Nissan
| Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
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| legal form | Kabushiki-gaisha (joint stock company) |
| ISIN | JP3672400003 |
| founding | December 26, 1933 |
| Seat | Yokohama , Japan |
| management | Makoto Uchida , President and CEO |
| Number of employees | 138,893 (September 2019) |
| sales | 11.6 trillion ¥ ( € 97 billion ) ( FY 2018) |
| Branch | Automotive industry |
| Website | nissan-global.com |
Nissan ( Japanese 日 産 自動 車 株式会社 , Nissan Jidōsha Kabushiki-gaisha , German Nissan Automobil AG ) is a Japanese automobile manufacturer in which Datsun and Prince have merged.
Nissan is listed on the Nikkei 225 and is the third largest Japanese vehicle manufacturer in terms of market value after Toyota and Honda. In the Forbes Global 2000 of the world's largest companies, Nissan ranks 97th (as of FY 2017).
In 1999 Renault formed the Renault-Nissan alliance with Nissan and has since held 43.5 percent of Nissan shares. In 2010 Daimler AG entered into a strategic partnership with Renault-Nissan and took a 3.1 percent stake in Nissan. The remaining shares are in free float .
history
1911–1934: The creation of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
The history of the Nissan company begins in 1911 with the establishment of Kaishinsha Motorcar Works in Tokyo by Masujirō Hashimoto , who built its first passenger car in 1914 . It was named "DAT" after the initials of the investors' last names Kenjiro D en, Rokuro A oyama and Aketaro T akeuchi, who made it possible for Hashimoto to build it. At that time, cars could hardly be sold because there was neither a market for such luxury goods nor an infrastructure for their operation. In 1918 the company was changed to Kwaishinsha Motorcar Co. and now mainly produced trucks for the Imperial Japanese Army due to a new law by the Japanese government to subsidize truck construction .
Falling sales in the 1920s led to the merger with the truck manufacturer Jitsuyō Motors in 1926 . From this merger, the company DAT Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd. emerged. In 1930, the Datson 10 , a small passenger car with 495 cc displacement, was launched, which was very similar to the Austin 7 . The name Datson was based on English and should mean "son of DAT", since DAT has only produced luxurious and larger vehicles so far. “Son” also stands for “disadvantage” or “loss” in Japanese. In 1931 a hurricane destroyed the factory where the Datson 10 was assembled. After the rebuilding of the plant, it was decided to rename the plant to Datsun , whereby “sun” comes from English and is an allusion to Japan as the land of the rising sun. The following Datsun 11 became the company's first name bearer for passenger cars. In 1931, the automotive supplier Tobata Casting , which had previously also supplied DAT, took over DAT Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
At the same time, the company holding company Nihon Sangyō ( 日本 産業 ) was established in 1928 , and its shares were listed on the Japanese stock exchange under the symbol Nissan . The owner was Yoshisuke Aikawa , who also owned the Tobata Casting company ( 戸 畑 鋳 物 , founded in Fukuoka in 1910 ). In March 1933, Tobata Casting acquired a large site in Yokohama on which an automobile factory was to be built. Also in 1933 there was a merger between Tobata Casting and Nihon Sangyō and on December 26th the company was renamed Jidōsha Seizō Co., Ltd. , which can literally be translated as "automobile manufacturer", newly founded. Datsun was to produce vehicles for mass demand in the future, while the upper-priced segment was to be served under a new brand name.
For the planned plant it was necessary to recruit engineers in the United States and to procure equipment and tools for production. This task was entrusted to the American engineer William R. Gorham , who lives in Japan and who had been with Aikawa's company since 1921. During his trip, Gorham was able to acquire almost new, decommissioned production facilities from the US automobile manufacturer Graham-Paige . In May 1934 the factory in Yokohama was completed. A Nissan plant is still located there today. In April 1935 the assembly line was complete and all vehicles could be produced on an assembly line . At the time, the plant was considered the largest and most modern of its kind in Japan. The first Japanese car to be produced entirely in a factory has now been built here, the Datsun 14 .
After the parent company Nihon Sangyō became the majority shareholder at the shareholders' meeting in June 1934, the company was given its current name Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Aikawa became company president.
1936–1945: War production
Japan's economy was set for war in the 1930s . In May 1936, the Japanese government passed a law to protect the local economy. It stipulated that all automakers producing more than 3000 units per year would need a government license. This only affected the Ford and General Motors plants , which had previously been the market leader in Japan. In 1937, import duties were increased drastically, eliminating American competition. With the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the demand for commercial vehicles increased further; therefore, in addition to civilian passenger vehicles, Nissan continued to produce mainly trucks and buses . In addition to the production facilities, licenses were also acquired in the USA for the reproduction of the Graham-Paige truck and the Graham-Paige Crusader. According to the plans of the US manufacturer, production of the Nissan 80 truck and the upper-class Nissan 70 truck began in Yokohama in 1937 as the first vehicles under the Nissan brand name. In addition to the licenses from Graham-Paige, Nissan also manufactured commercial vehicles according to plans from Krupp .
The company's founder became 1938 president of the semi-state Manshū Jūkōgyō Kaihatsu in Manchukuo . This conglomerate also included the Dōwa Jidōsha Kōgyō KK ( 同 和 自動 die 工業 株式会社 ), which had produced replicas of " Crossley " armored vehicles licensed to Isuzu since 1934 . In 1940, the export of dismantled vehicles as kit to where they were assembled in Hsing-king . During the Second World War, production was expanded to include aircraft and boat engines for the Japanese military, and in 1943 the production of vehicles was finally completely discontinued. The company's headquarters were relocated to Tokyo a year later, with Aikawa separating the shares from mainland investments. The name of the company changed to Nissan Heavy Industries, Ltd. after this separation . and lasted until 1949.
