Heidenheim an der Brenz

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz
Heidenheim an der Brenz
Map of Germany, position of the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 41 ′  N , 10 ° 9 ′  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Stuttgart
County : Heidenheim
Height : 504 m above sea level NHN
Area : 107.1 km 2
Residents: 49,526 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 462 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 89518, 89520, 89522
Primaries : 07321, 07367
License plate : HDH
Community key : 08 1 35 019
LOCODE : DE HD2
City structure: Core city and 4 districts

City administration address : 		Grabenstrasse 15
89522 Heidenheim an der Brenz
Website : www.heidenheim.de
Lord Mayor : Bernhard Ilg ( CDU )
Location of the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz in the Heidenheim district
Alb-Donau-Kreis Ostalbkreis Landkreis Göppingen Niederstotzingen Sontheim an der Brenz Hermaringen Giengen an der Brenz Dischingen Nattheim Heidenheim an der Brenz Steinheim am Albuch Königsbronn Herbrechtingen Herbrechtingen Gerstetten Bayernmap
About this picture
View over Heidenheim in 2007

Heidenheim an der Brenz is a city in the east of Baden-Württemberg on the border with Bavaria , about 17 kilometers south of Aalen and 33 kilometers north of Ulm . It is the district town and largest city in the Heidenheim district and, after Aalen and Schwäbisch Gmünd, the third largest city in the East Württemberg region .

Heidenheim forms its own middle center , the middle area of ​​which includes all communities in the Heidenheim district. Heidenheim has been a major district town since April 1, 1956 . The city ​​of Heidenheim has entered into an agreed administrative partnership with the municipality of Nattheim .

geography

Geographical location

Heidenheim lies at an altitude of 478 to 645 meters between Albuch and Härtsfeld at the north-eastern end of the Swabian Alb in a valley widening of the Brenz at the confluence of the Stubental at the foot of the Hellenstein. Coming from Königsbronn , where it rises, the Brenz enters the urban area in the north-west, flows through it in a north-south direction and divides one after the other the settlement areas of the Aufhausen and Schnaitheim districts , then that of the core city and finally that of the Mergelstetten district to surround it South towards Herbrechtingen to leave again.

Neighboring communities

The following cities and communities border the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz. They are named starting in the north in a clockwise direction : Aalen and Neresheim ( Ostalbkreis ), Nattheim (Heidenheim district), Syrgenstein ( Dillingen district , Bavaria ) and Giengen an der Brenz , Herbrechtingen , Steinheim am Albuch and Königsbronn (all Heidenheim district).

City structure

The urban area of ​​Heidenheim an der Brenz consists of the core town (with the abandoned village of Bintzwangen and the village of Niederhofen, which was absorbed into Heidenheim) and the following municipalities incorporated from 1910 to 1974:

Brenzufer near Mergelstetten
Oggenhausen, aerial photo (2016)

The two only in the recent municipal reform incorporated municipalities Großkuchen and Oggenhausen are also towns within the meaning of Baden-Wuerttemberg Municipal Code , that is, they each have a newly elected by the population in each municipal Ortschaftsrat , chaired by the mayor is.

Climate diagram from Heidenheim 1961–1990

climate

Heidenheim an der Brenz has an average temperature of 8.1 ° C. The annual average rainfall is 880 millimeters. Fog is particularly common in autumn. Snow usually falls in the winter months, but this is not always sufficient for a closed snow cover. The normally dry bed of the Wedels, which reaches the city from the west, carries water at the time of the snowmelt and the Brenz also has a higher water level. Due to the flood retention basins in the surrounding dry valleys and the turning of the frond, flooding is no longer a major problem.

Division of space

According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.

history

Until the 19th century

There were first signs of human presence in the Heidenheim urban area in the Abri Heidenschmiede around 70,000 years ago, but permanent settlement did not exist until around 1300 BC. Extensive settlement remnants are mainly in the won forsamen from the time between 1200 and 800 BC. BC as well as the Hallstatt and Latène times have been preserved.

In Roman times from around 85 AD, the Aquileia fort was located in Heidenheim with over 1000 mounted soldiers. The unit stationed there, the Ala II Flavia milliaria , was later relocated further north to Aalen, presumably in 159 AD. The Aquileia fort initially formed the eastern end of the so-called Alblimes . But soon a civil settlement was built at this strategically important place and intersection of five Roman roads , one of the largest Roman cities in what is now Baden-Württemberg. Finds show a populated area of ​​at least 15, if not 20 hectares. In addition, the remains of a representative Roman administrative building were recently found during excavations, the exact function of which has not yet been fully clarified (as of May 2005). Due to its size, its location and other references, Aquileia was probably the capital of a Roman administrative district (cf. Civitas ). Since 233, the Alamanni repeatedly attacked the Roman border fortifications ( Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes ). The abandonment of the Limes by the Romans 260 brought the end of Roman Heidenheim. To what extent the Roman population continued to exist under the new, Alemannic rule, it is unclear that this was the case is very likely.

