Bruay-la-Buissière

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Bruay-la-Buissière
Bruay-la-Buissière coat of arms
Bruay-la-Buissière (France)
Bruay-la-Buissière
region Hauts-de-France
Department Pas-de-Calais
Arrondissement Bethune
Canton Bruay-la-Buissière (main town)
Community association Béthune-Bruay, Artois-Lys novels
Coordinates 50 ° 29 ′  N , 2 ° 33 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 29 ′  N , 2 ° 33 ′  E
height 30-106 m
surface 16.35 km 2
Residents 21,831 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 1,335 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 62700
INSEE code
Website http://www.bruaylabuissiere.fr

View of the place

Bruay-la-Buissiere is a commune with 21,831 inhabitants (1 January 2017) in the Pas-de-Calais in the region of Hauts-de-France in northern France historic province of Artois . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Béthune , is the administrative seat (Chef-lieu) and the canton of Bruay-la-Buissière , also a member of the Béthune-Bruay municipal association , Artois-Lys Romane . The city was created in 1987 through the merger of Bruay-en-Artois and Labuissière.

geography

Location Bruays in the coal basin in northern France (bassin minier)

Bruay-la-Buissière is located in the west of the northern French coal basin , 5 km south-west of Béthune , around 20 km west of Lens and 33 km north-west of Arras . Neighboring municipalities are (clockwise, starting in the south) Houdain , Divion , Calonne-Ricouart , Marles-les-Mines , Lapugnoy , Labeuvrière , Gosnay , Hesdigneul-lès-Béthune and Haillicourt .

The community area extends over 16.4 km² and reaches a maximum height of 106 m above sea level. The northern district of Labuissière borders on the extensive forest area of ​​the Bois des dames , which has been under protection since 1984 (Forêt de protection) and part of a supra- local green axis in the densely populated area. To the southwest, towards Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise , the landscape changes into an agrarian region. The river Lawe crosses the municipality.

Bruay-la-Buissière is on the Route Nationale N 41, which leads via Béthune to Lille and on the northern edge of Bruays connects to the Autoroute des Anglais (A 26) between Calais and Troyes .

The city does not have its own rail link; the nearest train stations are in Béthune and Auchel .

history

Pit 3 around 1900
Dump in Bruay

Bruay and Labuissière were villages in County Artois since the Middle Ages . The counts in Labuissière had owned a fortified castle (château) since the 14th century .

Colliery colony of the Compagnie des mines de Bruay (in Haillicourt)

The city's more recent history is largely identical to the history of the private Compagnie des mines de Bruay , a joint stock company founded in 1850 , and the exploitation of the coal deposits. The successively laid seven mines there; 1852 was the first shaft to 351 m drilled ; the third (1866) reached a depth of 836 m, the sixth (1909) even 1,076 m. In addition, a coking plant and later a power plant operated with low-quality coal were built in Bruay . From 1861, the company also began building colony of collieries (cités minières) to house the migrating miners; At the end of the 1870s, the mining company employed almost 2,000 workers underground and above ground; in 1918 there were around 20,500. The population of the two places increased tenfold from 1846 to 1886 to a good 7,000 people, and by 1931 it rose to almost 32,000 residents. Especially after the First World War , numerous Poles came  to this region as miners - not infrequently after a stopover in the Ruhr area .

After the Second World War and the liberation of the country from German occupation of coal mining in France and therefore was Compagnie des Mines de Bruay for political and economic reasons in May 1946 ( Bataille du charbon "Battle of the coal", dt.) Nationalized and went into the Houillères Nationales du Bassin Nord-Pas-de-Calais . From the late 1950s, the decline of the coalfields also affected Bruay and Labuissière; the last mine there was shut down in 1982. The population has decreased by a quarter since the 1960s. Nonetheless, structural and usage legacies (heaps, fallow land) shape the cityscape up to the present; In addition, significant parts of the city are at risk of mining damage . According to the importance of mining for the municipality, mallets, recovery iron and miner's lamp are depicted in the city coat of arms.

The socialist Alain Wacheux has been mayor since 1999 ; his father Marcel Wacheux held this position from 1965 to 1987 (in Bruay-en-Artois) and until 1989 (in Bruay-la-Buissière).

Population development

year 1793 1846 1872 1886 1901 1931 1946 1962 1975 1990 2007
Residents 500 694 2316 7031 14740 31831 31705 30902 25714 24927 23804

Source:

economy

The necessary structural change is reflected in the establishment of several institutions that have been settling here since the 1990s, which deal with applied energy, environmental and materials research and the development of low-noise vehicle engines. Another focus is on the field of plastics production. In total, these new companies have created around 3,800 jobs.

Attractions

Remains of the Labuissière castle
Miners' monument near the oldest former shaft
  • Town hall (hôtel de ville) , 47 m high, built in 1927. In the stairwell there is a window with scenes from mine no. 3 and everyday life as a miner. A monument historique since 1997 .
  • Swimming pool from 1936 in Art Deco style together with the surrounding architectural ensemble in the stadium park
  • The Cité des électriciens , where part of the film Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis was filmed
  • The Éco-musée de la mine with its training mine .
  • Church Saint-Martin de Bruay (12th century), bell tower of the 18th century
  • Church Saint-Martin de La Buissière (15th century)
  • Manor house of the Ballencourt family in Labuissière (built in 1777), partially reconstructed, now houses a music school
  • Donjon of the Castle of Labuissière, built in 1310 by order of Countess Mahaut d'Artois
  • La Buissière bicycle stadium (stade vélodrome) , built by the Compagnie des mines de Bruay in 1925 on the company's premises

Town twinning

City partnerships currently exist with the German municipalities Fröndenberg / Ruhr and Schwerte . The latter city has taken over the partnership originally between Labuissière and Westhofen through incorporation . Also with Olkusz in Poland.

Sports

The footballers of the miners' club Union Sportive Ouvrière Bruaysienne qualified fifteen times for the national main round of the French cup competition between the early 1930s and the mid-1960s , and in 1955 they also became French runners-up for amateurs. Currently (2010/11) they only compete in the Promotion d'Honneur Régionale (PHR), a lower-class, regional league. The USO soccer players, however, even won the championship in the second division in 2003; With Candie Herbert , a national player emerged from the department .

Personalities

Supporting documents and comments

  1. ↑ With regard to the company's history, see the well-documented article in the French-language Wikipedia
  2. ^ Marion Fontaine: Le Racing Club de Lens et les "Gueules Noires". Essai d'histoire sociale. Les Indes savantes, Paris 2010, ISBN 978-2-84654-248-7 , p. 105
  3. before 1962 according to Cassini ( archive ), from 1962 according to INSEE ( memento from November 24, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  4. Information according to this article ( Memento from November 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  5. The Mine Museum ( Memento from November 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) on the community website

Web links

Commons : Bruay-la-Buissière  - collection of images, videos and audio files
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