , July 13th Battle of the Durbe Durbe , Kurzeme , Latvia The Samogites and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order with the Kurds, Prussians, Kgr. Denmark and Kgr. Sweden
1262 , February 3rd Battle of Lennewarden Lielvārde , Livonia , Latvia Samogites defeat the Livonian Order
1263 , February Battle of Dünamünde (1263) Daugavgrīva , Livonia , Latvia Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Samogites against Livonian Order
1268 , February 18 Battle of Wesenberg (1268) Rakvere , West Wierland , Estonia Novgorod and Pleskauer Russians defeat the Livonian Order, Diocese of Dorpat, Diocese of Ösel-Wiek and Kgr.Denmark (Hzt. Estonia)
1270 , February 16 Battle of Karusen Karuse , Parnumaa , Estonia Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Zemgallia defeat the Livonian Order, Diocese of Dorpat, Diocese of Ösel-Wiek, and Kgr. Denmark (Hzt. Estonia)
1277 Siege of Dünaburg (1277) Daugavpils , Latgale , Latvia Grand Duchy of Lithuania against Livonian Order
1279 , March 5th Battle of Asherades (1279) Aizkraukle , Livonia , Latvia Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats Livonian Order
1287 , March 26th Battle of the Garoza At Ozolnieki , Zemgale , Latvia Zemgall defeats the Livonian Order, Livonia, Latgale and the city of Riga
1298 , June 1st Battle of Treiden (1298) Turaida , Livonia , Latvia The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the City of Riga defeat the Livonian Order

14./15. century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1483–1492: Livonian Civil War
1484 Battle of the Stintsee Near Riga , Livonia , Latvia The Archdiocese and City of Riga defeat the Livonian Order
1491 , March 30th Battle of Neuermühlen Ādaži near Riga , Livonia , Latvia Livonian Order defeats the Archdiocese and City of Riga

16th Century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1500–1502: Russo-Livonian War
1501 , August 27 Battle of the Seriza Izborsk near Pskov , Pskov , Russia Livonian Confederation defeats Grand Duchy of Moscow
1502 , September 13 Battle of Lake Smolina Palkino near Pskow , Pskov , Russia Livonian Confederation defeats Grand Duchy of Moscow
1558–1583: Livonian War ( First Northern War )
1558 , April 1st - May 11th Siege of Narva (1558) Narva , East Wierland , Estonia Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation
1558 - June 29 Siege of Neuhausen Vastseliina , Võrumaa , Estonia Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation
1558 , 8 - 18 July Siege of Dorpat (1558) Tartu , Tartumaa , Estonia Tsarism Russia defeats the Diocese of Dorpat
1558 , August Siege of Weißenstein (1558) Paide , Jerwen , Estonia Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation
1558 , September - October Siege of Rings Rõngu , Tartumaa , Estonia Livonian Confederation defeats Tsarism Russia
1559 , January 17th Battle of Tirsen Tirza, Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation and Archdiocese of Riga
1560 , August 2nd Battle of Ermes Ērģeme , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Order, Kgr. Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1577 , August - September Battle of Wenden (1577) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1578 , October 21 Battle of Wenden (1578) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Poland – Lithuania and Sweden defeat Tsarist Russia
1583: War of the Pilten Succession
1590–1595: Russo-Swedish War

17th century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1600–1611: Polish – Swedish War
1601 , early June Battle of Erlaa Ērgļi , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1601 , January 7th Battle of Kokenhusen Koknese , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1601 , June 23 Battle of Wenden (1601) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1601 , October 18 - December 18 Siege of Wolmar Valmiera , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1605 , September 27 Battle of Kirchholm (1605) Salaspils , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1608 , July 27th Conquest of Dünamünde (1608) Daugavgrīva , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1609 , 23. - 24. March Battle of Salis Salacgrīva , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1609 , October 6th Battle of Dünamünde (1609) Daugavgrīva , Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1617–1618: Polish – Swedish War
1617 , 19 - 21 June Siege of Dünamünde (1617) Daugavgrīva , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1621–1625: Polish – Swedish War
1621 , August 29th - September 25th Siege of Riga (1621) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1621 , November 28th Battle of Kroppenhof Kroppenhof, Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1622 , August 10th Battle of Mitau (1622) Jelgava , Zemgale , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1625 , October 12th Battle of Listenhoff Listenhoff, Livonia , Latvia Poland-Lithuania defeats Sweden
1626–1629: Polish – Swedish War
1625 , September 30th Battle of Selburg Sēlpils , Zemgale , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1626 , January 7th Battle of Wallhof Valle, Zemgale , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1626 Battle of Bauske Bauska , Zemgale , Latvia
1626 Battle of Mitau (1626) Jelgava , Zemgale , Latvia
1626 , December 3rd Battle of Wenden (1626) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1628 , February 1st Battle of Treiden (1628) Turaida , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania
1656–1658: Russo-Swedish War
Second Northern War (Polish-Swedish War 1655–1660) (→ Swedish Flood ) and → Russo-Polish War 1654–1667
1656 , 18th - 31 July Siege of Dünaburg (1656) Daugavpils , Latgale , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1656 , August 14th Conquest of Kokenhusen (1656) Koknese , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1656 , August 24th - October 5th Siege of Riga (1656) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia
1657 , June 9th / July 8th Battle of Walk Valka / Valga , Livonia / Valgamaa , Latvia / Estonia Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia
1675–1679: Schonischer War (Northern War (1674–1679))

