Heringsdorf
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Coordinates: 53 ° 57 ' N , 14 ° 10' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | |
| County : | Vorpommern-Greifswald | |
| Height : | 7 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 37.66 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 8496 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 226 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 17419 , 17424 , 17429 | |
| Area code : | 038378 | |
| License plate : | VG, ANK, GW, PW, SBG, UEM, WLG | |
| Community key : | 13 0 75 049 | |
| Community structure: | 8 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Kurparkstrasse 4 17419 Seebad Ahlbeck |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayoress : | Laura Isabelle Marisken (independent) | |
| Location of the municipality of Heringsdorf in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district | ||
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The Ostseebad Heringsdorf is an official municipality and a seaside resort on the island of Usedom in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald ( Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ). It was created in 2005 through the merger of the communities of Ahlbeck , Heringsdorf and Bansin , and together with Swinoujscie in Poland forms the focus of tourism in the east of Usedom.
The neighboring seaside resorts of Ahlbeck, Heringsdorf and Bansin grew together in the course of time so that they were also referred to as "The Three Sisters" in the 20th century. You are connected to Swinoujscie via a twelve-kilometer long beach promenade .
The fine, on average 40 m wide sandy beach stretches a total of 42 km from Swinemünde over the Baltic Sea resort of Heringsdorf with its districts Ahlbeck, Heringsdorf and Bansin, to Peenemünde .
The "imperial baths" are characterized by attractive ensembles of bath architecture , which often accommodate hotels and holiday apartments . In the village centers of the districts and often a bit away from the Baltic Sea coast, old and new traditional thatched roof houses are common.
In 2015, the Heringsdorf spa and medicinal forest, the first spa and medicinal forest in Europe, was inaugurated.
geography
location
The municipality of Ostseebad Heringsdorf is located in the east of the island of Usedom on the border with the Polish part of the island, between the Baltic Sea in the northeast, the Schmollensee and Gothensee in the southwest and the Wolgastsee in the south. The geography of the three places is determined by their location between the Baltic Sea and the lakes. The built-up districts are at a height of about 6 m above sea level. NHN .
Heringsdorf forms a basic center for its surroundings . The equipment of the neighboring city of Swinoujscie is like a medium-sized center .
North of Bansin is a 600 hectare mixed forest area with the three elevations Langer Berg and Platter Berg , each 54 m above sea level. NHN and the Schäferberg at 41 m above sea level. NHN . The Presidential Mountain rises 45 m above sea level southwest of Heringsdorf . NHN in an approximately 225 hectare mixed forest. Between the southern municipal border on Wolgastsee, the state border with Poland and the Baltic Sea, there is another mixed and coniferous forest area of 550 hectares with the highest elevation in the municipality, the Zirowberg at 60 m above sea level. NHN . Directly south of the village of Ahlbeck there is a 110 hectare wet meadow area with a height of 0.1 m above sea level. NHN , which is drained from the Beek into the Gothensee.
Community structure
The following districts and living spaces belong to the municipality:
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history
Heringsdorf
Foundation phase
With the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Vorpommern and thus also the municipality came under Swedish rule, after it had previously belonged to the Duchy of Pomerania . After the Treaty of Stockholm on February 1, 1720, the island of Usedom became Prussian property. After the administrative reform in 1818, the area came to the Prussian province of Pomerania and from 1818 to 1945 belonged to the district of Usedom-Wollin .
Georg Bernhard von Bülow (1768–1854) and his brother had acquired the Gothen manor, whose lands stretched as far as the Baltic Sea, from the bankruptcy estate of the Mellenthin estate in 1817 . In 1818 he had a small fishing settlement with a herring packing plant built between Ahlbeck and Bansin. In 1820 King Friedrich Wilhelm III visited Swinoujscie and was referred to this fishing settlement. He then visited the place with his sons. According to legend, which can no longer be traced precisely, von Bülow is said to have asked the king for a name for the settlement. The Crown Prince and later King Friedrich Wilhelm IV suggested the name "Heringsdorf". Willibald Alexis is also mentioned as the founder of Heringsdorf , whose real name Häring lives on in the place name.
By clearing the forest near the coast, an attractive view of the Baltic Sea opened up. From 1818 on, Bülow had about 50 acres of his land parceled out. In addition to the fishing colony, plots of land were sold for the construction of representative villas, primarily to aristocrats and wealthy Berliners, among whom were many Jewish families. Georg Bernhard von Bülow himself had three lodging houses, a community house and a warm bath built. Bathing began in 1825 with the opening of what is now known as the White Castle as the first guest accommodation on the Kulm , a sandy elevation above the coast. Bülow also had the seaside resort built.
Bloom as a seaside resort
Prominent homeowners in the first half of the 19th century included the writer Willibald Alexis , the actor Eduard Devrient and the legal historian Clemens Klenze . Heinrich Laube wrote in his Neue Reisenovellen in 1837 : “This small seaside resort welcomes those looking for peace and quiet, there is no social building here, no actual season, the sea, unlike Swinoujscie, is close by, poets who do not need a moving world, who are half lonely looking for, ... resigned girls, ... professor women with many families who need a lake wash, dieters with strong principles and other honest people, all in a word who do not want to swim in Swinoujscie or anywhere else in Häringsdorf. ” In 1846 the draftsman Wilhelmine Auguste von Schack published an album with twelve views of Heringsdorf drawn from nature , which were lithographed by Schirmer's student Julius Henning and which were widely distributed.
In 1848 the place got its own church . In 1851 Georg Bernhard von Bülow sold his 800 hectare property to Louis von Treskow (1799-1865). After he had invested in the infrastructure and expansion of the bathing establishment, he sold it to Hermann Weichbrodt in 1856, from whom the Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode bought Gothen with Heringsdorf from the Peterswaldau house in 1859 . A high point of tourism was the stay of the Prussian Crown Princess Victoria with three of her children in the White Palace in 1866 , which her husband, Crown Prince Friedrich, joined. Since the widowed Countess Stolberg-Wernigerode wanted to use her house herself the following year, the royal family turned away from Heringsdorf for almost three decades.
