Federal motorway 100
Bundesautobahn 100 in Germany | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operator: | Federal Republic of Germany | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start of the street: |
Berlin Seestrasse ( 52 ° 32 ′ N , 13 ° 20 ′ E ) |
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End of street: |
Berlin Grenzallee ( 52 ° 28 ′ N , 13 ° 27 ′ E ) |
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Overall length: | 28 km | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
of which in operation: | 20.9 km | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
of which under construction: | 3.1 km | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
of which in planning: | 4 km | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
State : |
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Course of the road
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The Bundesautobahn 100 (abbreviation: BAB 100 ) - short form: Autobahn 100 (abbreviation: A 100 ) - runs in the middle of Berlin and connects the districts of Mitte , Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf , Tempelhof-Schöneberg and Neukölln in a southwest arch . It was originally designed as a ring road , but closure as a ring road is now considered unlikely. According to the current plans, the ring will be supplemented by normal inner-city streets to the northeast of the city center . Nevertheless, the A 100 bears the nickname Berliner Stadtring in addition to the city motorway . To a large extent it follows the route of the Ringbahn , the inner Berlin S-Bahn and railway ring.
Construction phases
The Bundesautobahn 100 was planned as the centerpiece of a West Berlin motorway network, the semicircular structure should be completed in the event of German reunification to a ring route. Later plans after reunification moved away from this plan, as it would have resulted in major urban planning cuts.
Before the introduction of the current numbering system , the route number A 53 was planned for some time ; In 1975 it was given the designation A 10, but this was transferred to the Berliner Ring after reunification . Bundesautobahn 100 was originally called a motorway planned from Gießen to Bremen , also known as the Lahn-Weser motorway.
The motorway was opened to traffic in the following sections:
year | from | to | annotation |
---|---|---|---|
1958 | AS Kurfürstendamm | AS Hohenzollerndamm | |
1960 | AS Hohenzollerndamm | provisional AS Detmolder Straße | |
1961 | AD radio tower | AS Hohenzollerndamm | |
1962 | AD Charlottenburg | AS Kaiserdamm- South | |
1963 | AS Kaiserdamm-Süd | AD radio tower | |
1969 | AS Detmolder Strasse | AS Wexstrasse | |
1973 | AS Seestrasse | AS Jakob-Kaiser-Platz | |
1976 | AK Schöneberg | provisional AS Sachsendamm | |
1978 | AS Wexstrasse | AK Schöneberg | |
1979 | AD Charlottenburg | AS Jakob-Kaiser-Platz | |
1981 | AS Alboinstrasse | AS Gradestrasse | planned as a Kreuz Tempelhof |
1987 | provisional AS Suadicanistrasse | AS Alboinstrasse | |
1996 | provisional AS Sachsendamm | provisional AS Suadicanistraße; | Elimination of both temporary connection points |
2000 | AS Gradestrasse | AS Buschkrugallee | 14th section of the tunnel in the Britz district |
2004 | AS Buschkrugallee | AS Grenzallee |
Following the Neukölln motorway triangle, the following sections are planned as the A 100:
- AS Grenzallee - AS Am Treptower Park (16th construction phase, until 2022)
- AS Am Treptower Park - AS Storkower Straße (17th construction phase, 2020 at the earliest)
Any further possible closure of the motorway ring road was deleted from the land use plan.
First structures
Construction of the later motorway started in April 1956, when the groundbreaking ceremony for the expressway between Kurfürstendamm and Hohenzollerndamm took place. The alignment of a ring road parallel to the ring railway was already provided for in the Hobrecht plan of 1862 and in 1948 an expressway was recorded in the urban planning corridor. With the Senate resolution of July 4, 1955, a complete ring road was then decided - it was not designated as a motorway until 1962. The planning as an urban expressway initially made the lanes narrower - 27 meters in cross-section with 3.50 meters wide lanes - and the connections denser than usual for a motorway. Today, a complex cluster of bridges, tunnels and exits are clustered around the radio tower triangle over a few hundred meters, including the 212-meter-long tunnel under Rathenauplatz , which was opened in November 1958. There the route also crosses under the railway lines at Westkreuz and has a connection to the AVUS , which has existed since 1921, and thus to the A 115 in the radio tower triangle .