18th century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1700: Great Northern War (→ Livonian-Estonian theater of war ) and Saxon Livonia campaign (1700)
1700 , February 21 - September 19 Siege of Riga (1700) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania, the Electorate of Saxony and Tsarist Russia
1700 , May 17th Battle at Jungfernhof Jungfernhof ( Riga ), Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania and the Electorate of Saxony
1701 , July 19 Battle of the Daugava Krämershof near Riga , Livonia , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania, the Electorate of Saxony and Tsarist Russia
1702 , August Attack on Marienburg Alūksne , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1702 , August Attack on Wolmar Valmiera , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1704 , August 5th Battle of Jakobstadt Jēkabpils , Zemgale , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania and Tsarism Russia
1705 , July 26th Battle of the brick courtyard Mūrmuiža , Zemgale , Latvia Sweden defeats Poland-Lithuania and Tsarism Russia
1705 , August 25 - September 3 Siege of Mitau Jelgava , Zemgale , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1709 , November 14 - July 4, 1710 Siege of Riga (1709-1710) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden
1710 , July 15 - October 10 Siege of Riga (1710) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Tsarism Russia defeats Sweden

19th century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1812: Sixth coalition war (→ Russian campaign 1812 )
1812 , September 29 Battle of Mesothen Mežotne , Zemgale , Latvia Kgr. Prussia defeats the Russian Empire

20th century

date Battle name Place, region, state (today) Result
1914 - 18 - World War I
1915 , 8 - 19 August Advance into the Bay of Riga Gulf of Riga , Latvia German Empire against Russian Empire
1917 , 1. - 5. September Battle for Riga Riga , Livonia , Latvia German Empire defeats Russian Empire
1917 , October 17th Battle in Moon Sound Riga , Livonia , Latvia German Empire defeats Russian Empire ( Operation Albion )
1918–1920: Latvian War of Independence and Estonian War of Independence
also Russian Civil War
1919 , January 31 Battle of Paju Paju manor near Valga , Valgamaa , Estonia Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia and the Latvian Soviet Republic
1919 , 19 - 20 June Battle of Lemsal Limbaži to Straupe , Livonia , Latvia Estonia and Latvia defeat Baltic National Army and Iron Division (German Reich)
1919 , 19 - 23 June Battle of Wenden (1919) Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia Estonia and Latvia defeat Baltic National Army and Iron Division (German Reich)
1919 , November 11th Battle of Riga (1919) Riga , Livonia , Latvia Rep. Latvia, Estonia and United Kingdom defeat the West Russian Liberation Army
1919 , November 22nd Battle of Radwilischken Radviliškis , Schaulen District , Lithuania , Lithuania Rep. Latvia, Estonia and United Kingdom defeat the West Russian Liberation Army
1920 , 3 - 5 January Battle of Dünaburg (1920) Daugavpils , Latgale , Latvia Poland and the Republic of Latvia defeat Soviet Russia and the Latvian Soviet Republic
1939 - 45 - Second World War
also Latvian SS units
1940 , summer Occupation of Latvia in 1940 Latvia Forced occupation of the Republic of Latvia by the Soviet Union
1941 , 15. - 17th December Šķēde massacre Liepāja , Kurzeme , Latvia German massacre of Latvian Jews
1943 , February – April Operation Winter Magic Belarus , Russia German operation against the Soviet Union with Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian participation
1945 , January 22nd Dąbrówka Nowa Massacre Dąbrówka Nowa , Kuyavian-Pomeranian , Poland Red Army massacre of Latvian SS soldiers

See also