1946–1949: post-war period
The main plant in Yokohama, which is necessary for the production of cars, was damaged in the war and was under the control of the occupation. At the end of 1945 the first commercial vehicles rolled off the production line again; For a long time they made up the largest proportion of the vehicles manufactured by Nissan and were used in repairing the war damage. In 1946 the company's headquarters were relocated to Yokohama. From 1947 the previously forbidden production of cars was allowed again by the occupying forces, so that the production of cars could start again in very small numbers. Two years later the company was renamed Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. renamed.
1950–1979: Production under license and expansion abroad
After the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, Nissan was able to win the US Army as a customer for a major order and manufactured thousands of trucks under American licenses. The proceeds from this order went to the production facilities, where old and technically outdated machines were replaced with modern versions. The production of passenger cars also benefited from this acquisition, which was reflected in an increase in product quality. In the same year, Nissan took over Minsei Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. , whose company was renamed Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. ten years later . changed.
Since 1951, Nissan has been working in production with Shin Nikkoku Kogyo (now Nissan Shatai ), which initially produced the Nissan Patrol and light commercial vehicles.
Like many other Japanese manufacturers, Nissan was looking for a license partner in order to catch up with the technological backlog to the car production of other industrial nations. The British Austin Motor Company was won as a partner whose vehicles had already proven themselves on the poor roads of Japan. In the 1950s there was an official collaboration with Austin and thus later with BMC . A license agreement was signed in December 1952 and production began the following year. Initially, the A40 Somerset model was disassembled and shipped from England to Japan, where it was assembled and sold as Austin . Two years after signing the license agreement, the model A50 Cambridge was converted and, in accordance with the terms of the contract, Nissan gradually began to manufacture parts of the vehicle in Japan, until deliveries from England were no longer necessary. Thus, these cars were last completely manufactured in Japan and there were a total of 21,859 Austins made by Nissan before the license agreement expired in March 1960. In addition to the license production, however, the company continued to create its own passenger cars and the right to patents from the British manufacturer was also incorporated into the Datsun product line.
Soon Nissan tried to open up new market segments and expanded the range in 1957 to include forklifts ( Nissan Forklift ). In the 1960s, Nissan set up branches in many countries around the world, including the United States in 1960, where automobiles had been exported for two years. In 1962 the first deliveries reached Europe and four years later the first branch was opened in Australia. In 1965, Nissan took over Aichi Machine Industry Co., Ltd. based in Nagoya , a manufacturer of micro-cars with engines under 360 cc under the brand name Cony. In the same year, the production facilities in Yokosuka and Zama were completed, which were supplemented by a third plant, which had previously belonged to the Prince Motor Company . This manufacturer of luxury automobiles was completely taken over in August 1966 and some of its vehicles, such as the Prince Skyline or the Prince Gloria, were gradually added to the Nissan model range. In 1966, as part of its expansion, Nissan started vehicle production in Mexico and thus owned the first Japanese-owned automobile factory in North America. The company's headquarters were relocated again from Yokohama to Tokyo in January 1968 and were to remain there for over 40 years.
Another milestone was the introduction of the first Z-series sports car in 1969, the Datsun 240Z . This vehicle brought enormous success to Nissan worldwide because it was offered at a low price and looked sporty. The shape was influenced by the German designer Albrecht Graf von Goertz . The rush for the car was so great that the customers had to accept very long waiting times despite an increase in production capacities. Over the years, other Z models followed, and the Nissan 370Z is still a descendant of the original version. With more than 1.65 million vehicles produced, the Z-series is the world's most successful sports car series of all time.
In 1970 the company advanced into other fields of activity. The production of boat engines was started ( Nissan Marine ) and a rocket equipped with a Nissan engine launched the first Japanese satellite Ōsumi into orbit. The automotive industry was rocked by two oil crises in the 1970s , but the small and fuel-efficient Datsun models helped Nissan survive in the world market. The Sunny in particular achieved high sales figures in the United States at the time, as it took first place in a gasoline consumption test organized by the US Environmental Protection Agency in 1973. The first branch was opened in Germany in the same year.
1980–1999: Global player and near bankruptcy
The Japanese automotive industry boomed in the 1980s and increasingly pushed into foreign markets. As a result, the car manufacturers based there tried to take action against imports, and the governments also toyed with the idea of introducing restrictions on imports. From this Nissan drew the consequence to open new factories for the volume models in the respective sales areas and thus to be regarded as a domestic manufacturer. In addition to the factories in Mexico and Australia (1976), the foundation stone for a US plant was laid in Smyrna, Tennessee , and an existing production facility of Motor Iberica, SA (now Nissan Motor Ibérica ) in Barcelona , Spain was acquired. With this business a first location in Europe was secured and this market was further developed in 1984 with the construction of a factory in Sunderland, England . Production in the USA and Spain began in 1983 with the pick-up or Patrol, and the first Bluebirds left the factory in England in 1986.
To put the company in a new light, it was announced in 1981 that the brand name Datsun was to be given up in favor of the name Nissan. The name Datsun was mainly used as an export name after World War II. At the time, the Japanese management assumed that Nissan would be remembered by the American occupation forces as an armaments company and it was feared that cars under this name would not be sold abroad. But now, more than three decades after the end of the war, this was no longer seen as a problem and the brand name was to be changed in the course of a worldwide marketing campaign. But this also served to reduce the cost of advertising, since the group would then only be known by one name. However, another reason was that the image of the manufacturer in the important US market was damaged by negative headlines and so the name change took place from 1982 to 1984.
In response to the luxury brands of Toyota ( Lexus ) and Honda ( Acura ), Nissan introduced the new Infiniti brand in North America in 1989 . First the Infiniti Q45 based on the Nissan President and later the Infiniti M30 (identical to the Nissan Leopard ) came onto the market . In the same year, Nissan set up a European headquarters in the Netherlands to manage the local market.
