Literature year 1920

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Overview of the literary years
Further events

Literature year 1920
The history of the Salzburg Festival begins with a performance of Jedermann by Hugo von Hofmannsthal on the Salzburg Cathedral Square .

Events

• April 30th : Katherine S. Dreier , Man Ray and Marcel Duchamp found Société Anonyme Inc. in New York City . The group organizes numerous exhibitions, readings, concerts and symposia on modernism and publishes numerous publications on them.

prose

• March 26th : The first novel published by the American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald is published by Scribner’s . The success of This Side of Paradise ( This Side of Paradise ) makes the 23-year-olds in a short time famous.
• October: The Mysterious Affair at Styles ( The Mysterious Affair at Styles ), the first detective novel by British author Agatha Christie , published in the United States at John Lane . The Belgian investigator Hercule Poirot and his friend Lieutenant Arthur Hastings make their first appearance in this novel.

• The historical novel Wallenstein by Alfred Döblin is published by S. Fischer Verlag in Berlin.
• The children's book The Story of Doctor Dolittle ( Doctor Dolittle and his animals ) by the English writer Hugh Lofting appears.

Poetry

• February 21 : On a train ride to Berlin, Bertolt Brecht writes the poem Memory of Marie A.

Drama

• August 22nd : The history of the Salzburg Festival begins with a performance of Jedermann by Hugo von Hofmannsthal on the Salzburg Cathedral Square with Alexander Moissi and Johanna Terwin in the leading roles . In addition to Max Reinhardt and Hugo von Hofmannsthal, the establishment of the Salzburg Festival is mainly thanks to the composer Richard Strauss , the conductor and Viennese court opera director Franz Schalk and the set designer Alfred Roller .
• December 23rd : Arthur Schnitzler's stage play Reigen is performed in full for the first time at the Kleiner Schauspielhaus in Berlin and triggers one of the greatest theater scandals of the 20th century. A few hours before the Berlin premiere, the Prussian Ministry of Education banned the performance and the directors were threatened with six weeks' imprisonment. Director Gertrud Eysoldt steps in front of the curtain, reports the situation to the audience and explains that the imminent prison sentence cannot prevent her from standing up for the freedom of art and countering the accusation that Schnitzler is an “immoral writer”. After the premiere, she and her colleague Maximilian Sladek, the director Hubert Reusch and several actors will be brought to justice for "causing public nuisance". On December 31 the first performance in Hamburg takes place.

• Eugene O'Neill released his first full-length drama Beyond the Horizon ( Beyond the Horizon ), for which he received the same year Pulitzer Prize receives.
• The Czech writer Karel Čapek publishes the drama RUR - Rossum's Universal Robots .

Art theory

Piet Mondrian: Le Néo-Plasticisme , 1920

• Piet Mondrian publishes his main work on art theory, Le Néo-Plasticisme, on the style of neo-plasticism with L'Effort Moderne by Léonce Rosenberg.

religion

• May 23rd : Pope Benedict XV. provides in its encyclical Pacem, Dei munus pulcherrimum the peace in the center of its viewing and recommends after World War I, the reconciliation of the opponents. He has a positive attitude towards a League of Nations idea.
• September 15 : In the encyclical Spiritus Paraclitus , Pope Benedict XV turns . against failed attempts in biblical research to clarify unsolved questions about the Holy Scriptures .
• October 5 : In the encyclical Principi apostolorum Petro , Ephraem the Syrian , who was active in the 4th century, is mentioned by Pope Benedict XV. accepted beyond the Orthodox Churches as Doctors of the Roman Catholic Church .

Prizes and awards

• The Norwegian Knut Hamsun received the Nobel Prize for Literature “for his monumental work Segen der Erde ” .

Born

January to March

Isaac Asimov , 1965

• 0January 2 : Isaac Asimov , American biochemist and science fiction writer († 1992 )
• 0January 9 : Curth Flatow , German playwright († 2011 )
• January 11 : Ruth Bietenhard , Swiss journalist, author and teacher († 2015 )
• January 11th : Slavko Janevski , Macedonian writer († 2000 )
• January 15 : Melvin Lasky , American publicist († 2004 )
• January 20 : Maureen Dragone , American journalist and author († 2013 )
• January 23 : Philippa Pearce , British children's author († 2006 )
• January 31 : Benoîte Groult , French writer and journalist († 2016 )

• 0February 1 : Gerhard Prager , German editor and writer, program director of ZDF († 1975 )
• 0February 5 : Hans Lipinsky-Gottersdorf , German writer († 1991 )
• February 11 : Daniel F. Galouye , American journalist and science fiction writer († 1976 )
• February 15 : Anne-Catharina Vestly , Norwegian writer († 2008 )
• February 19 : Franz Joachim Behnisch , German writer († 1983 )
• February 19 : Helga Cazas , French author († 2008 )
• February 19 : Jaan Kross , Estonian writer († 2007 )
• February 21 : Liselotte Rauner , German writer († 2005 )
• February 21 : Ishigaki Rin , Japanese poet († 2004 )
• February 28 : Mohammad Ibraheem Khwakhuzhi , Afghan writer and poet († 1992 )
• February 29 : Fyodor Alexandrovich Abramov , Soviet writer († 1983 )
• February 29 : Howard Nemerov , American literary professor and poet († 1991 )

• 0March 1 : Albin Siekierski , Polish writer († 1989 )
• 0March 6th : Lewis Gilbert , British film director, producer and screenwriter († 2018 )
• 0March 8 : Eva Dahlbeck , Swedish actress and author († 2008 )
• March 10 : Boris Vian , French writer, chansonnier, actor and translator († 1959 )
• March 17 : Olga Orozco , Argentine poet († 1999 )
• March 22nd : Ludvík Kundera , Czech writer († 2010 )
• March 24th : Gene Nelson , American film director, screenwriter and film producer († 1996 )
• March 31 : Yvette Z'Graggen , Swiss writer and translator († 2012 )

April to June

• 0April 5 : Arthur Hailey , British-Canadian author, novelist († 2004 )
• April 11 : Marlen Haushofer , Austrian writer († 1970 )
• April 11 : Peter O'Donnell , British writer († 2010 )
• April 12 : Armin Mohler , Swiss philosopher, publicist, writer and journalist († 2003 )
• April 13 : Theodore L. Thomas , American science fiction author, chemist and patent attorney († 2005 )
• April 15 : Robert Aulotte , French Romance studies and literary scholar († 2001 )
• April 17 : Bengt Anderberg , Swedish translator and writer († 2008 )
• April 22 : Valery Petrov , Bulgarian writer and translator († 2014 )
• April 22nd : Hal March , American comedian, actor, television presenter and screenwriter († 1970 )

• 0May 4 : Hermann Schreiber , Austrian writer and historian († 2014 )
• 0May 7 : William Charles Anderson , American science fiction writer († 2003 )
• 0May 9 : Richard Adams , British writer († 2016 )
• 0May 9 : Cristóbal Humberto Ibarra , Salvadoran poet, narrator and essayist († 1988 )
• May 15 : Michel Audiard , French screenwriter and director († 1985 )
• May 15 : Carlo Còccioli , Italian writer († 2003 )
• May 17 : Aquiles Nazoa , Venezuelan writer, poet and journalist († 1976 )
• May 21 : Kurt Adel , Austrian literary and linguist († 2009 )
• May 27 : Georges Auclair , French journalist and writer († 2004 )
• May 27 : Gabrielle Wittkop , French writer, artist, essayist and journalist († 2002 )

Marcel Reich-Ranicki, 2009

• 0June 2 : Marcel Reich-Ranicki , German literary critic († 2013 )
• 0June 7 : Carlos Gorostiza , Argentine playwright, theater director and writer († 2016 )
• 0June 8 : Gwen Harwood , Australian poet and librettist († 1995 )
• June 11 : Walter Scherf , German researcher in children's and youth literature and fairy tales († 2010 )
• June 13 : Arkadi Grigoryevich Adamov , Soviet writer († 1991 )
• June 18 : Utta Danella , German writer († 2015 )
• June 21 : Yves Robert , French actor, screenwriter, producer and director († 2002 )
• June 27 : IAL Diamond , American screenwriter († 1988 )

July to September

• July 11 : Sverri Djurhuus , Faroese author and volunteer in the Waffen SS in World War II († 2003 )
• July 21 : Hans Bradtke , German lyricist and caricaturist († 1997 )
• July 21 : Mohammed Dib , Algerian journalist and writer († 2003 )
• July 28 : Arshi Pipa , Albanian man of letters († 1997 )
• July 31 : Franca Valeri , Italian actress and screenwriter († 2020 )

• 0August 2 : Werner Müller , German author, composer, conductor, arranger and orchestra leader († 1998 )
• 0August 3 : PD James , British writer († 2014 )
• 0August 4 : Hermann Kükelhaus , German poet († 1944 )
• 0August 4 : Helen Thomas , American journalist († 2013 )
• 0August 6 : Furuyama Komao , Japanese writer († 2002 )
• 0August 6 : Otto B. Roegele , German journalist and communication scientist († 2005 )
• 0August 7 : Tsukamoto Kunio , Japanese poet († 2005 )
• 0August 9 : Willi Heinrich , German writer († 2005 )
• August 16 : Charles Bukowski , American poet and writer († 1994 )
• August 22 : Ray Bradbury , American writer († 2012 )
• August 22 : Wolfdietrich Schnurre , German writer († 1989 )
• August 23 : Ayukawa Nobuo , Japanese writer and literary critic († 1986 )
• August 24 : Herbert Kaufmann , German journalist and writer († 1976 )
• August 30 : Harald Deilmann , German architect and author († 2008 )

• 0September 3 : Marguerite Higgins , American journalist and war correspondent († 1966 )
• 0September 4 : Anneliese Brost , German publisher († 2010 )
• 0September 8 : Ernst-Alfred Jauch , German journalist († 1991 )
• September 14 : Mario Benedetti , Uruguayan writer († 2009 )
• September 20 : Hanns Cibulka , German writer († 2004 )
• September 20 : Michael Holzinger , writer in Banat dialect († 1996 )
• September 21 : Hans Günter Michelsen , German playwright († 1994 )

October to December

• 0October 8 : Maria Beig , German writer († 2018 )

Frank Herbert , 1978

• 0October 8 : Frank Herbert , American science fiction and fantasy author († 1986 )
• October 15 : Mario Puzo , American author († 1999 )
• October 17 : Miguel Delibes , Spanish writer († 2010 )
• October 18 : Melina Mercouri , Greek actress, singer and minister of culture († 1994 )
• October 23 : Gianni Rodari , Italian writer († 1980 )
• October 24 : Robert Greacen , Irish poet († 2008 )
• October 31 : Dick Francis , British crime novelist († 2010 )

• November 11 : Roy Jenkins , British politician and author († 2003 )
• November 16 : Colin Thiele , Australian children's author († 2006 )
• November 17 : Camillo Felgen , singer, lyricist and radio and television presenter († 2005 )
• November 17 : Ellis Kaut , German children's book author († 2015 )
• November 17 : Jean Starobinski , Swiss doctor and literary scholar († 2019 )
• November 23 : Paul Celan , German poet († 1970 )
• November 29 : Hans Derendinger , Swiss journalist and politician († 1996 )

• 0December 7th : Tatamkhulu Africa , South African writer and poet († 2002 )
• December 10 : Clarice Lispector , Ukrainian-Brazilian writer († 1977 )
• December 10 : Reginald Rose , American writer († 2002 )
• December 15 : Albert Memmi , Tunisian-French writer and sociologist († 2020 )
• December 21 : Gaston-Armand Amaudruz , Swiss publicist († 2018 )
• December 24th : Agawa Hiroyuki , Japanese writer († 2015 )
• December 31 : Richard Nimmerrichter , Austrian journalist ("Staberl")

Exact date of birth unknown

• Helmut Anemüller , German doctor, nutritionist, author and lecturer († 2000 )
• Musa Anter , Kurdish writer and intellectual († 1992 )

Died

• January 2 : Paul Adam , French writer (* 1862 )
• January 24th : Hagbard Berner , Norwegian publicist and politician (* 1839 )

• February 8 : Richard Dehmel , German poet and writer (* 1863 )
• February 12 : Adolf Frey , Swiss writer and literary historian (* 1855 )
• February 27 : Ludwig Rubiner , German poet, literary critic and essayist (* 1881 )

• March 4 : Fyodor Krjukow , Russian writer (* 1870 )
• March 15 : Edmund Reitter , German entomologist, writer and businessman (* 1845 )
• March 22 : Mihael Lendovšek , Slovenian writer and theologian (* 1844 )

• April 10 : Tryggve Andersen , Norwegian writer (* 1866 )
• May 9 : Iwano Hōmei , Japanese writer, literary critic and translator (* 1873 )
• May 21 : Eleanor Hodgman Porter , American writer (* 1868 )

• June 12 : Eduard Clausnitzer , German theologian, educator and writer (* 1870 )
• June 14 : Anna Maria Mozzoni , Italian writer and journalist (* 1837 )
• June 30th : Lena Christ , German writer (* 1881 )

• July 14 : Heinrich Friedjung , Austrian historian, publicist and journalist (* 1851 )

Ganghofer's grave in the Egerner cemetery

• July 24th : Ludwig Ganghofer , Bavarian writer (* 1855 )

• August 12 : Louisa Lawson , Australian writer and editor (* 1848 )
• September 3 : Kauppis-Heikki , Finnish writer (* 1862 )
• September 8 : Rudolf Mosse , German publisher's founder and publicist (* 1843 )
• September 12 : Albert Trautmann , German pharmacist, local researcher and writer (* 1867 )
• September 16 : Dan Andersson , Swedish working-class poet and lyric poet (* 1888 )

• October 16 : Caesar Flaischlen , German lyric poet and dialect poet (* 1864 )
• November 8 : Salomon An-ski , Russian writer, journalist and ethnographer (* 1863 )
• November 8th : Friedrich J. Pajeken , German businessman and writer (* 1855 )
• December 11 : Olive Schreiner , South African writer (* 1855 )

See also

Portal: Literature  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the topic of literature

Web links

Commons : Books 1920  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Magazine 1920  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Commons : Newspapers 1920  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files