We don't know anything about the Aquileia / Heidenheim during the Migration Period . But Heidenheim was first mentioned in a document (again) in the 8th century. The foundation of the medieval city ​​goes hand in hand with the construction of Hellenstein Castle . City walls were built in sections in 1190 and 1420. The town's market rights were granted or confirmed by Emperor Karl IV in 1356 . The town came to Württemberg in 1448 through the rule of the Counts of Helfenstein . From 1462 to 1504 the city was temporarily part of Bavaria. Later it belonged to Ulm for a short time. In the time of Württemberg it was always the seat of an office that was an exclave of the Duchy of Württemberg until 1803 . The then territorial gains of Württemberg then established the direct connection to the main part of the country, which entered the newly founded Rhine Confederation in 1806 as the Kingdom of Württemberg . In 1807 the Heidenheim office was elevated to a higher office ( Oberamt Heidenheim ), from which the Heidenheim district emerged in 1938, which was hardly changed during the 1973 district reform .

A functioning water supply system already existed in Heidenheim in 1590. Spring water from the spring of the Brunnenmühlen was pumped into a high pressure tank near the castle, which supplied the area of ​​today's old town .

Ten women were affected in the witch hunts of 1607–1632. Most witch trials ended in burning at the stake. The first victim was Maria Öchsler, called "the great Maria".

The economic development of the village and town is primarily due to the mining and smelting of mineral ore deposits, which were already exploited in Roman times. The importance of this branch of industry waned at the beginning of the 19th century due to the great competition, first from Wasseralfingen and then from the Rhineland . Gradually industrialization came about .

Postmark of the town of Heidenheim in the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1897

In 1864 Heidenheim was connected to the Württemberg railway network via the Brenz Railway , which was under construction .

20th and 21st centuries

Heidenheim also gained importance in the manufacture of fabrics. The flax grown on the Eastern Alb was processed into canvas. The textile industry began with the import of cotton at the beginning of the 19th century, but it lost importance due to international competition after the Second World War . In 1920 economic tensions erupted in the protests of the Heidenheim cherry war .

As early as 1925, the population of the city of Heidenheim exceeded the 20,000 limit. In 1935 Heidenheim was declared an urban district according to the German municipal code, but remained part of the Oberamt or, from 1938, of the Heidenheim district.

During the Second World War , between October 1941 and November 1942, a subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp with 50 prisoners was attached to the police school above the city . From December 1944 to April 1945 it housed a 20-man work detachment from the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp , which had to perform services for the SS helper corps of the Waffen-SS , which was housed in the police school from 1944 .

After the Second World War, two DP camps were set up in Heidenheim , namely in the former police school, on the premises of which the subcamp had existed, and - from October 1945 - in the Voith settlement , which had to be completely cleared by the German residents . These were mainly Polish, and in 1946 almost only Jewish displaced persons . The camps, in which up to 2,620 people lived at times, were disbanded in August 1949.

1948 Heidenheim was the immediate county seat and on April 1, 1956 Baden-Wuerttemberg with the entry into force of the municipal code to the district town explained. On October 19, 1957, the city name was officially added to the Brenz .

With the incorporation of two neighboring communities as part of the regional reform in the early 1970s, Heidenheim reached its present-day area.

In 1984 the Baden-Württemberg Home Days took place in Heidenheim . In December 2003, Heidenheim gained nationwide fame when three young repatriates were stabbed to death by a neo-Nazi in front of a discotheque in the city center . In response to this, with the help of the city, young people initiated the project Beellt Farbe , which carries out various actions against violence.

In addition, Heidenheim became known in 2006 for hosting the state horticultural show . In 2010 the criminal case of Maria Bögerl occurred .

  • Urban development

  • Engraving by Matthäus Merian (Topographia Sueviae, 1643/1656)

  • Heidenheim in 1804, painting by Friedrich Weber

  • City view on a postcard from 1902

  • View over Heidenheim, 2007

Religions

The population of Heidenheim originally belonged to the diocese of Augsburg and was subordinate to the Heidenheim chapter. As early as 1524, the Reformation penetrated the city through Ulm . Since the city was then part of Württemberg , the Reformation was continued by Duke Ulrich from 1535 , so that Heidenheim was a predominantly Protestant city for centuries. At that time, the city became the seat of a deanery (see Heidenheim church district ), whose deanery church is now the Pauluskirche (built in 1897). The first parish church in Heidenheim, however, was the Peterskirche on the Totenberg, an originally Romanesque church that was rebuilt several times and now serves as a cemetery church. In the 16th century, Michaelskirche became the town's parish church. This church was built around 1200, refurbished in 1578 and an extension was added in 1621. The tower was renewed in 1687 and the extension was enlarged again in 1767. With the construction of the Pauluskirche in 1897, the seat of the dean changed. Michael’s Church has remained a preaching place for the Paul’s congregation to this day.

In the 20th century, the number of Heidenheim's population increased, so that more communities were founded. In 1958 the Christusgemeinde (church from 1956), the Johannesgemeinde (church with community center from 1963), in 1972 the Waldkirchengemeinde (church from 1975, but the community had a wooden church since 1926), the Reconciliation Congregation and the Zinzendorf congregation. These six congregations of the core city form the Evangelical Overall Church Community of Heidenheim. The Reformation was also introduced in the districts of Mergelstetten and Schnaitheim as a result of their early affiliation to Württemberg. Therefore there is a Protestant parish and a church in each of these two districts. Mergelstetten was initially a branch of Bolheim, but in 1700 it became its own parish. The current church was built in 1843 in place of the church that burned down two years earlier. The Schnaitheim church was rebuilt in the 17th century, but the place already had a church that was first mentioned in 1344. Oggenhausen initially belonged to Zöschingen and initially remained Catholic. In the 17th century, however, Protestantism prevailed here as well. After that the place was supplied from Nattheim until it got its own parish in 1834. The village church was built in 1732 instead of a chapel. As a result of belonging to the Öttingen rule, Großkuchen remained Catholic. The Neresheim monastery had the usufruct of the village church. The Protestants who immigrated to Großkuchen today are taken care of from Schnaitheim. All Protestant parishes in the Heidenheim city area belong to the Heidenheim deanery within the Evangelical Church in Württemberg . There are also old Pietist communities in Heidenheim . At the beginning of 2001, the community of Brückengemeinde was founded in Heidenheim. This congregation, which is affiliated with the Evangelical Regional Church, wants above all to actively evangelize people who are distant from the church.

Michaelskirche Schnaitheim

There have been Catholics in Heidenheim only since the 19th century. For them a separate church of St. Mary was built in 1882. In 1886 its own parish was founded. A second church, the Dreifaltigkeitskirche, was built in 1961 and made a parish in 1962. The Christ the King Church was built in Mergelstetten in 1957 and made a parish in 1961. Today, all three parishes form pastoral care unit 3 within the Heidenheim deanery of the Rottenburg-Stuttgart diocese . The St. Bonifatius Church was built in Schnaitheim in 1951 and made a parish in 1961. The church of St. Petrus and Paulus in Großkuchen was built in 1736 on the foundation walls of an older church. Small cake is also part of the parish, but there is an St. Ulrich church there, which was rebuilt in 1517 and 1746. Both parishes (St. Bonifatius and St. Peter and Paulus) together with the neighboring parish Mariä Himmelfahrt Königsbronn form pastoral care unit 2. The Catholics from Oggenhausen belong to the parish of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Nattheim (pastoral care unit 1), which also belongs to the Dean's office in Heidenheim.

In addition to the two large churches, Heidenheim also has various free churches , including the Evangelical Free Church Congregation ( Baptists ), the Evangelical Methodist Church , the Immanuel Congregation , the Evangelical Chrischona Congregation , the Ecclesia Congregation and the People's Mission of decided Christians e. V.

Other communities are: the New Apostolic Church , Jehovah's Witnesses and the Christian Community . There are also two mosques , one in the Voith settlement and one in the Weststadt.

Population development

Population development of Heidenheim an der Brenz.svg Population development in Heidenheim an der Brenz - from 1871 onwards
Desc-i.svg
Population development in Heidenheim an der Brenz. Above from 1600 to 2016. Below a section from 1871

The population figures according to the respective territorial status are estimates, census results (¹) or official updates from the State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg ( main residences only ).

year Residents
1600 about 800
1700 1,055
1764 1,576
1803 1,711
1843 2,941
1861 3,762
December 1, 1871 5,167
December 1, 1880¹ 6.229
December 1, 1890¹ 8.001
December 1, 1900 ¹ 10,510
December 1, 1910¹ 17,780
year Residents
June 16, 1925 ¹ 19,363
June 16, 1933 ¹ 21,903
May 17, 1939 ¹ 27,178
1946 34,694
September 13, 1950 ¹ 40,142
June 6, 1961 ¹ 48,792
May 27, 1970 ¹ 50,292
December 31, 1975 49,943
December 31, 1980 48,585
May 25, 1987 ¹ 47,753
December 31, 1990 50,532
year Residents
December 31, 1995 52,527
December 31, 2000 51.181
December 31, 2005 49,626
December 31, 2010 48.164
May 9, 2011 ¹ 46,085
December 31, 2015 48,048
December 31, 2016 48,709
December 31, 2017 49.297
December 31, 2018 49,526

¹ census result

Incorporations

The following communities were incorporated into Heidenheim an der Brenz:

Coats of arms of the incorporated communities
Coat of arms Schnaitheim.png
Schnaitheim
 Coat of arms Mergelstetten.png
Mergelstetten
 Coat of arms Oggenhausen.png
Oggenhausen
 Coat of arms Grosskuchen.png
Big cake

politics

Municipal council

Heidenheim town hall

In Heidenheim, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection process . The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipality council in Heidenheim has 33 members after the last election (previously 34). The municipal election of Baden-Württemberg in 2019 led to the following official final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

Allocation of seats from 2019 in the Heidenheim municipal council
1
2
7th
8th
7th
7th
1
1 2 7th 8th 7th 7th 1 
A total of 33 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2019 		Seats
2019 		%
2014 		Seats
2014
Local elections 2019
 %
30th
20th
10
0
23.60%
22.74%
21.23%
20.09%
5.84%
2.29%
3.1%
1.1%
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
+ 2.66  % p.p.
-7.41  % p
+ 3.14  % p.p.
-1.44  % p
-0.39  % p
-0.77  % p
+ 3.1  % p.p.
+1.1  % p
CDU CDU 22.74 7th 30.15 11
SPD SPD 20.09 7th 21.53 7th
GREEN GREEN 23.60 8th 20.94 7th
FW Free voters 21.23 7th 18.09 6th
LEFT The left 5.84 2 6.23 2
DKP German Communist Party 2.29 1 3.06 1
FDP Free Democratic Party 3.10 1 - -
AfD Alternative for Germany 1.10 0 - -
total 100 33 100 34
voter turnout 46.76% 38.41%

In the current electoral period, the SPD with Die Linke and the CDU with the FDP each formed a parliamentary group in the Heidenheim municipal council. This results in the distribution of seats shown in the diagram.

mayor

At the head of the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz was the ducal Vogt as chairman of the court in Württemberg . Later a senior bailiff, then a senior bailiff or mayor as the duke's representative, headed the court. From 1802 there were two mayors and twelve assessors. In 1819 a city school headed the city. A local council had been at his side since 1822. The mayor has been the mayor of the city since 1907 . This is now directly elected by the electorate for eight years. He is chairman of the municipal council. His general deputy is the 1st alderman with the official title of mayor.

Lord Mayor Ilg giving a speech on Rathausplatz in September 2005

City leaders in Heidenheim an der Brenz since 1819:

  • 1819–1833: Georg Jakob Heinrich Mack
  • 1833–1859: Gottfried Völter
  • 1859–1866: Friedrich Winter
  • 1866–1867: Friedrich Wehrle
  • 1867–1877: Carl Greiner
  • 1877: Carl Bunz, official administrator
  • 1877–1878: Louis Junginger
  • 1878–1902: Christian Friedrich Schlagentweith
  • 1902–1903: Wilhelm Lösch
  • 1903–1935: Eugen Jaekle
  • 1935: Gustav Müller

badges and flags

Blazon : "In gold, a bearded heather head with a red robe, blue collar and red heather hat with a blue brim."

The earliest known town seal shows the " talking " Heidenkopf and - in the legend - the " minor number " 86. The latter must be related to the year 1486, since the imprint in question dates from 1538, but mainly due to stylistic criteria. Strangely enough, younger seals with Renaissance decor bear the year 1356. Colored images that differ from the coats of arms of the Bavarian market in Heidenheim near Gunzenhausen (1556) have been documented since the end of the 16th century. According to the mayor's office, the flag was used a long time before the introduction of the German municipal code on April 1, 1935.

Flag: red-blue

Town twinning

City friendships:

  • Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Qianjiang (People's Republic of China), since 1994

Sponsorships:

Economy and Infrastructure

Traditionally, Heidenheim has a strong industrial character. In 2006, 43.2% of employees subject to social security contributions were employed in the manufacturing industry. The largest regional employer is Voith ( mechanical engineering ) with around 4500 jobs. Other industries include bandages ( Hartmann Group ), packaging ( Carl Edelmann ), electronics ( Osram , Epcos ), Schwenk Zement and a number of medium-sized companies. The Carl Zeiss Foundation and the IHK Ostwuerttemberg also have their headquarters here.

traffic

Regional express at Heidenheim train station

The city lies on the Brenzbahn Aalen- Heidenheim- Ulm and belongs to the Heidenheim tariff association. In the urban area several bus lines provide the HVG public transport ( public transport ).

The nearby A 7 with its own exit as well as the B 19 and B 466 leading through Heidenheim provide a good connection to the German trunk road network.

Aalen-Heidenheim airfield is located around 20 kilometers northeast of Heidenheim . It is not served in scheduled services.

The Hohenlohe-Ostalb-Weg leads as a long-distance cycle path from Rothenburg ob der Tauber over the Ostalb to Ulm on the Danube.

Public facilities

Heidenheim an der Brenz has a district court that belongs to the district of Ellwangen and the higher regional court of Stuttgart , as well as a tax office and a notary's office . The city is also the seat of the Heidenheim district office.

The city is the seat of a dean in the Evangelical Church District Heidenheim, which is assigned to the Evangelical Church in Württemberg within the Ulm Prelature . The Catholic deanery Heidenheim of the diocese Rottenburg-Stuttgart is also located in the city.

Between February 1967 and August 2012, the state of Baden-Württemberg operated the Heidenheim correctional facility on Helmut-Bornefeld-Strasse in the city center . The building complex was demolished in the first half of 2014. The new Heidenheim City Library building was built on the site by 2017 .

media

The Heidenheimer Zeitung and the Heidenheimer Neue Presse appear as daily newspapers in Heidenheim . The weekly newspaper Neue Woche appears on Wednesday. The publisher of the Heidenheimer daily newspapers also publishes the youth magazine Noise monthly and the quarterly Daheim magazine . In addition, the WochenZeitung aktuell Heidenheim appears as an independent advertising paper every Wednesday.

At Hellenstein Castle , the SWR operates a transmission system for four of its VHF radio programs and the television program Das Erste . From the radio tower at Schmittenberg ( 48 ° 41 '1 "  N , 10 ° 9' 39"  O ), the radio programs Radio Ton (104.2 MHz), Germany Kultur (100.8 MHz) and Germany radio (94.0 MHz) radiated .

education

Schiller-Gymnasium in Heidenheimer Oststadt
Max-Planck-Gymnasium on the Galgenberg

In Heidenheim there is the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University Heidenheim , five general high schools ( Hellenstein , Max Planck , Schiller , Werkgymnasium and the Heidenheim Free Waldorf School ), three secondary schools (Adalbert Stifter and Eugen Gaus secondary schools and the State-recognized secondary school of the Free Evangelical School (FES), three vocational high schools (technical, nutritional, social and business high schools ), two special schools (Christophorusschule, Ostschule), two elementary and industrial schools (Hirscheckschule Schnaitheim and Westschule), a community school (Friedrich- Voith School) as well as six independent elementary schools (mountain school, Großkuchen elementary school, Oggenhausen elementary school, Reutenen elementary school, Schnaitheim elementary school and Rauhbuchschule) and one elementary and special school (Silcherschule Heidenheim).

The district of Heidenheim is responsible for the vocational schools (Technical School - Heid Tech, Commercial School and Maria-von-Linden-School - Home Economics School) and the Arthur-Hartmann-School for the speech-impaired with a school kindergarten.

The private schools Abendrealschule Heidenheim e. V., Free Evangelical School Heidenheim e. V. (day care center, elementary school, secondary school and grammar school), Freie Waldorfschule Heidenheim, Karl-Döttinger-Schule (special school, special vocational and vocational school), Königin-Olga-Schule (home special school with school kindergarten for blind and visually impaired children and young people with several disabilities of the Nikolauspflege Stuttgart), Private Vocational School Dr. Engel, the school kindergarten for the mentally handicapped by Lebenshilfe and the inclusive day care center Villa Kunterbunt for children with and without disabilities of the Konrad-Biesalski-Schule (operated by the Reha-Südwest Ostwürttemberg-Hohenlohe gGmbH) round off the school offer in Heidenheim.

Sports

Heidenheimer Voith Arena

The city's largest football club, 1. FC Heidenheim , has played in the 2nd Bundesliga since the 2014/2015 season . His home stadium is the former Albstadion on the Schlossberg, today's Voith-Arena . The stadium is 555  m above sea level. NHN the highest stadium in German professional football. It holds 15,000 spectators. On September 17, 2014, the first international match between the German women's national soccer team and Ireland took place in Heidenheim.

The largest sports club in Heidenheim is the Heidenheimer SB . He offers numerous sports. There is also a tennis club , the TC Heidenheim. The sports club Mergelstetten became internationally known by winning several world championship titles in art cycling .

Heidenheim has a fencing tradition, the athletes are successful in national and international competitions: a silver medal at the Olympic Games, eight world championships, seven European championships and 146 German championships.

Another sporting highlight is the Heidenheim Sparkasse City Run, which has been held annually since 2003. It is divided into a half marathon and a ten-kilometer run. There are also skate runs over 10 and 21.1 kilometers.

The city's baseball club , Heidenheim Heideköpfe , became German baseball champions in 2009, 2015, 2017 and 2019 . The venue for the Heideköpfe, the New Heideköpfe Ballpark, was one of three venues for the 2010 European Baseball Championship in summer 2010 .

In 2007 the DFB Futsal Cup took place in Heidenheim .

The municipality of Heidenheim operates two leisure pools , the HellensteinBad aquarena on the Galgenberg and the outdoor forest pool on the western edge of the village .

In 2014 the German lifeguard championships took place in the HellensteinBad aquarena.

Since 2012, the ADAC Rallye Baden-Württemberg with its special stages has been taking place in and around Heidenheim every year at the beginning of October.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Hellenstein Castle
Hellenstein Castle
The button washer

The most important building and landmark of the city is the Hellenstein Castle , from which one has a wide view of Heidenheim and its surroundings. The associated castle park is also worth seeing. In the immediate vicinity is the nature theater , half of which is built into a forest clearing, and the nature park / wildlife park “Eichert”.

In the city center are the Protestant Michaelskirche (old parish church of the city), the Elmar-Doch-Haus with the Knöpfleswäscherin fountain, the Lower Gate, the Villa Waldenmaier, the Türmle Citizens ' Tower , the weavers' settlement, the Heidenschmiede, the Old Eichamt and the old Peterskirche (today cemetery church). The concert hall , built in Art Nouveau style in 1913/14 , forms the southern end of the city center.

Other Protestant churches in the city center include the Evangelical Paulus Church (built 1895–1898, today's main and deanery church), the Christ Church (1956/57), the Forest Church (1972) and the St. John and Reconciliation Church. The Catholic parish church of St. Maria was built in 1882/83. 1961 followed the construction of the Catholic Trinity Church.

There are the following churches in the districts:

  • Mergelstetten: Evangelical Church , 1843 by Carl Alexander Heideloff ; Catholic Christ the King Church from 1957
  • Schnaitheim: Protestant church from the 17th century; Catholic Church of St. Boniface from 1951
  • Oggenhausen: Evangelical Church from 1732
  • Large cake: Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul; Built in 1736 on the foundations of an older church
  • Small cake: St. Ulrich Catholic Church, rebuilt in 1517 and 1746

The large turbine hall of the mechanical engineering company Voith from 1924 is an important industrial monument .

The congress center, built in 2009, is located on the Schlossberg, just a few meters from Hellenstein Castle .

Museums

  • The Hellenstein Castle is home to the Museum for Carriages , Chairs and Carts , a branch of the Württemberg State Museum .
  • The Hellenstein Castle Museum in Hellenstein Castle shows exhibits from the city's historical museums.
  • In the Museum im Römerbad findings are exhibited from Roman times.
  • The art museum in a former public indoor swimming pool in Art Nouveau organizes changing exhibitions and shows the world's largest and most comprehensive collection of Picasso posters as a permanent exhibition .
  • The "hands-on museum" world of the senses in the old forest office
  • Gallery of the art association in the citizen tower "Türmle"

Memorials

  • In the “Zanger Berg” residential area there is a controversial monument to Erwin Rommel, who was born in Heidenheim and who was appointed General Field Marshal during the Nazi era . It was inaugurated in 1961. In 2011 an additional explanatory plaque was attached to the monument.
  • Since 1971 the Georg-Elser-Anlage in the Schnaitheim district has been commemorating the Hitler assassin Georg Elser with a memorial stone and a plaque with a portrait and life dates , who came from the labor movement and wanted to prevent the foreseen war with the killing of Hitler as a lone fighter .
  • Since 1985, a memorial plaque between the bus station and the town hall steps has been commemorating 15 named victims of the Nazi tyranny.
  • In 2006, 2009 and 2013 the Berlin artist Gunter Demnig laid several stumbling blocks in the city area, which are intended to commemorate the fate of Heidenheim citizens who became victims of the National Socialist regime . The cube-shaped concrete blocks with an inscribed brass plate are part of the largest decentralized memorial in the world. They are set flush with the sidewalk in front of the last freely chosen houses of the Nazi victims.

Cultural landscape

The Heidenheimer Kohlplatten are located near Heidenheim , where charcoal has been produced since 1833. These Köhler plates are located on the Härtsfeld, district of Großkuchen-Rotensohl. A cabbage plate is a round earth plate, slightly raised in the middle, on which a coal pile is built. There are several abandoned charcoal and cabbage platters on the Härtsfeld and on the Albuch. A parking lot on the A 7 motorway is called Heidenheimer Kohlplatten . As an indication of the still active charcoal burning near Rotensohl, there is a triangular warning sign between the connection points Heidenheim and Aalen / Oberkochen with the inscription "Achtung Rauch".

Observatory

The Willi-Hüll observatory is located at an altitude of approx. 540 m in Heidenheim-Mergelstetten on the Erbisberg . It is a public observatory operated by the Heidenheim Astronomy Association. It was inaugurated on September 30, 2006, is the only observatory in the Heidenheim district and can be used by students and amateur astronomers . A solar telescope has also been located there since April 2008 . Guided tours and astronomical lectures take place in the observatory.

Regular events

The Heidenheim Opera Festival takes place annually in Hellenstein Castle. They emerged from the earlier castle serenades. There are also annual open-air plays in the Heidenheim nature theater. The Sassetheater in Heidenheim-Schnaitheim is a permanent establishment.

The Heidenheim Shepherd Run took place every two years (the last time in June 2008) . It was donated in 1723 by Duke Eberhard Ludwig of Württemberg. It was the annual meeting of the shepherds from Heidenheim and the surrounding area. There was a festival with a festival and a coronation of a shepherd king couple. The Schäferlauf was held until 1828, followed by a break until 1922. Then it was held five times until 1952, and since 1972 it has again been part of the city's regular cultural program. In addition, the "Kontakta" takes place every three years. This consumer fair is mainly attended by exhibitors such as craftsmen , service providers etc. from the region.

Sporting highlights are the Heidenheim Fencing Days at the end of March with the award of the Heidenheim Cup (considered the toughest individual epee tournament in the world) and the Coupe d'Europe (top team tournament), the International Heidenheim Swimming Festival, which has been held annually in spring since 1992 the Aquarena and the Heidenheim city run , which always takes place on the first Sunday in June each year.

In addition, the Heidenheim Music Night has been held annually (in May or June) since 1996. Up to 30 bands and groups play in the bars and restaurants of the city center. This concept comes from Heidenheim and was a model for other cities that also host music nights every year. In 1996 the first music night in Germany took place in Heidenheim.

There is also the Heidenheim Museum Night regularly , most recently in 2007, 2009 and 2012. During the Museum Night, all museums in the Heidenheim city area are open on a Saturday in autumn (usually in October) from 6 p.m. until late at night and have a general validity To enter the entrance ticket or a ribbon . Visitors can commute free of charge between the museums in the city center and the museums at Schloss Hellenstein with two historic buses. In the museums themselves, guided tours, but also special activities such as concerts, film screenings, readings, etc. are offered.

The Heidenheim Sculptor Symposium took place every three years , at which sculptors in Heidenheim's companies created works of art from the materials used in the respective company. The last such symposium took place in July 2013 and was sponsored by the sculpture symposium Heidenheim e. V. organizes.

State horticultural show

From May 12 to October 3, 2006, the Baden-Württemberg State Horticultural Show took place in Heidenheim . The area of ​​the garden show, the Brenzpark , was reopened to the public in April 2007 after renovation work. Many attractions have been preserved, and it is planned to be open all year round. A small entry fee is charged.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The city of Heidenheim an der Brenz has granted the following people honorary citizenship:

sons and daughters of the town

Arthur Hartmann
Erwin Rommel, 1942
Walter Kasper
Gerhard Thiele

Personalities who have worked in the city

Georg Elser memorial stone in the Schnaitheim district
  • Friedrich Christoph Oetinger (born May 2, 1702 in Göppingen; † February 10, 1782 in Murrhardt), theologian, theosophist and pietist, worked in Heidenheim in the Protestant parish of Schnaitheim from 1743 to 1746.
  • Johann Gottlieb Meebold (born August 28, 1796 in Sulz am Neckar; † September 21, 1871 in Heidenheim), in Heidenheim since 1822, co-founder of Württembergische Cattunmanufactur in 1828, pioneer of industrial textile production in Germany.
  • Eugen Gaus (born April 28, 1850 in Fridingen an der Donau, † April 30, 1934 in Heidenheim) was a local teacher and honorary citizen of the city of Heidenheim.
  • Georg Elser (born January 4, 1903 in Hermaringen; † April 9, 1945, murdered in Dachau), lived and worked for several years in Heidenheim, and in 1939 carried out the failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler in Munich's Bürgerbräukeller.
  • Helmut Bornefeld (born December 14, 1906 in Stuttgart-Untertürkheim; † February 11, 1990 in Heidenheim an der Brenz) was a church musician, composer, organ expert, graphic artist and author.
  • Hans Walter (born February 23, 1915 in Sackelhausen / Banat (Sacalaz / Romania); † June 30, 1991 in Heidenheim), musicologist, folk song collector and choir director, moved from Dornbirn to Heidenheim in 1956 , teaching at the Max Planck Gymnasium .
  • Franklin Pühn (born May 20, 1925 in Erfurt), sculptor, has lived in Heidenheim since 1954, has been chairman of the local art association for many years
  • Walter L. Werner (born January 19, 1933; † April 9, 2020 in Aalen), IHK chief executive, economic functionary
  • Michael Rogowski (born March 13, 1939 in Stuttgart), BDI President from 2001 to 2004
  • Walter Mixa (born April 25, 1941 in Königshütte, Upper Silesia), emeritus bishop of Augsburg and emeritus German Catholic military bishop , attended the natural science high school in Heidenheim.
  • Friedrich Fröschle (* 1944 in Stuttgart), cantor at the Pauluskirche until 1982, most recently church music director at Ulm Minster until 2009 .
  • Walter G. Grupp (* 1952 in Leutkirch), lawyer, general secretary of the European SME Association CEA-PME and holder of the Federal Cross of Merit
  • Sven van Meegen (born October 14, 1976 in Schwäbisch Hall), professor at the local university and dean of the Catholic deanery
  • Nina-Friederike Gnädig (born December 9, 1977 in Nuremberg), actress, grew up in the Oggenhausen district.

literature

  • Erich Keyser (Ed.): Württembergisches Städtebuch . Volume IV, sub-volume Baden-Württemberg, volume 2 from the German city book . Handbook of urban history - on behalf of the working group of historical commissions and with the support of the German Association of Cities, the German Association of Cities and the German Association of Municipalities. Stuttgart 1961.
  • About Aquileia, the Roman Heidenheim:
    • G. Balle: News about the equestrian fort Heidenheim. Archaeological excavations in Baden-Württemberg in 2000 . Pp. 90-94.
    • Reinhard Sölch: The topography of the Roman Heidenheim . In: Research and Reports Prehistory and Early History of Baden-Württemberg (Volume 76). Theiss, Stuttgart 2001. ISBN 3-8062-1566-9 .
  • About Heidenheim during National Socialism:
    • Wolfgang Proske (ed.): Perpetrators helper free riders. Nazi victims from the Eastern Alb. Klemm + Oelschläger, Münster, Kugelberg-Verlag, Gerstetten 2010, ISBN 978-3-86281-008-6 .
  • Gerhard Schweier: Well-known Heidenheimers . Volume 1, 88 personalities. Heidenheim 1968.
  • A. Hoffmann: The early days of cinematography in Heidenheim: A medium is establishing itself . Heidenheim 2003.
  • Bodo Cichy: In the barracks of the equestrian fort Aquileia-Heidenheim. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 1st year 1972, issue 1, pp. 33–38. ( PDF; 9.6 MB )

Web links

Commons : Heidenheim an der Brenz  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Heidenheim an der Brenz  - travel guide
Wikisource: Heidenheim in the description of the Oberamt Heidenheim from 1844  - sources and full texts
Wikisource: Heidenheim in the Topographia Sueviae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Main statute of the city of Heidenheim an der Brenz from October 11th / 10th. December 1956, last changed on March 31, 2011 (PDF; 132 kB). On: heidenheim.de.
  3. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 , pp. 579-632.
  4. ↑ Climate: Heidenheim - climate diagram, temperature diagram, climate table. In: de.climate-data.org. Retrieved December 13, 2015 .
  5. ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Heidenheim an der Brenz.
  6. ↑ The history of the water supply of the city of Heidenheim , opencoaching.de.
  7. ↑ Hartmut Hegeler: Victims of the witch hunt in the rule Heidenheim. HH, 2020, accessed in 2020 .
  8. ^ Jutta Mühlenberg: The SS helper corps. Training, deployment and denazification of the female members of the Waffen-SS 1942–1949 , Hamburg 2011, p. 264.
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 449 .
  10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 470 .
  11. ↑ Result of the municipal council election on May 26, 2019. Accessed on June 14, 2019 .
  12. ↑ District and community arms in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 1, page 75; Publisher: Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0801-8 .
  13. ↑ Voith is reducing further jobs , Südwest Presse, June 29, 2013, accessed on July 10, 2013.
  14. ↑ From prison to library , Heidenheimer Zeitung, October 21, 2014, accessed on October 27, 2015.
  15. ↑ Personnel concept for the new Heidenheim City Library , citizen information portal of the Heidenheim city ​​administration, accessed on October 28, 2015.
  16. ↑ The Voith-Arena Heidenheim ( memento from July 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 8, 2015.
  17. ↑ 1. FC Heidenheim 1846 e. V. - Voith Arena. Retrieved July 20, 2020 .
  18. ↑ DLRG-Jugend, DM 2014: Announcement 42nd German Championships 2014 , accessed on July 19, 2015.
  19. ↑ Baden-Württemberg Rally. In: rallye-baden-wuerttemberg.com. Retrieved May 31, 2016 .
  20. ↑ City tour , City of Heidenheim.
  21. ↑ Schloss Hellenstein , heidenheim.de, accessed on April 23, 2015.
  22. ^ Officer with body and leather jacket , Süddeutsche Zeitung, December 19, 2008, accessed on July 11, 2011.
  23. ^ Brenzpark reopens , Gmünder Tagespost of April 26, 2007.
  24. ^ MTV Stuttgart 1843 , website of the Blind Soccer League, accessed on June 17, 2013.
  25. ↑ CDU Heidenheim honors Walter Grupp for 30 years of membership , June 6, 2017, accessed on December 16, 2019.
  26. ↑ Heidenheimer Neue Presse, January 31, 2008, page 19. "Walter Grupp donates for the blind"