In the early 1990s, Nissan slid into a crisis as a result of its approach to finance corporate growth with loans. The trigger for this was a financial crisis in Japan , which caused the entire capital market to collapse. The bad structures within the group increased the effect, because there were too many different vehicle platforms . In addition, purchasing was characterized by the traditional award of contracts to many different Keiretsu partner companies that also sell at poor terms , which drove up costs. All of this worsened Nissan's financial position and the 1991/92 financial year was the last year for a long time in which the company was able to generate a profit. When a few years later an upswing set in, the company continued to make losses in the billions and sales figures also fell. So Nissan was looking for a partner to work with and after Ford and Daimler lost interest, they finally found one in the French manufacturer Renault , which itself had overcome a serious crisis in the mid-1980s.
Since 1999: Renault-Nissan alliance
On March 27, 1999, Renault and Nissan signed a contract that resulted in the Renault-Nissan partnership . The companies affiliated with a share swap continued to be independent and thus each retained control over their management and were also able to generate their own profits. After three years as a renovator at Renault, Carlos Ghosn finally became CEO of Nissan in 1999 and announced the Nissan Revival Plan (NRP) in October . The aim of this was to halve the company's debts and restore competitiveness within a specified period of three years. This was done through a reduction in the number of vehicle platforms used in the group, the closure of some Japanese plants and the dissolution of the Keiretsu structures. However, not only were savings made, but the range of models was expanded by investing in a few new models that were supposed to bring money into the coffers. Ghosn's approach was so effective that Nissan was able to make a profit again as early as 2001 and the NRP was concluded a year earlier than specified.
In 2002 the alliance was expanded into a joint limited company that coordinates the strategic goals and developments. With this inception, Nissan began selling Renault vans under the Nissan brand. After the grandiose success of the first three-year plan, another followed under the name Nissan 180 , where the number 180 stood for the main goals: increasing new vehicle sales by 1 million units per year, increasing the return on sales to 8 percent and completely reducing the debt level to 0 . In addition, there should be a further reduction in purchasing costs and all targets should be achieved by the end of the 2004 financial year. Future Nissan and Renault models have also been designed to be based on the same matching platforms . For example, the Micra K12 and Clio III use the same platform and motor and gear technology are exchanged between the manufacturers.
2006 Nissan Diesel
In 2006 Volvo Truck AB took over the majority stake in Nissan Diesel. From the beginning of 2007, the Group's own Volvo Truck Centers will take over the sales and service of Nissan commercial vehicles (Interstar, Cabstar, Atleon).
2006-2011
In 2007 it was announced that Nissan will set up a joint venture with electronics group NEC in 2008. Together, the two groups want to develop car batteries for hybrid cars.
In 2009, the company introduced the Nissan Leaf, a five-seater electric car , and announced that it would be launched in Japan and the United States in 2010.
Since August 2, 2009, the headquarters of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. is located . back in Yokohama after more than 40 years.
2011 earthquake in Japan
The strongest earthquake in Japan, the Tōhoku earthquake on March 11, 2011, also had a major impact on the activities of the Nissan group. The main plants in Iwaki , Tochigi , Yokohama and Oppama ( Yokosuka ) as well as a facility for business operations management in Zama as well as the Honmoku dock in Yokohama were damaged and had to cease operations immediately. Workers in facilities near the coast were evacuated because of tsunami warnings. On Monday, March 14th, the Kyushu plant in Kanda was also closed and all Nissan automobile plants in Japan had ceased production. In addition, Nissan announced that money and relief goods will be donated and vehicles will be made available. Power-saving measures such as switching off air conditioning systems in administrative buildings or partially switching off the lighting should relieve the power grid. On March 21, production of spare parts and parts for overseas production started again in all production facilities, with the exception of the Iwaki plant, where work was still being carried out on restoring operability. The factories that had already gone into operation started producing cars from stored vehicle parts again on March 24th. Production was resumed in all Japanese production facilities in mid-April, but with limited capacity due to bottlenecks at the supplier companies also affected by the natural disaster. At the end of June, the production figures reached the previous year's level again and in August the resulting delivery backlogs were made up. Thus, the Nissan group overcame the natural disaster faster than the other Japanese automobile manufacturers.
2014 Re-launch of the Datsun brand
In 2014, Datsun was re-launched as an affordable car brand for emerging markets. Since then, Datsun vehicles have been sold in India, Indonesia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Nepal and Lebanon.
2016 joined Mitsubishi
In April 2016, Mitsubishi Motors , Japan’s sixth largest automobile manufacturer, announced that it had manipulated the consumption figures of its models. 625,000 cars, including 468,000 of two models delivered to Nissan, were affected. After Mitsubishi's share price plummeted, Nissan announced on May 12, 2016 that it would acquire a 34% stake in Mitsubishi for 237 billion yen (about 3.2 billion euros). The closing of the transaction was announced on October 20, 2016, together with the announcement that Mitsubishi was now part of the Renault-Nissan alliance. Carlos Ghosn became Chairman of the Mitsubishi Board of Directors effective December 14, 2016, in addition to his roles at Renault, Nissan and Renault-Nissan. Nissan also posted 3 other directors.
2020 consolidation in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic
After heavy losses in the 2019 financial year, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Nissan Motors announced in May 2020 that it would focus more on its core markets of Japan, China and the USA, as well as on higher-margin models. In this context, the Nissan Motor Ibérica production plant in Barcelona is to be closed, the South Korean sales market is to be abandoned and production is to be relocated from Indonesia to Thailand.