The Rudolf-Wissell-Bridge was built between 1959 and 1962. It spans over 930 meters in an arc over the tracks of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway and the Berlin-Lehrter Railway as well as the Charlottenburg Spree . It is the longest bridge in Berlin. Some exits or driveways of the Charlottenburg motorway triangle are on the bridge itself, the Siemensdamm exit on one of the connecting curves is on the left. The gap between the Charlottenburg-Nord triangle and the AVUS and Halensee was closed on December 20, 1963 with the connection to the radio tower triangle. The route to the Hohenzollerndamm junction in Halensee was linked to the triangle that was being created in 1961.
Expansion to a half ring
The further expansion then follows the zoning plan of 1965, which provided for a western bypass through the city. The southern part was extended to the Schöneberg motorway junction - the intersection with the A 103 section of the western bypass. In the northern part, the city ring was extended to the Seestrasse junction - directly in front of the planned intersection with section A 105 of the western bypass, which, however, never reached this point itself.
The half-ring, which was created until 1979, with a western bypass through the Tiergarten would have resulted in a complete enclosure of the West Berlin city center with motorways. However, the west bypass A 103 was not built as a motorway. The construction of the Tiergarten Spreebogen tunnel in the same corridor began in 1995 as an intersection-free city street, which also has no connection to the originally planned intersections.
There are some special features on the southern branch. The Schmargendorf junction was built as a Wilmersdorf motorway junction with the section of the A 104 to Steglitz - both were downgraded as part of a feeder to the A 100 in the course of the rededication in 2005, so that the long flyover connecting ramps appear unusually extensive. In 1974 the pedestrian bridge "Hoher Bogen" was added to this cross, the name of which came about by itself. The provisional Detmolder Straße exit led to Detmolder Straße , which ran parallel to today's autobahn - this was retained as an exit, with the further construction of the autobahn two more ramps were created, which end behind the old ramps at Heidelberger Platz , so that they are like two in terms of traffic intertwined half-connection points with the same name function. In the course of the car-friendly city, the crossing Bundesallee was equipped with several tunnels in the 1960s, but this high-performance axis does not have its own connection to the city ring, but is reached via the exits and driveways Detmolder Straße to the west and the Wexstraße exit to the east. The tunneling under Innsbrucker Platz took a very long time from 1971 to 1979, with a complete junction being created, which opens up important city centers via Martin-Luther-Straße and Hauptstraße / Potsdamer Straße . The ramps of the semi-junction Wexstraße are integrated into the building at Innsbrucker Platz , with additional connecting paths between the ramps of Wexstraße and Innsbrucker Platz. In addition to this accumulation and looping of ramps, there is also the fact that the lanes of the access and exits at Innsbrucker Platz and the following Schöneberger Kreuz intersect.
In the northern branch, Jakob-Kaiser-Platz, under the Charlottenburg motorway triangle, has a special function. The expanded city ring was connected to the square in 1973, the gap across this only took place in 1979. Even after the gap in the city ring was closed, the square continued to take over the missing connection to the A 111 and at the same time connected the Siemensdamm / Nonnendammallee traffic axis . During rush hour traffic, the short Siemensdamm driveway at the triangle is often closed, and traffic from this traffic axis is directed across the square in order to then use the following driveway to the city ring.
Construction phase 12
The 12th construction phase comprised the construction of the completed Schöneberg motorway junction (west bypass ) to the planned Tempelhof junction (east bypass ). This construction phase was planned from 1972, but the actual construction did not take place until decades later.
During the construction of the Schöneberg motorway junction, the Anhalter Bahn was crossed to the west of it , along with road connections parallel to it. To this end, the 260-meter-long tunnel under Innsbrucker Platz and the Ringbahn was built, and the Innsbrucker Platz exit is integrated into the tunnel . On the eastern side of the motorway junction, a tunnel under a railway line was then planned. Because the route ran under the already closed Tpa signal box of the Dresdener Bahn , negotiations were started with the Deutsche Reichsbahn , the owner of the operating rights at the time (indirectly the GDR ), which however remained unsuccessful. Planning stalled in 1974 because the GDR only wanted to approve the demolition of the old railway bridges if the Senate pays for a new freight yard - ten years later, the negotiations broke off completely.
