Rheinfelden (Baden)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Rheinfelden (Baden)
Rheinfelden (Baden)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Rheinfelden (Baden) highlighted

Coordinates: 47 ° 34 '  N , 7 ° 48'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Freiburg
County : Loerrach
Height : 280 m above sea level NHN
Area : 62.84 km 2
Residents: 33,074 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 526 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 79618
Area code : 07623
License plate : LÖ
Community key : 08 3 36 069
City structure: Core city and 7 districts

City administration address : 		Kirchplatz 2
79618 Rheinfelden (Baden)
Website : www.rheinfelden.de
Lord Mayor : Klaus Eberhardt ( SPD )
Location of the city of Rheinfelden (Baden) in the district of Loerrach
Frankreich Schweiz Landkreis Waldshut Landkreis Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Freiburg im Breisgau Aitern Bad Bellingen Binzen Böllen Efringen-Kirchen Efringen-Kirchen Eimeldingen Fischingen (Baden) Fröhnd Grenzach-Wyhlen Zell im Wiesental Häg-Ehrsberg Hasel (Baden) Hausen im Wiesental Inzlingen Kandern Kleines Wiesental Lörrach Malsburg-Marzell Maulburg Rheinfelden (Baden) Rümmingen Rümmingen Schallbach Schliengen Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönenberg (Schwarzwald) Schopfheim Schwörstadt Steinen (Baden) Todtnau Tunau Utzenfeld Weil am Rhein Wembach Wembach Wembach Wieden (Schwarzwald) Wittlingen Wittlingen Zell im Wiesental Zell im Wiesental Zell im Wiesentalmap
About this picture

Rheinfelden (Baden) (until May 7, 1963 Rheinfelden, Alemannic Badisch- Rhyfaele [ ˌba: dɪʃ 'ʁi: fældə ]) is a town in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg directly on the Swiss border. After Lörrach, it is the second largest city in the Lörrach district and a medium-sized center for the surrounding communities. The city is historically, economically and socially closely linked to the Swiss city of Rheinfelden on the opposite side of the Rhine ( border between Germany and Switzerland ).

Rheinfelden (Baden) has been a major district town since January 1st, 1975 . The city ​​has entered into an agreed administrative partnership with the municipality of Schwörstadt .

geography

Rheinfelden in the border triangle

location

Rheinfelden is located immediately south of the foothills of the southern Black Forest on the Dinkelberg mountain range , which is up to 535 m high and rises north of the city center. It is located about 15 km (as the crow flies ) east of Basel on the right or north bank of the High Rhine opposite the Swiss town of the same name . In Rheinfelden the Dürrenbach flows into the Rhine .

Neighboring cities

The following cities and communities border the city of Rheinfelden in Baden ( clockwise , starting in the west): Grenzach-Wyhlen , Inzlingen , Lörrach , Steinen , Maulburg , Schopfheim , Schwörstadt (all district of Lörrach ) and Rheinfelden AG ( canton of Aargau / Switzerland ).

City structure

Aerial view of Rheinfelden from a westerly direction, with the Degerfelden district in the foreground
St. Gallus in Eichsel

The urban area consists of the core city , to which the former municipalities of Nollingen and Warmbach also belong today, and the municipalities incorporated as part of the municipal reform of the 1970s.

City structure of Rheinfeld
district Area in km² Inhabitants (as of April 2015)
Adelhausen 7.13 747
Degerfelden 9.89 1474
Acorn 5.00 844
Herten 8.17 4652
Karsau 8.42 3668
Minseln 9.44 1979
North Swabia 3.45 318
Core city 11.32 19,442

The seven from 1972 to 1975 incorporated municipalities are also towns within the meaning of Baden-Wuerttemberg Municipal Code , that is, they each have one of the eligible voters in each municipal election to be elected Ortschaftsrat , with a mayor as chairman. The number of local councils is between six and twelve, depending on the size of the village.

Most of the city districts have more spatially separate residential areas with their own names, which often have very few residents, or residential areas with their own name, whose names have emerged in the course of development and whose boundaries are usually not precisely defined. With the incorporation in the 1970s, the area of ​​the district quintupled to 62.85 square kilometers, making Rheinfelden the largest municipality on the Dinkelberg and the third largest in the district.

Spatial planning

Rheinfelden (Baden) forms a middle center in the area of ​​the upper center Lörrach / Weil am Rhein in the Hochrhein-Bodensee region . In addition to the city of Rheinfelden (Baden), the municipalities of Grenzach-Wyhlen and Schwörstadt also belong to the central area of ​​Rheinfelden . In addition, there are cross-border links with the cantons of Basel-Stadt , Basel-Landschaft and Aargau in Switzerland .

history

Emergency money from the municipality of Rheinfelden from the 1920s
Construction of the old hydropower plant

The area of ​​today's core city Rheinfelden (Baden) was originally in the Rheintal landscape of the Rheinfelden cameraman in front of Austria . Its administrative seat, today's Swiss town of Rheinfelden , had a small strip of banks on the right bank of the Rhine in the area of ​​the old bridge , the majority of the remainder being in the municipality of Nollingen. Apart from the finding of a Roman company for the extraction of clay for brick production, today's core city was not built on. The story is therefore closely linked to that of Rheinfelden in Switzerland until the beginning of the 19th century. The fighting in the Battle of Rheinfelden in 1638 also took place here.

As a result of the demarcation after the Treaty of Lunéville and Pressburg in 1801 and 1805, the Rhine became the border between Baden and Switzerland . In 1836 a Baden customs house was built across from Rheinfelden, which soon developed into a small hamlet belonging to Nollingen . On February 4, 1856, the first section of the Hochrheinbahn between Basel Badischer Bahnhof and Bad Säckingen was opened . Not far from the customs house, the station near Rheinfelden went into operation along the route . A characteristic of the development history is that the station building was built on the south side of the railway line, oriented towards Rheinfelden in Switzerland, but Rheinfelden (Baden) is only connected via an underpass to this day.

In 1894 the members Grand Duchy of Baden and the canton of Aargau the company Kraftübertragungswerke Rheinfelden (KWR) the concession for the construction of Europe's first major hydropower plant . In order to increase its profitability, KWR created the prerequisites for the settlement of energy-intensive industrial companies that were to buy electricity as major customers. For this purpose, she acquired a total of 84.5 hectares of land, as well as developing and planning the site with roads, tracks, houses and supply lines. Shortly afterwards, large industrial companies set up shop (silk weaving, aluminum works, electrochemical works). The many workers who had moved there in a short period of time lived in tenements that had sprung up quickly; the miserable conditions only improved over the years.

The Nollingen community, on whose territory the workers' settlement stood, was overwhelmed with the provision of the necessary infrastructure. The reason for this was that the industrial companies were located in the municipal area of ​​Karsau, which thus benefited from the high tax revenues alone. With the approval of the grand ducal authorities, Nollingen was allowed to purchase the Karsau part of the industrial estate for 200,000 marks in 1900 . In 1901, the Baden Ministry of the Interior gave the new district of Nollingen the name Badisch Rheinfelden. At the time, Nollingen was part of the Säckingen district office . In 1921 the neighboring community of Warmbach, which had previously belonged to the district office of Lörrach, was incorporated into the community of Nollingen. On October 7, 1922, Nollingen received city ​​rights . It was decided to take over the name of the Swiss sister city Rheinfelden on the German side. Rheinfelden (Baden) has belonged to the Säckingen district since the district reform in 1939 .

The proportion of cross-border commuters from Switzerland was high, even during the First World War . As a result of the hyperinflation of 1923 , it fell rapidly and continued to decline. Due to the great influence of the labor movement and the high Catholic population, the election results of the NSDAP in Rheinfelden lagged well behind those in the rest of Baden and in the Reich. In the course of the synchronization , Mayor Eugen Walz ( center ) was forced to resign on June 1, 1933. The cross-border relations with the Swiss neighborhood deteriorated rapidly. An underground social democratic network was formed along the border, bringing the politically persecuted to Switzerland and smuggling propaganda material from there. The Rheinfeld SPD municipal councilor Franz Fischer (the first post-war mayor) held a party meeting in Rheinfelden, Switzerland , even after the seizure of power .

During the Second World War , the Rheinfeld industrial companies, in particular aluminum production, formed an important element of the German war economy. Shortly after the start of the campaign in the west , the first prisoners of war were brought in as forced laborers , a total of 4074. All French forced laborers managed to escape by mass escape in autumn 1941. How many refugees were killed in the course of the war by drowning in the Rhine or by shelling by German border guards cannot be clearly quantified. On April 25, 1945, French troops took the city without a fight; on the four days before, over 3,000 refugees streamed across the border. The French then sealed off the border hermetically and did not reopen it until 1948.

After the war, the city belonged to the state of Baden and, after the formation of Baden-Württemberg in 1952, belonged to the administrative district of South Baden . Cross-border relations at the local political level were resumed in 1954, but were immediately put to the test. The reason for this was the increasing fluorine emissions from Aluminum Rheinfelden , which caused damage primarily on the Swiss side. Since the company shied away from the high investment costs for absorption systems and the authorities did not want to take action for fear of job losses, the so-called "fluorine war" ensued. On July 22, 1958, thousands of demonstrators moved from Möhlin to the Rheinfelder Brücke to demand the immediate shutdown of all non-renovated furnaces. There were further protests in the 1970s against chlorine emissions and in the 1980s against dioxin emissions.

Since the district reform in 1973, Rheinfelden has belonged to the district of Lörrach and the Hochrhein-Bodensee region . With the integration of the neighboring communities, the number of inhabitants exceeded the 20,000 mark in 1973. The city administration then applied for a major district town , which the state government of Baden-Württemberg then decided with effect from January 1, 1975. Under the motto “Elements that move”, a “Small State Garden Show ”, the “ Green Project 2007 for both Rheinfelden” (“Green 07”), took place from June 16 to September 9, 2007 in cross-border cooperation with the neighboring Swiss city of Rheinfelden . In the run-up, due to the costs, it initially met with strong resistance from the population, a referendum showed a clear majority of negative votes, but narrowly failed in the participation quorum.

History of the districts of Rheinfeld

The districts of the city of Rheinfelden were independent communities before the city was founded and therefore have a much older history than the comparatively young city of Rheinfelden.

Nollingen

Nollingen was first mentioned as Lollincas in a deed of donation to the St. Gallen monastery in 752 . On April 28, 828, the monastery succeeded in obtaining further property in Nollingen ( villa Lollinga ) through a donation from Pertcardis. Several gentlemen shared the place before it belonged to the Beuggen Teutonic Order House at the beginning of the 15th century . But the Habsburg rule of Rheinfelden soon appeared as a local court. In the 17th century Nollingen was the seat of a senior bailiff for the entire area. Nollingen was closely connected with the neighboring town of Warmbach. 1801 Nollingen became the seat of the camera office for the places on the right bank of the Rhine of the former rule Rheinfelden, but the office was moved to Beuggen in 1807. In 1809, Nollingen was separated from Warmbach and assigned to the Säckingen district office until the municipality of Nollingen became part of the city of Rheinfelden on October 7, 1922.

Warmbach

Warmbach was first mentioned in a gift from Cauzbert on October 27, 754 as Warbinbach to the St. Gallen monastery . Here, too, several gentlemen shared the place. In 1330 he came to Austria and was part of the Landgraviate of Breisgau, Rhine Valley landscape. On September 5, 1303 Abbot Heinrich von St. Gallen sold the goods in Warmbach to the Johanniterkommende in Rheinfelden . After the transition to Baden in 1801 Warmbach initially belonged to Kameralamt Nollingen, from 1807 to the Official Beuggen and was in 1809 an independent municipality in the district office Loerrach. In 1921 it moved to the Säckingen district office and was incorporated into the Nollingen community (Badisch Rheinfelden district).

Adelhausen

Adelhausen was first mentioned in 1302 as Adelnhusen . In 1406 a place Rapprechtsweier was mentioned, which was possibly the former settlement of Adelhausen, but later disappeared as a place name. Both places belonged to the Rheinfelden dominion, Rheintal landscape. In 1807 Adelhausen came to the office of Beuggen, 1809 to the office of Schopfheim and when it was dissolved in 1936 to the district office of Lörrach, from which the district of Lörrach emerged in 1939.

Degerfelden

Degerfelden was first mentioned as Tegervelt in the first half of the 12th century . A side branch of the Aargau family, the Lords of Tegerfelden , had their ancestral castle in the village of Degerfelden at the confluence of the Waidbach and the Siebensteinbach, which was probably destroyed in a dispute between them and Rudolf von Habsburg, the later king. Other sources claim that the Tegerfeld castles, including those at Degerfelden, were destroyed in the blood revenge of the Habsburgs for the murder of King Albrecht von Habsburg in 1309. The place shared the fortunes of its surrounding area and was therefore also part of the Rheinfelden rule. From 1807 the place belonged to the office Beuggen and from 1809 to the office or district office Lörrach. The ruins of Strenger Felsen Castle are located near Degerfelden .

Acorn

Eichsel was first mentioned in 1242 as Eichissol . Since the 13th century, Eichsel, which consists of the two suburbs Obereichsel and Niedereichsel, belonged to the rulership of Rheinfelden , Rheintal landscape. After the transition to Baden the place belonged to the office Beuggen and since 1809 to the office or district office Lörrach.

Herten

Herten was first mentioned in 807 as villa Harta . In 1242 there was a noble family de Herten who resided in a Hertin castle . But the castle soon went off. In 1273/91 Herten came to the Habsburg rule Rheinfelden and in 1803 to Baden. From 1807 Herten was assigned to the office of Beuggen and from 1809 to the office or district office of Lörrach. To the west of the village is the Hertenberg ruin .

Karsau

Karsau was first mentioned in 1269 as Karlesowe . The place was probably an accessory from Beuggen and came to the Deutschordenshaus Basel in 1246. Beuggen exercised until the secularization the lower jurisdiction from. The high and regional jurisdiction lay with the rulership of Rheinfelden. After the transition to Baden, Karsau was a municipality in the Beuggen office and came to the office or district office of Säckingen in 1809. The town of Riedmatt, which was first mentioned in 1269 as ze Rietmatten , also belonged to the municipality of Karsau . He too belonged to the German order of Beuggen.

Flexing

Beuggen was first mentioned in 1218 as Buchein . A knight family named themselves after him with a castle a little further up the Rhine, which today is only indicated by the street name “Burstelstrasse” (derived from Burgstall ) in Beuggen. The knights sold their property to Ulrich von Liebenberg, who gave it to the German Order of Basel in 1246 . A number of disputes followed this sale. The future German King Rudolf von Habsburg was called to arbitrate a dispute between Master Gotfrid and the Teutonic Brothers in Alsace and Burgundy and the Mangold von Buchein because of the "Veste Buchein and its accessories" on June 17, 1248 in Laufenburg. The Lords of Beuggen then resided in Nollingen and appear again at the end of the 14th century through Jungher Henman von Büghein in connection with the German Order. In 1393, for example, at the request of Johannes Scheffer, he sealed his original feud regarding his capture at the castle on the " Stein " in Rheinfelden. The family died out in the 16th century. The former Beuggen Castle was abandoned by the Teutonic Order and instead a new complex was built from 1268 onwards, which was constantly being expanded. The administration of the Komtur was in Basel . Around 1400 a palace complex was built, which was later redesigned in Baroque style, today's Beuggen Palace . In 1806 the Kommende was handed over to the state of Baden, which established the Beuggen district office there in 1807 , which was dissolved in 1810.

Minseln

Minseln was first mentioned in a gift from Cauzbert on October 27, 754 as Minsilido to the St. Gallen monastery . The place came to the Teutonic Order House Beuggen through several lords in 1281. The rulership of Rheinfelden exercised the sovereignty and high jurisdiction . In 1807 Minseln came to the office of Beuggen and in 1809 to the district office of Schopfheim, when it was dissolved in 1936 to the district office of Säckingen, which in 1939 became the district of Säckingen.

North Swabia

North Swabia was first mentioned at the beginning of the 12th century as Nortsuuaben . Through several mostly unknown rulers, the place came to rule Rheinfelden in the 14th century and, after the transition to Baden, came to the office of Beuggen in 1807 and from 1809 to the office of Schopfheim. When it was dissolved in 1936, North Swabia was assigned to the Säckingen district office.

Incorporations

The following communities were incorporated into the city of Rheinfelden (Baden):

  • January 1, 1972: Degerfelden (district of Lörrach), Minseln
  • October 1, 1973: Herten
  • January 1, 1974: Eichsel
  • March 1, 1974: Northern Swabia
  • July 1, 1974: Adelhausen
  • January 1, 1975: Karsau

Population development

Population figures according to the respective area. Until 1919 these are figures from the municipality of Nollingen. The figures are census results (¹) or official updates from the respective statistical offices (main residences only).

Population development of Rheinfelden from 1755 to 2016
year Residents
1755 440
1855 697
1890 735
1900 2,351
December 1, 1910¹ 3,322
1919 ¹ 3,612
June 16, 1925 ¹ 5,304
June 16, 1933 ¹ 6,511
May 17, 1939 ¹ 7,452
September 13, 1950 ¹ 9,084
June 6, 1961 ¹ 14,642
year Residents
May 27, 1970 ¹ 16,400
December 31, 1975 27,500
December 31, 1980 27,415
May 25, 1987 ¹ 27,453
December 31, 1990 29,148
December 31, 1995 30,989
December 31, 2000 31,861
December 31, 2005 32,226
December 31, 2010 32,330
December 31, 2016 32,804
December 31, 2017 32,856

¹ census result

The proportion of foreign nationals in 2008 was 14.2% of the total population of the city of Rheinfelden.

Religions

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 26.4% of the population were Evangelical Lutheran , 40.4% Roman Catholic and 33.2% were non-denominational or belong to another religious community. Currently 7,335 (22.2%) of the 33,000 inhabitants are Evangelical Lutheran and 11,374 (34.5%) Roman Catholic.

Roman Catholic

The area of ​​today's city of Rheinfelden (Baden) initially belonged to the diocese of Constance and was subordinate to the Archdiakonat Breisgau. Due to the fact that the places belonged to the Habsburg rule of Rheinfelden or to the Teutonic Order, the Reformation could not prevail. Therefore, the area remained predominantly Catholic until the 19th century. After the dissolution of the Diocese of Constance, the Catholic communities came to the newly founded Archdiocese of Freiburg . Here they belong to the dean's office in Säckingen, which today has its seat in Rheinfelden, district of Herten. There are the following parishes, which are united in three pastoral care units: Pastoral care unit Dinkelberg (St. Michael Beuggen (with Karsau), St. Gallus Eichsel (with Adelhausen), St. Peter and Paul Minseln with Northern Swabia), pastoral care unit Herten ( St. Urban Herten with branch Degerfelden) and pastoral care unit Rheinfelden ( St. Josef Rheinfelden , St. Felix and Regula Nollingen and St. Gallus Warmbach ). The parish of St. Josef Rheinfelden was only established in 1916. Before that, the Catholics of Rheinfeld were looked after from Nollingen.

Catholic parish church St. Michael in Karsau

Evangelical

In the 19th century Protestants also moved into the communities of today's city of Rheinfelden. First they belonged to the municipality of Säckingen, then to Grenzach. In 1899 a separate pastoral office was set up and in 1903 the Christ parish or parish in Rheinfelden was established. The parish of Karsau-Beuggen (since 1974 Johannes parish) was separated from it. In 1959, the Paulus parish for the north of the city and in 1981 the Petrusparrei Herten . Its houses of worship are the Christ Church Rheinfelden from 1938, the Johanneskirche Minseln from 1953, the Community Center Warmbach from 1965, the Community Center Paulussaal Rheinfelden-Nord from 1974 and the Community Center Karsau from 1974. The Johannesgemeinde include the districts of Karsau, Beuggen, Adelhausen, Eichsel and Minseln , the districts of Degerfelden and Nollingen for the Paulus community and the Warmbach district for the Christ community and the Herten district for the Petrus community. All four parishes form the Evangelical General Church Community of Rheinfelden; which belongs to the church district Markgräflerland of the Protestant regional church in Baden .

Free Churches and Jehovah's Witnesses

In addition to the two large churches, there are also parishes in Rheinfelden (Baden) that belong to free churches , including the Chrischona parish , the Free Evangelical Parish (FeG) and the Christian Center of God's Congregation . The New Apostolic Church is also represented in Rheinfelden (Baden). There is also a Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses in the Oberrheinfelden area .

Old Catholics

The old Catholic parish of Rheinfelden, which belongs to the parish of Bad Säckingen, uses the small church on the Adelberg .

Islam

In addition to the above-mentioned Christian religious communities, a Turkish - Islamic community, which has a mosque since 1996, has also been located in Rheinfelden - today around 1000 members . This is called the Alperenler Mosque and is part of the DITIB umbrella organization .

On April 16, 1999, the Christian-Islamic Association Hochrhein e. V. with seat in Rheinfelden was founded, which is supported by the city of Rheinfelden in addition to the religious communities.

politics

Municipal council

Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , the sets council of Rheinfelden composed of 32 municipal councils. With a turnout of 50.9%, the election led to the following result:

Political party Share of votes + / -% p Seats + / -
CDU 29.3% - 4.8 9 - 2nd
SPD 25.0% - 6.8 8th - 2nd
FW 21.4% + 1.1 7th + 1
GREEN 17.9% + 6.0 6th + 2
FDP 3.9% + 1.9 1 ± 0
Social Rheinfelden (WSR) 2.6% + 2.6 1 + 1
total 100% 32

The districts are each represented by the chairperson of the local council in the local council. The area of ​​responsibility of the local council is to advise the local administration. In the districts, the local councils advise and resolve all matters relating to the locality. The local council is heard in all important matters affecting the locality and has the right to make proposals in all matters affecting the locality.

On September 29, 2005, the municipal council decided to abolish the electoral system of false suburbs .

Mayor and Lord Mayor

The first mayor of Rheinfeld was Adolf Senger, who was elected in 1897 as the last mayor of the independent municipality of Nollingen. He was in office until his death in 1916. As the town grew and Badisch Rheinfelden was established in 1901, the mayor of Nollingen also became the mayor of Rheinfelden.

After the city of Rheinfelden was formed on October 17, 1922, the previous Nollingen municipal administration moved to Rheinfelden. The young city was headed by a mayor and the local council.

Since the elevation to the major district town in 1975, the mayor has held the title of mayor . This is now directly elected by the electorate for a term of eight years. He is chairman of the municipal council. His general deputy is the 1st alderman with the official title of mayor .

List of mayors and mayors:

Klaus Eberhardt
Term of office Public officials
1901-1916 Adolf Senger
1916-1919 Hermann Senger
1919-1927 Rudolf Vogel
1928-1933 Eugen Walz
1933-1939 Leopold Boesch
1939-1945 Max White
1945 Eugen Walz
1945-1946 Franz Fischer
1946-1948 Alois Maier
1948-1988 Herbert King
1988-2012 Eberhard Niethammer
since 2012 Klaus Eberhardt

Youth parliament

Since 1995 there has been an elected youth parliament in Rheinfelden , which represents the interests of the youth in the city and the political bodies. It consists of 21 young representatives who are elected every two years. The greatest success was the new building of the central youth center in Tutti Kiesi, which was inaugurated in March 2013. Since 2012, the youth parliament has been awarding the “Jugend-Hammer Preis” annually to the person who has brought the city's youth forward the most in the past year.

Award winners
year Award winners
Honorary Award July 2012 Eberhard Niethammer, Lord Mayor
2012 Dominik Apel, chairman of the youth parliament
2013 IG playground

coat of arms

The Rheinfeld heraldic animal: lion with rose (hence the nickname: "eco-lion")

The coat of arms of Rheinfelden (Baden) shows in gold a red lion holding a red rose on a green stem with two green leaves in the left front paw. The city flag is green-red-yellow. The coat of arms and flag were adopted by the municipality of Nollingen in 1911 at the suggestion of the General State Archives and continued by the city of Rheinfelden in 1922. It is the seal imprint of the former Nollinger local nobility (Edlen von Nollingen), which is documented from 1202 but died out in the 16th century. The blazon was based on the colors of Baden.

Town twinning

Under the motto "Rheinfelden combines" maintains Rheinfelden twinning to

Rheinfelden is very active in the area of ​​cross-border cooperation, including in the Rio Agenda 21 process . Under the motto “Think globally - act locally”, an intensive and supra-regionally observed process of reflection on sustainable future development was carried out together with the population, which has been implemented through specific activities since then. The suggestion to tackle this process came from the head of the Protestant conference and meeting center at Schloss Beuggen .

Culture and sights

Museums

Haus Salmegg, in the background the city park

The Rheinfelder Stadtmuseum is located in Haus Salmegg , a former patrician house , which was built in the years 1824/25 on the foundations of the old fortifications of the Rheinfelden bridgehead by Franz-Josef Dietschy (1770–1842) in the classical style. In addition to the city museum, the building also houses the city's wedding room, a concert hall and rooms for art exhibitions. The basement serves as a restaurant.

In a former water tower that is fool Museum of Narrenzunft Rheinfelden housed.

The Dinkelberg Geo-Museum was set up in July 2009 near the entrance to the Tschamberhöhle at the Riedmatt residential area in the Karsau district of Rheinfeld .

Buildings

One of the landmarks of Rheinfelden: the water tower
St. Joseph's Church

The water tower is one of the landmarks of the city of Rheinfelden (Baden). The 35 meter high tower was built from 1898 to 1899 and was in operation until 1971. The tower was renovated in the 1980s and has been used by the Narrenmuseum since 1993.

One of the most important buildings in today's urban area is the former Beuggen Teutonic Order Castle . It was built at the beginning of the 13th century by the order coming below the old castle. Around 1400 it was converted into a fortified palace complex, which was enlarged from 1585 to 1598. From 1752 to 1757 it was expanded again under Johann Caspar Bagnato and given a Baroque style. The Protestant castle church of St. Michael was built in the second half of the 14th century. It was also baroque in the 18th century. Today the castle serves as a Protestant conference center.

The old hydropower plant in the Rhine was built from 1895 to 1899 as the first river power plant in Europe and the first low-water power plant in the world according to plans by Conradin Zschokke . The sandstone building with its monumental facade was particularly worth seeing. At the beginning of the 21st century, the turbine hall still had some of its original equipment. At the turn of the year 2010/2011, the demolition of this important monument began. At the site of the old Rhine power station, an exhibition pavilion provides information about the development and importance of the power station for the city of Rheinfelden.

The main Catholic church in Rheinfeld is the Church of St. Josef , built in 1913/15 , a neo-baroque church with Art Nouveau elements. The main Protestant church is the Christ Church , built between 1935 and 1937 . Other Protestant churches and community centers in the city are the Protestant Johanneskirche Minseln (built in 1955), the Protestant community center Paulussaal Nordstadt (built 1974), the Protestant community center Karsau (built 1974), the Protestant community center Warmbach (built 1965) and the Herten chapel (built 1958). The square church of St. Michael in Karsau, reminiscent of a castle, was built in 1992.

The oldest church in the city center is the Adelbergkirche. The converted utility building is near the train station on the Adelberg. It was consecrated on September 17, 1899 as the first in the newly emerging city of Rheinfelden (Baden) in the presence of Oberkirchenrat Oehler by Dean Höchstetter. The church soon proved to be much too small, so in 1903 a gallery was added to it. It was rediscovered, cleaned and put into operation by the YMCA in the 1960s. The sale of the church in 1976 to the Rheinfelden power plants almost cost the pastor of the town church at the time. The proceeds from the sale were used to buy a rectory in Karsau. Today it is used by the old Catholic community , but is also often used for weddings, baptisms and ecumenical services.

There are old Catholic churches in almost all districts of Rheinfeld. Only Adelhausen and Karsau do not have a church. The Catholic Church in Degerfelden is said to have been built in the 13th century. It was renewed around 1763. It is a branch church of Herten. The parish church of St. Gallus in Obereichsel was built at the end of the 12th century, but only the tower remains. The ship was built in the second half of the 19th century. The church is considered the burial place of the three virgins Kunigunde, Mechtrudis and Wilbrandis, which is why Eichsel was a well-known place of pilgrimage . The choir tower has been preserved from the medieval parish church of St. Urban Herten. The rest of the church was built in 1789/92 according to plans by the builder Franz Anton Bagnato who worked for the Teutonic Order . The church, which is now used as a cemetery church, was once a pilgrimage church. The Church of St. Peter and Paul Minseln was built in 1686, but a pastor is mentioned as early as 1275. The Mauritius Chapel in Northern Swabia was built in the 15th century, the nave was added in 1733. In the choir there are remains of wall paintings from the 15th century.

Green spaces

Beuggen Castle
  • City garden on the banks of the Rhine by Haus Salmegg (→ St.-Anna-Loch )
  • Herbert King Park
  • Rheinpark am Adelberg with the Rheinuferweg
  • Rudolf Vogel plant
  • Kastanienallee on the "Black Path"
  • Park of Beuggen Castle
  • Chestnut park at the town hall
  • Play park Tutti Kiesi, former grounds of Grün 07

Events

Regular events

Rheinfeld carnival figure "Latschari"
  • Sidewalk festival : This street festival organized by many Rheinfeld clubs and carnival cliques is the highlight of the Rheinfelden festival calendar. It takes place annually on a weekend in late August or early September in the area around the Riegeler Bierablage (Alte Landstrasse / Emil-Frey-Strasse / Güterstrasse). The partner cities of Rheinfeld are also regularly involved.
  • City festival with nostalgic fair: every June in the entire pedestrian zone of the city center, with Sunday shopping
  • DiGa: largest garden fair in the region with over 15,000 visitors, annually in July at Schloss Beuggen .
  • International Summer Academy for Music ISAM: Concerts and master classes in Schloss Beuggen, annually in August
  • International pottery and handicraft market at Schloss Beuggen, every year at the end of May / beginning of June
  • Christmas market: every year at the end of November / beginning of December in the city center
  • Cabaret in the Bürgersaal: permanent series of events by the cultural office
  • Castle concerts of the Protestant conference and meeting center in the Bagnato Hall or the church of Castle Beugen, monthly
  • Market music Rheinfelden: since 1994 every 1st and 3rd Saturday of the month, 11 a.m. Christ Church
  • Evenings in Schätzle's cellar: cabaret and author readings
  • 3000-step walk: every 1st Sunday morning of the month circular walk in the Adelberg / Stadtpark / Rheinufer area with a changing theme
  • Eichsler treatment : traditional procession of the Catholics in the Eichsel district on the Dinkelberg, annually on the third Sunday in July
  • Bach Festival: every year at the end of June / beginning of July in the Degerfelden district
  • Trotte festival: annually in June in the Karsau district
  • Bridge sensations: International street theater festival, since 2006 annually on the third weekend in August, organized by the Rheinfelden Cultural Office (Baden)

Sports

Herten-Rheinfelden airfield

In addition to the usual sports and leisure facilities such as sports fields and gyms, there is a large number of different clubs in Rheinfelden. The small Herten-Rheinfelden airfield in the west of Rheinfelden offers take-off and landing facilities for glider pilots and small motor-powered aircraft.

The German Road Cycling Championships took place in Rheinfelden in 1998, organized by RSV Rheinfelden. In 2000, the 17th stage of the 87th Tour de France ran through the city. Alois Stöcklin († 2018), 1981 world record holder in long-distance cycling (9821 km in 31 days), has been deputy captain of the Tour of Hope since the beginning .

At the beginning of 2010, the SV Nollingen 1949 e. V., who plays football in the district league B Hochrhein, the former Cuban national goalkeeper Dany Quintero . Alisa Vetterlein , goalkeeper in the squad of the German national women's football team , also comes from SV Nollingen . Her sister Laura also began her football career at SV Nollingen, was U17 European champion with the national team in 2009 and took part in the 2010 U19 European Junior Championship . Both also won the triple of championship, DFB Cup and Champions League in 2013 with VFL Wolfsburg.

In February 2017, Raoul Petretta, born in Rheinfelden (Baden), will make his debut with the first soccer team of FC Basel . The following season he was appointed to the Italian national soccer team U21 and played his first game against U21 Portugal on May 25, 2018.

The TuS Adelhausen team currently competes in the German wrestling league .

Economy and Infrastructure

Industry

The old hydropower plant in Rheinfelden

There is a salt deposit below Rheinfelden, the mining of which formed the basis for the local chemical industry. The old hydropower plant was the basis for the settlement of important energy-intensive companies, thus also for the influx of many residents and thus for the emergence and today's development of the city. Rheinfelden has remained an industrial city since it was founded, but the city has long been trying to diversify its spectrum with some successes.

The city gained notoriety for the enormous dioxin build-up caused by industrial waste. In an enormous environmental clean-up process, these were eliminated, especially in the residential areas, or at least covered if the pollution was lower. However, even today, precautionary soil examinations in the context of building projects have found dioxin contamination. In the restructuring process, the successor organizations of the companies involved (including IG Farben ) made large donations.

Aerial view of the industrial facilities in Rheinfelden

Important industrial companies currently located here are, for example:

  • Evonik Industries AG , Rheinfelden plant (specialty chemicals)
  • Aluminum Rheinfelden GmbH (aluminum semi-finished products ), founded in 1898 as the first aluminum smelter in Germany, today the world market leader in aluminum casting alloys
  • Rheinperchemie GmbH ( persulfate production), formerly part of Degussa, later part of the Italian Bombardieri Group ( Unionchimica Spa), sold to FMC Corporation in 2011, sold to One Equity Partners in 2014 with the FMC Global Peroxygens division renamed PeroxyChem , and in 2020 RPC with PeroxyChem taken over from Evonik
  • Cabot Rheinfelden GmbH & Co. KG (chemicals)
  • Vacono Aluminum Covers GmbH, formerly a plant construction company belonging to Aluminum Rheinfelden GmbH (tank equipment and vapor recovery systems)
  • OZ-Druck & Medien GmbH ( web offset printing company ), as well as OZ Verlag: see OZ Druck und Verlag (insolvent, business operations discontinued)

traffic

Rheinfelden train station
South portal of the Nollinger Berg tunnel on the A 861 crossbar

The city of Rheinfelden is part of the Lörrach regional transport association . It is connected to the surrounding area by several local and regional bus connections . There are three stops (Herten, Rheinfelden, Beuggen) along the S-Bahn , which runs between Basel and Waldshut-Tiengen . In addition, Rheinfelden (Baden) station is a stop on the IRE Basel Bad line. Bf - Ulm Hbf, which is served by tilting technology trains of the 612 series every 2 hours (or 1 hour between Basel and Singen ). Natural gas-powered minibuses also commute over the Old Rhine Bridge between Rheinfelden in Baden and Switzerland . The use of cross-border lines as part of free travel for the severely disabled is recognized on several Swiss route sections.

Rheinfelden has a connection to the A 861 Querspange , which joins the A 98 northwards . The A 861 connects to the Swiss A 3 in the south . The associated joint customs facility at the Rheinfelder Brücke was opened on March 7, 2006. As a result of the opening, the old Rhine bridge was closed to motorized traffic (with the exception of taxis, public buses and vehicles not suitable for the motorway).

The B 34 or E 54 runs through Rheinfelden in an east-west direction . Rheinfelden is also connected to Lörrach via the B 316 , which crosses the pass at Waidhof . With the opening of the Herrschaftsbuck Tunnel on the new section of the A 98 between the Hochrhein motorway triangle and the future Rheinfelden-Karsau junction (expected at the end of 2020), the city will be significantly relieved of through traffic.

At the intersection of L 143, K 6336, K 6333 and Schildgasse (commercial area in the Karsau district), the largest roundabout in Baden-Württemberg and at the same time the largest turbo roundabout in Germany was opened to traffic in autumn 2009, with an outer diameter of 88 meters and five arms . It is designed for 40,000 vehicles a day.

From Rheinfelden the river is navigable to the North Sea at Rhine kilometer 149.4, and the Rhine port of Rheinfelden for cargo ships up to 150 meters in length is located nearby .

Authorities

town hall

In Rheinfelden there is a branch office (vehicle registration) of the Lörrach district office, a special educational counseling center of the Lörrach state school authority located at the Eichendorffschule, as well as branch offices of the district youth welfare office / general social service and the district's psychological counseling center.

The Rheinfeld town hall was built according to plans by the native Karsauers Herbert Schaudt together with the Rheinfeld architect Lothar Reichart.

media

About the local events in Rheinfelden (Baden) report as a daily newspaper , the Badische Zeitung in Freiburg in cooperation with the local Südkurier from Konstanz, and the upper Badische (formerly "Oberbadisches people sheet") from Loerrach.

Educational institutions

Main entrance of the new city library

In Rheinfelden (Baden) there are two grammar schools (Georg Büchner grammar school and technical grammar school), a secondary school (Gertrud Luckner secondary school), a special needs school (Eichendorff school), two elementary schools (Fridolinschule and Hebelschule) and six primary and secondary schools Secondary schools (Christian-Heinrich-Zeller-Schule, Dinkelbergschule, Goethe-Grund- und Hauptschule, Hans-Thoma-Grund- und Hauptschule Warmbach, Scheffel-Grund- und Hauptschule Herten and Schillerschule Rheinfelden). A branch of the private school for educational assistance Tüllinger Höhe is located in Castle Beuggen.

The district of Lörrach is responsible for the Rheinfelden trade school.

The private evening secondary school , the private technical school for curative education care at Sankt Josefshaus Herten and the private Karl Rolfus school for the mentally and physically handicapped at St. Josefshaus Herten round off the school offerings. The St. Josef Institution Church is affiliated to the organization for the disabled .

An adult education center and a city library are also available in Rheinfelden. At the beginning of November 2009, the library opened in new and significantly larger rooms, which were realized as an extension to the town hall in the city center according to a plan by Günter Pfeifer .

Medical institutions

The district hospital in Rheinfelden with a focus on orthopedics, which Hans Rudolf Henche founded in 1977, is part of the district clinics Lörrach GmbH.

The Rheinfeld Women's Clinic, which was founded in 1957 by Gerhard Dieterich, the son-in-law of the first Rheinfeld doctor and honorary citizen Therese Herzog-Rennau, was well-known across the region. The clinic gave up the obstetric department on October 31, 2011 and then filed for bankruptcy at the turn of the year. On October 31, 2012, ownership of the former gynecological clinic passed to a regional investor who, after extensive renovations, is now marketing the property as living space.

Social institutions (selection)

  • St. Josefshaus Herten , the largest provider of work with and for people with disabilities in the district of Lörrach
  • several church and municipal kindergartens and day-care centers
  • Mother and Family Center
  • Bürgerheim (urban retirement home)
  • Senior meeting place Gambrinus
  • six youth centers in the city center and the districts

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The city of Rheinfelden (Baden) has granted the following people honorary citizenship:

Date of award Surname Life dates activity
December 20, 1929 Robert Haas 1869-1943 General director of the power transmission plant in Rheinfelden and professor at the TH Karlsruhe
March 22, 1933 Friedrich Jung † September 5, 1957 Director of the Degussa plant
May 10, 1961 Therese Herzog-Rennau * May 12, 1886; † March 9, 1980 first doctor practicing in Rheinfelden (from 1912)
March 20 /
May 2, 1980		 Maurice Sadorge * April 1, 1902 in Maintenon ;
† November 14, 1984 in Dreux 		Mayor of the city of Fécamp , Normandy
June 24, 1987 Adolf Hermann * November 13, 1910;
† January 20, 1998		 Catholic parish priest
June 24, 1988 Herbert King * June 2, 1920; † July 5, 2001 Lord Mayor
June 16, 2012 Eberhard Niethammer * November 19, 1948 Lord Mayor

Sons and daughters of the city or its communities of origin

Other personalities

  • Christian Heinrich Zeller (1779–1860), educator and hymn poet, founder of the Beuggen school for the poor
  • Friedrich Kraft (1904–1970), pastor, member of the Confessing Church
  • Peter Osypka (* 1934), entrepreneur and founder
  • Edward H. Tarr (1936–2020), trumpet virtuoso and musicologist. Lived with his wife Irmtraud in the Eichsel district
  • Hans Rudolf Henche (* 1940), orthopedic surgeon, co-founder of knee joint arthroscopy in Germany
  • Alfred Winkler (* 1946), SPD member of the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg, local council in Rheinfelden, local council and ex-mayor of the district of Herten
  • Holger VO Dieterich (* 1948), gynecologist, senologist and breast surgeon
  • Irmtraud Tarr (* 1950), concert organist, author and psychotherapist,
  • Thomas Blubacher (* 1967), author and director
  • Christian Gutfleisch (* 1968), jazz musician
  • Franz Fischer (1887–1967), local councilor in Rheinfelden until 1933, imprisoned in Dachau and Natzweiler, mayor after the Second World War
  • Francois Vouga, Professor of the New Testament, has lived in Rheinfelden-Warmbach since 2007

literature

  • Julius Birlin: Degerfelden and its neighborhood. On the way through the centuries. Resin, Binzen 1994, ISBN 3-923066-40-6 .
  • Julius Birlin: Herten from then to now! Self-published, Degerfelden 2002.
  • Erich Keyser (Ed.): Badisches Städtebuch (= German city book. Volume 4: Southwest Germany. 2: State of Baden-Württemberg. Partial volume: Baden ). Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1959.
  • Association Haus Salmegg e. V., History Working Group (Ed.): Rheinfelder Geschichtsblätter. ZDB ID 2291351-8 .
  • Association Haus Salmegg e. V. (Ed.): Rheinfelden Baden. Views. Haus-Salmegg-Verein, Rheinfelden (Baden) 1997, ISBN 3-932889-00-2 .
  • Association Haus Salmegg e. V. (Ed.): Rheinfelden Baden. Developments. Rheinfelden (Baden) 2011, ISBN 978-3-932889-15-8 .
  • Fritz Witzig: Rheinfelden Baden in old views. (Series) European Library, Zaltbommel (Netherlands) 1984 ff.
  • Walter Hochreiter, Eva Gschwind, André Salvisberg , Dominik Sieber, Claudius Sieber-Lehmann : Inside, outside, with you. History of the city of Rheinfelden . Ed .: City of Rheinfelden [Switzerland]. regional culture publisher, Ubstadt-Weiher 2014, ISBN 978-3-89735-800-3 .
  • Sabine Diezinger: “We are Rheinfelder!” Nollingen-Badisch Rheinfelden and Warmbach - a contribution to the administrative history of these communities. In: Das Markgräflerland , Volume 1/2007, pp. 79–84, digitized version of the Freiburg University Library

Web links

Commons : Rheinfelden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Rheinfelden (Baden)  - travel guide
Wikisource: Rheinfelden in the Topographia Alsatiae (M. Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Department of State Description of the State Archives Freiburg im Breisgau: Der Landkreis Lörrach. Volume 2: B. Community descriptions Kandern to Zell im Wiesental. Published by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives Directorate in conjunction with the Lörrach district. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1994, ISBN 3-7995-1354-X , p. 243.
  3. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. P. 201.
  4. ^ Sabine Diezinger: Rheinfelden (Baden). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  5. ↑ Ulrich Brandl, Emmi Federhofer: Sound + Technology. Roman bricks (= documents from the Limes Museum Aalen. No. 61). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2403-0 .
  6. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. Pp. 201-202.
  7. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. P. 204.
  8. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. P. 220.
  9. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. Pp. 225-229.
  10. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. Pp. 233-235.
  11. ^ Hochreiter et al .: Inside, outside, there. Pp. 258-259.
  12. ^ Hermann Wartmann: Document book of the Abbey of Sanct Gallen. Part 1: 700-840. Höhr, Zurich 1863, pp. 17-18 reader.digitale-sammlungen.de .
  13. ^ Hermann Wartmann: Document book of the Abbey of Sanct Gallen. Part 1: 700-840. Höhr, Zurich 1863, p. 290, document no.313 .
  14. ^ Hermann Wartmann: Document book of the Abbey of Sanct Gallen. Part 1: 700-840. Höhr, Zurich 1863, p. 23 reader.digitale-sammlungen.de .
  15. ↑ Moritz Gmelin (Ed.): Document book of the Deutschordens-Commende Beuggen. Continuation. 1300-1349. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . Volume 29, 1877, pp. 163-260, here pp. 165 and 195-197, reg. No. 116.
  16. ^ Theodor von Liebenau: Contributions to the history of the von Tegerfelden family. In: Yearbook of the Heraldic Society "Adler" in Vienna. Volume 10 = 13, 1883, ZDB ID 504795-x , pp. 1-10.
  17. ↑ Entry Obereichsel (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  18. ^ Hermann Wartmann: Document book of the Abbey of Sanct Gallen. Part 1: 700-840. Höhr, Zurich 1863, pp. 184-185, document no. 194 .
  19. ↑ Moritz Gmelin (Ed.): Document book of the Deutschordens-Commende Beuggen. Continuation. 1300-1349. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine. Volume 28, 1876, pp. 78–127, here pp. 90 and 106–107, Reg. No. 16.
  20. ↑ Beuggener Copialbuch Fol. 119.
  21. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 501 .
  22. ↑ a b c d Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 521 .
  23. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 522 .
  24. ↑ Rheinfelden population in regional comparison by religion -in%, 2011 census .
  25. ↑ The churches in Rheinfelden continue to lose members, accessed on December 17, 2019.
  26. ^ Rheinfelden (Baden), final results of the 2019 municipal council elections , accessed on September 8, 2019.
  27. ^ City archive Rheinfelden (Baden).
  28. ↑ Since 1862 the Eichsler meeting has taken place every year.
  29. ↑ Former long-distance world record holder Stöcklin died in an accident. In: rad-net.de. August 28, 2018, accessed September 1, 2018 .
  30. ↑ Team Solemontana employees .
  31. ^ National goalkeeper in Nollingen , Badische Zeitung of February 4, 2010.
  32. ↑ Buses and trams in the Basel, Riehen and Rheinfelden (Switzerland) area on oepnv-info.de.
  33. ↑ Motorway construction is progressing: Everything is going well in the Herrschaftsbuck tunnel In: Südkurier , Rheinfelden edition, August 10, 2018.
  34. ↑ Largest “turbine” goes into operation. In: Badische Zeitung , Rheinfelden edition, August 3, 2009.
  35. ↑ Roundabout of Records. In: Südkurier , Rheinfelden edition, September 11, 2009.
  36. ↑ Women's clinic has been sold. In: suedkurier.de. Retrieved November 26, 2012 .
  37. ↑ badische-zeitung.de