List of Heads of State 1975

Overview
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Other events

Africa

• Egypt
  • Head of State: President Anwar as-Sadat (1970–1981) (1973–1974, 1980–1981 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Abd al-Aziz Muhammad Hijazi (1974–16 April 1975)
    • Prime Minister Mamduh Muhammad Salim (April 16, 1975–1978)

• Algeria
  • Head of State and Government: President of the Revolutionary Council Houari Boumedienne (1965–1978) (President from 1976)

• Angola (independent since November 11, 1975)
  • Head of State: President Agostinho Neto (November 11, 1975–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lopo do Nascimento (November 11, 1975–1978)

• Equatorial Guinea
  • Head of State and Government: President Francisco Macías Nguema (1968–1979)

• Ethiopia
  • Head of State and Government: Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council Tafari Benti (1974–1977)

• Benin (until November 30, 1975 Dahomey )
  • Head of State and Government: President Mathieu Kérékou (1972–1991, 1996–2006 )

• Botswana
  • Head of State and Government: President Seretse Khama (1966–1980)

• Burundi
  • Head of State and Government: President Michel Micombero (1966–1976) (Prime Minister 1966)

• Ivory Coast
  • Head of State and Government: President Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1960–1993)

• Gabon
  • Head of State: President Omar Bongo (1967–2009)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Léon Mébiame (April 16, 1975–1990) (newly created office)

• Gambia
  • Head of State and Government: President Dawda Jawara (1970–1994) (Prime Minister 1965–1970)

• Ghana
  • Head of State and Government: Chairman of the Supreme Military Council Ignatius Kutu Acheampong (1972–1978) (until October 9, 1975 Chairman of the National Compliance Council)

• Guinea
  • Head of State: President Ahmed Sékou Touré (1958–1984)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Louis Lansana Béavogui (1972–1984)

• Guinea-Bissau
  • Head of State: Chairman of the State Council Luís Cabral (1973–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Francisco Mendes (1973–1978)

• Cameroon
  • Head of State: President Ahmadou Ahidjo (1960–1982)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul Biya (July 30, 1975–1982) (newly created office) (President since 1982)

• Cape Verde (independent since July 5, 1975)
  • Head of State: President Aristides Pereira (July 8, 1975–1991)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Pedro Pires (July 8, 1975–1991) (President 2001–2011)

• Kenya
  • Head of State and Government: President Jomo Kenyatta (1964–1978) (Prime Minister 1963–1964)

• Comoros (independent since July 6, 1975)
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Ahmed Abdallah (July 6, 1975 to August 3, 1975, 1978–1989 )
    • Chairman of the National Executive Council Said Mohamed Jaffar (August 3, 1975–1976) (until August 10, 1975 Chairman of the National Revolutionary Council)

• People's Republic of the Congo (1960–1970 Congo-Brazzaville ; from 1992 Republic of the Congo )
  • Head of State: President Marien Ngouabi ( 1968 , 1969–1977)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Henri Lopès (1973–18 December 1975)
    • Prime Minister Louis Sylvain Goma (December 18, 1975-1984, 1991 )

• Lesotho
  • Head of State: King Moshoeshoe II ( 1966–1970 , 1970–1990, 1995–1996 )
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan (1966–1986) (1970 Head of State)

• Liberia
  • Heads of State or Government: President William R. Tolbert, Jr. (1971–1980)

• Libya
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council Muammar al-Gaddafi (1969–1979) (1979–2011 revolutionary leader)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Abd al-Salam Jallud (1972–1977)

• Madagascar
  • Head of State:
    • President Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1972–5 February 1975) (1972–1975 Prime Minister)
    • President Richard Ratsimandrava (February 5, 1975 to February 11, 1975)
    • Chairman of the Committee of National Military Command Gilles Andriamahazo (February 12, 1975 to June 15, 1975)
    • President Didier Ratsiraka (June 15, 1975–1993, 1997–2002 )
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1972–5 February 1975) (1972–1975 President)

• Malawi
  • Head of State and Government: President Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1966–1994) (Prime Minister 1964–1966)

• Mali
  • Head of State and Government: President Moussa Traoré (1968–1991)

• Morocco
  • Head of State: King Hassan II (1961–1999)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ahmed Osman (1972–1979)

• Mauritania
  • Head of State and Government: President Moktar Ould Daddah (1960–1978)

