List of Heads of State 1974

Overview
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Africa

• Egypt
  • Head of State: President Anwar as-Sadat (1970–1981) (1973–1974, 1980–1981 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Anwar as-Sadat (1973–25 September 1974, 1980–1981 ) (1970–1981 President)
    • Prime Minister Abd al-Aziz Muhammad Hijazi (September 25, 1974–1975)

• Algeria
  • Head of State and Government: President of the Revolutionary Council Houari Boumedienne (1965–1978) (President from 1976)

• Equatorial Guinea
  • Head of State and Government: President Francisco Macías Nguema (1968–1979)

• Ethiopia (until September 12, 1974 Empire )
  • Head of State:
    • Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–12 September 1974) (1936–1941 in exile)
    • Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council, Aman Andom (September 12, 1974– November 17, 1974)
    • Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Mengistu Haile Mariam (November 17, 1974– November 28, 1974, 1977–1987 ) (President 1987–1991)
    • Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Tafari Benti (November 28, 1974–1977)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Aklilu Habte-Wold (1961–28 February 1974)
    • Prime Minister Endelkachew Makonnen (February 28, 1974– July 22, 1974)
    • Prime Minister Mikael Imru (July 22, 1974– September 12, 1974) (office abolished)

• Botswana
  • Head of State and Government: President Seretse Khama (1966–1980)

• Burundi
  • Head of State and Government: President Michel Micombero (1966–1976) (Prime Minister 1966)

• Dahomey (from 1975 Benin )
  • Head of State and Government: President Mathieu Kérékou (1972–1991, 1996–2006 )

• Ivory Coast
  • Head of State and Government: President Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1960–1993)

• Gabon
  • Head of State and Government: President Omar Bongo (1967–2009)

• Gambia
  • Head of State and Government: President Dawda Jawara (1970–1994) (Prime Minister 1965–1970)

• Ghana
  • Head of State and Government: Chairman of the National Compliance Council Ignatius Kutu Acheampong (1972–1978) (from 1975 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council)

• Guinea
  • Head of State: President Ahmed Sékou Touré (1958–1984)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Louis Lansana Béavogui (1972–1984)

• Guinea-Bissau (declared independence on September 24, 1973; recognized on September 10, 1974)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the State Council Luís Cabral (1973–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Francisco Mendes (1973–1978)

• Cameroon
  • Head of State and Government: President Ahmadou Ahidjo (1960–1982)

• Kenya
  • Head of State and Government: President Jomo Kenyatta (1964–1978) (Prime Minister 1963–1964)

• People's Republic of the Congo (1960–1970 Congo-Brazzaville ; from 1992 Republic of the Congo )
  • Head of State: President Marien Ngouabi ( 1968 , 1969–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Henri Lopès (1973–1975)

• Lesotho
  • Head of State: King Moshoeshoe II ( 1966–1970 , 1970–1990, 1995–1996 )
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan (1966–1986) (1970 Head of State)

• Liberia
  • Heads of State or Government: President William R. Tolbert, Jr. (1971–1980)

• Libya
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council Muammar al-Gaddafi (1969–1979) (1979–2011 revolutionary leader)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Abd al-Salam Jallud (1972–1977)

• Madagascar
  • Head of State: President Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1972–1975) (1972–1975 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1972–1975) (1972–1975 President)

• Malawi
  • Head of State and Government: President Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1966–1994) (Prime Minister 1964–1966)

• Mali
  • Head of State and Government: President Moussa Traoré (1968–1991)

• Morocco
  • Head of State: King Hassan II (1961–1999)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ahmed Osman (1972–1979)

• Mauritania
  • Head of State and Government: President Moktar Ould Daddah (1960–1978)

• Mauritius
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1968–1992)
    • Governor General: Raman Osman (1972–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1968–1982) (1983–1985 Governor General)

• Niger
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Hamani Diori (1960– April 15, 1974)
    • President of the Supreme Military Council Seyni Kountché (April 17, 1974–1987)

• Nigeria
  • Head of State and Government: Head of the Federal Military Government Yakubu Gowon (1966–1975)