Company management
Presidents and CEOs
- 1933-1939 Yoshisuke Aikawa
- 1939–1942 Masasuke Murakami
- 1942-1944 Genshichi Asahara
- 1944-1945 Haruto Kudo
- 1945 Takeshi Murayama
- 1945–1947 Souji Yamamoto
- 1947-1951 Taichi Minoura
- 1951-1957 Genshichi Asahara
- 1957–1973 Katsuji Kawamata
- 1973–1977 Tadahiro Iwakoshi
- 1977–1985 Takashi Ishihara
- 1985-1992 Yutaka Kume
- 1992-1996 Yoshifume Tsuji
- 1996-2001 Yoshikazu Hanawa
- 2001–2017 Carlos Ghosn
- 2017–2019 Hiroto Saikawa
- since 2019 Makoto Uchida
Top management
Until 2013, day-to-day operations were headed by Chief Operating Officer Toshiyuki Shiga , especially because company boss Carlos Ghosn has to share time and attention with Renault . After disappointing quarterly figures, Shiga was promoted to Vice Chairman at the end of 2013 and replaced by the triumvirate Hiroto Saikawa , Andy Palmer and Trevor Mann . Andy Palmer left the company in 2014 and was replaced by Philippe Klein . Trevor Mann also left Nissan in 2016 and Hiroto Saikawa became CEO in 2017.
Brand management and corporate identity
Brands
Nissan: Since 1984/85, Nissan's volume models have been sold worldwide under the “Nissan” brand.
Datsun: Until 1983, Nissan vehicles were sold under the “ Datsun ” brand in most export markets . In 1984 all vehicles bore both the Datsun and the Nissan logo, and in 1985 the Datsun name disappeared completely and was replaced by the Nissan brand. The Datsun brand was reintroduced in 2013, now for affordable entry-level models for young markets, e.g. B. in Russia. In India, however, the Nissan brand is used for the same purpose.
Infiniti: Nissan has been selling its premium vehicles under the “ Infiniti ” brand since 1989 . In 2012, Infiniti relocated to Hong Kong , where it operates as Infiniti Global Limited. The Chairman of the Board of Management is the former head of Audi of America, Johan de Nysschen . Infiniti vehicles have also been sold in Japan since 2014.
NISMO: Nissan's factory tuner is NISMO , short for "Nissan Motorsport International Limited."
Corporate identity
For many years Nissan used a red word mark as a company logo and also vehicle emblems for the brands Nissan and Infiniti.
At the annual press conference in 2013, Nissan presented a new CI, which should make the difference between the Nissan company and the Nissan brand clear. Nissan is proceeding here in a similar way to the Volkswagen Group: The emblems of the Nissan, Infiniti and Datsun brands are located under a group word mark “NISSAN MOTOR COMPANY,”.
Sales denominations
Passenger cars
Microcar
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
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| 1999-2001 | Nissan Hypermini | Mainly intended for the Japanese market, the Hypermini is an electric vehicle, 220 of which were produced. A few copies were also exported to other Asian countries. |
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| 2001-2016 | Nissan Moco | The Moco is the successor to the Be-1 , identical to the Suzuki MR Wagon and only available in Japan. |
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| 2005-2013 | Nissan Otti | The Nissan Otti is identical to the Mitsubishi eK , which has been available on the Japanese market since 2001. The Otti is manufactured by Mitsubishi and delivered to Nissan. |
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| 2007-2010 | Nissan Pino | The Pino is supposed to look like the retro-style Be-1 and is only intended for sale in Japan. |
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| 2009-2013 | Nissan Pixo | The Pixo is largely identical to the Suzuki Alto , both are manufactured in India by Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. manufactured. In Germany, it has been available with a gasoline engine and either a manual or automatic transmission since June 2009. |
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| since 2013 | Nissan Dayz | The Nissan Dayz is the successor to the Otti, which has been manufactured in two generations, and is like this identical to the Mitsubishi eK . It is only offered in Japan. |
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Small car
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
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| 1987-1989 | Nissan Be-1 | The Be-1 is based on the Micra and has a retro look. |
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| 1991 | Nissan Figaro | The Figaro is a small retro-design roadster based on the Micra . Special features are the four standard paint colors that represent the different seasons, as well as the turbo-charged gasoline engine. |
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| 1989-1993 | Nissan Pao | The Nissan Pao is a retro-styled small car that was developed based on the Be-1 and uses the same platform as the Micra . |
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| since 1984 | Nissan Micra | The Micra was originally launched as the Datsun Micra in 1982. It has been on the market as Nissan since 1984 and has been four generations so far. In 1993, it was voted Car of the Year , making it the first Japanese vehicle to receive this award. In other markets it is also marketed as the Nissan March . |
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| 2002-2008 | Nissan Platina | The Platina was offered in Central and South America based on the notchback version of the Renault Clio. Since 2008 it has only been available in Mexico after a minor facelift. |
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Compact class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image | |
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| 1982-1986 | Nissan Cherry | The Cherry originally came on the market as Datsun Cherry and was the Nissan Group's first front-wheel drive car model when it was launched. Based on the Cherry, the Arna was created in 1983 in collaboration with the Italian manufacturer Alfa Romeo . |
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| 1994-1999 | Nissan Lucino | The Lucino was called the 200SX in North America. It was not available in Europe. |
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| 1981-2004 | Nissan Sunny | The Datsun Sunny was the first model in the compact class of the Nissan Group in 1966. With the switch from rear-wheel to front-wheel drive in 1981, it was now sold as Nissan. This version was also the first model to be offered in Germany as Nissan in 1982. |
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| 1978-2006 | Nissan Pulsar | The Nissan Pulsar was sold from 1978 to 2006. In Europe it was offered under a different name. In Germany it was available as Sunny from 1985 to 1995 and as Almera from 1995 to 2006 . |
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| 1995-2006 | Nissan Almera | In Europe the successor to the Sunny . It was offered as a three- and five-door hatchback and notchback, and from the second generation onwards from 2000, it was also offered as a compact van Tino . The Almera is technically based on the pulsar . |
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| since 2000 | Nissan Bluebird Sylphy | The first generation of the Bluebird Sylphy corresponds to a slightly modified pulsar . With the discontinuation of the Pulsar series, an independent model was developed in the second generation. The Bluebird Sylphy is mainly offered in Asia. |
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| since 2004 | Nissan Tiida | The Tiida was initially only offered in Japan and the USA. It was not until the beginning of 2008 that it came to Europe as the successor to the Almera . Body styles: five-door hatchback and four-door notchback. |
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| 2007-2010 | Nissan Aprio | The Nissan Aprio is identical to the Dacia Logan and is sold in Central America. A pick-up variant called the NP200 is available in South Africa. |
