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Coat of arms of the local community Guckheim
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Coordinates: 50 ° 32 '  N , 7 ° 57'  E

Basic data
State : Rhineland-Palatinate
County : Westerwaldkreis
Association municipality : Westerburg
Height : 335 m above sea level NHN
Area : 3.77 km 2
Residents: 939 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 249 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 56459
Area code : 06435
License plate : WW
Community key : 07 1 43 228
LOCODE : DE GCK
Community structure: 2 districts
Association administration address: Neumarkt 1
56457 Westerburg
Website : www.guckheim.com
Local Mayor : Benjamin Becker
Location of the local community Guckheim in the Westerwaldkreis
map

Guckheim is a municipality in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the community of Westerburg .

geography

Guckheim is in the low mountain range of the Westerwald about 330  m above sea level. NHN . Both Elbbach and the confluent Otterbach flow directly past Guckheim.

and display information about the image
View of the town of Guckheim, on the left the eponymous district of Guckheim, on the right Wörsdorf (June 2011)

Template: Panorama / Maintenance / Para4

geology

Clay mining in the immediate vicinity, June 2011

As a legacy of a sea from the time period of Devon have clay deposits deposited that are broken down in the nearest your location for decades. After the mining areas have been cleared, i.e. after the mining of exploitable clay deposits, the areas are recultivated. The typical side effects of clay degradation, such as the loss of surface vegetation as well as the visual destruction of the landscape and a recultivation that is perceived as inadequate, have been the subject of controversial discussion in the Guckheim public for years.

Guckheim was part of the Westerwald lignite area , a mining area in which lignite was extracted from the 16th to the 20th century . The lignite was found in the Franziska mine ( 50 ° 31 ′ 54.5 ″  N , 7 ° 57 ′ 12.8 ″  E ) between 1746 (first documented mention) and 1847 from a 1.5 to 2.10 meter thick seam mined at a depth of 10 meters. The so-called “Berghaus” at the entrance to the village is still a relic from that time. In the past, a small amount of basalt was mined in the immediate vicinity (until 1928).

natural reserve

Hasenwiese nature reserve

Around 95 percent of the built-up townscape of Guckheim belongs to the Secker Weiher - Wiesensee landscape protection area (area number 07-LSG-7143-017). Landscape protection areas are designated according to Section 20 of the State Nature Conservation Act to preserve the natural diversity, uniqueness and beauty of the landscape .

The approximately 4.0 ha Hasenwiese is the smallest nature reserve in the Westerwaldkreis .

Local division

Guckheim consists of the districts of Wörsdorf and Guckheim. In 1823 Johann Andreas Demian listed Guckheim and Wörsdorf as two independent villages in his handbook of geography and statistics of the Duchy of Nassau .

and display information about the image
View along the main street, on the right the eponymous district of Guckheim, on the left Wörsdorf (June 2011)

Template: Panorama / Maintenance / Para4

Only a few years later, Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich wrote in 1827 about two villages that form one community. Since then, both places have grown together to form today's closed community. Nonetheless, the original division has remained in usage. Older people from Guckheim still use the terms “Guggemer” and “Werschdörfer” to differentiate between residents. The old place name “Wörsdorf” continues to be used as a place part name on geographic maps.

history

Settlement and origin of the place names

Extract from the Nassovia Comitatus , copper engraving, engraved by Salomon Rogiers, published by Willem Blaeu , probably 1641

There are various theories and references to the origin of the place name Guckheim .

A first settlement probably took place in the 4th to 6th century AD with the penetration of the Chatti (Hesse) into the Westerwald. At this time, the settlements of the time of the conquest with the ending -ingen and -heim emerged .

Place names that end in -heim or -em originally developed from individual farmsteads, while settlements with the final syllable -dorf (Wersdorf, Wirsdorf, Wörsdorf) indicate collections of such farmsteads.

The West Germanic "guggjon" (guard, watch) designates a place of special esteem and position and could also have been eponymous. This would indicate a settlement from 380 BC. When the Teutons from the east and from the Siegtal invaded the upper Westerwald.

The name Guckheim can also come from the Carolingian period (750–900). Old names for Guckheim, such as "Cochem", "Gocheim" and the dialect "Guggem", which is still used today, point to this settlement era. Place names often refer to the first settler who could have had a "coc, coch, goch, guco, gogo" in the name.

Since it was first mentioned in a document, other names can be identified from various sources: 1299 Gocheim, 1305 Gucheym, 1334 Gucheim, 1441 Kochem, 1534 Jockheim, 1539 and 1786 Guckheim, 1584 Gockumb, 1599 Gockheim. The different spellings of the place name, which have been proven over the centuries, are not due to renaming, but probably arose due to incorrect reproduction by non-local scholars or travelers.

When excavating the foundations of the new Mother of God Chapel on the Rothenberg, a layer of earth approx. 2.50 m high was removed. Under the foundations of the previous building, a layer of pottery was found about 5 centimeters thick and about 4 to 5 square meters in size, which, according to studies, dates back to 1000 AD. Presumably there was a cult site on the Rothenberg around the turn of the millennium.

There is no standardized spelling for the Rothenberg. In current maps, the Rothenberg is also partially listed as the Roterberg. In dialect it is called Ruurebersch (Roterberg).

Document mentions

Remains of the structures in the Römmel basalt quarry; the basalt mining was stopped in 1928

In records of possessions of the Seligenstatt monastery from the years 1213-1215, the place name Wörsdorf is listed twice. The records contain text fragments ... in Wyrßdorff ... and ... Item Diderich of Wyrßdorff ... .

The first mention of Wörsdorf from September 25, 1285 states that the abbot of the monastery of St. Pantaleon in Cologne of the Order of St. Benedict as the pope bestelltem Conservator of Privilegion of the Teutonic Order is about Count Otto von Nassau and his son Henry as well as their helper Heinrich von Wörsdorf complained to announce the excommunication against them after a previous warning.

Further mentions of Wörsdorf date from the years 1315, 1346 and 1525.

The knight Ludwig Scherre von Waldmannshausen donated an eternal light to the monastery church in Seligenstatt from his estates here in 1315 and the Rödel von Reifenberg are enfeoffed with a good here by Molsberg in 1346.

… Wirsdorf, where the lords of Westerburg, those of Ottenstein, Reifenberg, Brambach and Riedesel owned farms in 1525.

Guckheim was first mentioned in 1299:

December 14, 1299 Elisabeth called von Dorndorf (Dorndorf). Ww. Of the knight Heinrich von Sottenbach, donates all of her movable (bona mea mobilia, utensilia affernalia) and immovable property in the villages and districts of Stenbach (Steinbach), Dorringdorf (Dorndorf) Hausen, Vridekobin (Frickhofen), Gocheim (Guckheim) and Wermolderode (Willmenrod) at farmsteads, houses, courtyards, gardens, meadows, pastures, forests, fisheries, interest income or other things the abbess and the convent of nuns in Gnadenthal (in valle gracie) for the welfare of her soul and that of her parents and all her ancestors the mayor, aldermen and other villagers and transfers the goods to the monastery as property for the attention of its procurator. - Sgg. of Count Gerhard von Diez of Gottfried called im Hof ​​(in Curia), Friedrich called Stayl and Hiltwin von Elkershausen, knight. - Actum et d. 1299 in crastino beate virginis (Lucie). 19 January calendar

The following record is listed in the Nassau Annals :

1299 Gocheim, the von Piesport had a farm in 1735. Goods came here from Elisabeth von Dorndorf, widow of Sottenbach, in 1299 to Gnadenthal Abbey, in 1305 to the Ritz von Dehrn and in 1334 to that of Schönborn. The von Mudersbach family had meadows here, which came to the von Walderdorf family via the von Brambach in 1694. Leiningen-Westerburg owned the mill in 1511 and still in 1786. A lignite mine was in operation here in 1746.

The Guckheimer Mühle is mentioned in a document for the first time in 1511. It was in operation until 1980.

History up to modern times

Residential house from 1729, location Elbbachstrasse 19. Building is a listed building
Residential house from the first half of the 18th century, location Elbbachstrasse 18. Building is a listed building

Since the 13th century the place belonged to the County of Diez . From 1490 Guckheim is counted together with Wörsdorf (Wersdorf) to the Salzer Zech. (Derived from booze, umzechen, go after the drink, change, hold umzech = do one after the other (village services))

On July 27, 1564, Guckheim and the parishes of Salz , Meudt , Nentershausen and Hundsangen fell to the Electorate of Trier and thus to the Montabaur office through the Diezer Treaty .

The Thirty Years' War also left its mark on Guckheim. In 1666 there were only family names in Guckheim: Göbel, Fasel and Gleser. In Wörsdorf the following can still be identified: Kiep, Schumacher, Born, New (Neu), Fritz, Zeis, Göbel and Fasel. Oral tradition has it that, during the war years, residents were tortured in the Guckheim district opposite the village cross.

From 1748 onwards, regular school lessons take place in Guckheim for the first time, which are held alternately in different houses of the residents. With the appointment of the teacher Matthias Fasel from Wörsdorf, lessons began in 1820 in a classroom rented by the community in the so-called Perersch House . At the instruction of the Ducal Nassau state government, Matthias Fasel begins the Guckheim school chronicle. In 1832 the municipality passed a resolution to build a school building, which was inaugurated on November 4, 1833.

In the years 1841, 1842 and 1846, a typhus epidemic in Guckheim and some neighboring towns left several dead. According to reports by Med.-Rath Dehne , a total of 40 people in Guckheim and Wörsdorf were infected with the disease from August to January 1842.

Development of the population

Exact population figures of Guckheim are only available since 1787. Up to the end of the 18th century , only information on fireplaces (houses / properties) or families was collected. Reliable figures on population development have only been available since 1525.

In 1525 seven fireplaces are counted, for 1562 the service register of the Grafschaft Diez names seven names (families) for Wörsdorf. A year later there are eight fireplaces.

year Residents year Residents
1787 244 1973 645
1818 277 1978 721
1840 338 1983 744
1905 362 1989 805
1939 471 1993 881
1950 472 1997 933

In 1589 seven servants from Trier and one Vogtmann are listed, including the residents of both districts. In comparison, the number of inhabitants did not increase significantly up to 1653, as the Thirty Years' War did not remain without effects in Guckheim. There are eight families in Wörsdorf and two families in Guckheim. In 1684 nine fireplaces for Wörsdorf and four fireplaces for Guckheim are mentioned.

In 1823 a total of 271 inhabitants are given for Guckheim and Wörsdorf. In 1843 77 families with a total of 338 exclusively Catholic "souls" lived in 59 houses.

The Second World War also left its mark. There are also losses among the people of Guckheim. The number of inhabitants differs only insignificantly in the comparison years 1939 and 1950.

politics

Municipal council

The council in Guckheim consists of twelve council members, who in the local elections on May 26, 2019 in a majority vote were elected, and the honorary mayor as chairman.

mayor

Benjamin Becker became mayor of Guckheim on August 9, 2019. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was elected for five years with 91.81% of the vote.

Becker's predecessor as local mayor was Kurt Jung.

Culture

Dialect / vernacular

Standard German Guckheimer Platt
(Moselle Franconian)
it's raining et reent
it is raining heavily et gossip
it is raining lightly et fissures
it's snowing et snorts
it is snowing heavily et woost

The dialect spoken in Guckheim belongs to the Moselle-Franconian dialect group.

The Moselle Franconian dialect as an everyday language is on the decline and is often no longer mastered by younger people.

The changed social living conditions are also causing a large part of the dialect to die out. So z. B. the varied dialect names of different weather conditions are used less and less due to the retreat of the weather-dependent agriculture and the correspondingly differentiating peasant language.

Buildings

St. Johannes Church in Guckheim, inauguration June 16, 1963, building is a listed building. Architect: Hans Busch, Frankfurt / Main

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

  • Guckheim is served by the regional buses on line 116 (Montabaur Konrad-Adenauer-Platz - Montabaur train station / FOM - Guckheim - Westerburg train station).
  • The closest connection to rail traffic is Westerburg station, here the regional train line 90 (Limburg (Lahn) - Diez Ost - Westerburg - Hachenburg - Altenkirchen - Au (Sieg) - Wissen (Sieg) - Siegen) runs according to the Rhineland-Palatinate cycle every hour.
  • The tariff of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Mosel (VRM) has also applied in the Westerwaldkreis since January 1, 2017.
  • The federal freeway 3 / E 35 can be reached via the (Diez / Nentershausen exit), the federal highways 8 and 255 also provide a good transport infrastructure.

Sights / local recreation

Forest near Guckheim

Guckheim is framed by deciduous and fir forests. The educational trail for forest and ornithology on the Rothenberg and the nearby ruins of the Weltersburg , built after 1100 , which can be reached on foot from Guckheim, deserve special mention . The Elbbach flows directly past Guckheim to the Lahn . A mill was operated with its water power in the past centuries. Westerburg Castle, first mentioned in a document in 1192, is about 5 km away . Furthermore, approx. 10 km away between Pottum and Stahlhofen, the approx. 450 m high and approx. 80 hectare large Wiesensee with its leisure activities can be found.

Approx. 750 m as the crow flies from Guckheim, an approximately 11 km long, popular hiking trail leads from the direction of Wallmerod to the former train station area in Westerburg . The trail, which is also used by cyclists and skaters should, km in the next few years by another 10 to 20 toward Höhn / Rennerod about the under monument protection standing sleeve Viaduct in Westerburg be extended.

literature

Web links

Commons : Guckheim  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Carl Friedrich Zincken, The Progress of the Geology of Tertiärkohle, Chalkkohle, Jurakohle and Triaskohle, 1878, p. 69.
  3. ↑ Max Krahmann, Journal of Practical Geology, 1908, S. 231st
  4. ^ Lignite mining in the Oberwesterwald
  5. ↑ The landscape protection area in the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration, LANIS, link to LANIS
  6. ↑ The Hasenwiese in the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration, LANIS, link to LANIS
  7. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 [ Version 2020 is available. ] . S. 81 (PDF; 3 MB).
  8. ^ A b Johann Andreas Demian, Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Duchy of Nassau, Mainz 1823, p. 227.
  9. ^ Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich, Latest customer from Baden, Nassau, Hohenzollern etc., Weimar 1827, p. 346.
  10. ^ Hellmuth Gensicke, Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes, Wiesbaden 1958.
  11. ^ Henning Kaufmann, Grundfragen der Namenkunde, Edition 3, 1959, p. 275.
  12. ^ Nassauische Annalen , yearbook of the association for Nassau antiquity and historical research, 1952 edition, 63rd volume, p. 324.
  13. ↑ Glossary, compiled by Regina Keyler, in: serial sources in south-west German archives. A handout for users of southwest German archives, ed. by Christian Keitel and Regina Keyler, Serial Sources in Southwest German Archives ( Memento from October 11, 2004 in the Internet Archive ), as of March 2005.
  14. ↑ Information is largely based on research by Manfred Schaaf, Hainburg / Bilkheim.
  15. ↑ Dr. JB v. Franque et al., Medicinische Jahrbücher for the Duchy of Nassau, Wiesbaden 1854, p. 242 u. 260.
  16. ^ Christian Daniel Vogel , Description of the Duchy of Nassau, Wiesbaden 1843, p. 738.
  17. ↑ Barbara Krekel; Guckheim, history and stories from a Westerwald village, publisher: local community Guckheim.
  18. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
  19. ↑ a b Minutes of the constituent meeting on August 9, 2019. In: Wäller Wochenspiegel - Anzeiger for the Verbandsgemeinde Westerburg, edition 35/2019. Linus Wittich Medien GmbH, accessed on July 11, 2020 .
  20. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Westerburg, Verbandsgemeinde, ninth line of results. Retrieved July 11, 2020 .