Federal highway 81

	Template: Infobox high-ranking street / Maintenance / DE-A
	Bundesautobahn 81 in Germany
	map
	Basic data
Operator:	Federal Republic of Germany
Start of the street:	Autobahn triangle Würzburg-West ; ( 49 ° 45 ′ N , 9 ° 49 ′ E )
End of street:	Gottmadingen ; ( 47 ° 44 ′ N , 8 ° 45 ′ E )
Overall length:	276 km
State :	Bavaria; Baden-Württemberg;
	Concentration camp memorial at the old south portal of the Engelberg tunnel
	Free State of Bavaria
	Würzburg district
	State of Baden-Württemberg
	Main-Tauber district
	Neckar-Odenwald district
	Hohenlohe district
	Heilbronn district
	Ludwigsburg district
	District of Boeblingen
	Tübingen district
	District of Boeblingen
	Freudenstadt district
	Rottweil district
	Schwarzwald-Baar district
	Tuttlingen district
	District of Constance
	Under construction; In planning; Traffic control system ;

The federal motorway 81 (abbreviation: BAB 81 ) - short form: Autobahn 81 (abbreviation: A 81 ) - is a motorway in the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg and leads from Würzburg via Heilbronn , Stuttgart and Singen to just before the Swiss border Gottmadingen . In its entire length it is part of the E 41 ( Dortmund - Altdorf UR ).

Due to its function as a feeder from the greater Stuttgart area to the Lake Constance region , the section between Stuttgart and Singen is also known as the Lake Constance motorway. Another name for this section of the motorway is Spätzle-Highway .

course

Wurzburg - Heilbronn

The A 81 begins at the Würzburg-West motorway junction (junction 1), where it branches off from the A 3 in a southerly direction. This junction has been developed as an incomplete Maltese junction because it was originally planned as a motorway junction for an extension of the A 81 as a northern bypass from Würzburg to the A 7 . You can still see the preliminary work for the further construction today. Immediately after the Gerchsheim junction (junction 2), which follows the triangle, the motorway changes to the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, which is crossed in its entirety from north to south. Before the next junction is the Rötensteinbrücke and the “Ob der Tauber” rest area. The motorway has four lanes as far as the Weinsberg junction , east of Heilbronn . Only the ascents from the Taubertal on both sides of the Tauberbischofsheim junction (junction 3) and the Taubertal bridge are marked with three lanes for uphill traffic. This is followed by the Muckbachtalbrücke , the Schüpfbachtalbrücke , the Ahorn junction (junction 4) and Boxberg (junction 5).

This section of the route, which was planned in the 1930s but was not built until the late 1960s and early 1970s, has numerous viaducts, of which the Jagsttalbrücke is the highest with a height of 80 m and the longest. Shortly before reaching the Weinsberg motorway junction, where the A 6 crosses, the A 81 leads through the Hölzern tunnel , whose 470 or 462 m long tubes cross under a ridge.

Overall, the Würzburg – Heilbronn section, with an average of less than 35,000 vehicles per day in 2010, is one of the least frequented motorway sections in Baden-Württemberg. This fact makes it possible to use the route for test drives of camouflaged " Erlkönige " of the nearby car manufacturers Porsche , Mercedes-Benz and Audi or their offshoots Mercedes-AMG and quattro GmbH .

For traffic and historical reasons, the Weinsberg junction is not designed as a classic cloverleaf cross, but has a continuous lane from the south (A 81 to Stuttgart) to the west (A 6 to Mannheim ). If you approach the cross from the south, you have to leave the lane to stay on the A 81; the Weinsberger Kreuz is thus a TOTSO . For a long time, the Stuttgart – Mannheim connection was the only and most important route in terms of transport. The route towards Nuremberg (A 6) and towards Würzburg (A 81) were only built in the 1970s and tied to the cross. Since the opening of the border to the east, the Mannheim – Nuremberg relationship has been at least as important.

Heilbronn - Stuttgart

Behind Weinsberg, the motorway crosses the most north-westerly foothills of the Swabian-Franconian Forest and crosses the Neckar for the first time south of Pleidelsheim (AS 14) . It then bypasses the state capital Stuttgart to the west before it joins the A 8 at the Leonberg triangle . In front of the triangle, the mountain range of the same name is crossed under the 2530 m long Engelberg tunnel.

This section is the oldest of the entire A 81. It was completed in two sections in 1938 and 1940, respectively, during the National Socialist era . This can also be seen in the route, which is largely adapted to the terrain and has steeper inclines and declines than the rest of the motorway route. Due to the high volume of traffic (for example up to an average of over 100,000 vehicles per day in 2010), it was expanded to six lanes between Untergruppenbach (AS 11) and Stuttgart-Feuerbach (AS 18) as early as the 1970s . In the 1980s, the section from Untergruppenbach to Kreuz Weinsberg, which had previously been left with four lanes, followed.

As part of the expansion, a section of around 1.5 kilometers was laid between Ilsfeld (AS 12) and Mundelsheim (AS 13). The remaining concrete slabs - laid in the 1950s according to the Reichsautobahn standard - were removed in 2003 and the old route renatured for 600,000 euros. An initiative by hobby researchers who pushed for the expensive dismantling to be abandoned in order to preserve the former section as a memorial was unsuccessful. The old course is still recognizable as a lane in nature, partly used with a dirt road.

In the vicinity of the town of Winzerhausen , east of the current route, however, 770 meters of the right-hand lane (in the direction of Heilbronn) of route 39 of the Reichsautobahn opened in 1940 have been partially preserved as a forest path to this day. This is particularly noteworthy because, in the opinion of the chairman of the Historisches Verein Bottwartal eV , Gerfried O. Wegner and older residents, the construction of this section of the route could have led to the colloquial nickname “Rio” of the place Winzerhausen.

Partly preserved section of the RAB route 39 near Winzerhausen
Right lane in the direction of Heilbronn
Concrete slabs from the 1950s with numbering

A speed limit of 120 km / h applies south of the Pleidelsheim junction , as traffic is particularly dense here, especially due to commuters in the greater Stuttgart area . Therefore, the hard shoulder from the Ludwigsburg -Nord exit (AS 15) to the Ludwigsburg-Süd exit (AS 16) was opened to traffic, so that the motorway in this area has four usable lanes in the south.

Before the construction of the Engelberg base tunnel as part of the six-lane expansion between the Leonberg and Stuttgart-Feuerbach triangle (AS 18), the A 81 ran on an extremely steep, four-lane route through a shorter and narrower tunnel that was built in the 1930s and up to when it was closed it was the oldest still operating motorway tunnel in Germany. During the Second World War it served as an assembly hall for aircraft parts that had to be assembled by concentration camp prisoners . In the western tunnel portal, which is still preserved today, you can visit a memorial today .

The construction of the new base tunnel with three lanes in each direction of travel cost around DM 700 million. Truck traffic in particular benefited from this, as the vehicles sometimes had to crawl up the mountain at 20 to 40 km / h. As a result, the capacity fell well below the value of a normal two-lane route, which recently led to long traffic jams almost all day long in car traffic.

The original plan was to continue building the A 81 from Leonberg past Renningen and Magstadt to Gärtringen . However, after many years of controversy in the country and the neighboring communities, this plan was abandoned. Instead, the route now takes a little detour over the A 8 to the Stuttgart junction. This section of the route, on which two highways with a high volume of traffic are led over the same route, is almost always at the limit of its capacity due to the necessary lane changes and a longer incline, despite four lanes uphill towards Kreuz Stuttgart.

Stuttgart - singing

From the Stuttgart junction, the continuation of the A 831 city motorway, completed in 1978, leads as the A 81 via Sindelfingen / Böblingen to Gärtringen . There, a motorway exit to the left (in a northerly direction of travel) reminds of the once planned project to build a motorway junction. All bridges and ramps required for this motorway junction were built as early as the 1970s. From this motorway junction the A 831 to Stuttgart should branch off to the northeast, the A 81 to Lake Constance to the south, the A 81 to Leonberg to the north and a motorway or expressway to Nagold to the southwest.

However, the last two motorways mentioned were not built. On the ramps to the south-west, a connection to the federal highway 14 was already established during construction , and on the ramps to the north in the 1990s a further connection to the road network was established. The curious left-hand exit was due to the fact that the route planned for the continuous north-south motorway was instead used as a connecting ramp, and vice versa, the A 831, which was planned as a subordinate but previously developed as a B14, took over the function of the A 81.

The section south of Stuttgart became official at the time of planning and is still referred to by the population as the “Bodensee-Autobahn”, as the important travel destination Bodensee, shortly after Singen, can be reached quickly via it.

In a southerly direction, the A 81 between Gärtringen and the Herrenberg junction in the Schönbuchtunnel crosses the ridge of the same name . It then continues via Horb am Neckar , Rottweil and Villingen-Schwenningen to the Hegau near Singen (Hohentwiel) motorway junction and on to Gottmadingen / Hilzingen . The Neckar, which the motorway follows upstream, is crossed three more times in this section, first on the 127 m high Neckar Valley Bridge Weitingen , then on the 95 m high Neckarburg Bridge and shortly before Villingen-Schwenningen (AS 35). The route section also has numerous other high bridge structures, for example the 89 m high Eschach Valley Bridge southwest of Rottweil (AS 34).

After the A 864 , which was originally intended as a Black Forest motorway to Freiburg im Breisgau , branches off at the Bad Dürrheim triangle to Donaueschingen , where it ends today, the A 81 at Geisingen (AS 38) leads into the valley of the Danube, which is still very narrow here . This is followed by an ascent and the Hegaublick is reached, which is the third highest motorway point in Germany at 782 m above sea level (after the A 7 near Nesselwang and the A 8 near Hohenstadt ) - the actual Hegaublick (with a parking lot and the restaurant of the same name ) is near the pass on the old federal road. In a southerly direction, the roadway offers a sweeping panoramic view of the Lake Constance region , the entire Hegau including the numerous extinct volcanic cones and, on a clear day, the Alps on the horizon.

At the Hegau junction, the B 33 branches off to Konstanz and a section of the never quite completed A 98 to Stockach , via which one can also reach Friedrichshafen and Lindau . After Singen, the A 81 leads through the 800 m long Hohentwiel tunnel and the 483 m long Heilsberg tunnel before it ends at a roundabout at Gottmadingen . The Bietingen / Thayngen border crossing, which is only about two kilometers to the north-west, is reached via the B 34 , from which the A4 leads to Schaffhausen and Zurich on the Swiss side .

gallery

A 81 near Tauberbischofsheim
Daimler plant Sindelfingen on the A 81
Comparison of the planned route network of the motorways around Stuttgart with the eventual implementation
Special feature on the A 81: Autobahn exit to the left. Since 2013 there has been an additional lane at this point.
South portal of the Schönbuchtunnel (towards Stuttgart)

particularities

Makeshift airfields

Between the connection points Osterburken and Möckmühl (north of Heilbronn, length: 3000 m) 49 ° 22 ′ N , 9 ° 26 ′ E and between the connection points Oberndorf and Rottweil (length: 3000 m) 48 ° 15 ′ N , 8 ° 39 ′ O (attached concrete guardrails) were or are temporary motorway airports .49.368611111111 9.438611111111148.253888888889 8.6430555555556

Kilometrage

The kilometrage of the A 81 refers to the distance to the Potsdam motorway triangle on the Berliner Ring . For the exact mileage, the distance of the Weinsberger Kreuz from the Potsdam motorway triangle via the A 9 and A 6 was determined and, based on this, the mileage continued to the south and continued backwards to the north.

Illegal car racing

After an increasing number of illegal car races there, the Baden-Württemberg state government decided after a controversial debate in early November 2017 to introduce a speed limit of 130 km / h on the particularly affected section between Engen and Geisingen . The car races are mostly organized by drivers from nearby Switzerland who move to Germany because of the high fines there for driving too fast and car races.

Planning history

In the Weimar Republic , the Eberbach - Heilbronn - Stuttgart - Tübingen - Hechingen - Donaueschingen - Tengen - Singen - Stein am Rhein (Switzerland) line with a branch at Thayngen via Schaffhausen to Zurich was in the second stage of expansion intended. A direct connection from Würzburg to Heilbronn was missing, as was a route from Stuttgart via Herrenberg, Nagold, Horb am Neckar, Sulz am Neckar, Oberndorf am Neckar, Rottweil, Engen to Singen.

In the network plans of the National Socialists, the motorway connection Bad Hersfeld - Fulda - Würzburg (route 46), Würzburg - Heilbronn (route 40), and Heilbronn - Stuttgart (route 39) can already be found in 1935 . From 1938 the connections Stuttgart - Oberndorf (route 44) and Oberndorf - Donaueschingen (route 45) - Swiss border ( Schaffhausen ) were added. In 1941 the route of the Stuttgart - Donaueschingen section was modified in such a way that the line should no longer run over the Horb / Neckar area, but rather over Freudenstadt.

The expansion plan for the federal highways of the law of July 27, 1957 provided for the construction of a federal highway between Bad Hersfeld, Fulda, Würzburg and Heilbronn in the 3rd expansion stage. Planning for a motorway south of Stuttgart was initially not taken up. On the other hand, the B 14 Stuttgart - Herrenberg, the B 27 Stuttgart - Tübingen - Rottweil - Donaueschingen - Schaffhausen, the B 31 Donaueschingen - Engen and the B 33 Engen - Konstanz were included in the "Blue Network" of the federal highways that were new or to be expanded. It is noteworthy that the federal highways leading directly along the later route of the A 81 were only partially included in the blue network. The B 14 Herrenberg - Rottweil - Tuttlingen was missing, as was the B 295 / B 296 Leonberg - Calw - Herrenberg.

However, the expansion plan of 1957 was soon overtaken by increasing motorization and the actual need for traffic. The continuation of the Bad Hersfeld - Fulda - Würzburg - Heilbronn - Stuttgart motorway to Donaueschingen - Singen - Rielasingen-Worblingen (federal border D / CH) with a direct connection to the Leonberg triangle was planned as early as the 1960s . In the Singen area, the route of the autobahn was modified in 1969: the route should now be led to Constance. In addition, the route of the Lörrach - Rosenheim autobahn was adapted: if the northern bypass of the Swiss national territory of Schaffhausen had been considered until 1968, the line should run to Gottmadingen from 1969 onwards. From 1970 onwards, in the Leonberg area, the focus was no longer on connecting to the existing motorway triangle, but on relocating the federal motorway from Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen to a route west of Leonberg. The requirement plan of the law on the expansion of federal highways in the years 1971 to 1985 from June 30, 1971 therefore contained the following sub-projects of the line Eisenach - Bad Hersfeld - Fulda - Würzburg - Heilbronn - Stuttgart - Konstanz, internally designated as "Autobahn 23" , whereby the Both of the first-mentioned sections were later not included in the route of the A 81.

section	expansion	was standing	comment
inner German border near Eisenach - Bad Hersfeld		completed	today A 4
Bad Hersfeld - Kirchheim - Fulda - north of Würzburg		completed	today A 7
north of Würzburg (triangle with the route Würzburg - Ulm - Füssen, internally designated as "Autobahn 24" and now dedicated to the A 7) - west of Würzburg (intersection with the internally designated "Autobahn 15" route and now designated as A 3 from Frankfurt am Main - Nuremberg)	four-lane	Urgency level III
west of Würzburg cross with the A 3 - Heilbronn (cross with the internally designated "Autobahn 20" and now the A 6 dedicated to Mannheim - Nuremberg)	four-lane	ongoing project
Heilbronn (intersection with the A 6) - Mundelsheim (intersection with the Aschaffenburg - Kirchheim / Teck route, internally designated as "Autobahn 13" and later planned as the A 45) - Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen (intersection with federal highway 10 , later federal motorway 80 )	four-lane	completed	six-lane expansion between Weinsberg / Ellhofen and Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen in urgency level I.
Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen - west of Ditzingen (cross with the internally designated "Autobahn 76" and later planned as A 82 route Trier - Kaiserslautern - Pirmasens - Ettlingen - Pforzheim - Stuttgart) - west of Leonberg (intersection with the internally designated "Autobahn 21" and today as the A 8 dedicated route Karlsruhe - Stuttgart - Munich) - west of Renningen - Weil der Stadt - Grafenau (cross with the B 464 ) - Aidlingen - Ehningen - Gärtringen (cross with the B 14 Stuttgart - Herrenberg)	four-lane	Urgency level I.
Gärtringen (cross with the B 14) - Rottenburg am Neckar (cross with the B 28n , later A 84 ) - Villingen-Schwenningen (cross with the B 27 , later A 83 ) - Bad Dürrheim (cross with the internally called "Autobahn 84 "And later planned as A 86 and finally as A 864 partially realized route Freiburg im Breisgau - Ulm) - Singen (cross with the internally designated" Autobahn 22 "and later planned as A 98 and finally as A 98 / A 81 partially realized route Lörrach - Rosenheim) - Allensbach	four-lane	ongoing project
Allensbach - Konstanz (federal border D / CH)	four-lane	Urgency level I.

Also trains not originally intended for the route of the A 81, but later dedicated as A 81, were found in the requirement plan of 1971. These were:

Short name	section	expansion	was standing
B 14	Stuttgart-Vaihingen (junction with the A 8) - Sindelfingen-Ost	six-lane	under traffic
B 14	Sindelfingen-Ost - Böblingen / Hulb (cross with the B 464) - Gärtringen (cross with the "Autobahn 23")	four-lane	ongoing project
A 22	Kreuz Hegau - Singing	four-lane	ongoing project
A 22	Singen - Gottmadingen (Federal border D / CH)	four-lane	Urgency level III

With the restructuring of the federal motorway network, which was introduced with effect from January 1, 1975, the entire Würzburg-Nord - Heilbronn - Stuttgart - Konstanz route was given the uniform designation "Federal Motorway 81". In the Stuttgart area, the relocation of the A 81 west of Ditzingen and Leonberg was rejected and a direct connection to the Leonberg triangle was sought.

In the network map of the federal government of January 1, 1976, the federal highway 81 was included unchanged.

In the requirement plan of the law amending the law on the expansion of federal highways from 1971 to 1985 from August 5, 1976, the federal motorway 81 was included unchanged in the route, but the urgency of individual, not yet implemented sub-projects changed. The following picture emerged:

section	expansion	was standing
four-lane	possible further need
west of Würzburg (cross with the A 3) - Heilbronn (cross with the A 6)	four-lane	completed
Heilbronn (cross with the A 6) - Mundelsheim (cross with the A 45) - Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen (cross with the A 80) - Leonberg (cross with the A 8)	six lanes between Kreuz Weinheim and Heilbronn / Untergruppenbach and between Heilbronn / Untergruppenbach and Kreuz Leonberg (urgency level Ia)	remaining section completed
Leonberg (cross with the A 8) - west of Renningen - Weil der Stadt - Grafenau (cross with the B 464)	four-lane	Urgency level Ia
Grafenau (cross with the B 464) - Aidlingen - Ehningen - Gärtringen (cross with the B 14 Stuttgart - Herrenberg)	four-lane,	Urgency level Ib
Gärtringen (cross with the B 14) - Rottenburg am Neckar (cross with the A 84) - Villingen-Schwenningen (cross with the A 83)	four-lane	ongoing project
Villingen-Schwenningen (cross with the A 84) - Bad Dürrheim (cross with the A 86) - Singen (cross with the A 98)	four-lane	under traffic
Singen (cross with the A 98) - west of Allensbach	four-lane	1st lane in urgency level Ia, 2nd lane in urgency level Ib
OU Allensbach	four-lane	Urgency level Ib
east of Allensbach - Konstanz (federal border D / CH)	four-lane	Urgency level Ia

Also trains not originally intended for the route of the A 81, but later dedicated as A 81, were found in the requirements plan of 1976. These were:

designation	section	expansion	Urgency level
B 14	Stuttgart-Vaihingen (junction with the A 8) - Sindelfingen-Ost	six-lane	under traffic
B 14	Sindelfingen-Ost - Böblingen / Hulb (cross with the B 464) - Ehningen	four-lane	under traffic
B 14	Ehningen - Gärtringen (cross with the A 81)	four-lane	ongoing project
A 98	Kreuz Hegau - Singing	four-lane	under traffic
A 98	Singing - Hilzingen	four-lane	possible further need
A 98	Hilzingen - Gottmadingen	four-lane	1st lane in urgency level Ia, 2nd lane as a possible additional requirement
A 98	Gottmadingen - Federal border D / CH	four-lane	possible further need

The first change came in 1978: the construction of the section between the Hegau junction near Singen and Konstanz was no longer part of the A 81, but was given an independent name as the 881 federal motorway . The total length of the route was given as 29.8 kilometers, of which a 1.3 kilometer section was already under construction. The total costs were put at 291.5 million DM. From 1980 the project continued under the name “Bundesstrasse 33”.

The second law amending the law on the expansion of federal trunk roads from 1971 to 1985 from August 25, 1980 brought several changes to the planned route of the A 81. The connection Würzburg-Nord (A 7) - Würzburg-West (A 3 ) was omitted without replacement. The corner connection Leonberg (cross with the A 8) - Gärtringen was also deleted. Nevertheless, the section Stuttgart-Vaihingen - Gärtringen was initially left under the dedication as A 831 . This created a gap in the A 81 route. Finally, the route of the A 81 at Singen was changed. The connection Singen - Konstanz was reduced to the four-lane and ongoing subprojects Singen - west of Allensbach and local bypass (OU) Konstanz and led as a new federal road with the number "B 33n". The A 81 should be continued from Kreuz Hegau to the federal border D / CH near Gottmadingen. Of these, the section Kreuz Hegau - Singen was already under traffic, the route Singen - Gottmadingen in urgency level I and the connection Gottmadingen - federal border (D / CH) in urgency level II (all four lanes). The six-lane expansion of the A 81 between Heilbronn and Leonberg had meanwhile also progressed, so that only the sections of Kreuz Weinsberg - Weinsberg / Ellhofen (Würzburg road) and Stuttgart-Feuerbach - Leonberg triangle (both projects in urgency level I) and Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen - Stuttgart-Feuerbach (ongoing project) had not yet been completed.

In a textual addition to the requirements plan it says: "Until the requirements plan is updated in 1985, the projects that are not yet ready for decision [...] B 33n Allensbach-West - Konstanz will be examined to what extent the previous motorway plans or alternative plans, especially the expansion of the existing road network, can be included in the demand plan. The investigation must be completed by 31 December 1982 in order to give the countries concerned sufficient time to prepare the 1985 update. A need for expansion is determined for the traffic relations concerned. "

The third law amending the law on the expansion of federal highways of April 21, 1986 did not lead to the re-inclusion of the north-west bypass of Würzburg and the corner connection Leonberg - Gärtringen in the demand plan. The A 81 between Singen and Gottmadingen was listed as an ongoing project in the requirements plan, the continuation to the D / CH state border was still only in urgency level II. The B 33n was meanwhile four lanes between the Hegau and Radolfzell intersection. The section Radolfzell - west of Allensbach was included as an ongoing project. The route west of Allensbach to Konstanz was to be expanded by adding the 2nd lane to the existing route of the B 33 (urgency level I). In Constance, the OU was shown as an ongoing project in the requirements plan. The six-lane expansion of the A 81 between Heilbronn and Stuttgart only included the remaining sections of the Weinsberg - Weinsberg / Ellhofen junction (direction Würzburg) and Stuttgart-Feuerbach - Leonberg triangle (both ongoing projects). The Stuttgart-Vaihingen - Gärtringen junction was still designated as the A 831, but was to be extended to six lanes throughout (urgency level II). The A8 was also expanded between the Leonberg triangle and the Stuttgart-Vaihingen intersection (urgency level II).

German reunification brought about a considerable change for the A 81: on April 9, 1991, the federal government decided on the " Transport Projects German Unity " (VDE) program in anticipation of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 1992. It contained the connection Erfurt - Schweinfurt under the name A 81. This project was not examined again when the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan was drawn up in 1992, but was even expanded. For example, the requirements plan of the Fourth Law on the Amendment of the Highway Expansion Act of November 15, 1993 contained the following northern extension of the A 81:

section	comment	Urgency level
west of Bernburg (triangle with the federal autobahn 14 / 6n ) - Hettstedt - Klostermansfeld - Sangerhausen (cross with the A 82, later as the A 38 connection Göttingen - Halle)	four-lane	further need
Sangerhausen (cross with the A 38) - Heldrungen - Sömmerda - Erfurt (cross with the A 4)	four-lane	urgent need
Erfurt (cross with the A 4) - Arnstadt - Ilmenau - Suhl (triangle with the A 73 ) - Meiningen - Münnerstadt - Schweinfurt / Werneck (triangle with the A 70 )	four-lane	urgent need

The north-west bypass Würzburg was still not planned, so that there was a gap between Schweinfurt and Würzburg-West. Between Kreuz Weinsberg and Weinsberg / Ellhofen, the six-lane expansion of the Würzburg carriageway was still included as an ongoing project, as was the one between Stuttgart-Feuerbach and the Leonberg triangle. The corner connection between Leonberg and Gärtringen remained canceled. For this, the A 81 from Leonberg was laid over the Stuttgart-Vaihingen junction (together with A 8), Böblingen to Gärtringen. The A 8 should be expanded to six lanes between the Leonberg triangle and the Stuttgart-Vaihingen junction (further requirement), as should the A 81 between Sindelfingen-Ost and Gärtringen (urgent requirement). The A 81 was ultimately included in further requirements with four lanes between Gottmadingen and the federal border D / CH. The connection to Konstanz (B 33n) was divided into the section west of Allensbach - Konstanz (2nd lane in urgent need to supplement the existing road) and the OU Konstanz (ongoing project, four lanes).

The Sangerhausen - Erfurt - Schweinfurt route was finally implemented under the designation A 71 .

The requirement plan of the Fifth Act on the Amendment of the Highway Expansion Act of October 4, 2004 did not contain a northwest bypass of Würzburg in the course of the A 81. The following project was included:

The B 33 was to be expanded to four lanes between west of Allensbach and Konstanz. At the same time, the four-lane OU Constance was included in the requirements plan as an ongoing project. The corner connection between Leonberg and Gärtringen was canceled.

Further expansion

The groundbreaking ceremony for the six-lane expansion of the A 81 between AS Böblingen / Hulb and AS Gärtringen took place on July 31, 2009 . After a third lane in the direction of Stuttgart was created in 2002 by widening and converting the hard shoulder, three lanes and one hard shoulder were created in both directions. After the preparatory work since 2009, the main work started on May 30, 2011. The expansion, estimated at 43.7 million euros, was completed on May 7, 2013.

The planning approval procedure for the widening to three lanes in each direction between AS Sindelfingen-Ost and AS Böblingen / Hulb, including an 850-meter-long, covered section, should begin in the first half of 2014. The project is assigned to the urgent need. At the end of May 2014, the preliminary drafts were sent to the Federal Ministry of Transport for approval. The extensive planning documents required for the approval of the opinion were sent to the Federal Ministry of Transport in spring 2014. In autumn 2014, the Federal Ministry of Transport requested further explanations about noise protection and the 850 m long tunnel, which the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of Transport promptly provided. At the same time as the Federal Ministry's examination of the planning, the Federal Audit Office also dealt with this measure again. At the end of July 2015, the latter submitted its review comments to the Federal Ministry. In October 2015, the Federal Ministry of Transport then issued it as seen. The plan approval procedure was initiated in June 2016. In the summer of 2017, a construction start date of 2020 and a construction time of six years were assumed while the planning approval process was ongoing.

On December 19, 2017, the road construction administration of the state of Baden-Württemberg submitted a feasibility study on the six-lane expansion between the Sindelfingen-Ost junction and the A 8 / A 831 motorway junction to the Federal Ministry of Transport for further coordination. The study also includes an eight-lane expansion of the A 8 in the vicinity of the motorway junction. The total costs of the renovation and expansion measures are estimated at 90 million euros.

A temporary hard shoulder release between Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen and Ludwigsburg-Nord is also being discussed, so that four lanes are available in each direction when traffic is high. With the realization, further measures such as the renewal of the road surface and the expansion of the noise protection would be necessary.

Extension of the A 81 between Gottmadingen and Schaffhausen

Although the extension of the A 81 is not included in the 2003 Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan, which is still in force, route investigations for a connection between the A 81 and the N4 near Schaffhausen were submitted in 2007 in the affected municipality. However, further construction is not expected from 2015 onwards, as the project is not included in the registration of the state of Baden-Württemberg from November 2013 for the new federal transport infrastructure plan.

List of traffic clearances

The sections of the A 81 were completed as follows:

1938: AS Ludwigsburg-Nord - AD Leonberg (20 km, four lanes)
1940: AS Weinsberg - AS Ludwigsburg-Nord (28.9 km, four lanes)
1964: Reconstruction in the Reisberg area between AS Weinsberg (old) and AS Heilbronn-Untergruppenbach
1965: AK Weinsberg - AS Weinsberg / Ellhofen (3 km, 1st lane)
1966: AK Weinsberg - AS Weinsberg / Ellhofen (3 km, 2nd lane)
1968: AK Stuttgart-Vaihingen - AS Sindelfingen-Ost (3.2 km, six lanes, dedicated as B 14)
1972: AS Gerchsheim - AS Tauberbischofsheim (17.6 km, four lanes)
1972: AS Sindelfingen-Ost - AS Böblingen / Sindelfingen (3.3 km, four lanes, dedicated as B 14)
1973: AS Tauberbischofsheim - AS Boxberg (19.4 km, four lanes)
1973: AS Möckmühl - AK Weinsberg (17.4 km, four lanes)
1973: AS Geisingen - AS Engen (13.7 km, four lanes)
1974: AD Würzburg-West - AS Gerchsheim (3.2 km, four lanes)
1974: AS Boxberg - AS Möckmühl (24.9 km, four lanes)
1975: AS Sindelfingen / Böblingen - AS Ehningen (4.5 km, four lanes, dedicated as B 14)
1975: AS Villingen-Schwenningen - AS Geisingen (23.6 km, four lanes)
1975: AS Engen - AS Singen (9.3 km, four lanes)
1977: Rottweil / Villingendorf (B 14) - AS Villingen-Schwenningen (12.7 km, four lanes)
1978: AS Ehningen - AK Herrenberg (4.0 km, four lanes, dedicated as A 831)
1978: AK Herrenberg - Rottweil / Villingendorf (58.6 km, four lanes)

The following projects were opened to traffic on the route originally planned as A 81:

1980: Schänzlebrücke in Konstanz (0.5 km, four lanes)
1984: AK Hegau - Radolfzell (12.3 km, four lanes, dedicated as B 33)
1990: AS Radolfzell - AS Allensbach-West (5.0 km, four lanes, dedicated as B 33)
2000: Rhine bridge - state border D / CH (0.7 km, four lanes, dedicated as B 33)
2007: Rhine bridge - state border D / CH (0.6 km, four lanes, dedicated as B 33)

literature

Klaus Schefold, Alois Neher (Ed.): 50 years of motorways in Baden-Württemberg. A documentation. On behalf of the Autobahn Office Baden-Württemberg. Baden-Württemberg motorway office, Stuttgart 1986.
The Federal Minister of Transport. The Minister for Economy, Medium-Sized Enterprises and Transport Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): Federal motorway A 81 Stuttgart - Singen. Minister for Economics, Medium-Sized Enterprises and Transport Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 1978.
State Office for Roads Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): Federal motorway A 81 Hilzingen - Gottmadingen. Weka-Verlag, Kissing 1990.

Web links

Commons : Bundesautobahn 81 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Route control system A81 Leonberg to Mundelsheim

↑ Lots of going on from Spätzle-Highway , nq-online from September 8, 2008, accessed on July 17, 2016

↑ Manual road traffic census 2010 ( memento from July 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Federal Highway Research Institute, accessed on July 17, 2016

↑ Hans Georg Frank: Hobby researcher fights for the last original section of the Reichsautobahn. In: Südwest Presse from April 23, 2003

↑ Wolfgang Seybold: The “Star of Rio” also shines in the Bottwartal In: Heilbronner Voice of January 13, 2006

↑ Christian Kempf: In Rio the story of the egg layers is lost ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Stuttgarter Nachrichten of September 7, 2011@1@ 2

↑ http://www.autobahn-online.de/ehem/a81.html

↑ Information on autobahn-online.de

↑ Ulrike Bäuerlein: The background to the A 81 decision: Why the speed limit is coming. Südkurier , November 8, 2017, accessed on the same day.

^ Pia Reiser: Illegal races on A 81: No agreement in the state parliament . swp.de, October 26, 2017

↑ Preliminary draft for a motor vehicle road network in Germany - top network

^ Reichsautobahnen 1935. Retrieved November 30, 2014 (image file).

↑ Network map of the Reichsautobahn, status December 31, 1935. Accessed on November 15, 2014 (map).

^ Network map of the Reichsautobahn 1938. Retrieved on March 31, 2013 (map).

↑ Motorway overview map, status 1940. Retrieved on March 31, 2013 (map).

↑ Motorway overview map, status January 1, 1941. Accessed on November 13, 2014 (map).

↑ Motorway overview map, as of May 1, 1941. Retrieved on November 13, 2014 (map).

↑ Bundesgesetzblatt, 1957, Part I, p. 1189

↑ Expansion plan for the federal trunk roads. Prepared by the Federal Minister of Transport. Bundesdruckerei, Bonn 1957, Annex 1

↑ Bundestag printed paper VI / 2105, pp. 12 to 18 (Annex 2, Federal Motorway Network as of April 1962, December 31, 1963, January 1, 1965, December 31, 1965, December 31, 1966, December 31, 1967, December 31, 1963, December 1968, December 31, 1969)

^ ADAC travel map Germany western and middle part 1: 1000000 - annual edition of the ADAC to its members 1966

↑ Bundestag printed paper VI / 2105, pp. 12 and 13 (Annex 2, network of federal motorways as of December 31, 1968, December 31, 1969)

↑ Bundestag printed paper VI / 2105, p. 11 (Annex 2, network of federal motorways as of October 1, 1970)

↑ Federal Law Gazette 1971, Part I, p. 873

↑ Construction work on federal trunk roads in 1972. Expansion of federal trunk roads from 1971 to 1985. Annex to the road construction report 1972. Federal Minister of Transport, Road Construction Department, accessed on March 31, 2013 (map excerpt).

↑ Construction work on federal trunk roads in 1972. Expansion of federal trunk roads from 1971 to 1985. Annex to the road construction report 1972. Federal Minister of Transport, Road Construction Department, accessed on March 31, 2013 (map excerpt).

↑ Construction work on federal trunk roads in 1972. Expansion of federal trunk roads from 1971 to 1985. Annex to the road construction report 1972. Federal Minister of Transport, Road Construction Department, accessed on March 31, 2013 (map excerpt).

^ Structure and numbering of the federal motorways. Planned overall network. Federal Minister of Transport, Road Construction Department, June 15, 1974, accessed on September 18, 2013 (map excerpt).

↑ Network of federal motorways and federal highways. Status January 1, 1976. Federal Minister of Transport, Road Construction Department, accessed on March 31, 2013 (map excerpt).

↑ Federal Law Gazette, 1976, Part I, p. 2093

↑ Information from the Federal Government: Road construction report 1978. Bundestag, 8th electoral period, Bundestag printed matter 8/3116, August 15, 1979, p. 20

↑ Information from the Federal Government: Road Construction Report 1979. Bundestag, 8th electoral period, Bundestag printed paper 8/4129, May 27, 1980, p. 20

↑ Information from the Federal Government: Road Construction Report 1980. Bundestag, 9th electoral period, Bundestag printed matter 9/812, September 15, 1981, p. 27

↑ Federal Law Gazette 1980, Part I, p. 1614

^ Federal Law Gazette 1986, Part I, p. 557

↑ Federal Law Gazette 1993, Part I, p. 1877

↑ Federal Law Gazette 2004, Part I, p. 2574

↑ Major construction site aggravates the traffic jam on the A81

↑ A-81 section inaugurated

↑ http://www.stuttgarter-nachrichten.de/inhalt.boeblingen-und-sindelfingen-hohe-huerde-fuer-a-81-deckel-haben.d2f5bd60-c961-448b-958d-f7fa501856f9.html

↑ Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development: New construction and expansion of federal motorways in accordance with the requirement plan for the federal highways, serial no. 81/1 and 81/2 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective . Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.1 MB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bmvbs.de

↑ Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development: A 81, six-lane extension between Böblingen / Hulb and Sindelfingen-Ost , No. 197/2009 ( Memento from January 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive )

^ Federal approval for the expansion of the A 81 . ( baden-wuerttemberg.de [accessed on August 10, 2017]).

↑ A 81 Sindelfingen - Böblingen. Retrieved August 10, 2017 .

↑ Stuttgarter Nachrichten, Stuttgart, Germany: Expansion of the A 81: District wants to prevent traffic chaos . In: stuttgarter-nachrichten.de . ( stuttgarter-nachrichten.de [accessed on August 10, 2017]).

↑ Feasibility study for A-81 expansion . In: Gäubote . December 27, 2017, p. 21 ( online ).

↑ Regional Council Stuttgart. Retrieved July 4, 2019 .

↑ Gottmadingen community: [1] (PDF; 28 kB)

↑ List of BVWP 2015 - lists of prioritization results ( memento of November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Baden-Württemberg, registration list according to prioritization (PDF file)

[2] rom summer 2013

[1] Route control system A81 Leonberg to Mundelsheim

[3] Lots of going on from Spätzle-Highway , nq-online from September 8, 2008, accessed on July 17, 2016

[4] Manual road traffic census 2010 ( memento from July 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Federal Highway Research Institute, accessed on July 17, 2016

[5] Hans Georg Frank: Hobby researcher fights for the last original section of the Reichsautobahn. In: Südwest Presse from April 23, 2003

[6] Wolfgang Seybold: The “Star of Rio” also shines in the Bottwartal In: Heilbronner Voice of January 13, 2006