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| since 2010 | Nissan Leaf | The Leaf is the first Nissan electric car to be mass-produced and available worldwide. As the first vehicle of its kind, it was able to secure the European Car of the Year 2011 award . |
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| 2014-2018 | Nissan Pulsar | European compact class model. Available as 1.2 turbo petrol, 1.6 liter turbo petrol and 1.5 liter diesel in three equipment lines (Visia, Acenta and Tecna). Lots of legroom in the second row. |
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| since 2015 | Nissan Lannia | Notchback model for the Chinese market. |
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Middle class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
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| 1953-1954 | Nissan A40 | The A40 was the first model Nissan produced under a contract with the Austin Motor Company . For this purpose, parts sets of the Austin A40 were exported to Japan and assembled there. It was discontinued in November 1954 in favor of the slightly larger Nissan A50, after the license of the ( Austin A50 Cambridge ). |
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| 1973–1985 | Nissan oyster | The Datsun Violet and the 2nd generation of the Stanza were marketed in the home market with higher equipment than Nissan Auster. |
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| 1981-1992 | Nissan Stanza | The first generation of the Datsun Stanza was rear-wheel drive. The 2nd generation was converted to front-wheel drive and in some cases already marketed as the Nissan Stanza. The third generation was marketed in Europe as the Nissan Bluebird, later versions of the Nissan Stanza were reserved for Japan and the USA. |
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| 1990-2000 | Nissan Presea | Was only available in Asia and Oceania as a front-wheel drive sedan without B-pillars. |
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| 1983-2001 | Nissan Bluebird | The Datsun Bluebird was converted to front-wheel drive in 1983 and is now marketed as Nissan. From 1984 to 1986 this version was also offered in Germany. Between 1986 and 1990 the Nissan Bluebird T12 was offered in Europe, built by Nissan Motor Manufacturing (UK) , but was a Nissan Stanza T12. Only the station wagon version of the actual Bluebird U12 was imported, with a front adapted to the Stanza T12. In 1990, the Primera followed in Europe, while the Bluebird continued to be offered in other markets. |
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| 1997-2001 | Nissan R'nessa | The R'Nessa was only available as a station wagon, which was available with three different petrol engines. In a series of 200 and an electric version as R'NESSA EV or EV Altra originated (EV = electric vehicle, dt. Electric vehicle ), were installed in the lithium-ion batteries as an energy source. |
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| 1990-2005 | Nissan Avenir | The Avenir, which was only produced as a station wagon, was the successor to the Bluebird station wagon . It shared many technical details with the Primera , which came onto the market around the same time, and was also its first station wagon version. The Avenir was mainly intended for the Japanese market. |
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| 1990-2007 | Nissan Primera | The Primera was launched in 1990 and was supposed to replace the Bluebird in Europe. After three series, production was discontinued in spring 2007 without a successor. The Primera was also offered as the Infiniti G20 in the US. |
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| 1996-2007 | Nissan Stagea | A station wagon produced in two generations for Japan, which also incorporates technology from the Skyline Turbo. |
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| since 1957 | Nissan Skyline | A successful mid-range car that has been produced in the eleventh generation since 1957. Body styles: four-door notchback sedan and a two-door coupe. |
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| since 1992 | Nissan Altima | Made in the USA and intended primarily for the North American market. The Altima replaced the Stanza there and is currently in its fourth generation. |
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| 1994-2009 | Nissan crew | Rear-wheel drive sedan for the Japanese market, which was designed for fleet use by taxi companies or similar companies. |
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| 1996-2018 | Nissan Wingroad | A mid-range station wagon built in three generations so far. |
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upper middle class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
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| 1955-1959 | Nissan A50 | The A50 was also produced under a license from Austin after the Austin A50 Cambridge and replaced the Datsun DB series. Unlike the Nissan A40 , all parts were produced in Japan. It was positioned higher than the A40 and was the predecessor of the Nissan Cedric. |
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| 1959-2004 | Nissan Gloria | Was first manufactured on the basis of the Skyline by the Japanese manufacturer Prince and kept in the program after it was taken over by Nissan. From 1971 the Gloria was technically the same as the Cedric. |
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| 1960-2004 | Nissan Cedric | The Cedric was created as a direct competitor to the Prince Skyline and Gloria. After Nissan took over this manufacturer, all models were built in parallel by Cedric / Gloria until the end of production. |
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| 1968-2003 | Nissan Laurel | After the takeover by Nissan, the Laurel developed by Prince was launched as Nissan. From 1977 it was also included in the range in Germany and finally replaced throughout Europe in 1989 by the Maxima. Production was stopped in 2003 without a successor. |
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| 1980-1999 | Nissan Leopard | Was available in four generations as a sedan and coupe in Japan. The Leopard was exported to the USA as the Infiniti M30 (1990–1992) and Infiniti J30 (1992–1997). |
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| 1986-1993 | Nissan Pintara | Made in Australia as a version of the Skyline (1st generation) and Bluebird (2nd generation) for the Australasian market. Was also sold there as a Ford Corsair . |
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| 1988-2003 | Nissan Cefiro |
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| since 1985 | Nissan Maxima | started 1980 as Datsun Maxima and was an extended version of the Datsun Bluebird 910. Since 1985 it has been built as Nissan Maxima. It was introduced in Europe in 1989 as the successor to the Laurel and offered until 2004. |
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| since 2003 | Nissan Teana |
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| since 2004 | Nissan Fuga | Is only available in the Japanese market, export model is the Infiniti M . The Nissan Fuga is the successor to the Gloria / Cedric and, since the production of the luxury class vehicles President and Cima, is currently Nissan's most luxurious model. |
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Upper class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
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| 1965-2010 | Nissan President | The Nissan President was built in three generations and was the flagship of the group for a long time. It was located in the upper class and was only sold in Asia. |
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1988–2010 , since 2012 |
Nissan Cima | The Cima, only built as a four-door sedan, was initially based on the Cedric / Gloria. 1996-2010 it was identical to the Infiniti Q45 . |
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Microvan
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009-2013 | Nissan Roox | A sister model of the Suzuki range with two sliding side doors that is only available in Japan . Available with a naturally aspirated and turbo engine, with all-wheel drive on request. |
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| since 2013 | Nissan Dayz Roox | The successor to the Roox has only been available in Japan since 2013. |
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Minivan
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1989-1992 | Nissan S-Cargo | The S-Cargo is a small van that was only available in Japan and whose retro design was inspired by the Citroën 2CV . Technically, it is based on the first generation Micra . |
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| since 1998 | Nissan Cube | The Nissan Cube has been in production since 1998 and was only available in Japan for the first two generations. With the current model, the range has been extended to the North American and European markets, but Nissan stopped importing to Europe at the beginning of 2011 due to insufficient demand. |
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| since 2005 | Nissan Note | A small van that indirectly represents the Almera Tino . In 2007 and 2009 there were minor revisions. The second generation was presented in autumn 2012. |
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Compact van
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1981-1998 | Nissan Prairie | Introduced towards the end of 1981, the Prairie became one of the first representatives of compact vans. It was also offered in Europe between autumn 1982 and mid-1994. |
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| 1998-2004 | Nissan Liberty | Successor to the Prairie, which was only offered in Japan and the USA. |
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| 2000-2006 | Nissan Almera Tino | The Almera Tino is a compact van that was developed on the basis of the Almera. A facelift followed at the end of 2002, which, in addition to slight optical retouching, also brought new common-rail diesel engines from Renault with it. The Nissan Note can be considered an indirect successor. |
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Van
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1999-2003 | Nissan Bassara | Only sold in Asian markets and replaced by the Presage . |
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| 1998-2009 | Nissan Presage | A van whose two generations were only offered in Asia. An optional all-wheel drive could be combined with most of the engine variants. |
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| since 1978 | Nissan Vanette | Built in several generations. The first two were also available in Europe. The Nissan Evalia in Europe largely corresponds to the current version. |
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| since 1991 | Nissan Serena | The Nissan Serena is a van that has been built since 1991. Four generations already exist, with only the first being offered in Europe until 2003. |
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| since 1992 | Nissan Quest | The Nissan Quest is identical to the Mercury Villager until 2002 . Nissan has been producing its own series since 2004. |
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| since 1997 | Nissan Elgrand | A luxurious van that is only available in Asian countries and can accommodate seven to eight people. |
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| 2004-2017 | Nissan Lafesta | Only available in Asia. |
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| since 2006 | Nissan Livina Geniss | Only offered in Asia. It is sold for the Chinese market by the local manufacturer Dongfeng Motor Corporation . |
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Pickup truck / minibus
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| since 1973 | Nissan Caravan | The Nissan Caravan is sold outside of Japan as a Homy. Until 2001 it was also offered in Europe as the Nissan Urvan. |
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| since 1978 | Nissan Vanette Largo / Cargo | The van Nissan Vanette Largo was also built in Europe in different versions as Vanette Cargo until 2001. The current model is based on the Mazda Bongo . |
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| 2002-2016 | Nissan Primastar | The Nissan Primastar emerged from the collaboration with Renault and is identical to the Renault Trafic II and the Opel Vivaro A. |
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| 2002-2010 | Nissan Interstar | The Nissan Interstar comes from the collaboration with Renault and is identical to the Renault Master II and the Opel Movano A. |
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| since 2009 | Nissan NV200 | Successor to the Nissan Kubistar . Available as a panel van or station wagon with five or seven seats. Van of the year 2010. |
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| since 2019 | Nissan NV250 | Successor to the Nissan NV200 . Available as a panel van or station wagon with two, five or seven seats. Rebadged Renault Kangoo | |
| since 2010 | Nissan NV400 | Replaces the Nissan Interstar in Central Europe . Based on the Renault Master III and Opel Movano B. |
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| since 2016 | Nissan NV300 | Replaces the Nissan Primastar in Central Europe . Based on the Renault Trafic III and the Opel Vivaro B. |
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SUV
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995-1997 | Nissan Winner | middle East | |
| 1994-2000 | Nissan Rasheen | Three-generation SUV with a retro design. |
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| 2000-2015 | Nissan Xterra | The Nissan Xterra, built in the US and Brazil on the Nissan F-Alpha platform, is not offered in Japan and Europe. In Iran it is built under license from Pars Khodro and sold as Nissan Roniz, in China as Nissan Paladin by Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile. |
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| since 2001 | Nissan X-Trail | Front-wheel drive SUV as standard, the first generation of which was able to win numerous comparative tests in Germany. In the summer of 2007, a newly developed, slightly larger model came onto the market, which, however, looked very similar to its predecessor. All versions are also available with all-wheel drive. |
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| since 2003 | Nissan Murano | An SUV with independent suspension and all-wheel drive that was offered in Europe from 2005 to 2014. In autumn 2008 a new generation was introduced, with the engine power being increased slightly. Since the late summer of 2010 there has been a diesel version with a 2.5 liter displacement and 190 PS (approx. Err kW). The latest generation was introduced in 2014, but only in the USA. |
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| since 2004 | Nissan Armada | The Armada is the SUV version of the Titan and is identical to the second generation of the Infiniti QX 56. It has switchable all-wheel drive and is made in the USA. |
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| since 2007 | Nissan Rogue | The Rogue is available with only one gasoline engine and can be equipped with all-wheel drive. It is only intended for the North American market. |
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| since 2007 | Nissan Qashqai | The Qashqai (Dualis in Japan) is a crossover SUV that was launched in Germany in February 2007 and is positioned between the Tiida and X-Trail in the model range . An extended version with a third row of seats appeared in autumn 2008 as Qashqai + 2. With five stars for occupant protection in the Euro NCAP crash test, the Qashqai is one of the safest vehicles in its class. In March 2010 it was revised and got the current Nissan design. The second generation was introduced at the beginning of 2014, but is no longer available as a long version +2. |