• Upper Volta (from 1984 Burkina Faso )
  • Head of State: President Sangoulé Lamizana (1966–1980) (1974–1980 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Gérard Kango Ouédraogo (1971–8 February 1974)
    • Prime Minister Sangoulé Lamizana (February 8, 1974–1980) (President 1966–1980)

• Rhodesia (not internationally recognized) (since 1980 Zimbabwe )
  • Head of State: President Clifford Dupont (1970–1975) (1965–1970 administrative officer of the government)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ian Smith (1965–1979)

• Rwanda
  • Head of State and Government: President Juvénal Habyarimana (1973–1994)

• Zambia
  • Head of State: President Kenneth Kaunda (1964–1991)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mainza Chona (1973–1975, 1977–1978 )

• Senegal
  • Head of State: President Léopold Sédar Senghor (1960–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdou Diouf (1970–1980) (1981–2000 President)

• Sierra Leone
  • Head of State: President Siaka Stevens (1971–1985) (1967, 1968–1971 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sorie Ibrahim Koroma (1971–1975)

• Somalia
  • Head of State and Government: President Siad Barre (1969–1991)

• South Africa
  • Head of State: President Jacobus Johannes Fouché (1968–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Balthazar Johannes Vorster (1966–1978) (1978–1979 President)

• Sudan
  • Head of State: President Jafar an-Numairi ( 1969–1971 , 1971–1985) (1969–1976, 1977–1985 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Jafar an-Numairi (1969–1976, 1977–1985 ) (1969–1971, 1971–1985 President)

• Swaziland
  • Head of State: King Sobhuza II. (1968–1982)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Makhosini Dlamini (1968–1976)

• Tanzania
  • Head of State: President Julius Nyerere (1962–1985) (Prime Minister 1961–1962)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Rashidi Kawawa (1972–1977)

• Togo
  • Head of State and Government: President Étienne Eyadéma (1967–2005) (from May 8, 1974 Gnassingbé Eyadéma)

• Chad
  • Head of State and Government: President Ngarta Tombalbaye (1960–1975)

• Tunisia
  • Head of State: President Habib Bourguiba (1957–1987)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Hédi Nouira (1970–1980)

• Uganda
  • Head of State and Government: President Idi Amin (1971–1979)

• Zaïre (until 1964 Congo-Léopoldville , 1964–1971, since 1997 Democratic Republic of the Congo )
  • Head of State and Government: President Mobutu Sese Seko (1965–1997)

• Central African Republic
  • Head of State and Government: President Jean-Bédel Bokassa (1966–1979) (from 1976 Kaiser)

America

North America

• Canada
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Governor General :
      • Roland Michener (1967–14 January 1974)
      • Jules Léger (January 14, 1974–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau (1968–1979, 1980–1984 )

• Mexico
  • Head of State and Government: President Luis Echeverría Álvarez (1970–1976)

• United States of America
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Richard Nixon (1969– August 9, 1974)
    • President Gerald Ford (Aug. 9, 1974–1977)

Central America

• Bahamas
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1973)
    • Governor General : Milo Butler (1973–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lynden O. Pindling (1973–1992)

• Barbados
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1966)
    • Governor General Arleigh Winston Scott (1967–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Errol Walton Barrow (1966–1976, 1986–1987 )

• Costa Rica
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President José Figueres Ferrer (1970–8 May 1974)
    • President Daniel Oduber Quirós (May 8, 1974–1978)

• Dominican Republic
  • Head of State and Government: President Joaquín Balaguer ( 1950–1962 , 1966–1978, 1986–1996 )

• El Salvador
  • Head of State and Government: President Arturo Armando Molina (1972–1977)

• Grenada (1974 independence)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since February 7, 1974)
    • Governor General Leo de Gale (February 7, 1974–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Eric Gairy (February 7, 1974–1979)

• Guatemala
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Carlos Arana Osorio (1970–1 July 1974)
    • President Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García (July 1, 1974–1978)

• Haiti
  • Head of State and Government: President Jean-Claude Duvalier (1971–1986)

• Honduras
  • Head of State and Government: President Oswaldo López Arellano ( 1963–1971 , 1972–1975) (1956–1957 member of the military government council)