In 1868 the Heringsdorfer Badedirektion received permission to levy a visitor's tax . In 1871 the brothers Hugo and Adelbert Delbrück acquired almost 800 acres of forest and dune area on the beach as well as several houses from the Stolberg inheritance. In 1872 they founded the joint stock company Seebad Heringsdorf, which in the following years ensured that Heringsdorf was transformed into an exclusive seaside resort. Until then, bathers came mainly from the middle class, but the place has now developed into a center of attraction for political and social leaders. As a dominant feature of the seaside resort, the hotel "Atlantic" was built in various construction phases from 1871 to 1903, which was renamed " Kaiserhof Atlantic " a. a. be run by the Berlin company Kempinski and should receive the status of an official spa house. In addition to numerous other guesthouses and hotels and a casino, a women's, men's and family bathing establishment were also built. But there were also communal buildings, such as the water supply for the entire town and later a separate power station.
Until the introduction of the “district order for the six eastern Prussian provinces”, the respective squire von Gothen exercised police power over Heringsdorf. When the district of Usedom-Wollin was redistributed until 1874, the Heringsdorf district was formed.
The Heringsdorf AG was from 1891 to 1893, the Kaiser Wilhelm Bridge with first 400 m long pier building, which was extended in 1903 m to nearly 500th In 1894 the Ducherow – Swinoujscie was extended to Heringsdorf. Werner Delbrück , who moved into the board of Heringsdorf AG for his father Hugo in 1899, established the appearance of the seaside resort as a meeting place for the " high society " and as a classy, trendy pool . 15 tennis courts were built on which international tournaments were also held. From 1906 horse races were even held on its own racetrack. With the 41 m high Bismarck Tower on the Presidential Mountain, the town received another landmark in 1905. With Delbrück's death in 1910 and the First World War , the successful times of Heringsdorf AG came to an end. In 1921, the AG's real estate was sold to the Heringsdorf community.
Interwar period (1918–1939)
Heringsdorf remained a seaside resort for the upper class even after the end of the First World War and the German Empire, although the number of visitors initially declined. The guests came mainly from high finance circles , especially Jewish. In 1927, a brine source was tapped with a 400 m deep borehole . In 1927 Heringsdorf was rated as the German Baltic seaside resort with the most foreign guests.
After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, the Social Democratic Mayor Walter Haefke was deposed. A thing site was set up near the racetrack . While in the 1920s in the neighboring seaside resorts of Ahlbeck and Bansin the anti-Semitism increased more and more, Heringsdorf was still considered "Jew-friendly" until the mid-1930s. After the district administrator Helmut Flörke ( NSDAP ) had proposed that Heringsdorf be declared a "Judenbad", the municipal council decided on June 21, 1935, "that Jews are undesirable in the Heringsdorf seaside resort". In the spa regulations they were forbidden to bathe inside and outside the bathing establishments. Finally, on September 16, 1935, the community representatives decided not to list Jewish hotels and pensions in the spa prospectus or in the apartment directory.
1945–1990
Shortly before the end of the Second World War , the island of Usedom was occupied by the Red Army on May 4, 1945 . The Soviet local commander Nazarow had the entire inner and promenade area of Heringsdorf cordoned off and 41 houses requisitioned in order to set up a sanatorium for Soviet army officers here on the orders of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD). In 1946 the beach casino burned down. In its place the culture house with 750 seats in the theater hall was built by 1948. In memory of the writer Maxim Gorki , who was in Heringsdorf for a spa stay in 1922, the building was designed as a memorial. In 1950 the sanatorium was closed and handed over to the GDR , which designated Heringsdorf as the “bathing place for the working people”. The 40 or so hotels and pensions that were handed over were taken over as holiday homes by the FDGB , the health service, ministries, the Central Committee of the SED, social organizations and state- owned companies . The centrally located hotel "Atlantic" with the attached warm and brine bath was taken over by the FDGB holiday service in 1951 after an interim use as a hospital and renamed as the house "Solidarity" and reopened. This marked the beginning of the development of state-controlled tourist traffic in Heringsdorf as one of the first seaside resorts "for the working population, for international tourist exchanges and for guests of the World Trade Union Federation".
From 1945 to 1952 the part of the district of Usedom-Wollin that belonged to Germany after the Potsdam Agreement formed the new district of Usedom, which in 1952 became the district of Wolgast in the Rostock district following the regional reform . This year, more than 29,000 vacationers stayed in the Baltic Sea resort of Heringsdorf. The high proportion of privately operated hotels, restaurants and craft businesses prevailing in the region led to a wave of expropriations in February 1953 as part of a political orientation of the course on “creating socialist production conditions” for the “Coast Holiday Campaign” - later also referred to as “ Aktion Rose ” , which was directed against hotel owners, entrepreneurs and also the local beach chair manufacturer Harder. Several Heringsdorf hotel and guesthouse owners were expropriated as part of the “Rose Action”. For the Wolgast district, the action was led from the recreation home of the People's Police in Heringsdorf, where around 80 police officers were brought together for this purpose. The resulting expanded capacities of the holiday service, contractual occupancy regulations with small private landlords and the beginning of the spa industry led to an increase in the number of holidaymakers by almost double in the coming years. New forms of organization, the inclusion of the surrounding area in the provision of the guests and ways to better qualify the staff had to be found. Individual houses were gradually renovated, new gastronomic standards introduced and gradually converted to year-round use. The community also endeavored to beautify the area, above all to repair the damaged pier. As a result of an arson in June 1958, however, the entrance pavilion has now been completely destroyed. From 1961 onwards, the reconstruction of the plant was completely stopped and the remaining stocks were left to decay. In the years that followed, further improvements to the recreational system were initiated. Several houses that can be used all year round were handed over to their destination, a hospital, a polyclinic, a service combine and the "Menuko frozen food" business improved the care of holidaymakers. The training of the necessary personnel was established in the village and on the initiative of the renowned scientist Manfred von Ardenne , Heringsdorf received its own observatory. In 1974, the Baltic Sea resort of Heringsdorf was awarded the title of "State Recognized Resort". However, even at this time, the planning specifications of the government and the trade union federation for capacity expansion missed the reality in numerous cases, especially the available resources and long-term investments. The FDGB home “Solidarity” had to be demolished in 1979 after its structural deterioration. With this, a clear landmark of the so-called spa architecture disappeared from the cityscape of Heringsdorf. In its place was the holiday home of the same name, consisting of two ten-story prefabricated buildings , which opened its doors in 1984 and has dominated the townscape ever since.
Since the turn of 1990
The community has belonged to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania since 1990 . From 1991 the town center was extensively renovated with the help of urban development funding. This marked the beginning of an unprecedented phase of reconstruction, construction and value preservation in Heringsdorf, which was aimed at raising the place back to one of the highest-ranking places in the seaside resorts in the Baltic Sea region. Above all, it was necessary to adapt the necessary new buildings to the architectural style of earlier epochs, to allow architectural highlights to come into their own and to preserve the Wilhelmine spa architecture, the actual urban face of Heringsdorf, as a complex. In 1995 the pier could be put back into operation. The complex of the former cultural center was redesigned as the “Forum Usedom” with an emperor hotel, ballroom and casino. As early as 2002, the statistics of the seaside resort Heringsdorf counted 3,525 inhabitants, 6,148 beds, 158,722 guests and 898,742 overnight stays.
On January 1, 2005, the three Baltic seaside resorts Ahlbeck , Heringsdorf and Bansin merged to form the municipality of "Dreikaiserbäder". On January 1, 2006, the community was renamed Ostseebad Heringsdorf .
From 1994 to 2011 the municipality of Heringsdorf belonged to the district of Ostvorpommern , which was added to the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald on September 4, 2011 .
Ahlbeck
Ahlbeck was first officially called "Ahlebeck" in 1693. Ahlbeck derives its name from the Aal-Beeke (Aalbach, today Beek), which connected the Gothensee and the Thurbruch through the later silted up Parchensee with the Baltic Sea. There was an eel crate near the mouth, which is included with the creek in the Lubin map of 1618.
Bansin
Bansin was first mentioned in documents in 1256 as “Banzin” (Klempin) and “Banzino” (PUB II No. 630). In the document, Duke Barnim I attests to the exchange of the Grobe monastery from a village in the Land of Usedom with one in the Land of Lassan. An earlier mention of the place comes from the year 1111 as "Banzyno" in the registers or annals of the monastery of Grobe / Pudagla. The year 1111 is so far not plausible, the register of the monastery was only created during the term of office of Abbot Heinrich IV. With this and two further reviews based on Niemeyer's note, the year is probably correct, but the meaning remains unclear, as no text translations of the passage in question are known to date. The name is interpreted as "Bumblebee" or "Brummer". This meant the current Bansin village. The seaside resort of Bansin was founded in 1897 especially for swimming. At that time one could already learn from the forerunners Swinoujscie, Heringsdorf and Ahlbeck and planned the place very vacationer-friendly from the beginning, z. B. by staggered villas that offer a view of the lake up to the third row.
Today the seaside resort has a closed and lavishly renovated townscape with a splendid spa architecture that has largely grown together with Heringsdorf.
Goths
Gothen was first documented in 1339 as "Chute" or "Chutem", also called "Chotum". The Slavic name is interpreted as "desire".
Since the 13th century, Gothen was, along with Mellenthin, a main estate of the noble von Neuenkirchen family based on the island of Usedom .
The place Gothen was incorporated on July 1, 1950.
Alt Sallenthin
In the area around Sallenthin, Bronze Age barrows (1800 to 600 BC) and other relics, but also a late Slavic settlement (1000 to 1200), are proven, but they are located on the municipal boundary and belong to Reetzow. But this shows the early settlement of the area.
Sallenthin, later known as Alt Sallenthin, was first mentioned in 1254 as "Salentyn". In the document, the Dukes Barnim I and Wartislaw III confirm that the Grobe monastery is swapping the village of Schlatkow in the Gützkow province with the knight Tammo for villages on Usedom, including Sallenthin. The Slavic name is interpreted with "suffering", but also with "salty water".
Until the Reformation in 1534, Sallenthin belonged to the Pudagla Monastery, which emerged from the Grobe Monastery in 1309. In 1535 the property passed to the dukes, which later became the dominal. Prussia, to which Usedom belonged after 1720, began with the settlement of these state possessions after 1800.
Sallenthin was a small street village with houses of fishermen and farmers who were dependent on the Grobe / Pudagla monastery.
In 1826 a new colony was established north of Sallenthin, that is, farms of peasant settlers, including a Dutch windmill. This village was first called Neu Sallenthin Colony, later just Neu Sallenthin. That is why the former place Sallenthin was called Alt Sallenthin from 1826.
The shape and structure have not changed since then.
New Sallenthin
The place was only created in 1818 as a smallholder colony on ceded arable land by Sallenthin. In 1826 this place got its name as the colony Neu Sallenthin, later just Neu Sallenthin. A Dutch windmill was also built, but was later replaced by a steam mill in the nearby village of Bansin. A school was also built around 1920.
In contrast to Alt Sallenthin, Neu Sallenthin continued to develop. In addition to the scattered settlement courtyards, a village location was created around 1920, which was further expanded after 1945. Today Neu Sallenthin is a compact place with a few settlements between the two Crab lakes.
In addition to agriculture, tourism is the town's predominant employer.
Sellin
A burial mound from the Bronze Age (1800 to 600 BCE) has been found northeast of Sellin, but it is modernly disturbed (plowed over).
Sellin was first mentioned in a document in 1267 as "Zelenin". With this certificate, Duke Barnim I gave the Grobe monastery the village of Sellin with all its accessories and fishing up to the Strummin (?). The Slavic place name is interpreted as "green fodder".
Sellin was a street green village on Schmollensee, with the function as a farming and fishing village. In 1835 the glassworks from the 17th century is still shown in the PUM (Prussian Urmes Tischblatt), but it is no longer in function.
The form of the village has not changed until 1920 or today.
The Großer Stein on the northern edge of the village has also been registered as a natural monument since 1920.
Living spaces
Catch
Fangel was first mentioned in 1799. It was a royal sub-forestry and was also called Schmollensee because it was between this and the large cancer lake. The name Fangel is interpreted with "coal", "angle" but also with "catch" (= fishing tower = prison).
It lost its function as a forest farm, was then a residential building with outbuildings and is now a small gastronomic facility, as a leisure and holiday complex was built near the Schmollensee.
Jägersberg
Jägersberg was first listed as a place in the register of places in 1906. At that time it only consisted of a farm, the waterworks and the forest farm Wildpark according to MTB. It is in the loop to the Heringsdorf terminus.
Today it is a large residential area that can be reached from Ahlbeck via the street at the railway depot. This residential area is relatively separated from Heringsdorf by the old train station and the new UBB depot.
Neuhof
Neuhof was first mentioned in 1618 on the Lubin map as "Ninhoff". The name is self-explanatory. In the PUM (= Preussisches Urmestischblatt) Neuhof is listed as an elongated village village, while Heringsdorf, which is close to the Baltic Sea, consisted of only two buildings. Until 1920 there was a clear separation between the seaside resort and Neuhof, the actual place of residence. The place was still recorded in the topographic map (TK 10) of the GDR from 1989, although it was already incorporated into the seaside resort.
Neuhof was incorporated into Heringsdorf on January 1, 1956.
Today only street names and the UBB station name "Heringsdorf-Neuhof" testify to the residential area, which is not considered a district.
Neukrug
Neukrug was first mentioned in a document in 1394 as "de nige Kroog". It is said to have been named as "taberne Tessentyn" and "der nige Krug" (PUB V / 2 No. 3132) as early as 1317, this document of the general confirmation by Duke Wartislaw IV. For the Pudagla monastery is considered forged, like so many other documents Monastery. 1618 "Nienkroge" is mentioned in the Lubin map. The name is self-explanatory as the Neue Krug (restaurant).
In the PUM from 1835, the small settlement northeast of Neuhof is recorded as a restaurant with four buildings and as an independent place. In 1920, according to MTB, this place was integrated into the Heringsdorf seaside resort on the promenade at the Damenbad.
Historical views
Heringsdorfer Seebrücke (formerly Kaiser Wilhelm Bridge) around 1895, burned down in 1957
Old Kurhaus from Heringsdorf around 1900, later FDGB recovery home "Solidarity", demolished during GDR times
Former family pool on the Heringsdorfer Promenade, HO beach café during GDR times (July 1956)
Bansin 1912, Strand and Langer Berg - beach chairs were already part of the typical view of the Baltic seaside resorts.
Beach life in Ahlbeck , postcard from 1907
Population development
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Status: December 31 of the respective year
The strong increase in the number of inhabitants in 2005 is due to the merger of Ahlbeck, Bansin and Heringsdorf.
politics
Community representation
The municipality of Ostseebad Heringsdorf has 21 members. The local elections on May 26, 2019 and (for comparison) on May 25, 2014 led to the following results:
| Party / list | Seats 2014 | Seats 2019 |
| CDU | 5 | 5 |
| AfD | 1 | 3 |
| HGV (Craftsmen and Trade Association) | 3 | 3 |
| InKa (Future Imperial Baths Initiative) | 3 | 3 |
| The left | 2 | 2 |
| ULV (Our Habitat Western Pomerania) | - | 1 |
| NPD | 2 | 1 |
| UWG (Independent Voting Association of Imperial Baths) | 1 | 1 |
| SPD | 1 | 1 |
| Green | - | 1 |
| BI (Ahlbeck-Heringsdorf-Bansin citizens' initiative for an unobstructed outer coast) | 3 | - |
mayor
- 2005–2012: Klaus Kottwittenborg
- 2012–2019: Lars Petersen (from 2015 CDU)
- since 2019: Laura Isabelle Marisken
Marisken was elected in the mayoral election on June 16, 2019 with 55.7% of the valid votes for a term of seven years. She took office on August 1, 2019.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In blue over three lowered silver wavy strips a golden crown."
The coat of arms and the flag were designed by the Schwerin heraldist Heinz Kippnick . It was approved together with the flag on April 15, 2008 by the Ministry of the Interior and registered under the number 318 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. |
| Reasons for the coat of arms: In the coat of arms, the three corrugated strips symbolize the once independent seaside resorts of Ahlbeck, Bansin and Heringsdorf, located on the Baltic Sea and now united in one municipality. The golden crown is intended to symbolize the beauty and elegance of these Baltic seaside resorts, as well as their outstanding development during the imperial era . |
flag
The flag is striped in blue, white and blue across the longitudinal axis of the flag cloth. The blue stripes each take up a quarter, the white stripe takes up half the length of the flag cloth. In the middle of the white stripe is the municipal coat of arms, which takes up two thirds of the height of the flag. The relation of the height of the flag cloth to the length is like 3: 5.
Official seal
The official seal shows the municipal coat of arms with the inscription "GEMEINDE OSTSEEBAD HERINGSDORF".
Coat of arms and flag of the Heringsdorf district
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Blazon : "Three silver pegs in blue."
The coat of arms was designed by the painter von Buonacorzi and introduced by the spa director Valentin von Bismarck in 1905. It was registered under number 54 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. |
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Reasons for the coat of arms: In the coat of arms, the herring symbolize the place name as a speaking symbol. At the same time they stand for the former main livelihood of the inhabitants, the herring catch. The tinging refers to the affiliation of the former municipality to the former province of Pomerania.
With the merger of the three Baltic seaside resorts, the Heringsdorf coat of arms lost its status as a national emblem on January 1, 2005. |
The flag was designed by Jürgen Ulrich from Heringsdorf and approved on March 2, 1998 by the Ministry of the Interior.
The flag is made of blue flag cloth. It is covered in the middle with the figures of the coat of arms of the former municipality of Seebad Heringsdorf: with three white pegs on stakes. The figures each take up three tenths of the length and one ninth of the height of the flag cloth. The relation of the height of the flag cloth to the length is like 3: 5.
Partnerships
There are partnerships with the cities and municipalities Beckum in North Rhine-Westphalia , Folgaria in Italy , Grodków and Tolkmicko in Poland and La Celle-Saint-Cloud in France . The Heringsdorf community continues to maintain good contacts with the island of Djerba in Tunisia and the Moroccan embassy . There is a close friendship with the neighboring Polish city of Swinoujscie , and a corresponding contract was signed in the Fisheries Museum (the former town hall) in Swinoujscie.
Sights and culture
→ See: List of architectural monuments in Heringsdorf
The districts of Heringsdorf became known in particular for their piers , the lavishly designed hotel and villa buildings in spa architecture and the continuous sandy beach.
Piers
The Adler ships run regularly between the piers on Usedom and transport passengers from seaside resort to seaside resort.
- Ahlbeck
The Ahlbeck pier was built in 1899 with a pier 280 m into the sea in Wilhelminian style and renewed in 1993, with the restoration of the historical structure. In the square in front of the pier there is an Art Nouveau clock from 1911 with garland ornamentation. The pier served as a backdrop in Loriot's film Pappa ante portas .
- Heringsdorf
The Heringsdorf pier is the longest pier in Germany at 508 meters. Construction began on March 23, 1994 and the opening took place from June 3 to 5, 1995. The original Kaiser Wilhelm Bridge was destroyed by arson in 1953 and 1958. Your “country building” houses a number of shops, a pizzeria and several apartments on the upper floor. A walkway protected from rain and storm by a glass wall leads the visitor to the pyramid-shaped "bridge building", which is illuminated at night and has space for two restaurants.
- Bansin
The pier of Bansin is a pier without land or bridge buildings, with a length of 285 m, which leads over the approx. 50 m wide sandy beach into the sea.
Bansin pier , view of the “pearl necklace” with numerous bathing villas
Resort architecture
- Ahlbeck
Ahlbeck owns well-preserved representative buildings in the style of spa architecture both on the promenade and along the Dünenstrasse, which runs parallel to the beach promenade . Since 1991, the town center with its countless pool villas has been extensively renovated with the help of urban development funding.
- Bansin
The mostly white villas from the 19th century along the beach promenade (Bergstrasse), restored after the fall of the Wall in 1990, with their typical architectural components are all hotels or holiday apartments again.
- Heringsdorf
The oldest surviving building is the Heringsdorfer 1825 as Bulow MOORISH Logierhaus , designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel built White Castle . The development of Heringsdorf with villas and utility buildings was concentrated in the first half of the 19th century around the wooded, sandy hill of the Kulm and around the area of Neukrug. Georg Bernhard von Bülow had other guest houses built on the Kulm, such as the Villa Achterkerke today , as well as a community house.
In the second half of the 19th century, renowned architects such as Hermann von der Hude and Julius Hennicke added representative historicist buildings, similar to the suburbs of Berlin villas, to the resort architecture, which had previously only been designed for summer stays .
On the beach promenade there are numerous bathing villas , which often have an eventful history behind them. In the Villa Oppenheim, for example, Lyonel Feininger resided from 1909 to 1912. Right next to it was the Villa Delbrück , which Privy Councilor Hugo Delbrück, the founder of the “Aktiengesellschaft Seebad Heringsdorf” (1872) had built. The next building, the Villa Diana , saw guests as diverse as Hans von Bleichröder, Hermann Göring and, in GDR times, the FDGB board member Harry Tisch . The Villa Augusta is only a few steps away - this is where the painter Bernard Schultze spent the summers of his childhood. In the garden of the Villa Staudt there is a bust of Kaiser Wilhelm I made by Howaldt in Braunschweig. His grandson, Kaiser Wilhelm II , was received several times for tea in the house of the consul widow Elisabeth Staudt. The Villa Oechsler , which the Berlin councilor Hermann Berthold had built in 1883 at today's Delbrückstrasse 5, is of art historical importance because of its glass mosaic by Antonio Salviati . After 1945 the Soviet occupying power had its headquarters in the villa; in the GDR era it served as a community library.
The villas off the beach promenade are also worth seeing. In 1922 Maxim Gorki tried to cure his pulmonary tuberculosis in the Villa Irmgard outside the center .
Churches
In the Baltic seaside resorts, the churches were built a little away from the center in wooded areas. The bathers should find as little as possible that reminded them of everyday life in their hometowns. The churches of Heringsdorf and Ahlbeck were built in the 19th century when tourism in the towns increased.
In Heringsdorf, the Protestant church in the woods was designed by the Schinkel student Ludwig Persius and completed as a hall church in the neo-Gothic style in 1848. The Ahlbeck Church , also a historicist hall church, was built at the instigation of the teacher and cantor Johann Koch and completed in 1895. The Bansin forest church was completed in 1939.
Church in the forest in Heringsdorf
Natural monuments
The Douglas firs, which are rare in northern Germany and which were planted as exotic trees on the Heringsdorf promenade, are registered as natural monuments. The boulder in the direction of Gothen is also one of the protected geotopes.
From the Sieben-Seen-Berg in Neu-Sallenthin there is a panoramic view of the waters ( Baltic Sea , Gothensee , Kachliner See , Großer Krebssee, Kleiner Krebssee, Schmollensee , Achterwasser and Schloonsee ). Via Sallenthin and Sellin you reach the hiking trail around the Schmollensee, which leads through wooded heights and valleys.
Border with Poland
The border with Poland has been two kilometers east of Ahlbeck since 1945 . Before 1990, the border was still provided with a triple fence and watchtower . After the fall of the Wall, a border crossing reserved for pedestrians, cyclists and coaches led to Swinoujscie until the beginning of 2007 . Since December 2007 this border crossing has been open to all traffic (except trucks). In 2011, when the promenade from Bansin to Swinoujscie was completed, a monument with ancillary facilities was opened at the former border point.
Museums
There is a railway museum in Heringsdorf station and historical railway vehicles in Ahlbeck and Heringsdorf stations. The private mussel museum and Villa Irmgard are located in Heringsdorf . It is a former guest house where Maxim Gorky spent the summer of 1922, along with other prominent guests . The villa was set up as a local museum and memorial for Gorky. It is also used for events such as concerts and readings.
In Bansin, the former fire station was converted into the Hans-Werner-Richter-Haus . This contains the furnishings from Richter 's former study. Carola Stern is also remembered in this building with her work space. An event room on the upper floor is known as the Günter Grass room because it is furnished with graphic works by the Nobel Prize winner for literature, writer, painter and sculptor Günter Grass , which was owned by Richter.
Art and theater
The Heringsdorf art pavilion on the beach promenade has been used for art exhibitions, concerts and readings since 1970 . The rotunda, designed and built by Ulrich Müther , is now an exhibition space with a program of concerts, readings and the annual art auction .
The theater tent Chapeau Rouge of the Vorpommerschen Landesbühne Anklam has been showing classical and contemporary plays every summer since 1991.
People's Observatory
In 1960, the physicist and radio and television pioneer Manfred von Ardenne initiated the construction of a public observatory on the dune east of the pier in Heringsdorf and gave the community a 25 cm reflector telescope for this purpose. Since then, the observatory has borne his name as the “Manfred von Ardenne” public observatory . The building of the observatory has a two-part gable roof , the two halves of which can be moved outwards if necessary, which then releases the night sky above the telescope. In the months of June to August, guided tours with sky observation and lectures are offered here.
Economy and Infrastructure
tourism
Tourism is of paramount importance . In the area of the municipality of Heringsdorf there is a large number of accommodation and catering establishments as well as rehabilitation facilities with the first spa and medicinal forest in Europe.
In the 187 accommodation establishments in Heringsdorf, which were statistically recorded in 2008, 441,192 guests stayed in 13,734 beds. The Rehabilitation Clinic Usedom is approved for several indications, the Inselkliniken belonging to Medigreif cover psychosomatic indications as well as rehabilitation offers for children and adolescents as well as mother and child.
The Ostseetherme in Ahlbeck with the observation tower is an important part of the year-round use of the recreational areas in the area.
The Usedomer Bäderbahn is based in Heringsdorf . Furthermore, the oldest beach chair factory in Germany is located in Heringsdorf, the Korbwerk .
traffic
Street
The state road L 266 , which was part of the federal road 111 until its course was changed , runs through the municipality . It connects the B 111 near Pudagla with the federal road 110 in Zirchow on the Stettiner Haff .
train
The community at large has in Bansin, Heringsdorf and Ahlbeck six railway stations and stops at the railway Ducherow-Heringsdorf-Wolgast ferry , including the Heringsdorf train station , the as railhead conceived largest station on the island, and next to the border crossing with Poland situated breakpoint Ahlbeck Limit .
bus
Local public transport on the road is operated by OstseeBus GmbH in the German part. The municipality of Heringsdorf is connected to the city of Usedom in the hinterland of the island and the city of Anklam by regular buses . There are connections to Swinoujscie, Poland, via two border crossings at Ahlbeck and Garz .
bicycle
The municipality has numerous cycle paths, but no closed cycle path network. The 12-kilometer-long promenade through the three districts of Bansin, Heringsdorf and Ahlbeck and further through Świnouście (Swinoujscie) is largely designated as a cycle and footpath or as a traffic-calmed area, but cyclists are allowed to walk in several places (including the Germany / Poland border and in Area of the Heringsdorf and Bansin piers) to dismount. In a westerly direction, cycle paths (mostly paved, otherwise solid forest paths, sometimes with considerable inclines) continue to Peenemünde in the north-west of Usedom. The hinterland of the island is also easily accessible from the Kaiserbad via bike paths, local roads and country roads.
The long-distance cycle routes D-Route 2 ( Baltic Sea Cycle Route , from Flensburg ) and D-Route 12 ( Oder-Neisse Cycle Route , from Zittau ) of the Germany Cycle Network end in the district of Ahlbeck . The Berlin-Usedom cycle path also crosses Heringsdorf. On the Polish side, the R10 extends the Baltic Sea Cycle Route to Gdansk .
ship
From the piers of Bansin, Heringsdorf and Ahlbeck, sea bathing ships go to Świnoujście and Międzyzdroje in Poland. The trips are carried out by the Adler ships . From the port in Świnoujście-Warszów on Wollin, there are ferry connections of the Unity Line to Ystad and Trelleborg in Sweden .
In Swinoujscie there is a marina for private boats with direct access to the Baltic Sea coast. The closest German sailing harbor is 15 kilometers south of the Ahlbeck district in Kamminke . There is no port directly on the outer coast in 2014, but one with direct access east of the Schloonsee in Heringsdorf is planned.
flight
About 15 kilometers away near Garz in the Usedom hinterland is the Usedom airport , which can also be reached by Airbus A320 aircraft .
The flight offer includes domestic German scheduled flights, charter flights to foreign destinations for vacationers and business travelers as well as sightseeing flights in the region. From May 2014, u. a. Flights to and from Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Dortmund, Cologne / Bonn, Munich, Warsaw, Vienna, Zurich and Bern are offered.
Sports
- Heringsdorfer Sportverein Blau-Weiß 90
- FC Insel Usedom football club
- HSV Insel Usedom: handball club (formerly HSV Blau-Weiß Insel Usedom)
- Cycling club Seebad Ahlbeck
- Shooting club Neppermin Am Achterwasser
- Sports Association Medicine Bansin
- Sports club (SV) Eintracht Ahlbeck 48: football, volleyball, bowling, ladies' gymnastics
- “Blau-Weiß” tennis club, Seebad Ahlbeck
- Roller & Ice Sports Club Insel Usedom e. V. (shamases)
- Rifle Guild from 1860 e. V. Sallenthin
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- 2015: Else Rönsch (1904–2015), oldest citizen of Germany
- 2015: Lothar Schröder-Löhr (* 1929), clown
- 2018: Heinz Brinkmann (1948–2019), documentary filmmaker
Sons and daughters of the church
Ahlbeck
- Erich Murawski (1894–1970), journalist and archivist
- Else Rönsch (1904–2015), once the oldest living German
- Gösta Schwarck (1915–2012), composer and entrepreneur
- Carola Stern (1925-2006), publicist
Bansin
- Egon Richter (1932–2016), journalist and writer
Goths
- Kurt von Borcke (1835–1905), member of the Prussian manor house
Heringsdorf
- Günther KF Schultze (1896–1945), gynecologist
- Horst Hehle (1923–2005), glass painter
- Heinz Brinkmann (1948–2019), documentary filmmaker
- Cornelia Falken (* 1956), politician (Die Linke)
- Egbert Liskow (* 1957), politician (CDU)
- Harald Petzold (* 1962), politician (Die Linke)
New Sallenthin
- Hans Werner Richter (1908–1993), writer
Personalities associated with the community
- Benoit Oppenheim (1842–1931), banker and art collector, lived temporarily in Heringsdorf
- Maxim Gorki (1868–1936), writer, lived temporarily in Heringsdorf
- Xenia Desni (1897–1962), actress, lived temporarily in Bansin
- Alfred Kantorowicz (1899–1979), literary scholar, lived temporarily in Bansin
- Rudolf Leptien (1907–1977), sculptor, lived in Bansin
- Annelie Thorndike (1925–2012), documentary filmmaker, lived in Heringsdorf
- Rudi Czerwenka (1927–2017), writer, lived in Ahlbeck
- Wolfgang Böhme (* 1939), handball player, grew up in Heringsdorf
- Klaus Rößler (1939–2018), painter and graphic artist, lived in Heringsdorf
Others
On July 31, 2010 the ICE locomotive 5505 was baptized in the name of the community. Since then it has had the municipal coat of arms and the lettering Ostseebad Heringsdorf . The christening ceremony took place in Heringsdorf train station. The train ran between Berlin, Hamburg and Østerport / København / Århus until 2016 and between Nykøbing F and København H within Denmark . The train was decommissioned on October 24, 2016 ( overview and condition of the multiple units ). There are no ICE lines on the island of Usedom.
For the European Football Championship 2012 , the ZDF had the "EM headquarters" in Heringsdorf.
See also
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Ostseebad Heringsdorf
- Official tourist information site of the 3 imperial baths Bansin, Heringsdorf and Ahlbeck (Usedom Tourismus GmbH)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Official website Heringsdorf , section Interesting facts: “In 2005 the imperial baths Ahlbeck, Bansin and Heringsdorf merged with their districts Gothen, Bansin-Dorf, Alt- and Neu-Sallenthin as well as Sellin and are thus the largest Baltic resort community in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. "
- ↑ Bernd Wurlitzer: Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. From the Baltic coast with its Hanseatic cities and the islands of Rügen and Usedom to the lake district. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 1996 (8th edition 2011), ISBN 978-3-7701-3849-4 , p. 305.
- ↑ Usedom's Europapromenade: Island opens cross-border, climate-neutral longest beach promenade in Europe ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ usedom.de
- ↑ a b kur-und-heilwaelder.de Wald-Kongress-2017 (accessed on September 17, 2018)
- ↑ Regional Spatial Development Program Vorpommern (RREP) 2010 ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Central local structure with regional, medium and basic centers, accessed on July 12, 2015
- ↑ a b main statute of the municipality of Ostseebad Heringsdorf
- ^ A b c Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part II, Volume 1, Anklam 1865, p. 473 (online)
- ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom. Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 , p. 130.
- ^ Paul Fechter : History of German literature . C. Bertelsmann Verlag , Gütersloh 1954, p. 319.
- ^ Wilhelm Ferdinand Gadebusch: Chronicle of the island of Usedom. W. Dietze, Anklam 1863, p. 211 ( Google Books ).
- ^ Heinrich Laube : New traveling novels. Vol. 1, Heinrich Hoff, Mannheim 1837, pp. 78-79 ( Google Books ).
- ↑ Stefan Pochanke: The Heringsdorf to Biedermeierzeit in the drawings of Wilhelmina of Schack, Bad Oldesloe 2020. ISBN 978-3-9818526-8-4
- ^ Gothen, Heringsdorf, Ahlbeck (1851-1856). Family association of the family v. Treskow, accessed January 5, 2014 .
- ^ Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen. Part 2, Vol. 1, Dietze, Anklam 1865, p. 475 ( Google Books ).
- ^ Eckhard Oberdörfer: Vorpommern-Greifswald. A travel and reading book. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8378-3002-6 , p. 208.
- ↑ Albert Weiß: The Baltic Sea resorts of the administrative district of Stettin. Mitzlaff, Rudolstadt 1881, p. 70f.
- ^ Gunther Heinickel: Berlin by the sea. The historical Baltic tourism between Berlin and Usedom. In: Michael Hascher: On the way and mobile. Traffic worlds in the museum. Campus, Frankfurt / Main 2005, ISBN 3-593-37251-7 , p. 180.
- ^ Eckhard Oberdörfer: Vorpommern-Greifswald. A travel and reading book. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8378-3002-6 , p. 205.
- ^ Fritz Spalink: Heringsdorf stories. Stories and history about the Heringsdorf seaside resort on the island of Usedom. Werner Molik (Ed.), Heringsdorf 2011, p. 36 ( digitized version ( memento from January 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), PDF ).
- ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 3: Since the Reformation. Fritzsche, Stettin 1912, p. 208.
- ^ Fritz Spalink: Heringsdorf stories. Stories and history about the Heringsdorf seaside resort on the island of Usedom. Werner Molik (ed.), Heringsdorf 2011, pp 41-46 ( Digitalisat ( Memento of 12 January 2014 Internet Archive ), PDF ).
- ^ Fritz Spalink: Heringsdorf stories. Stories and history about the Heringsdorf seaside resort on the island of Usedom. Werner Molik (ed.), Heringsdorf 2011, pp 50-51 ( Digitalisat ( Memento of 12 January 2014 Internet Archive ), PDF ).
- ↑ a b Eckhard Oberdörfer: Vorpommern-Greifswald. A travel and reading book. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8378-3002-6 , p. 206.
- ↑ Wolfgang Wilhelmus : History of the Jews in Pomerania. Ingo Koch Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-937179-41-0 , pp. 171-173.
- ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom. Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 , p. 147.
- ^ Fritz Spalink: Heringsdorf stories. Stories and history about the Heringsdorf seaside resort on the island of Usedom. Werner Molik (ed.), Heringsdorf 2011, pp 69-74 ( Digitalisat ( Memento of 12 January 2014 Internet Archive ), PDF ).
- ^ Eckhard Oberdörfer: Vorpommern-Greifswald. A travel and reading book. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8378-3002-6 , pp. 207-209.
- ↑ Dietrich Gildenhaar, Seebad Heringsdorf - The development of a bathing resort, Rhinoverlag Ilmenau, 2008, p. 19f
- ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom. Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 , p. 165.
- ↑ Dietrich Gildenhaar, Seebad Heringsdorf - The development of a bathing resort, Rhinoverlag Ilmenau, 2008, p. 20
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2005
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2006
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern I . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 1: Usedom. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 1), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 12 ff
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
- ↑ Result of the election of the municipal council on May 25, 2014 & result of the election of the municipal council on May 26, 2019
- ^ Winner of the runoff election: Lars Petersen, the new mayor. on bansdo.de
- ^ A lawyer replaces the CDU mayor in Heringsdorf. In: Nordkurier , June 17, 2019.
- ↑ Cornelia Meerkatz: Heringsdorf: New Mayor Laura Isabelle Marisken sworn in. Ostsee-Zeitung , July 31, 2019, accessed on August 1, 2019 .
- ↑ Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag production office TINUS, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , p. 361/362.
- ↑ a b main statute § 1 (PDF).
- ↑ Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag. The coat of arms and flags of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and its municipalities. Production office Tinus, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , pp. 437-438.
- ^ Fritz Spalink: Heringsdorf stories. Stories and history about the Heringsdorf seaside resort on the island of Usedom. Werner Molik (Ed.), Heringsdorf 2011, p. 22 ( digitized version ( memento from January 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), PDF ).
- ^ Gunther Heinickel: Berlin by the sea. The historical Baltic tourism between Berlin and Usedom. In: Michael Hascher: On the way and mobile. Traffic worlds in the museum. Campus, Frankfurt / Main 2005, ISBN 3-593-37251-7 , p. 180.
- ↑ http://www.chapeau-rouge.de/index.php?id=3420 , accessed on May 25, 2012.
- ^ Database SIS of the Statistical Office of MV ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bilingual order for cyclists to descend on the Ahlbeck-Swinemünde promenade, Polish side of the border , accessed on September 4, 2016, image is part of the page http://www.usedom-exclusiv.de/168/freizeit-sport-usedom/fahrradtouren -usedom-vorpommern / radtour-usedom-rund.html
- ↑ Bilingual arrangement for cyclists to dismount on the Ahlbeck-Swinemünde promenade, German side of the border , accessed on September 4, 2016
- ↑ D-Route 2 (Baltic Sea Cycle Route) from Flensburg to Ahlbeck , accessed on September 4, 2016
- ↑ D-Route 12 (Oder-Neiße-Radweg) from Zittau to Ahlbeck , accessed on September 4, 2016
- ↑ Radnetz Deutschland , accessed on September 4, 2016
- ↑ Berlin-Usedom-Radweg from Berlin to Peenemünde , accessed on September 4, 2016
- ↑ Publishing Esterbauer, bike line Radtourenbuch Baltic Sea Cycle Route 3, Part 3: Poland: From Ahlbeck / Usedom to Gdansk , ISBN 978-3-85000-219-6 , accessed on September 4, 2016
- ^ Marina am Schloonsee in Heringsdorf , concept by Dr. Wulf Böttger and Tankred Lenz, July 1, 2013
- ↑ Congratulations for 1st honorary citizenship to the oldest woman in Germany. In: Kaiserbäder-Bote , 23 September 2015, p. 10.
- ↑ A juggler becomes an honorary citizen. In: Ostsee-Zeitung , October 6, 2015.
- ↑ Heinz Brinkmann made an honorary citizen. In: Kaiserbäder-Bote , July 18, 2018, p. 10.
- ^ ICE train christening on July 31, 2010 in the Baltic Sea resort of Heringsdorf
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