|
| since 2010 | Nissan Juke | Small standard front-wheel drive SUV below the Qashqai . The most powerful variant has a 1.6-liter gasoline engine with a turbocharger that develops 190 hp (140 kW) and can optionally be equipped with all-wheel drive. |
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| since 2016 | Nissan kicks | A compact SUV that was presented for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil. The Kicks is not available in Europe. |
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| since 2017 | Nissan Rogue Sport | In North America, the Rogue Sport based on the Nissan Qashqai has been sold since 2017. |
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| since 2018 | Nissan Terra | The successor to the Nissan Xterra has been built in China and Thailand since 2018. |
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| from 2020 | Nissan Ariya | The Nissan Ariya is Nissan's first battery-electric SUV. It was presented in 2020. |
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Off-road vehicle
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986-1997 | Nissan Hardbody |
|
|
| 1987-2004 | Nissan Terrano | The Terrano I (1987–1995) was developed as a competitor to the Toyota 4Runner, which was successful in the USA. Due to the high demand, even after the successor appeared, it remained in the program until 1995. The Terrano II (1993-2004) was again created as a joint product from the cooperation between Ford and Nissan and had a body that was much more typical of the class, whereas the predecessor looked more like a combination. It received several facelifts and was kept up to date until the end of production in 2004. |
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| since 1951 | Nissan Patrol | The Patrol is a classic off-road vehicle and has been sold as the Nissan Safari in Japan since production began. The introduction in Europe began in mid-1980. There he stayed in the program until autumn 2009. Since then, it has been more of an SUV, as it lacks typical off-road vehicle properties such as a ladder frame. |
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| since 1986 | Nissan Navara | A pickup derived from the Datsun pickup. The third generation Navara was presented at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2005. It resembles the Pathfinder up to the A-pillar and represents its pick-up version. The Navara is offered in the USA under the name Frontier. |
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| since 1988 | Nissan pick-up | A pick-up primarily intended for the European market, the forerunner of which was first manufactured in 1927 and still marketed as Datsun. In 2007 the third generation came on the market, which is only called pick-up in China and is called the NP 300 in the other markets. |
|
| since 1995 | Nissan Pathfinder | The Pathfinder was designed as the successor to the Terrano I. Since this was replaced in Europe by a model of the same name with the addition "II", it was initially reserved for the Japanese and North American markets. 1997 was also introduced in Europe, as the Terrano II was no longer offered in Europe with V6 engines. From 2004 to 2014, the Pathfinder completely took over the place of the Terrano II on the European market. |
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| since 2003 | Nissan NP200 | The Nissan NP200 is a license build of the pick-up version of the Dacia Logan and is available in South Africa. |
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| since 2004 | Nissan Titan | A pick-up truck with a V8 petrol engine available only in the US market. Available with rear-wheel or all-wheel drive, two wheelbases and a two- or four-door cab. |
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Sports coupe
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1982-1990 | Nissan EXA | The EXA was sold in the US under the trade name Pulsar NX, or simply NX. It was based on the B11 / B12 series of the Sunny. |
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| 1986-1990 | Nissan Sunny Coupe B12 | A 2 + 2-seater coupé based on the Sunny B12 not available in Germany. |
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| 1990-1995 | Nissan 100NX | Small sports coupé that was also available with a Targa roof. It replaced the Sunny Coupé. |
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| 1964-2002 | Nissan 200SX | The Nissan 200SX is also called the 180SX, 240SX, Gazelle or Silvia, depending on the engine and the market in which it is sold. In Germany, however, from 1984 to 1998 it was only offered as Silvia (1984–1989) or as 200SX (1989–1998). The coupe continued to run in Japan and the USA until 2002. See also: Nissan SilEighty (small series) |
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Sports car
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1959-1970 | Datsun Sports | The Datsun Sports was offered in Japan under the name Fairlady. |
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| 1969-1988 | Datsun Z | The Datsun Z was sold as a 240Z, 260Z or 280Z depending on the engine. In Japan, like its predecessor, it was called Fairlady. |
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| 1978-1983 | Datsun 280ZX | The 280ZX replaced the 280Z and was replaced by the 300ZX in 1983. The model was, like all 280ZX and 300ZX, available with glass roof halves (Targa roof). |
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| 1983-2000 | Nissan 300ZX | The 300ZX was produced in two generations (Z31: 1983–1989; Z32, also called 300 ZX TT: 1989–2000) as a three-door sports coupé. In Japan and the USA, a convertible version of the Z32 was also offered from 1993. There was also a HICAS all-wheel steering system developed by Nissan for the second generation. As early as 1995, the export to Europe was stopped for lack of success. |
|
| 2002-2009 | Nissan 350Z | The 350Z is a sports coupé with a 3.5-liter V6 engine, the output of which was gradually increased in 2005 and 2007 from the original 280 hp to the final 313 hp. In 2003 a roadster came onto the market, which was built until summer 2009 after the coupé was stopped in production in 2008. The successor is the 370Z. |
|
| since 2008 | Nissan GT-R | The Nissan GT-R is currently the most powerful sports car offered by Nissan. It is the successor to the famous GT-R versions of the Nissan Skyline, from which its name is derived. |
|
| since 2008 | Nissan 370Z | As a coupé, the 370Z has been available in Japan since December 2008 as the successor to the 350Z, where it traditionally bears the name Fairlady. Sales started in Europe in April 2009. A 3.7-liter V6 engine with variable valve control serves as the drive. In the summer of 2010, a roadster was introduced to replace the 350Z roadster that had been offered to date. |
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commercial vehicles
Vans
- Nissan Kubistar (identical to Renault Kangoo )
- Nissan Trade
- Nissan NV200 , also available as an electric vehicle as the e-NV200 since 2013
- Nissan NV250
truck
minibus
- Nissan Civilian - minibus for 26 passengers, is still being built today
Others
race car
Concept vehicle
- Nissan CUE-X , Tokyo Motor Show 1985, template for the later Infiniti Q45
- Nissan Saurus , Tokyo Motor Show 1987, open, 2-seater mid-engined sports car
- Nissan NEO-X , 1990
- Nissan Pivo , Tokyo Motor Show 2005
- Nissan Bevel , North American International Auto Show 2007
- Nissan Mixim , IAA 2007
- Nissan Nuvu , Mondial de l'Automobile 2008
- Nissan e-NT400 Concept , truck with lithium-ion battery , IAA 2012, (here photo)
Timelines
literature
- Joachim Kuch: Nissan since 1933. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-613-02491-8 .