As a result, a temporary Sachsendamm junction was created at the end of the motorway junction, and the Sachsendamm, which runs parallel to the later motorway, was used as a bypass. This section formed a bottleneck from 1972 to 1996 and, due to the necessary traffic lights, led to considerable congestion ("Berlin's longest parking lot"). Due to the frequent mention in traffic reports, the construction section of the motorway itself is also known as Sachsendamm, but in the planning approval in 1992 it was named as closing the gap between the junctions Sachsendamm and Alboinstraße. After German reunification offered new opportunities, the gap was closed with vigor and the old railway bridges were blown up in 1990. The 270 million mark project was accelerated by additional funds so that a one-way carriageway with four lanes could provisionally go into operation in December 1995. After the former ramps to Sachsendamm had been reduced in size and the second lane was completed, the motorway was then fully opened in October 1996.
The completed motorway crosses under the railway line, with a 70-meter-wide concrete slab being produced, as the railway could not say at the start of construction in 1993 how the tracks should be because it was not included in the previous planning. There are also the Hermann-Ganswindt-Brücke (adjacent Möbel Höffner ) as a road bridge to the east , then the August -druckmüller-Bridge, which carries the Sachsendamm, and finally the western Friedrich-Haak-Brücke (adjacent IKEA ). The Sachsendammsteg was also built directly adjacent to the railway bridges as a pedestrian bridge leading to the Südkreuz train station . In addition, another ramp was added to the former semi-junction Alboinstraße - the fourth ramp is missing there and access is instead via the single ramp from Sachsendamm that remained from the former temporary junction.
Construction phase 13
The construction section from Alboinstrasse to Gradestrasse was opened on November 24, 1981. The planning from 1965 still included the construction of a motorway junction, but in 1981 the preliminary construction work for a fork for a possible Tempelhof motorway triangle was realized. The fork was prepared in such a way that the motorway could be continued in an elevated position, but in the later implementation a lower location in a tunnel was decided and the old ramps demolished again. The ramps to the Gradestrasse junction were retained - this junction itself splits into two lanes at the exit, leaving space in between for further construction as the A 102 , which, however, has been omitted from the planning.
From the Gradestrasse feeder, the lanes of the driveway lead directly into the exit of the lanes on the eastern side of the Oberlandstrasse junction. Between junctions Oberlandstraße and Tempelhofer Damm is the site of the former Tempelhof Airport , which since 2010 as Tempelhof Field to the public for recreational activities is accessible. Due to the high altitude of the motorway, you can see the field from far. At the east end of the Tempelhof freight yard, a siding was built across the motorway route to supply a propane gas filling station (Geppert company). This track, built in 1978, has not been used since the beginning of the 2000s because the filling station was closed. Until then, propane gas was delivered in pressurized gas tank wagons. The lanes of the western ramps of the Tempelhofer Damm junction then merge directly into the lanes of the Alboinstrasse junction.
The provisional junction at Suadicanistraße , which was also set up in 1987, was demolished during the construction of the previous construction section on Sachsendamm.
Construction phase 14
The Britz district tunnel (often called the Britz town center tunnel ) was built since 1995 and opened in July 2000. In the old plans, this section should be run as an elevated section. Until the fall of the Berlin Wall , however, no implementation was considered. In order not to split the district of Britz (in the narrower sense: Neubritz ) into two parts, the plans were changed and the district was crossed with a tunnel.
The construction section has a length of 2621 m with the ramps, of which 1713 m are accounted for by the tunnels themselves. The tunnel has two tunnel tubes, each 14.50 m wide. Each tunnel tube contains a 12.50 m wide directional carriageway with three lanes (3.66 m each), a hard shoulder (1.50 m) and two raised hard shoulder, each one meter wide. The clear height of the building is 4.90 m. For the traffic equipment of the tunnel, 40 cm are reserved under the ceiling, so that there is a clear passage height of 4.50 m. This height is monitored by means of an electronic height control at the entrances. The other tunnel facilities include a central reservation system that is always available so that one of the two tubes can be completely blocked and traffic then flows through one tube in both directions. Within the tunnel, the semi-connection point Britzer Damm leads in an easterly direction into the district. The Carl-Weder-Park is located above it .