• Mauritius
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1968–1992)
    • Governor General: Raman Osman (1972–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1968–1982) (1983–1985 Governor General)

• Mozambique (independent since June 25, 1975)
  • Head of State and Government: President Samora Machel (June 25, 1975–1986)

• Niger
  • Head of State and Government: President of the Supreme Military Council Seyni Kountché (1974–1987)

• Nigeria
  • Head of State and Government:
    • Head of the Federal Military Government Yakubu Gowon (1966–29 July 1975)
    • Head of the Federal Military Government Murtala Mohammed (July 29, 1975–1976)

• Upper Volta (from 1984 Burkina Faso )
  • Head of State: President Sangoulé Lamizana (1966–1980) (1974–1980 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sangoulé Lamizana (1974–1980) (1966–1980 President)

• Rhodesia (not internationally recognized) (since 1980 Zimbabwe )
  • Head of State: President Clifford Dupont (1970–31 December 1975) (1965–1970 Government Administrative Officer)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ian Smith (1965–1979)

• Rwanda
  • Head of State and Government: President Juvénal Habyarimana (1973–1994)

• Zambia
  • Head of State: President Kenneth Kaunda (1964–1991)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Mainza Chona (1973–27 May 1975, 1977–1978 )
    • Prime Minister Elijah Mudenda (May 27, 1975–1977)

• São Tomé and Príncipe (independent since July 12, 1975)
  • Head of State: President Manuel Pinto da Costa (July 12, 1975–1991, 2011–2016 )
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Leonel Mário d'Alva (July 21, 1975 to July 15, 1975) (1991 President)
    • Prime Minister Miguel Trovoada (July 15, 1975–1979) (1991–1995. 1995–2001 President)

• Senegal
  • Head of State: President Léopold Sédar Senghor (1960–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdou Diouf (1970–1980) (1981–2000 President)

• Sierra Leone
  • Head of State: President Siaka Stevens (1971–1985) (1967, 1968–1971 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Sorie Ibrahim Koroma (1971–8 July 1975)
    • Prime Minister Christian A. Kamara-Taylor (July 8, 1975–1978)

• Somalia
  • Head of State and Government: President Siad Barre (1969–1991)

• South Africa
  • Head of State:
    • President Jacobus Johannes Fouché (1968–9 April 1975)
    • Senate President Johannes de Klerk (April 9, 1975 to April 19, 1979) (acting)
    • President Nicolaas Diederichs (April 19, 1975–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Balthazar Johannes Vorster (1966–1978) (1978–1979 President)

• Sudan
  • Head of State: President Jafar an-Numairi ( 1969–1971 , 1971–1985) (1969–1976, 1977–1985 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Jafar an-Numairi (1969–1976, 1977–1985 ) (1969–1971, 1971–1985 President)

• Swaziland
  • Head of State: King Sobhuza II. (1968–1982)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Makhosini Dlamini (1968–1976)

• Tanzania
  • Head of State: President Julius Nyerere (1962–1985) (Prime Minister 1961–1962)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Rashidi Kawawa (1972–1977)

• Togo
  • Head of State and Government: President Gnassingbé Eyadéma (1967–2005)

• Chad
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Ngarta Tombalbaye (1960-13 April 1975)
    • President Noël Milarew Odingar (April 13, 1975 to April 15, 1975)
    • President Félix Malloum (April 15, 1975–1979) (Chairman of the High Military Council until May 12, 1975)

• Tunisia
  • Head of State: President Habib Bourguiba (1957–1987)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Hédi Nouira (1970–1980)

• Uganda
  • Head of State and Government: President Idi Amin (1971–1979)

• Zaïre (until 1964 Congo-Léopoldville , 1964–1971, since 1997 Democratic Republic of the Congo )
  • Head of State and Government: President Mobutu Sese Seko (1965–1997)

• Central African Republic
  • Head of State: President Jean-Bédel Bokassa (1966–1979) (from 1976 Kaiser)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Elisabeth Domitien (January 3, 1975–1976) (newly created office)

America

North America

• Canada
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Governor General : Jules Léger (1974–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau (1968–1979, 1980–1984 )

• Mexico
  • Head of State and Government: President Luis Echeverría Álvarez (1970–1976)

• United States of America
  • Head of State and Government: President Gerald Ford (1974–1977)

Central America

• Bahamas
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1973)
    • Governor General : Milo Butler (1973–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lynden O. Pindling (1973–1992)

