Aigle VD

VD is the abbreviation for the canton of Vaud in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Aigle .

Aigle
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Vaud (VD)
District :	Aigle
BFS no. :	5401
Postal code :	1860
UN / LOCODE :	CH AIG
Coordinates :	563688  /  129645 coordinates: 46 ° 19 '2 "  N , 6 ° 58' 2"  O ; CH1903:  563688  /  129645
Height :	415  m above sea level M.
Height range :	380-1051 m above sea level M.
Area :	16.41  km²
Residents:	10,119 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	617 inhabitants per km²
Unemployment rate :	6.5% (May 31, 2,015)
Website:	www.aigle.ch
View of Aigle with the castle
Location of the municipality

Aigle ( French [ ɛːgl ] , in the native Franco-Provencal dialect [ ˈaːðɔ ]) is a political municipality in the canton of Vaud , Switzerland , and the capital of the district of Aigle of the same name . The former German name Älen is no longer used today. The inhabitants are called Les Aiglons in French . The eagles in the municipal coat of arms are based on the homonymy of the place name to French aigle <eagle>.

geography

Aigle lies at 415  m above sea level. M. , 13 km south-southeast of the city of Montreux (linear distance). The village extends on the eastern edge of the lower Rhone Valley , on the alluvial cone that the Grande Eau has accumulated over time when it exited the Rhone Valley, in the Vaudois Alps .

The area of ​​the 16.4 km² municipal area includes a section of the lower Rhone Valley and the adjacent Alps. The canalised course of the Rhone forms the western border . From here, the municipality extends eastward over the up to 3 km wide flat valley floor and the alluvial cone of the Grande Eau to its deeply cut valley between the heights of Leysin in the north and the Chamossaire in the south. However, only the densely wooded ( Bois de la Chenau ) and partly cliff-crossed lower valley flanks belong to Aigle, while the upper valley slopes are assigned to the neighboring communities. The highest point of the community is 1060  m above sea level. M. on the slope below Leysin near Vuargny . In 1997, 24% of the municipal area was in settlements, 38% in forests and woodlands, 35% in agriculture and just over 3% was unproductive land.

Aigle includes extensive industrial and commercial zones in the Rhone Valley, the hamlet of Le Cloître ( 422  m above sea level ) on the south-eastern outskirts, Vers Pousaz ( 413  m above sea level ) on the right of the Grande Eau at the foot of the vineyard and Fontanney ( 540  m above sea level ) above sea level ) at the entrance to the valley of the Grande Eau as well as some individual farms. Aigle's neighboring municipalities are Yvorne , Leysin , Ormont-Dessous and Ollon in the canton of Vaud and Vouvry and Collombey-Muraz in the canton of Valais .

Climate table

Aigle, 1981-2010
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     69   4th -2     64   6th -1     71   11 2     70   14th 4th     90   19th 9     106   22nd 12     110   25th 14th     106   24 13     88   20th 10     83   15th 6th     75   9 2     79   5 -1 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source:

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Aigle, 1981–2010 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 4.4 5.9 10.5 14.4 18.8 22.2 24.7 24.0 19.7 15.1 8.9 5.3 O 14.5 Min. Temperature (° C) −2.2 −1.4 1.7 4.4 8.9 11.9 13.7 13.4 10.0 6.3 1.6 −1.0 O 5.6 Temperature (° C) 0.8 1.9 5.8 9.4 13.8 17.0 19.1 18.4 14.6 10.4 5.0 1.9 O 9.9 Precipitation ( mm ) 69 64 71 70 90 106 110 106 88 83 75 79 Σ 1.011 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 2.9 3.6 4.9 5.3 5.5 6.5 7.2 6.5 5.8 4.5 2.9 2.5 O 4.8 Rainy days ( d ) 9.5 7.8 9.5 9.1 11.8 11.2 10.7 10.4 9.0 9.9 9.4 9.5 Σ 117.8 Humidity ( % ) 82 79 74 71 74 73 73 76 81 83 83 83 O 77.7 Source:

population

With 10,119 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Aigle is one of the larger municipalities in the canton of Vaud. Of the residents, 80.0% speak French, 3.5% speak Portuguese and 3.5% speak Albanian (as of 2000). The population of Aigle was 2,296 in 1850, and 3,897 in 1900. Thereafter, the population increased only very slowly until 1960 (4,381 inhabitants). The population has grown rapidly since then, particularly during the 1960s and 1980s. New residential areas have emerged in the last few decades, mainly west of the railway line.

economy

Aigle was a small town characterized by agriculture until the 19th century. The economic boom began in the 18th century thanks to the exploitation of the salt deposits; a salt water pipe was built and graduation houses were built. In 1798, however, the salt works were relocated to Bex . The 19th century was marked by a further upswing due to the large forests in the surrounding valleys. Aigle developed into a wood processing center. Companies from other industries also settled there, for example a brewery, the Zyma pharmaceutical factory, a parquet factory, several wine shops and graphic companies.

Today Aigle offers around 4,000 jobs. With 7% of the workforce still employed in the primary sector, agriculture still has a certain place in the employment structure of the population. Around 23% of the workforce is employed in the industrial sector, while the service sector accounts for 70% of the workforce (as of 2001).

In agriculture, viticulture plays an important role on the slopes east of the town, in the area of ​​the castle and south of the Plantour hill ( 658  m above sea level ). In the Rhône plain, which is also climatically favored, arable farming and vegetable growing predominate, while the forests in the valley of the Grande Eau are partly used for forestry .

In the course of the 20th century, an industrial and commercial zone (Les Iles) with tank farms, metal processing companies ( Zwahlen et Mayr SA), the pharmaceutical industry and companies in the construction and transport sector was created in the Rhône plain between the river and the eastern side canal . Aigle is also the headquarters of Reitzel (Suisse) SA (a vinegar factory founded in 1909) and the Badoux wine trading company and the location of numerous smaller companies, including the printing and publishing industry.

As an important regional center, Aigle has numerous jobs in municipal and district administration and in the catering industry. It has a district court, a regional hospital and a federal armory. In the 1950s, the construction of a tank gun yard was planned in the Rhône plain, but the plans were abandoned after a cantonal vote in 1956. The world cycling association UCI is also based in Aigle; In 2002 the cycling hall was opened. Aigle's twin town in Germany is Tübingen .

traffic

Aigle station with trains of the AOMC, ASD and AL (from left to right)

The community is very well developed in terms of transport. It is located on the main road 9 , which leads from Lausanne via Sion to the Simplon Pass . From this road branches off at Aigle, the main road 11 over the Col des Mosses into the Pays d'Enhaut . The next motorway junction to the A9 (Lausanne – Sion), which opened in 1970 and crosses the municipality, is around 3 km from the town center.

On June 10, 1857, the Aigle station on the Villeneuve - Bex section of the railway line from Lausanne to Sion was inaugurated. Three private railways, which have now been merged into Transports Publics du Chablais (TPC), have their starting point in Aigle. These are the Aigle – Leysin Railway (AL), opened on November 6, 1900, the Aigle – Ollon – Monthey – Champéry Railway (AOMC), since April 2, 1907, and the Aigle – Sépey – Diablerets Railway ( ASD), since December 22, 1913.

Bus routes from Aigle to Corbeyrier , Villars-sur-Ollon , Torgon and Saint-Gingolph provide for the fine distribution of public transport .

history

Aigle Castle

Historic aerial photo by Werner Friedli from 1968

The municipality of Aigle was settled very early. The earliest traces of the presence of humans come from the late Bronze Age , to which several graves and ceramic finds are dated. In Roman times , the important military road led from the Great Saint Bernard via Viviscus (Vevey) to Aventicum (Avenches) through the area. Remains of a villa, an aqueduct and another building with mosaics date from this period. An early medieval burial ground was also discovered.

The later Emperor Heinrich IV transferred the area around Aigle to the sovereignty of the House of Savoy in 1076. The first written mention of the place comes from the second half of the 12th century (1152/53 de Aleo ; 1177 de Ali ; 1179 de Alio ); the place name probably goes back to the (pre-) Old High German personal name Agil , which, as in many other cases, was used unchanged to denote the settlement. Since the late 11th century, there is evidence of a noble family d'Aigle who built a castle here. Their ownership went to the Lords of Saillon in the 13th century. The Canons of the Great St. Bernard and the Abbey of Saint-Maurice also owned land in Aigle. The latter had a priory built around which the district of Le Cloître arose.

In 1231, Aigle received market rights under Count Thomas I of Savoy and was raised to the status of town in 1314 with a letter of freedom from Amadeus V of Savoy. Due to its location on the trade route to Valais and over the Great Saint Bernard to Italy, Aigle developed into an important trading town. Since the Middle Ages, the community has formed a so-called large parish with Leysin (until 1702) and Corbeyrier and Yvorne (until 1831). Since the 14th century, Aigle had a castle rights contract with Sembrancher in Valais, which required mutual aid in the event of acts of war and natural disasters (for example the flood of the Grande Eau in Aigle in 1740 and the flood after an ice fall of the Giétrogletscher in Sembrancher).

Parish Church of Saint-Maurice

After an Italian mercenary army had marched through the Rhone Valley in support of Charles the Bold in 1475 , Bern took this approach as an opportunity to conquer Aigle together with the Mandements Ollon, Bex and Les Ormonts. The castle of the Lords of Saillon was burned down and Bern had taken control of the lower Rhone Valley. Aigle was the first French subject to come to Bern and became the seat of the Aigle governorate , which, with the exception of Villeneuve, comprised all the municipalities of today's Aigle district. From 1476 to 1483, Freiburg also had rights over Aigle. In 1528 the Reformation was introduced into the community under Guillaume Farel .

After the collapse of the ancien régime , Aigle belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic , which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 it became the capital of the Aigle district. Since the Bailiwick of Aigle, in contrast to the other Bailiwicks of the Vaud region, had the status of a German-Berne bailiwick, Bern raised claims to the area at the Congress of Vienna in 1814 .

post Office

The post office in Aigle, built in 1978, is a typical PTT building from the 1970s. Aigle had developed into a regional hub for postal traffic, which made the old post office too small. It was therefore decided to build a new building, which, however, not only met with approval from the population of Aigle, as it was connected with the demolition of the station buffet, which the new post office should initially have taken up.

coat of arms

Description : Two eagles in mixed up colors in a shield divided into black and gold .

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Aigle

The center of the little town, which in the Middle Ages consisted of seven quarters, is the Quartier du Bourg with its picturesque townscape, narrow alleys and closely spaced houses, some of which are connected by arbors. Here is the German Reformed Church of Saint-Jacques, originally built in the Middle Ages, with a tower from 1642. The Catholic Church of Saint-Maurice et Saint-Nicolas-de-Flue dates from 1866.

The parish church of Saint-Maurice is located in the Quartier du Cloître . It has been mentioned since the 12th century and used to belong to the priory that no longer exists today. The original Romanesque building was replaced by a Gothic church at the end of the 14th century , while the front tower was not built until the 17th century.

Château d'Aigle

The most important building in Aigle is Aigle Castle on the eastern edge of Le Cloître . Its origins are not exactly known. The castle was probably built by the lords of Saillon at the beginning of the 13th century. It has a wall with three round towers and a battlement. The oldest part is the square keep, to which several turrets with machicolations were added later. The castle was set on fire by the Bernese in 1475. After reconstruction in 1489, it became the seat of the governor or bailiff. Since 1804 the castle has belonged to the municipality and served as a court of law, prison and partly as a hospital. From 1971 to 1992 it underwent extensive restoration. Today it houses two museums: the Musée de la vigne et du vin and the Musée de l'étiquette. Next to the castle is the large tithe barn (Maison de la dîme), which was built in 1587 on the site of the former castle of the nobles of Aigle.

Quartier du Bourg

World Cycling Center (UCI)

Sports

Aigle is home to the international cycling association Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).

Partnerships

Aigle has partnerships with

• L'Aigle (Orne) in Normandy (France) - 1964
• Bassersdorf in the Canton of Zurich (Switzerland) - 1969
• Tübingen in Baden-Württemberg (Germany) - 1973

Sons and daughters

• Sébastien Buemi (* 1988), racing driver
• Jacques Cornu (* 1953), motorcycle racer
• Samuel Cornut (1861-1918), writer
• Gustave Doret (1866–1943), composer and conductor
• Siem de Jong (* 1989), Dutch football player
• Luuk de Jong (* 1990), Dutch football player
• Patrice Moret (* 1972), jazz musician
• Hans Franz Nägeli (1497–1579), Bernese statesman and general
• Jacques-Michel Pittier (* 1955), writer
• Frédéric Rouge (1867–1950), painter
• Gaël Suter (* 1992), racing cyclist

Web links

Commons : Aigle  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Aelen in the Topographia Helvetiae, Rhaetiae et Valesiae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Official website of the municipality of Aigle
• Jean-Jacques Bouquet: Aigle (parish). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Aigle VD on the ETHorama platform

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Demandeurs d'emploi, chômeurs et taux de chômage par commune. ( XLS , 115 kB) Statistique Vaud, Département des finances et des relations extérieures (Statistics Vaud, Department of Finance and Foreign Affairs), accessed on June 14, 2015 (French). 
3. ↑ ^{a b} Wulf Müller, Aigle VD (Aigle) in: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses - Lexicon of Swiss community names - Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS | LSG) , Center de dialectologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 , p. 79.
4. ↑ Climate table. In: meteoschweiz.admin.ch. meteoschweiz, accessed on August 6, 2018 . 
5. ↑ Post structures - PTT archive. Retrieved September 1, 2019 . 

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