Construction phase 15
Starting from the Britz town center tunnel, the central main routes of the A 100 lead in one swing with two lanes to the south onto the A 113 , which has been under construction since 1997. The subsequent northern section of the A 113 to Späthstraße was opened together with the Neukölln motorway triangle on July 14, 2004. The A 113 was then extended, first to Adlershof in 2005 and then to Waltersdorf in 2008 , resulting in a continuous route to the A 13 .
For the further construction of the A 100, the outer ramps at the motorway triangle were laid out in two lanes. However, these led directly at the end of the ramps in a curve to the provisional Grenzallee junction . As part of the construction work for construction section 16, the direct exit to Grenzallee was closed and an exit to a bypass was built.
As a regular junction, additional ramps are built into the motorway triangle on the eastern side of the Buschkrugallee junction . The western side of the junction are the access roads to the Britz town center tunnel , which formed a semi-junction until the triangle opened and were at the end of the A 100.
As a result of the planned expansion and integration of the junction, the motorway triangle consists of six bridges in four levels, each of which spans the waters of the Neukölln shipping canal . The bridges lie between the port of Britz-Ost and the port of Neukölln .
Extensions
The further construction of the A 100 is planned in two stages. The first section (BA 16) is under construction and leads along the Ringbahn and past the former Treptow freight station to the AS Am Treptower Park. The planned BA 17 will lead from there largely underground to Storkower Strasse. The autobahn is to end there permanently.
Construction phase 16
The plan envisages leading the motorway to the northeast, starting at the Neukölln triangle, and crossing under Grenzallee and Neuköllniche Allee in a tunnel, then connecting it to Sonnenallee via a junction and running parallel to the Treptow freight yard before it temporarily ends after crossing under Kiefholzstrasse and the Ringbahn at the junction at Am Treptower Park . During the construction of the multiplex cinema and the Park Center shopping center from 2000 to 2003, the area behind the building complexes was kept free for the Treptower Park exit.
The planning approval documents were laid out in March 2009, and a four-week public hearing on the objections was held at the end of 2009. In October 2012, the Federal Administrative Court largely dismissed the claims against the continued construction, and preparatory work began immediately afterwards. The groundbreaking ceremony took place on May 8, 2013 , carried out by the then Federal Transport Minister Peter Ramsauer ( CSU ) and Berlin's Transport Senator Michael Müller ( SPD ). The engineering structures should be erected from autumn 2013. The completion of the new section is expected in 2021/2022. The construction costs are estimated at 417 million euros, plus land acquisition costs of 56 million euros.
The new road bridges over the A 100 in construction phase 16 were given the following names: Margarete-Kubicka -brücke (Dieselstraße), Hatun-Sürücü -brücke (Sonnenallee), Mathilde-Rathenau -brücke (Kiefholzstraße).
Due to increased pollution, for example with oil and iron, as well as unrecorded tunnels in the vicinity of the Treptow freight depot, the expected costs have increased from a total of 500 to around 600 million euros. Since the construction of the bridge to the Ringbahn overpass near Kiefholzstrasse had to be put out to tender again, the completion of the construction phase will be delayed until 2023.
Construction phase 17
The time horizon for further construction (BA 17) cannot be foreseen. Seven route variants for the construction up to Frankfurter Allee were examined and with a view to further construction sections beyond. A large part of the motorway is to be guided in this section in a two-story tunnel. The construction phase begins at the Am Treptower Park junction , crosses the Spree and crosses under the Ostkreuz to the north, and then continues underground along Neue Bahnhofstrasse / Gürtelstrasse to the Frankfurter Allee junction . Originally the construction phase was supposed to end there, but according to an additional study to the 2015 Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan, an identical connection to the north to Storkower Straße is planned.
With the elimination of a complete motorway ring around the inner city of Berlin , a possible 18th construction phase from Frankfurter Allee was no longer planned. Since the existing Möllensdorf road that lies in a natural extension of the line, can not absorb the entire flowing traffic, was for the gap between the Frankfurter Allee and the city ring road ( Ostseestraße / Michelangelostraße ) a yet to be built city street between Frankfurter Allee and Storkower road Ring track proposed. In the course of the regular review of the federal traffic route plan, this completion was confirmed for the 17th construction phase. When the federal traffic route plan is completed at the end of 2015, the construction section will be 4.1 kilometers long, instead of the 3.1 kilometers to Frankfurter Allee.
As a precautionary measure, when the Ostkreuz train station was being rebuilt , diaphragm walls were dug from 2006, creating concrete walls 1.2 m thick and 24 m deep in the ground. These were provided with a concrete ceiling two meters thick, on which the station was then built. If the construction of the motorway starts, there is then a compulsory point for the possible routes, at which the tunnel at Ostkreuz must be. The main costs for the later tunnel construction are for the ramps and the sealing of the trough, as there are only a few hundred meters between Ostkreuz and the river banks.
The costs for this section were estimated at 286.3 million euros in 1999 (to Frankfurter Allee). An updated cost estimate in the course of registering for the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2015 now estimates this (as of the end of 2013) at 531.2 million euros. In addition to this requirement, 16.3 million euros have already been earmarked in the investment framework plan for the preliminary work at Ostkreuz station.
Critics complain that due to the permanently increased pollution of the inner city by nitrogen oxides and fine dust above the permissible limit values , as well as the manipulation scandals in the automotive industry, the planning approval procedures could be invalid and not permitted, so that a stop and the dismantling of the construction sites could be examined to reduce the pollution of densely populated districts and to reduce traffic.
Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030
In the draft of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030 , the 16th and 17th construction sections were combined, so both sections are considered to be an overall project; it is classified as an "ongoing and fixed project (FD)", i.e. H. listed as a project of the highest priority. To the planning status in general and also more differentiated z. As is the case with the majority of all projects, the draft of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan does not yet contain any information , for example for assessing nature conservation or spatial planning. The entire route is marked as "under construction"; Construction work is currently only taking place between the Grenzallee and Am Treptower Park junctions . The total investment costs for the route AD Neukölln - Storkower Straße are given as 848.3 million euros.
Political controversy of continuation
The citizens' initiative BISS (Bürgerinitiative Stadtring Süd) and the action alliance A 100 have stopped against the expansion ! founded. They organized numerous protest actions such as a bicycle demonstration on April 19, 2009 with 1,500 participants or actions such as a flash mob on an intersection at the Oberbaum Bridge on June 21, 2010. The initiative Wirtschaft pro A100 , on the other hand, is campaigning for further construction.
When the decision on the 16th construction phase was passed in 2009, there was a dispute in the red-red coalition of the time : The Left Party was against the expansion and the SPD was initially against, but later in favor of the construction at a party congress. The controversy surrounding the expansion plans led to the failure of the red-green coalition negotiations on October 5, 2011 following the 2011 parliamentary elections .
Under the red-black coalition , the then Federal Transport Minister Peter Ramsauer included the section in the 2011–2015 investment framework plan on December 15, 2011 . Construction was originally scheduled to start in 2012 and finish in 2016.
At the request of the nature conservation association BUND and several private applicants, on February 9, 2012 the Federal Administrative Court prohibited the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development from carrying out preparatory measures on the route planned for the extension of the A 100 urban motorway, in particular from exposing parts of the route. On October 10, 2012, the Federal Administrative Court dismissed the complaints against the continued construction.
The date for the start of the 17th construction phase remains unclear. The FDP , the AfD , the CDU and parts of the SPD want the building to continue immediately. Die Linke and Die Grünen as well as various politicians from various parties and mayors of the affected districts speak out resolutely against the construction project . The current administration classifies the construction phase as "under construction". The Senate presents a comprehensive concept to promote bicycle traffic.
particularities
- In 2005, the section between the radio tower and Kurfürstendamm was the busiest road in Germany with a load of 191,400 vehicles per day. Five further sections of the A 100 are represented in the top 10 of the busiest roads in Germany.
space | vehicles | section |
---|---|---|
1 | 191,400 vehicles | Triangle radio tower - Kurfürstendamm |
2 | 181,500 vehicles | Kaiserdamm - triangle radio tower |
3 | 176,700 vehicles | Triangle Charlottenburg - Kaiserdamm |
4th | 176,700 vehicles | Kurfürstendamm - Schmargendorf |
6th | 160,500 vehicles | Innsbrucker Platz - Schöneberg Cross |
10 | 148,400 vehicles | Alboinstrasse - Tempelhofer Damm |
- In the updated traffic survey from 2010, the A 100 was still represented in the top 10 with five sections.
space | vehicles | section |
---|---|---|
1 | 186,100 vehicles | Triangle radio tower - Kurfürstendamm |
2 | 171,400 vehicles | Kurfürstendamm - Hohenzollerndamm |
4th | 162,900 vehicles | Innsbrucker Platz - Schöneberg Cross |
5 | 159,800 vehicles | Hohenzollerndamm - Schmargendorf |
8th | 151,300 vehicles | Kaiserdamm-Süd - triangle radio tower |
- In the 2015 traffic survey, the A 100 was represented in the top 5 with 3 sections.
space | vehicles | section |
---|---|---|
1 | 168,400 vehicles | Alboinstrasse - Tempelhofer Damm |
2 | 167,000 vehicles | Triangle Charlottenburg - Spandauer Damm |
4th | 165,300 vehicles | Kaiserdamm-Süd - triangle radio tower |
- The entrance to the Kurfürstendamm junction in a southerly direction is in a curve and is - for structural reasons - one of the shortest in Germany.
- During the construction of the A 100 in the 1960s, several bus stops were created on the edge of the motorway , which were implemented in the form of bulges that were accessible via staircases or pedestrian tunnels. The reason for this measure was the establishment of what was then BVG - line A65 (later: line 105), which was intended as a transport policy alternative to the parallel S-Bahn (which was operated by the Deutsche Reichsbahn ). In this context, the re-threading of the buses into the flowing traffic was problematic in terms of traffic. With the reopening of the Berlin Ringbahn in 1993, the parallel bus service was given up again and the stops have been closed since then. Some of the access structures are now used for other purposes, for example as snack bars . In detail, the stops were on
- Jakob-Kaiser-Platz ,
- Spandauer Damm ,
- Messedamm,
- Rathenauplatz ,
- Hohenzollerndamm ,
- the Mecklenburgische Strasse and on
- Bundesplatz .
More federal highways
Web links
- Detailed route description of the federal highway 100
- History and historical pictures of the A 100
- Stop the A100 alliance!
- Initiative Wirtschaft pro A100
- Webcams of the 16th construction phase at stadtentwicklung.berlin.de
- Information and pictures of the 16th construction phase at bastellen-doku.info
Individual evidence
- ^ Last exit Friedrichshain: Policy for the expansion of the A 100. In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 3, 2015
- ↑ List on autobahn-online.de
- ↑ Federal Archives, (Sign.) B 108/57571 - Planning and design approval of federal highways. Lower Saxony: Autobahn Bremen – Gießen
- ^ Andreas Jüttemann: Urban motorway construction in West Berlin 1965–1989.
- ↑ a b c d e Peter Neumann: This has been the most important street in Berlin for 60 years . Berlin newspaper. March 21, 2016.
- ↑ Picture gallery: The history of Berlin's city highways . July 4, 2016. Retrieved on July 20, 2016: “Picture 7 of 110: On December 20, 1963, the opening of the urban motorway section between Halensee and Charlottenburg-Nord was still a joyous event, which was celebrated with a convoy of guests of honor. "
- ^ Urban motorway construction in West Berlin 1965–1989
- ↑ High arch . District Office Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf of Berlin. Retrieved on July 23, 2016: “In 1974 the pedestrian bridge was built over the Ringbahn and the city motorway between the S-Bahn stations Hohenzollerndamm and Heidelberger Platz . The name 'high arch' came about by itself, [...] "
- ↑ a b http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/verkehr/politik_planung/planfeststellung/download/uebersicht_strassen_archiv.pdf
- ↑ a b Motorway construction on Sachsendamm completed after more than 20 years. In: Berliner Zeitung . October 8, 1996.