• Jamaica
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1962)
    • Governor General : Florizel Glasspole (1973–1991)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Michael Manley (1972–1980, 1989–1992 )

• Cuba
  • Head of State: President Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado (1959–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Fidel Castro (1959–2008) (1976–2008 President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers)

• Nicaragua
  • Head of State and Government:
    • National government junta :
      • Alfonso Lovo Cordero (1972–1 December 1974)
      • Roberto Martínez Lacayo (1972–1 December 1974)
      • Edmundo Paguaga Irías (1973–1 December 1974)
    • President Anastasio Somoza Debayle ( 1967–1972 , December 1, 1974–1979)

• Panama
  • Head of State and Government: President Demetrio Basilio Lakas (1969–1978)

• Trinidad and Tobago
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1952–1976)
    • Governor General : Ellis Clarke (1972–1976) (1976–1987 President)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Eric Eustace Williams (1962–1981)

South America

• Argentina
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Juan Perón ( 1946–1955 , 1973– July 1, 1974)
    • President Isabel Martínez de Perón (July 1, 1974–1976)

• Bolivia
  • Head of State and Government: President Hugo Banzer (1971–1978, 1997–2001 )

• Brazil
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Emílio Garrastazu Médici (1969–15 March 1974)
    • President Ernesto Geisel (March 15, 1974–1979)

• Chile
  • Head of State and Government:
    • Military junta Augusto Pinochet , José Toribio Merino , Gustavo Leigh , César Mendoza (1973–27 June 1974)
    • President Augusto Pinochet (June 27, 1974–1990)

• Ecuador
  • Head of State and Government: President Guillermo Rodríguez Lara (1972–1976)

• Guyana
  • Head of State: President Arthur Chung (1970–1980)
  • Head of government: Prime Minister Forbes Burnham (1966-1980) (1980-1985 president)

• Colombia
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Misael Pastrana Borrero (1970–7 Aug 1974)
    • President Alfonso López Michelsen (August 7, 1974–1978)

• Paraguay
  • Head of State and Government: President Alfredo Stroessner (1954–1989)

• Peru
  • Head of State: President Juan Velasco Alvarado (1968–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Edgardo Mercado Jarrín (1973–1975)

• Uruguay
  • Head of State and Government: President Juan María Bordaberry (1972–1976)

• Venezuela
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Rafael Caldera (1969–12 March 1974, 1994–1999 )
    • President Carlos Andrés Pérez (March 12, 1974–1979, 1989–1993 )

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

• Bangladesh
  • Head of State: President Mohammad Mohammadullah (1973–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mujibur Rahman (1972–1975) (1971–1972, 1975 President)

• Bhutan
  • Head of State and Government: King Jigme Singye Wangchuck (1972-2006)

• Burma (now Myanmar )
  • Head of State: President Ne Win (1962–1981) (until November 9, 1974 Chairman of the Revolutionary Council) (1958–1960, 1962–1974 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Ne Win ( 1958–1960 , 1962–4 March 1974) (1962–1974 Chairman of the Revolutionary Council; 1974–1981 President)
    • Prime Minister Sein Win (March 4, 1974–1977)

• Republic of China (Taiwan)
  • Head of State: President Chiang Kai-shek (1950–1975) (1928–1931, 1943–1948 Chairman of the National Government of China, 1948–1949 President of National China; 1930–1931, 1935–1938, 1939–1945, 1947 Prime Minister of National China)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Chiang Ching-kuo (1972–1978) (1978–1988 President)

• People's Republic of China
  • Party leader: Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party Mao Zedong (1943–1976) (1949–1954 Chairman of the Central People's Government; 1954–1959 President)
  • Head of State: President Dong Biwu (1968–1975) (acting)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zhou Enlai (1949–1976)

• India
  • Head of State:
    • President V. V. Giri ( 1969 , 1969– August 24, 1974)
    • President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (August 24, 1974–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1966–1977, 1980–1984 )

• Indonesia
  • Head of State and Government: President Suharto (1967–1998)

• Japan
  • Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka (1972–9 November 1974)
    • Prime Minister Takeo Miki (November 9, 1974–1976)

• Cambodia
  • Head of State: President Lon Nol (1972–1975) (1966–1967, Prime Minister 1971–1972)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Long Boret (1973–1975)

• North Korea
  • de facto ruler : Kim Il-sung (1948–1994)
  • Head of State: President : Kim Il-sung (1972–1994)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kim Il (1972–1976)

• South Korea
  • Head of State: President Park Chung-hee (1962–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kim Jong-pil (1971–1975, 1998–2000 )

• Laos
  • Head of State: King Savang Vatthana (1959–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Souvanna Phouma ( 1951–1954, 1956–1958, 1960 , 1962–1975)

• Malaysia
  • Head of State: Supreme Ruler Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah (1970–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdul Razak ( 1959 , 1970–1976)

• Maldives
  • Head of State and Government: President Ibrahim Nasir (1968–1978) (1957–1968 Prime Minister)

• Nepal
  • Head of State: King Birendra (1972-2001)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Nagendra Prasad Rijal (1973–1975, 1986 )

• Pakistan
  • Head of State: President Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry (1973–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1973–1977) (1971–1973 President)

• Philippines
  • Head of State and Government: President Ferdinand Marcos (1965–1986)

• Singapore
  • Head of State: President Benjamin Henry Sheares (1971–1981)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew (1959–1990)

• Sikkim (under Indian suzerainty)
  • Head of State: King Palden Thondup Namgyal (1963–1975)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister BS Das (1973–23 July 1974)
    • Prime Minister Kazi Lhendup Dorji (July 23, 1974–1975)

• Sri Lanka
  • Head of State: President William Gopallawa (1972–1978) (1962–1672 Governor General)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike ( 1960–1965 , 1970–1977, 1994–2000 )

• Thailand
  • Head of State: King Rama IX. Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946-2016)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sanya Dharmasakti (1973–1975)

• North Vietnam
  • Head of State: President Tôn Đức Thắng (1969–1976) (1976–1980 President of Vietnam)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Phạm Văn Đồng (1955–1976) (1976–1987 Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam)

• South Vietnam
  • Head of State: President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (1965–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Trần Thiện Khiêm (1969–1975)

Middle East

• Bahrain
  • Head of State: Emir Isa II. (1971–1999)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)

• Iraq
  • Head of State and Government: President Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr (1968–1979) (Prime Minister 1963)

• Iran
  • Head of State: Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Amir Abbas Hoveyda (1965–1977)

• Israel
  • Head of State: President Ephraim Katzir (1973–1978)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Golda Meïr (1969–3 June 1974)
    • Prime Minister Yitzchak Rabin (June 3, 1974–1977, 1992–1995 )

• North Yemen
  • Head of State:
    • Chairman of the Presidency Council Abdul Rahman al-Iriani (1967–13 June 1974) (Prime Minister 1963–1964)
    • Chairman of the Command Council Ibrahim al-Hamdi (June 13, 1974–1977) (President from 1975)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Kadhi Abdullah al-Hagri (1972-10 February 1974)
    • Prime Minister Hassan Muhammad Makki (February 10, 1974– June 22, 1974)
    • Prime Minister Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini ( 1967, 1970–1971, 1971–1972 , June 22, 1974–1975)

• South Yemen
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidential Council Salim Rubai Ali (1969–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ali Nasir Muhammad (1971–1985) (1978, 1980–1986 President)

• Jordan
  • Head of State: King Hussein (1952–1999)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zaid ar-Rifaʿi (1973–1976, 1985–1989 )

• Qatar
  • Head of State and Government: Emir Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972–1995)

• Kuwait
  • Head of State: Emir Sabah III. as-Salim as-Sabah (1965–1977) (Prime Minister 1963–1965)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah ( 1962–1963 , 1965–1978) (1977–2006 Emir)

• Lebanon
  • Head of State: President Suleiman Frangieh (1970–1976)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Takieddin as-Solh (1973–31 October 1974, 1980 )
    • Prime Minister Rashid as-Solh (October 31, 1974–1975, 1992 )

• Oman
  • Head of State and Government: Sultan Qaboos ibn Said (1970–2020)

• Saudi Arabia
  • Head of State and Government: King Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz (1964–1975)

• Syria
  • Head of State: President Hafiz al-Assad (1971–2000) (1970–1971 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mahmud al-Ayyubi (1972–1976)

• Turkey
  • Head of State: President Fahri Korutürk (1973–1980)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Naim Talu (1973–25 January 1974)
    • Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit (January 25, 1974– November 17, 1974, 1977, 1978–1979, 1999–2002 )
    • Prime Minister Sadi Irmak (November 17, 1974–1975)

• United Arab Emirates
  • Head of State: President Zayid bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1971–2004) (1966–2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sheikh Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum (1971–1979, 1990–2006 ) (1990–2006 Emir of Dubai)

Central Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Head of State and Government: President Mohammed Daoud Khan (1973–1978) (1953–1963 Prime Minister)

• Mongolia
  • Head of State:
    • Chairman of the Great People's Choral Sonomyn Luwsan (1972–11 June 1974) (acting)
    • Chairman of the Great People's Chural Jumdschaagiin Tsedenbal (June 11, 1974–1984) (1952–1974 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of Government:
    • Chairman of the Council of Ministers Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal (1952–11 June 1974) (1974–1984 Chairman of the Great People's Chural)
    • Chairman of the Council of Ministers Jambyn Batmönch (June 11, 1974–1984) (1984–1990 Chairman of the Great People's Chural)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Governor General :
    • Paul Hasluck (1969–11 July 1974)
    • John Robert Kerr (July 11, 1974–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Gough Whitlam (1972–1975)

• Cook Islands (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Albert R. Henry (1965–1978)

• Fiji
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1970–1987)
    • Governor General: George Cakobau (1973–1983)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kamisese Mara (1970–1987, 1987–1992 ) (1993–2000 President)

• Nauru
  • Head of State and Government: President Hammer DeRoburt (1968–1976, 1978–1986, 1986, 1986–1989 )

• New Zealand
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Governor General : Denis Blundell (1972–1977)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Norman Kirk (1972–31 August 1974)
    • Prime Minister Hugh Watt (September 1, 1974– September 6, 1974) ( Acting )
    • Prime Minister Bill Rowling (September 6, 1974–1975)

• Niue (independent state in free association with New Zealand) (independent since October 19, 1974)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since October 19, 1974)
    • Queen's Representative: Governor General of New Zealand
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Robert Rex (October 19, 1974–1992)

• Tonga
  • Head of State: King Taufaʻahau Tupou IV. (1970-2006)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Fatafehi ​​Tu'ipelehake (1970–1991)

• Western Samoa (today Samoa )
  • Head of State: O le Ao o le Malo Tanumafili II. (1962-2007)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mata'afa Mulinu'u II ( 1962–1970 , 1973–1975)

Europe

• Albania
  • Party leader: 1st Secretary of the Albanian Workers' Party Enver Hoxha (1948–1985) (1946–1954 Prime Minister)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly Haxhi Lleshi (1953–1982)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mehmet Shehu (1954–1981)

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • President of France :
      • Georges Pompidou Georges Pompidou (1969–2 April 1974)
      • Alain Poher ( 1969 , April 3, 1974– May 27, 1974) (acting)
      • Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (May 27, 1974–1981)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Joan Martí Alanís (1971-2003)

• Belgium
  • Head of State: King Baudouin I (1951–1993)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Edmond Leburton (1973-25 April 1974)
    • Prime Minister Leo Tindemans (April 25, 1974–1978)

• Bulgaria
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) (1971–1989 Chairman of the Council of State) (1962–1971 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Todor Zhivkow (1971–1989) (1954–1989 party leader) (1962–1971 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Stanko Todorow (1971–1981) (President 1990)

• Denmark
  • Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Poul Hartling (1973–1975)
  • Faroe Islands (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
    • Representative of the Danish government: Reichsombudsmann Leif Groth (1972–1981)
    • Head of Government: Prime Minister Atli P. Dam (1970–1981, 1985–1989, 1991–1993 )

• Federal Republic of Germany
  • Head of State:
    • Federal President Gustav Heinemann (1969–30 June 1974)
    • Federal President Walter Scheel (July 1, 1974–1979)
  • Head of Government:
    • Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt (1969–7 May 1974)
    • Vice Chancellor Walter Scheel (7 May 1974–16 May 1974) (acting) (1974–1979 Federal President)
    • Federal Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (May 16, 1974–1982)

• German Democratic Republic
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED Erich Honecker (1971–1989) (1976–1989 Chairman of the State Council)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Willi Stoph (1973–1976) (1964–1973, 1976–1989 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Horst Sindermann (1973–1976)

• Finland
  • Head of State: President Urho Kekkonen (1956–1982) (1950–1953, 1954–1956 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa (1972–1975, 1977–1979, 1982–1987 )

• France
  • Head of State:
    • President Georges Pompidou (1969–2 April 1974) (Prime Minister 1962–1968)
    • Senate President Alain Poher (April 3, 1974– May 27, 1974) (acting)
    • President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (May 27, 1974–1981)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Pierre Messmer (1972-27 May 1974)
    • Prime Minister Jacques Chirac (May 27, 1974–1976, 1986–1988 ) (President 1995–2007)

• Greece (abolition of the monarchy June 1, 1973 - again by referendum on December 8, 1974)
  • Head of State:
    • King Constantine II (1964–1973 / December 8, 1974) (in exile from 1967)
    • President Phaidon Gizikis (1973–14 December 1974)
    • Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis (December 14, 1974– December 18, 1974)
    • President Mikhail Stasinopoulos (December 18, 1974–1975)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Adamantios Androutsopoulos (1973–24 July 1974)
    • Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis ( 1955–1958, 1958–1961, 1961–1963 , July 24, 1974–1980) (1980–1985, 1990–1995 President)

• Ireland
  • Head of State:
    • President Erskine Childers (1973–17 November 1974)
    • Presidential Commission Seán Treacy , James Dooge , Thomas F. O'Higgins (November 17 – December 19, 1974)
    • President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (December 19, 1974–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Liam Cosgrave (1973–1977)

• Iceland
  • Head of State: President Kristján Eldjárn (1968–1980)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Ólafur Jóhannesson (1971–28 August 1974, 1978–1979 )
    • Prime Minister Geir Hallgrímsson (August 28, 1974–1978)

• Italy
  • Head of State: President Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) (1963, Prime Minister 1968)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Mariano Rumor ( 1968–1970 , 1973–23 November 1974)
    • Prime Minister Aldo Moro ( 1962–1968 , November 23, 1974–1976)

• Yugoslavia
  • Head of State: President Josip Broz Tito (1953–1980) (1945–1963 Prime Minister)
  • Head of government: President of the executive Federal Council Džemal Bijedić (1971–1977)

• Liechtenstein
  • Head of State: Prince Franz Josef II. (1938–1989)
  • Head of Government :
    • Alfred Hilbe (1970–27 March 1974)
    • Walter Kieber (March 27, 1974–1978)

• Luxembourg
  • Head of State: Grand Duke Jean (1964–2000)
  • Head of Government:
    • Minister of State Pierre Werner (1959–15 June 1974, 1979–1984 )
    • Minister of State Gaston Thorn (June 15, 1974–1979)

• Malta (republic since December 13, 1974)
  • Head of State:
    • Queen Elizabeth II (1964–13 December 1974)
      • Governor General: Anthony Mamo (1971–13 December 1974) (1974–1976 President)
    • President: Anthony Mamo (December 13, 1974–1976) (1971–1974 Governor General)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Dom Mintoff (1971–1984)

• Monaco
  • Head of State: Prince : Rainier III. (1949-2005)
  • Head of Government: Minister of State André Saint-Mleux (1972–1981)

• Netherlands
  • Head of State: Queen Juliana (1948–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Joop den Uyl (1973–1977)

• Norway
  • Head of State: King Olav V (1957–1991)
  • Head of Government: Minister of State Trygve Bratteli ( 1971–1972 , 1973–1976)

• Austria
  • Head of State:
    • Federal President Franz Jonas (1965–24 April 1974)
    • Federal Chancellor Bruno Kreisky (April 24, 1974– June 8, 1974) (acting)
    • Federal President Rudolf Kirchschläger (June 8, 1974–1986)
  • Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Bruno Kreisky (1970–1983)

• Poland
  • Party leader: 1st Secretary Edward Gierek (1970–1980)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Henryk Jabłoński (1972–1985)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Piotr Jaroszewicz (1970–1980)

• Portugal
  • Head of State:
    • President Américo Tomás (1958– April 25, 1974)
    • Chairman of the National Rescue Council António de Spínola (April 25, 1974– September 30, 1974)
    • President Costa Gomes (September 30, 1974–1976)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Marcelo Caetano (1968-25 April 1974)
    • Prime Minister Adelino da Palma Carlos (May 16, 1974– July 18, 1974)
    • Prime Minister Vasco Gonçalves (July 18, 1974–1975)

• Romania
  • Party leader: General Secretary Nicolae Ceaușescu (1965–1989) (1967–1989 Head of State)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Nicolae Ceaușescu (1967–1989) (1965–1989 party leader)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Ion Gheorghe Maurer (1961–29 March 1974) (1958–1961 Head of State)
    • Prime Minister Manea Mănescu (March 29, 1974–1979)

• San Marino
  • Capitani Reggenti :
    • Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari (October 1, 1973– April 1, 1974, 1977, 2002 ) and Giovan Luigi Franciosi ( 1963–1964 , October 1, 1973– April 1, 1974)
    • Ferruccio Piva ( 1959–1960, 1965, 1969 , April 1, 1974– October 1, 1974) and Giordano Bruno Reffi (April 1, 1974– October 1, 1974, 1977–1978 )
    • Francesco Valli ( 1962, 1966, 1970 , October 1, 1974– October 1, 1975, 1978 ) and Enrico Andreoli ( 1956 , October 1, 1974– October 1, 1975, 1978 )

• Sweden
  • Head of State: King Carl XVI. Gustaf (since 1973)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Olof Palme (1969–1976, 1982–1986 )

• Switzerland
  • Federal President : Ernst Brugger (1974)
  • Federal Council :
    • Rudolf Gnägi (1966–1979)
    • Ernst Brugger (1970–1978)
    • Pierre Graber (1970–1978)
    • Kurt Furgler (1972–1986)
    • Hans Hürlimann (January 1, 1974–1982)
    • Georges-André Chevallaz (January 1, 1974–1983)
    • Willi Ritschard (January 1, 1974–1983)

• Soviet Union
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the CPSU Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982) (1960–1964, 1977–1982 head of state)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Nikolai Podgorny (1965–1977)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Alexei Kosygin (1964–1980)

• Spain
  • Head of State: Caudillo Francisco Franco (1939–1975) (also head of government until 1973)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Torcuato Fernández-Miranda (1973–2 January 1974) (acting)
    • Prime Minister Carlos Arias Navarro (January 2, 1974–1976)

• Czechoslovakia
  • Party leader: Chairman Gustáv Husák (1969–1987) (1975–1989 President)
  • Head of State: President Ludvík Svoboda (1968–1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lubomír Štrougal (1970–1988)

• Hungary
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the Party of Hungarian Working People János Kádár (1956–1988) (1956–1958, Prime Minister 1961–1965)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidential Council Pál Losonczi (1967–1987)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Jenő Fock (1967–1975)

• Vatican city
  • Head of State: Pope Paul VI. (1963–1978)
  • Head of Government: Cardinal Secretary of State Jean-Marie Villot (1969–1979)

• United Kingdom
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) (crowned 1953)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Edward Heath (1970–4 March 1974)
    • Prime Minister Harold Wilson ( 1964-1970 , March 4, 1974-1976)

• Republic of Cyprus
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Makarios III. (1960–15 July 1974, 1974–1977 )
    • President Nikos Sampson (July 15, 1974– July 23, 1974)
    • President Glafkos Klerides (July 23, 1974– December 7, 1974) ( Acting )
    • President Makarios III. ( 1960–1974 , July 23 / December 7, 1974–1977)

Remarks

1. ↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares