Campagnano di Roma

Campagnano di Roma
Country	Italy
region	Lazio
Metropolitan city	Rome  (RM)
Coordinates	42 ° 8 '  N , 12 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 42 ° 8 '0 "  N , 12 ° 23' 0"  E
height	280  m slm
surface	46 km²
Residents	11,480 (Dec 31, 2019)
Population density	250 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	00063
prefix	06
ISTAT number	058015
Popular name	Campagnanesi
Patron saint	Saint John the Beheaded (the Baptist)
Website	comunecampagnano.it

Campagnano di Roma is an Italian commune in the metropolitan city of Rome in the Lazio region with 11,480 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). It is located 29 kilometers northwest of Rome .

geography

Campagnano on a map from 1547

Campagnano di Roma is located in the volcanic hill country with its deeply cut valleys, east of the Sabatine Mountains and Lake Bracciano . The municipality includes Lake Martignano and part of the Veio Regional Park ; the volcanically created Lago di Baccano in the southwest of Campagnano was drained in the time of Benito Mussolini .

traffic

Campagnano is connected to the trunk road network by Strada Stadale 2 Via Cassia . A local bus connects the community with Cesano train station on the FR3 Rome-Viterbo regional train line . At Campagnano there is a small airfield ( Aviosuperficie La Celsetta ) for general aviation .

history

Campagnano di Roma

The historic center is located on a rock surrounded by watercourses. The graves from archaic times found all around testify that an early settlement belonged to the Faliski-Capenatic culture. After the Roman conquest of Veii in 396 BC. Its surrounding area came into Roman possession. To the south of the present-day location, the remains of a Roman road station were uncovered, which was located twenty miles from the capital on the Via Cassia . The place, known as mansio ad vacanas , was in use from the late 1st to the 5th century and consisted of a thermal bath, shops and a small forum. You can also see a long stretch of the Roman road with its paving. A church was built on the mansio in the 4th century for the bishop Alexander who was supposedly executed there at the time of Emperor Caracalla .

In 911, a battle against invaded Saracens took place at the street station . A little later it was mentioned in the travelogue of Archbishop Sigeric of Canterbury with the name Bacane as the third rest stop before Rome. The remaining settlement had previously become part of the domusculta of Capracoro laid out by Pope Hadrian I (772-795) , a large territory for the agricultural supply of Rome. A place called Campagnano is first mentioned in 1076. To explain this name, the reference to the word campana , i.e. bell, ultimately prevailed, which is reflected in the local coat of arms. In 1480 the Commune of Rome sold the town through its Senate to Gentile Virginio Orsini, eighth Count of Tagliacozzo ; In 1558 he became part of the Duchy of Bracciano . On September 5, 1661, Pope Alexander VII (1655–1667) bought it for a total of 345,000 Scudi, together with other neighboring towns, for his nephew Agostino Chigi from the heavily indebted Duke Flavio Orsini; then this area was raised to the Principality of Campagnano. After the acquisition, the town was expanded to the south as planned. The end of the Papal States in September 1870, the integration Campagnanos into the new Kingdom of Italy .

Population development

year	1871	1881	1901	1921	1936	1951	1971	1991	2001
Residents	1,871	2,030	2,753	3,041	3,247	3,529	4,246	6,874	8,708

Source: ISTAT

Campagnano Town Hall

politics

Francesco Mazzei ( PD ) was elected mayor for the second time in May 2011. His center-left alliance also has the majority in the municipal council with 8 out of 12 seats. Fulvio Fiorelli has been mayor since June 6, 2016.

Attractions

• Porta Romana: Gate system as access to the town center from the time of the Chigi rule.
• Palazzo Venturi: Standing next to the gate, the building houses the city's cultural institutions, including the museum in which the finds from the Roman road station can be seen.
• Town hall: Neo-Gothic building in the Piazza Cesare Leonelli, in whose portico the arch over the corner stands out thanks to decorative elements in Gothic imitation.
• Fontana dei Delfini: Late Renaissance fountain located in front of the town hall with the eponymous dolphins, a bell as an attachment and an honorary inscription for Prince Agostino Chigi from 1753.
• Chiesa del Gonfalone: ​​Narrow building from the 16th century on the same square with a structural contrast between brightly painted surfaces and architectural elements made of tuff and a central bell tower from 1864 in the same style.
• Palazzo Galli: On Via San Giovanni behind the town hall, there is a handsome late Renaissance palace with a four-arched portico closed by a metal grille.
• Fontana Secca: Renaissance fountain in the form of an aedicula with a building inscription and the coat of arms of the Orsini family located on the square of the same name .
• Parish Church of San Giovanni Battista: Next to the fountain, a building from 1515 with a towering bell tower from 1602 and a richly designed Gothic portal. The three-aisled interior with a wooden flat ceiling from 1582 contains frescoes by the brothers Federico and Taddeo Zuccari with scenes from the life of Mary and the life of John the Baptist; a painting of the beheading of the saint is believed to be the work of Giulio Romano .
• Madonna del Sorbo: Rural church far south of Campagnano with a simple facade, left bell tower and adjoining building with portico. In the three-aisled interior with pillars, a fresco in the apse calotte and a high medieval painting of Mary with child can be seen.
• Papal post office on Via Cassia Antica noticeably far to the southwest from the historic center: At the site of a predecessor building attested to in 1463 by Carlo Fontana in 1666 with a portico of ten axes; A Chigi coat of arms is placed above the fifth. Inside there is a chapel, which is identified by a small belfry on the left side of the building and has a fresco with the martyrdom of Bishop Alexander. To the left of the building, a broad well known as a fontanile from 1627 served as a cattle trough. Opposite on the other side of the street is the former granary, the Granai Chigi, with seven axes, over whose central arched portal a Chigi coat of arms also hangs; Another such coat of arms is incorporated into the lunette of the wooden gate. Today there is a hotel in the main building, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is also mentioned as a guest from earlier times . A piece of the original Via Cassia was exposed on the site of the post office .
• Autodromo di Vallelunga: 3.6 km long car and horse racing circuit, opened in 1957 and located north of Campagnano.

literature

• Cristina Carbonetti, Marco Venditelli: Lo statuto del castello di Campagnano del secolo XIII . Rome 2006, ISBN 978-88-492-1094-1
• Anna-Maria Conti: Campagnano di Roma. guida storica del territorio . Rome 1998
• Lanfranco Mazzotti u. a .: La Madonna del Sorbo. arte e storia di un santuario della campagna romana . Rome 2012, ISBN 978-88-492-2335-4
• Alessandro Naso, Matteo Salviati, Eliana Martella: Il patrimonio archeologico di Campagnano, storia, geologia, tradizioni . Rome 1997, ISBN 88-7621-117-9

Web links

Commons : Campagnano di Roma  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Municipality (Italian)
• Campagnano di Roma on comuni-italiani.it (Italian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
2. ^ Italian Ministry of the Interior ( Memento from May 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

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