- ↑ a b c d From December 15th: Finally an end to the Sachsendamm traffic jam? . In: Berliner Kurier . November 20, 1995.
- ↑ a b Free at last! Many motorists honored their horns in Sachsendamm . In: Berliner Kurier . October 10, 1996.
- ↑ Homepage of the company under history ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Road Report 1987 - DIP21 . German Bundestag. October 6, 1988.
- ↑ Open to traffic on the A 1000 〈sic!〉 . Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment. 4th July 2000.
- ↑ Archive: A 100 - Britz district tunnel . Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
- ↑ In reports as Tunnel Ortskern Britz , for example at the executing engineering office ( reference: Tunnel Ortskern Britz ( Memento from July 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive )), at the BZ ( [1] ) and the Berliner Morgenpost ( [2] )
- ↑ A 100 tunnel town center Britz - numbers and dates . Retrieved September 2, 2015.
- ↑ Federal Motorway A 100 - 14th construction phase - Britz district tunnel - traffic equipment . Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
- ^ Federal government pays for the A 100. In: Berliner Zeitung . November 28, 2012.
- ↑ Extension of the city motorway - a construction site visit . In: Der Tagesspiegel , January 11, 2016
- ↑ PDF flyer ( memento of March 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) of the Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment on the motorway section
- ^ Map of Berlin 1: 5000 (K5 - color edition): Elsenstrasse 115
- ↑ Further construction of the A 100 presented - start of planning approval. Press release, Senate Department for Urban Development, February 27, 2009
- ^ Groundbreaking ceremony and start of construction on the 16th construction phase of the A 100. Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment, May 8, 2013, accessed on May 10, 2013 .
- ↑ News in brief - miscellaneous . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 4 , 2019, p. 78 .
- ↑ Birgit Bürkner: Further construction of the A100 - here each meter costs 187,500 euros . BZ Berlin. 20th November 2019.
- ↑ a b c d Current planning status of the 17th construction phase of the A100 (small request) . Berlin House of Representatives (printed matter 17/16 317). June 1, 2015. Accessed September 3, 2015.
- ↑ The extension of the A 100 is consistent. ( Memento from June 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) stadtentwicklung.berlin.de
- ↑ Land use plan at stadtentwicklung.berlin.de
- ↑ a b The concrete is already flowing for the new motorway . In: Berliner Zeitung . December 12th 2013.
- ↑ a b c Berlin SPD gives in: A100 is extended to Frankfurter Allee . In: Berliner Morgenpost . 2nd December 2014.
- ↑ Each kilometer of the new A 100 costs 130 million euros. In: Der Tagesspiegel . December 13, 2013, accessed December 14, 2013 .
- ↑ a b A 100 expansion: Green light from Ramsauer. In: BZ , December 15, 2011, accessed January 5, 2012
- ↑ Claudius Prößer: Controversial Autobahn: The A 100 stinks to heaven . In: the daily newspaper . ( taz.de [accessed on September 8, 2017]).
- ↑ Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030. (PDF) Draft March 2016. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure , March 2016, accessed on June 1, 2016 .
- ↑ Cyclists and skaters roll against the A 100 expansion. In: Berliner Morgenpost , April 19, 2009
- ↑ Flashmob: Lying protest against A 100. In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 20, 2010
- ↑ Red-Green in Berlin fails on the A 100. In: Berliner Morgenpost , October 5, 2011
- ↑ A 100 in Berlin: Federal Administrative Court prohibits exposure of the route. ( Memento of February 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Federal Administrative Court , February 2, 2012
- ↑ Very large coalition against the A 100 . ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed on September 8, 2017]).
- ↑ Bert Schulz: Draft for the Berlin cycling law ready: Clear the way for cyclists . In: the daily newspaper . ( taz.de [accessed on September 8, 2017]).
- ^ Report ( Memento from July 22, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Federal Highway Research Institute
- ↑ Press release No. 01/2012 Federal Highway Research Institute ( Memento from January 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Federal Highway Research Institute
- ↑ Article on the Berlin traffic pages