Web links
- Official website of the group
- Official website (Germany)
- Official website (Austria)
- Official website (Switzerland)
Company history
- First half of the history of Nissan , 1930’s , 1940’s , 1950’s , 1960’s , 1970’s , 1980’s , 1990’s , 2000’s , 2010’s nissan-global.com
- Nissan Builds Austin Cars under License austinmemories.com
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Outline of Company nissan-global.com, accessed on September 16, 2019.
- ^ Nissan share. Retrieved November 17, 2017 .
- ^ The World's Largest Public Companies . In: Forbes . ( forbes.com [accessed July 17, 2018]).
- ↑ FAZ.net April 7, 2010: Cross-shareholding: alliance of Daimler, Renault and Nissan is in place
- ↑ by Manshū Koku Hikōki Seizō (founded 1938. 満 州 飛行 機 製造 ; Manshū Aircraft Company )
- ^ Homepage of Nissan USA ( Memento from November 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Z - THE SIGN OF A LEGEND , accessed August 16, 2010
- ↑ Nissan completes Nissan Revival plan one year ahead of schedule , accessed August 17, 2010
- ↑ Extensive product renewal: Nissan 180 Plan , accessed on August 17, 2010
- ↑ Christian Gebhardt: Large-scale electric car celebrates its world premiere. In: auto motor und sport , August 2, 2009.
- ^ Announcement at tagesschau.de, August 2, 2009 (archived website).
- ^ Inauguration of new Nissan Global Headquarters ( Memento from January 24, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on August 18, 2010
- ^ Report following the earthquake in Northern Japan (update). ( Memento of March 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: nissan-global.com , March 11, 2011, accessed on March 14, 2011 (English).
- ^ Report following the earthquake in Northern Japan (report # 3). ( Memento of March 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: nissan-global.com , March 12, 2011, accessed on March 14, 2011 (English).
- ^ Report following earthquake (report # 4) - Forecasts on Production. ( Memento of March 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: nissan-global.com , March 14, 2011, accessed on March 14, 2011 (English).
- ^ Nissan Report # 6 - Post Earthquake Activities. ( Memento of March 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: nissan-global.com , March 20, 2011, accessed on March 22, 2011 (English).
- ^ Nissan Report # 7 - Post Earthquake Activities. ( Memento of April 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: nissan-global.com , March 25, 2011, accessed on March 25, 2011 (English).
- ^ Nissan Report # 9 - Post Earthquake Activities. ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: nissan-global.com , April 8, 2011, accessed on March 8, 2011 (English).
- ↑ Production at Toyota is approaching pre-earthquake level ( memento from December 31, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), automobil-produktion.de from July 25, 2011, accessed on July 25, 2012
- ↑ Nissan has recovered again ( Memento from February 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), automobil-produktion.de from February 8, 2012, accessed on July 25, 2012
- ↑ Datsun will be back from 2014 Auto Bild , April 2013.
- ^ Sean Farrell: Mitsubishi Motors admits manipulating fuel economy tests. The Guardian , April 20, 2016, accessed April 21, 2016 .
- ^ Angela Monaghan: Mitsubishi share price crashes as officials raid offices. The Guardian , April 21, 2016, accessed April 21, 2016 .
- ^ Nissan and Mitsubishi Motors Plan Alliance . nissan-global.com. May 12, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
- ^ Nissan strengthens alliance with acquisition of 34 stake in Mitsubishi Motors . blog.alliance-renault-nissan.com. October 20, 2016. Archived from the original on October 30, 2016. Retrieved on October 30, 2016.
- ^ Notice Concerning Personnel Change . mitsubishi-motors.com. May 12, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
- ↑ Nissan plant in Barcelona in front of the report from the daily DIE WELT of May 28, 2020, accessed on May 29, 2020
- ^ Nissan Board of Directors announces decisions press release dated November 22, 2018.
- ^ Nissan announces management makeover, COO Shiga to become vice chairman . Reuters. November 1, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2013.
- ↑ Nissan Reshuffles Top Leadership After Underwhelming Q2 Results . WardsAuto. November 1, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2013.
- ↑ Japan's Nissan brings luxury Infiniti badge home Reuters , November 2013.
- ^ Nissan Juke NISMO Concept Car and Driver , November 2011.
- ↑ Nissan branding . Push design. Archived from the original on December 16, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2013.
- ^ Nissan debuts new corporate logo . Automotive News. May 10, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2013.
- ↑ 1985 Nissan CUE-X. In: carstyling.ru (English).
- ^ Nissan-Saurus: From the "what-could've-been" files. In: autoblog , December 25, 2007 (English).
- ↑ The light motor vehicle. In: Auto Bild , October 2, 2008.
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