• Barbados
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1966)
    • Governor General Arleigh Winston Scott (1967–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Errol Walton Barrow (1966–1976, 1986–1987 )

• Costa Rica
  • Head of State and Government: President Daniel Oduber Quirós (1974–1978)

• Dominican Republic
  • Head of State and Government: President Joaquín Balaguer ( 1950–1962 , 1966–1978, 1986–1996 )

• El Salvador
  • Head of State and Government: President Arturo Armando Molina (1972–1977)

• Grenada (1974 independence)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
    • Governor General Leo de Gale (1974–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Eric Gairy (1974–1979)

• Guatemala
  • Head of State and Government: President Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García (1974–1978)

• Haiti
  • Head of State and Government: President Jean-Claude Duvalier (1971–1986)

• Honduras
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Oswaldo López Arellano ( 1963–1971 , 1972–22 April 1975) (1956–1957 member of the military government council)
    • President Juan Alberto Melgar Castro (April 22, 1975–1978)

• Jamaica
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1962)
    • Governor General : Florizel Glasspole (1973–1991)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Michael Manley (1972–1980, 1989–1992 )

• Cuba
  • Head of State: President Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado (1959–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Fidel Castro (1959–2008) (1976–2008 President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers)

• Nicaragua
  • Head of State and Government: President Anastasio Somoza Debayle ( 1967–1972 , 1974–1979)

• Panama
  • Head of State and Government: President Demetrio Basilio Lakas (1969–1978)

• Trinidad and Tobago
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1952–1976)
    • Governor General : Ellis Clarke (1972–1976) (1976–1987 President)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Eric Eustace Williams (1962–1981)

South America

• Argentina
  • Head of State and Government:
    • President Isabel Martínez de Perón (1974–1976)
    • President Ítalo Argentino Lúder (13 September 1975 to 16 October 1975) (acting)

• Bolivia
  • Head of State and Government: President Hugo Banzer (1971–1978, 1997–2001 )

• Brazil
  • Head of State and Government: President Ernesto Geisel (1974–1979)

• Chile
  • Head of State and Government: President Augusto Pinochet (1974–1990)

• Ecuador
  • Head of State and Government: President Guillermo Rodríguez Lara (1972–1976)

• Guyana
  • Head of State: President Arthur Chung (1970–1980)
  • Head of government: Prime Minister Forbes Burnham (1966-1980) (1980-1985 president)

• Colombia
  • Head of State and Government: President Alfonso López Michelsen (1974–1978)

• Paraguay
  • Head of State and Government: President Alfredo Stroessner (1954–1989)

• Peru
  • Head of State:
    • President Juan Velasco Alvarado (1968–30 August 1975)
    • President Francisco Morales Bermúdez (August 30, 1975–1980) (1975 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Edgardo Mercado Jarrín (1973–1975)
    • Prime Minister Francisco Morales Bermúdez (February 1, 1975 to August 30, 1975) (1975–1980 President)
    • Prime Minister Óscar Vargas Prieto (August 30, 1975–1976)

• Suriname (independent since November 25, 1975)
  • Head of State: President Johan Ferrier (November 25, 1975–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Henck AE Arron (November 25, 1975–1980, 1988–1990 )

• Uruguay
  • Head of State and Government: President Juan María Bordaberry (1972–1976)

• Venezuela
  • Head of State and Government: President Carlos Andrés Pérez (1974–1979, 1989–1993 )

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

• Bangladesh
  • Head of State:
    • President Mohammad Mohammadullah (1973-25 January 1975)
    • President Mujibur Rahman ( 1971–1972 , January 25, 1975 to August 15, 1975) (Prime Minister 1972–1975)
    • President Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad (August 15, 1975 to November 6, 1975)
    • President Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem (November 6, 1975–1977)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Mujibur Rahman (1972–26 January 1975) (1971–1972, 1975 President)
    • Prime Minister Muhammad Mansur Ali (January 26, 1975 to August 25, 1975) (office abolished)

• Bhutan
  • Head of State and Government: King Jigme Singye Wangchuck (1972-2006)

• Burma (now Myanmar )
  • Head of State: President Ne Win (1962–1981) (until 1974 Chairman of the Revolutionary Council) (1958–1960, 1962–1974 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sein Win (1974–1977)

• Republic of China (Taiwan)
  • Head of State:
    • President Chiang Kai-shek (1950–5 April 1975) (1928–1931, 1943–1948 Chairman of the National Government of China, 1948–1949 President of National China; 1930–1931, 1935–1938, 1939–1945, 1947 Prime Minister of National China)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Chiang Ching-kuo (1972–1978) (1978–1988 President)

• People's Republic of China
  • Party leader: Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party Mao Zedong (1943–1976) (1949–1954 Chairman of the Central People's Government; 1954–1959 President)
  • Head of State:
    • President Dong Biwu (1968–17 January 1975) ( Acting )
    • Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Zhu De (January 17, 1975–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zhou Enlai (1949–1976)

• India
  • Head of State: President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1974–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1966–1977, 1980–1984 )

• Indonesia
  • Head of State and Government: President Suharto (1967–1998)

• Japan
  • Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Takeo Miki (1974–1976)

• Cambodia
  • Head of State:
    • President Lon Nol (1972–12 April 1975) (1966–1967, Prime Minister 1971–1972)
    • President Saukam Khoy (April 1, 1975 to April 12, 1975) ( Acting )
    • Chairman of the Sak Sutsakhan Supreme Committee (April 12, 1975 to April 17, 1975)
    • President Norodom Sihanouk ( 1960–1970 , April 17, 1975–1976, 1993 ) (1941–1955, 1993–2004 King)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Long Boret (1973-17 April 1975)
    • Prime Minister Penn Nouth ( 1948–1949, 1953, 1954–1955, 1958, 1961, 1968–1969 , April 17, 1975–1976)

• North Korea
  • de facto ruler : Kim Il-sung (1948–1994)
  • Head of State: President : Kim Il-sung (1972–1994)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kim Il (1972–1976)

• South Korea
  • Head of State: President Park Chung-hee (1962–1979)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Kim Jong-pil (1971-19 December 1975, 1998-2000 )
    • Prime Minister Choi Kyu-ha (December 19, 1975–1979) (President 1979–1980)

• Kingdom of Laos (since December 2, 1975 People's Democratic Republic of Laos )
  • Head of State:
    • King Savang Vatthana (1959–2 December 1975)
    • President Souphanouvong (December 3, 1975–1991)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Souvanna Phouma ( 1951–1954, 1956–1958, 1960 , 1962–2 December 1975)
    • Prime Minister Kaysone Phomvihane (December 8, 1975–1991) (1991–1992 President)

• Malaysia
  • Head of State:
    • Supreme Ruler Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah (1970-20 September 1975)
    • Supreme Ruler Yahya Petra (September 21, 1975–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdul Razak ( 1959 , 1970–1976)

• Maldives
  • Head of State and Government: President Ibrahim Nasir (1968–1978) (1957–1968 Prime Minister)

• Nepal
  • Head of State: King Birendra (1972-2001)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Nagendra Prasad Rijal (1973–1 December 1975, 1986 )
    • Prime Minister Tulsi Giri ( 1960–1963, 1964–1965 , December 1, 1975–1977)

• Pakistan
  • Head of State: President Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry (1973–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1973–1977) (1971–1973 President)

• Philippines
  • Head of State and Government: President Ferdinand Marcos (1965–1986)

• Sikkim (under Indian suzerainty) (annexed to India on May 16, 1975)
  • Head of State: King Palden Thondup Namgyal (1963-14 April 1975)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kazi Lhendup Dorji (1974–16 May 1975)

• Singapore
  • Head of State: President Benjamin Henry Sheares (1971–1981)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew (1959–1990)

• Sri Lanka
  • Head of State: President William Gopallawa (1972–1978) (1962–1672 Governor General)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike ( 1960–1965 , 1970–1977, 1994–2000 )

• Thailand
  • Head of State: King Rama IX. Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946-2016)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Sanya Dharmasakti (1973-27 February 1975)
    • Prime Minister Seni Pramoj ( 1945–1946 , February 27, 1975 to March 17, 1975, 1976 )
    • Prime Minister Kukrit Pramoj (March 17, 1975–1976)

• North Vietnam
  • Head of State: President Tôn Đức Thắng (1969–1976) (1976–1980 President of Vietnam)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Phạm Văn Đồng (1955–1976) (1976–1987 Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam)

• South Vietnam
  • Head of State:
    • President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (1965–21 April 1975)
    • President Trần Văn Hương (April 21, 1975 to April 28, 1975) (1964–1965, Prime Minister 1968–1696)
    • President Dương Văn Minh ( 1963–1964, 1964, 1964 , April 28, 1975 to April 30, 1975) (acting)
    • President of the Provisional Revolutionary Government Huỳnh Tấn Phát (April 30, 1975–1976)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Trần Thiện Khiêm (1969–4 April 1975)
    • Prime Minister Nguyễn Bá Cẩn (April 4, 1975 to April 24, 1975)
    • Prime Minister Vũ Văn Mẫu (April 28, 1975 to April 30, 1975)
    • Prime Minister Nguyễn Hữu Thọ (April 30, 1975–1976) (1980–1981 President of Vietnam)

Middle East

• Bahrain
  • Head of State: Emir Isa II. (1971–1999)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)

• Iraq
  • Head of State and Government: President Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr (1968–1979) (Prime Minister 1963)

• Iran
  • Head of State: Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Amir Abbas Hoveyda (1965–1977)

• Israel
  • Head of State: President Ephraim Katzir (1973–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Yitzchak Rabin (1974–1977, 1992–1995 )

• North Yemen
  • Head of State: President Ibrahim al-Hamdi (1974–1977) (until June 13, 1975 Chairman of the Command Council)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini ( 1967, 1970–1971, 1971–1972 , 1974–16 January 1975)
    • Prime Minister Abd al-Latif Dayfallah ( 1963 , January 16, 1975 to January 25, 1975)
    • Prime Minister Abd al-Aziz Abd al-Ghani (January 25, 1975–1980, 1983–1990 ) (Prime Minister of Yemen 1994–1997)

• South Yemen
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidential Council Salim Rubai Ali (1969–1978)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Ali Nasir Muhammad (1971–1985) (1978, 1980–1986 President)

• Jordan
  • Head of State: King Hussein (1952–1999)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Zaid ar-Rifaʿi (1973–1976, 1985–1989 )

• Qatar
  • Head of State and Government: Emir Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972–1995)

• Kuwait
  • Head of State: Emir Sabah III. as-Salim as-Sabah (1965–1977) (Prime Minister 1963–1965)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah ( 1962–1963 , 1965–1978) (1977–2006 Emir)

• Lebanon
  • Head of State: President Suleiman Frangieh (1970–1976)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Rashid as-Solh (1974–32 May 1975, 1992 )
    • Prime Minister Nureddin Rifai (May 23, 1975 to July 1, 1975)
    • Prime Minister Rashid Karami ( 1955–1956, 1958–1960, 1961–1964, 1965–1966, 1966–1968, 1969–1970 , July 1, 1975–1976, 1984–1987 )

• Oman
  • Head of State and Government: Sultan Qaboos ibn Said (1970–2020)

• Saudi Arabia
  • Head of State and Government:
    • King Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz (1964– March 25, 1975)
    • King Khalid ibn Abd al-Aziz (March 25, 1975–1982)

• Syria
  • Head of State: President Hafiz al-Assad (1971–2000) (1970–1971 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mahmud al-Ayyubi (1972–1976)

• Turkey
  • Head of State: President Fahri Korutürk (1973–1980)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Sadi Irmak (1974–31 March 1975)
    • Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel ( 1965–1971 , March 31, 1975–1977, 1977–1978, 1979–1980, 1991–1993 ) (1993–2000 President)

• United Arab Emirates
  • Head of State: President Zayid bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1971–2004) (1966–2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum (1971–1979, 1990–2006 ) (1990–2006 Emir of Dubai)

Central Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Head of State and Government: President Mohammed Daoud Khan (1973–1978) (1953–1963 Prime Minister)

• Mongolia
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Great People's Chural Jumdschaagiin Tsedenbal (1974–1984) (1952–1974 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Dschambyn Batmönch Council of Ministers (1974–1984) (1984–1990 Chairman of the Great People's Chural)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Governor General : John Robert Kerr (1974–1977)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Gough Whitlam (1972-11 November 1975)
    • Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser (November 11, 1975-1983)

• Cook Islands (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Albert R. Henry (1965–1978)

• Fiji
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1970–1987)
    • Governor General: George Cakobau (1973–1983)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Kamisese Mara (1970–1987, 1987–1992 ) (1993–2000 President)

• Nauru
  • Head of State and Government: President Hammer DeRoburt (1968–1976, 1978–1986, 1986, 1986–1989 )

• New Zealand
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Governor General : Denis Blundell (1972–1977)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Bill Rowling (1974-12 December 1975)
    • Prime Minister Robert Muldoon (December 12, 1975–1984)

• Niue (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
    • Queen's Representative: Governor General of New Zealand
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Robert Rex (1974–1992)

• Papua New Guinea (independent since September 16, 1975)
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since September 16, 1975)
    • Governor General : John Guise (September 16, 1975–1977)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Michael Somare (September 16, 1975–1980, 1982–1985, 2002–2011 )

• Tonga
  • Head of State: King Taufaʻahau Tupou IV. (1970-2006)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Fatafehi ​​Tu'ipelehake (1970–1991)

• Western Samoa (today Samoa )
  • Head of State: O le Ao o le Malo Tanumafili II. (1962-2007)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Mata'afa Mulinu'u II ( 1962–1970 , 1973–20 May 1975)
    • Prime Minister Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV. ( 1970–1973 , May 21, 1975–1976)

Europe

• Albania
  • Party leader: 1st Secretary of the Albanian Workers' Party Enver Hoxha (1948–1985) (1946–1954 Prime Minister)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly Haxhi Lleshi (1953–1982)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Mehmet Shehu (1954–1981)

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • President of France : Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1974–1981)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Joan Martí Alanís (1971-2003)

• Belgium
  • Head of State: King Baudouin I (1951–1993)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Leo Tindemans (1974–1978)

• Bulgaria
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) (1971–1989 Chairman of the Council of State) (1962–1971 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Todor Zhivkow (1971–1989) (1954–1989 party leader) (1962–1971 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Stanko Todorow (1971–1981) (President 1990)

• Denmark
  • Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Poul Hartling Poul Hartling (1973–13 February 1975)
    • Prime Minister Anker Jørgensen ( 1972–1973 , February 13, 1975–1982)
  • Faroe Islands (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
    • Representative of the Danish government: Reichsombudsmann Leif Groth (1972–1981)
    • Head of Government: Prime Minister Atli P. Dam (1970–1981, 1985–1989, 1991–1993 )

• Federal Republic of Germany
  • Head of State: Federal President Walter Scheel (1974–1979)
  • Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (1974–1982)

• German Democratic Republic
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED Erich Honecker (1971–1989) (1976–1989 Chairman of the State Council)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Willi Stoph (1973–1976) (1964–1973, 1976–1989 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Horst Sindermann (1973–1976)

• Finland
  • Head of State: President Urho Kekkonen (1956–1982) (1950–1953, 1954–1956 Prime Minister)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa (1972–13 June 1975, 1977–1979, 1982–1987 )
    • Prime Minister Keijo Liinamaa (June 13, 1975 to November 30, 1975)
    • Prime Minister Martti Miettunen ( 1961–1962 , November 30, 1975–1977)

• France
  • Head of State: President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1974–1981)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Jacques Chirac (1974–1976, 1986–1988 ) (1995–2007 President)

• Greece
  • Head of State:
    • President Michail Stasinopoulos (1974-20 June 1975)
    • President Konstantinos Tsatsos (June 20, 1975–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis ( 1955–1958, 1958–1961, 1961–1963 , 1974–1980) (1980–1985, 1990–1995 President)

• Ireland
  • Head of State: President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (1974–1976)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Liam Cosgrave (1973–1977)

• Iceland
  • Head of State: President Kristján Eldjárn (1968–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Geir Hallgrímsson (1974–1978)

• Italy
  • Head of State: President Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) (1963, Prime Minister 1968)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Aldo Moro ( 1962–1968 , 1974–1976)

• Yugoslavia
  • Head of State: President Josip Broz Tito (1953–1980) (1945–1963 Prime Minister)
  • Head of government: President of the executive Federal Council Džemal Bijedić (1971–1977)

• Channel Islands
  • guernsey
    • Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
      • Deputy Governor:
        • Charles Mills (1969–1974)
        • John Davis (1974-1980)
  • jersey
    • Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
      • Deputy Governor:
        • John Davis (1969–2 September 1974)
        • Desmond Fitzpatrick (September 2, 1974–1979)

• Liechtenstein
  • Head of State: Prince Franz Josef II. (1938–1989)
  • Head of Government : Walter Kieber (1974–1978)

• Luxembourg
  • Head of State: Grand Duke Jean (1964–2000)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Gaston Thorn (1974–1979)

• Malta
  • Head of State: President Anthony Mamo (1974–1976) (1971–1974 Governor General)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Dom Mintoff (1971–1984)

• Isle of Man
  • Head of State: Lord of Man Elizabeth II (since 1952)
    • Lieutenant Governor :
      • Peter Hyla Gawne Stallard (1966–1974)
      • John Warburton Paul (1974-1980)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Executive Council Percy Radcliffe (1971–1977; 1981–1985 )

• Monaco
  • Head of State: Prince : Rainier III. (1949-2005)
  • Head of Government: Minister of State André Saint-Mleux (1972–1981)

• Netherlands
  • Head of State: Queen Juliana (1948–1980)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Joop den Uyl (1973–1977)

• Norway
  • Head of State: King Olav V (1957–1991)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Trygve Bratteli ( 1971–1972 , 1973–1976)

• Austria
  • Head of State: Federal President Rudolf Kirchschläger (1974–1986)
  • Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Bruno Kreisky (1970–1983)

• Poland
  • Party leader: 1st Secretary Edward Gierek (1970–1980)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Henryk Jabłoński (1972–1985)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Piotr Jaroszewicz (1970–1980)

• Portugal
  • Head of State: President Costa Gomes (1974–1976)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Vasco Gonçalves (1974-19 September 1975)
    • Prime Minister José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo (September 19, 1975–1976)

• Romania
  • Party leader: General Secretary Nicolae Ceaușescu (1965–1989) (1967–1989 Head of State)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Nicolae Ceaușescu (1967–1989) (1965–1989 party leader)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Manea Mănescu (1974–1979)

• San Marino
  • Head of State: Capitani Reggenti
    • Francesco Valli ( 1962, 1966, 1970 , October 1, 1974 to October 1, 1975, 1978 ) and Enrico Andreoli ( 1956–1957 , October 1, 1974 to October 1, 1975, 1978 )
    • Alberto Cecchetti (April 1, 1975 to October 1, 1975, 1994, 1998, 2001–2002 ) and Michele Righi (April 1, 1975 to October 1, 1975)
    • Giovanni Vito Marcucci ( 1961–1962, 1966–1967 , October 1, 1975 to April 1, 1976) and Giuseppe Della Balda (October 1, 1975 to April 1, 1976)

• Sweden
  • Head of State: King Carl XVI. Gustaf (since 1973)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Olof Palme (1969–1976, 1982–1986 )

• Switzerland
  • Federal President : Pierre Graber (1975)
  • Federal Council :
    • Rudolf Gnägi (1966–1979)
    • Ernst Brugger (1970–1978)
    • Pierre Graber (1970–1978)
    • Kurt Furgler (1972–1986)
    • Hans Hürlimann (1974–1982)
    • Georges-André Chevallaz (1974-1983)
    • Willi Ritschard (1974–1983)

• Soviet Union
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the CPSU Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982) (until 1966 first secretary) (1960–1964, 1977–1982 head of state)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Nikolai Podgorny (1965–1977)
  • Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Alexei Kosygin (1964–1980)

• Spain
  • Head of State:
    • Caudillo Francisco Franco (1939–1975) (also head of government until 1973)
    • King Juan Carlos I (November 20, 1975-2014)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Carlos Arias Navarro (1974–1976)

• Czechoslovakia
  • Party leader: Chairman Gustáv Husák (1969–1987) (1975–1989 President)
  • Head of State:
    • President Ludvík Svoboda (1968–29 May 1975)
    • President Gustáv Husák (May 29, 1975–1989) (1669–1987 party leader)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Lubomír Štrougal (1970–1988)

• Hungary
  • Party leader: General Secretary of the Party of Hungarian Working People János Kádár (1956–1988) (1956–1958, Prime Minister 1961–1965)
  • Head of State: Chairman of the Presidential Council Pál Losonczi (1967–1987)
  • Head of Government:
    • Prime Minister Jenő Fock (1967–15 May 1975)
    • Prime Minister György Lázár (May 15, 1975–1987)

• Vatican city
  • Head of State: Pope Paul VI. (1963–1978)
  • Head of Government: Cardinal Secretary of State Jean-Marie Villot (1969–1979)

• United Kingdom
  • Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) (crowned 1953)
  • Head of Government: Prime Minister Harold Wilson ( 1964–1970 , 1974–1976)

• Republic of Cyprus
  • Head of State and Government: President Makarios III. ( 1960–1974 , 1974–1977)

Remarks

1. ↑ ^{a b} The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are areas that are directly under the British Crown. They are not part of the UK.
2. ↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares