Tour de France 1996
83rd Tour de France 1996 - final result | ||
Route length | 21 stages, 3764.9 km | |
Tour winner | Bjarne Riis | 95:57:16 h (39.236 km / h) |
Second | Jan Ullrich | + 1:41 min |
Third | Richard virusesque | + 4:37 min |
Fourth | Laurent Dufaux | + 5:53 min |
fifth | Peter Luttenberger | + 7:07 min |
Sixth | Luc Leblanc | + 10:03 min |
seventh | Piotr Ugrumov | + 10:04 min |
Eighth | Fernando Escartin | + 10:26 min |
Ninth | Abraham Olano | + 11:00 min |
Tenth | Tony Rominger | + 11:53 min |
Green jersey | Erik Zabel | 335 P. |
Second | Frédéric Moncassin | 284 P. |
Third | Fabio Baldato | 255 P. |
Dotted jersey | Richard virusesque | 383 P. |
Second | Bjarne Riis | 274 P. |
Third | Laurent Dufaux | 176 p. |
White jersey | Jan Ullrich | 95:58:57 h |
Second | Peter Luttenberger | + 5:26 min |
Third | Manuel Fernández Ginés | + 24:47 min |
Team evaluation | Festina Watches | 287: 46: 20 h |
Second | Team Deutsche Telekom | + 15:14 min |
Third | Mapei | + 51:36 min |
The 83rd Tour de France took place from June 29 to July 21, 1996. 198 drivers started, 129 drivers reached the finish in Paris .
The overall winner Bjarne Riis was initially deleted from the list of winners by the organizer in 2007 after his confession of doping. The organizers temporarily did not have an overall winner for the Tour de France 1996. However, the deletion was reversed and the offense is statute-barred according to the WADA regulations .
route
The tour with an original total length of 3,909 km and 21 stages began in 1996 in 's-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands and went clockwise after the prologue in the Netherlands, first through the Alps , there also through Italy , then through the Pyrenees with a detour to Spain . In the Alps, a mountain time trial led up to Val-d'Isère , the second long time trial over flat terrain from Bordeaux to Saint-Émilion . The total length was later reduced to 3765 km due to the shortened 9th stage.
Favorites
In addition to Miguel Induráin , the winner from 1991 to 1995 , who could have celebrated his sixth tour win and thus set a new record, Alex Zülle and Bjarne Riis , who stood on the podium last year, were among the favorites . In addition, last year's fourth and 1995 winner of the Vuelta a España Laurent Jalabert , Induráin's long-term rival Tony Rominger (winner of the Giro d'Italia 1995) and Yevgeny Bersin were highly regarded.
Race course
Alex Zülle won the prologue in the rainy 's-Hertogenbosch. Usually, even with the relatively short time trial at the beginning, the shape of the driver becomes visible, even if it cannot be assumed that the time differences are large after a few kilometers. Zülle was considered an excellent time trialist, but most of the favorites didn't want to risk a fall during this prologue in the rain. This particularly affected Chris Boardman , the best time trial pilot at the time on such short distances , who had a hard crash last year - also in the rain - and was eliminated. So the moderate performance of Induráin was not an indication that he could lose the tour this time.
After a rainy first week, the 7th stage went into the high alpine mountains , which initially led over the Col de la Madeleine and the Cormet de Roselend . Jalabert had already been left behind there, and Zülle fell several times. Before the final ascent, the runaway Udo Bölts led the field and was only intercepted on the last mountain. On the way to the finish line in Les Arcs , Induráin, the only one of the favorites that no team-mate could support, was worn down by the co-favorites through constant attacks. The picture when he made a sign that he had run out of water was a symbol of his defeat. He suffered from hunger and thirst and even took a water bottle from a team car that was not owned by him, which resulted in a later time penalty. The tour was already lost for him, the time gap too great, at the finish it was over 4 minutes. Luc Leblanc won the stage , the co-favorites Rominger, Berzin and Riis lost little time, so Berzin could slip into the yellow jersey . Berzin also won the time trial the day after, who was now the most promising candidate for overall victory. Berzin was also able to beat Induráin at the Giro d'Italia 1994.
The 9th stage should lead over the 2,646 meter high Col du Galibier . It snowed on the pass , so the stage was shortened, and the actual queen stage (190 km) became a very short section of only 46 kilometers. On the last climb Bjarne Riis took advantage of the hour and attacked. His time advantage was enough to take the lead in the overall standings. He repeated this performance in the Pyrenees (16th stage) up to Hautacam and extended his lead.
On the last stage of the Pyrenees, the overall ranking should be written: The stage first led through the high mountains and ended after a 100 km long flat section in the Basque Pamplona . The route to the Basque Country was intended to pay homage to Miguel Induráin, through whose birthplace the route passed. But nothing came of the triumphant journey; Induráin was in a detached group far behind the top. When Port de Larrau was crossed for the first time, the leading group shared with the favorites. While the first group (with Riis , Ullrich , Luttenberger , Dufaux , Virusque , Ugrumow , Leblanc , Escartin ) agreed on the flat and the drivers constantly took turns with the management work, in the second group only a few drivers showed interest had a persecution. Above all Rominger and Olano tried to keep the gap within limits, Induráin held back in the slipstream. The time gap at the exit of the mountains was about one and a half minutes, at the finish it had become more than eight minutes. Thus, all drivers in this first group took all of the top places in the overall standings.
The final time trial was won by Jan Ullrich , who drove so hard that he almost put his team leader Bjarne Riis into trouble. At the finish, the Dane was only 1:41 minutes ahead of the now second-placed German.
For the Telekom team , the tour was a complete triumph. The team, which was almost not allowed in the previous year and was only allowed to compete with a rump team together with the second-class team ZG-Mobili, took first and second place in the individual overall ranking, plus a total of five stage wins, the green jersey for Erik Zabel and the white Jersey for the best driver under 25 by Jan Ullrich.
The organizers of the Tour de France officially removed Riis from their own lists in June 2007 after his admission that he had resorted to doping methods during this tour and there is no winner for the 1996 Tour. The International Cycling Federation cannot officially revoke his title because the doping offense was statute-barred at the time of the admission. However, shortly after his doping confession, he asked Riis to return his yellow jersey .
The stages
Stages | Day | Start finish | km | Stage winner | Yellow jersey |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
prolog | June 29th | 's-Hertogenbosch ( NL ) | EZF ) | 9.4 (Alex Zülle | Alex Zülle |
1st stage | June 30th | 's-Hertogenbosch (NL) -' s-Hertogenbosch (NL) | 209 | Frédéric Moncassin | |
2nd stage | July 1 | 's-Hertogenbosch (NL) - Wasquehal | 247.5 | Mario Cipollini | |
3rd stage | 2nd July | Wasquehal - Nogent-sur-Oise | 195 | Erik Zabel | Frédéric Moncassin |
4th stage | 3rd of July | Soissons - Lac de Madine | 232 | Cyril Saugrain | Stéphane Heulot |
5th stage | July 4th | Lac de Madine - Besançon | 242 | Jeroen Blijlevens | |
6th stage | 5th July | Arc-et-Senans - Aix-les-Bains | 207 | Michael Boogerd | |
7th stage | July 6th | Chambéry - Les Arcs | 200 | Luc Leblanc | Yevgeny Bersin |
8th stage | 7th of July | Bourg-Saint-Maurice - Val-d'Isère | 30.5 (EZF) | Yevgeny Bersin | |
9th stage | 8th of July | Le Monêtier-les-Bains - Sestrières ( ITA ) | 46 | Bjarne Riis | Bjarne Riis |
10th stage | July 9 | Torino (ITA) - Gap | 208.5 | Erik Zabel | |
Rest day | |||||
11th stage | July 11th | Gap - Valence | 202 | Chepe Gonzalez Pico | Bjarne Riis |
12th stage | July 12 | Valence - Le Puy-en-Velay | 143.5 | Pascal Richard | |
13th stage | July 13th | Le Puy-en-Velay - Super Besse | 177 | Rolf Sørensen | |
14th stage | July 14th | Besse - tulle | 186.5 | Jamolidin Abduschaparov | |
15th stage | 15th of July | Brive-la-Gaillarde - Villeneuve-sur-Lot | 176 | Massimo Podenzana | |
16th stage | 16th of July | Agen - Lourdes-Hautacam | 199 | Bjarne Riis | |
17th stage | 17th July | Argelès-Gazost - Pamplona ( ESP ) | 262 | Laurent Dufaux | |
18th stage | July 18th | Pamplona (ESP) - Hendaye | 154.5 | Bart Voskamp | |
19th stage | July 19 | Hendaye - Bordeaux | 226.5 | Frédéric Moncassin | |
20th stage | 20th of July | Bordeaux - Saint-Emilion | 63.5 (EZF) | Jan Ullrich | |
21st stage | 21 July | Palaiseau - Paris | 147.5 | Fabio Baldato |
Jerseys in the course of the tour
The table shows the leader in the respective classification at the beginning of the respective stage.
stage |
Yellow jersey |
Green jersey |
Dotted jersey |
White jersey |
Team evaluation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st stage | Alex Zülle | Alex Zülle | not forgiven | Paolo Savoldelli | ONCE |
2nd stage | Ján Svorada | ||||
3rd stage | Danny Nelissen | ||||
4th stage | Frédéric Moncassin | José Luis Arrieta | |||
5th stage | Stéphane Heulot | Frédéric Moncassin | Danny Nelissen | Stéphane Heulot | Gan |
6th stage | |||||
7th stage | Léon van Bon | Rabobank | |||
8th stage | Yevgeny Bersin | Richard virusesque | Jan Ullrich | ||
9th stage | Mapei | ||||
10th stage | Bjarne Riis | Team Telekom | |||
11th stage | Erik Zabel | ||||
12th stage | |||||
13th stage | Rabobank | ||||
14th stage | |||||
15th stage | |||||
16th stage | |||||
17th stage | Mapei | ||||
18th stage | |||||
19th stage | |||||
20th stage | Festina | ||||
21st stage | |||||
winner | Bjarne Riis | Erik Zabel | Richard virusesque | Jan Ullrich | Festina |
All teams and drivers
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Miguel Indurain | 11 | |
2 | Marino Alonso | 66 | |
Vicente Aparicio | A 17. | ||
4th | José Luis Arrieta | 32 | |
5 | Prudencio Indurain | 58 | |
6th | José María Jiménez | 57 | |
Carmelo Miranda | A 4. | ||
8th | Orlando Rodrigues | 54 | |
9 | Jose-Ramon Uriate | 92 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
Laurent Jalabert | A 10. | ||
Iñigo Cuesta | A 13. | ||
13 | Herminio Díaz Zabala | 53 | |
14th | Aitor Garmendia | 35 | |
15th | Patrick Jonker | 12 | |
16 | Melchor Mauri | 38 | |
17th | Roberto Sierra | 41 | |
18th | Neil Stephens | 49 | |
19th | Alex Zülle | 26th |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
21st | Bjarne Riis | 1 | |
22nd | Rolf Aldag | 83 | |
23 | Udo Bölts | 14th | |
24 | Christian Henn | 76 | |
25th | Jens Heppner | 88 | |
26th | Brian Holm | 107 | |
Mario grief | NA 2. | ||
28 | Jan Ullrich | 2 | |
29 | Erik Zabel | 82 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
31 | Tony Rominger | 10 | |
32 | Federico Echave | 40 | |
33 | Manuel Fernández Ginés | 16 | |
34 | Arsenio Gonzales | 24 | |
35 | Paolo Lanfranchi | 59 | |
36 | Johan Museeuw | 95 | |
37 | Abraham Olano | 9 | |
38 | Wilfried Peeters | 110 | |
39 | Andrea Tafi | 45 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
41 | Fabio Baldato | 63 | |
42 | Michele Bartoli | 19th | |
43 | Alberto Elli | 15th | |
Carlo Finco | A 4. | ||
45 | Rolf Järmann | 90 | |
Marco Lietti | A 17. | ||
Roberto Pistore | NA 8. | ||
48 | Pascal Richard | 47 | |
49 | Marco Saligari | 72 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
51 | Eugeni Berzin | 20th | |
52 | Dario Bottaro | 117 | |
53 | Bruno Cenghialta | 56 | |
54 | Ivan Cerioli | 121 | |
55 | Francesco Frattini | 100 | |
Ivan Gotti | A 5. | ||
Nicola Minali | A 11. | ||
58 | Davide Perona | 50 | |
Stefano Zanini | A 4. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
Lance Armstrong | A 6. | ||
62 | Frankie Andreu | 111 | |
George Hincapie | NA 15. | ||
64 | Laurent Madouas | 23 | |
Jesús Montoya | A 17. | ||
Kaspars Ozers | A 6. | ||
Maximilian Sciandri | A 11. | ||
68 | Bruno Thibout | 55 | |
69 | Flavio Vanzella | 60 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
71 | Richard virusesque | 3 | |
72 | Bruno Boscardin | 80 | |
73 | Laurent Brochard | 18th | |
74 | Laurent Dufaux | 4th | |
75 | Félix García Casas | 48 | |
76 | Pascal Hervé | 42 | |
Emmanuel Magnien | A 12. | ||
78 | Christophe Moreau | 75 | |
Jean-Cyril Robin | A 6. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
Johan Bruyneel | A 10. | ||
82 | Michael Boogerd | 31 | |
83 | Erik Breukink | 34 | |
84 | Erik Dekker | 74 | |
85 | Vyacheslav Yekimov | 21st | |
86 | Danny Nelissen | 84 | |
Arvis Piziks | A 13. | ||
88 | Rolf Sørensen | 28 | |
Léon van Bon | A 7. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
91 | Chris Boardman | 39 | |
Stéphane Heulot | A 7. | ||
93 | François Lemarchand | 91 | |
94 | Frédéric Moncassin | 106 | |
Francis Moreau | ZÜ 6. | ||
Didier Rous | A 17. | ||
Eddy Seigneur | A 6. | ||
98 | François Simon | 86 | |
99 | Cédric Vasseur | 69 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
Mario Cipollini | NA 5. | ||
102 < | Simone Biasci | 126 | |
Giuseppe Calcaterra | A 6. | ||
104 | Massimo Donati | 70 | |
Gian Matteo Fagnini | NA 6. | ||
106 | Paolo Fornaciari | 79 | |
107 | Massimiliano Lelli | 25th | |
108 | Eros Poli | 127 | |
Mario Scirea | A 6. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
111 | Luc Leblanc | 6th | |
Dirk Baldinger | A 11. | ||
113 | Rossano Brasi | 97 | |
114 | Gerrit de Vries | 119 | |
115 | Mirko Gualdi | 43 | |
116 | Giuseppe Guerini | 27 | |
117 | Frédéric Guesdon | 108 | |
Daisuke Imanaka | ZÜ 14. | ||
Serguei Outschakov | ZÜ 6. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Vladimir Belli | 68 | |
122 | Alessandro Baronti | 112 | |
Davide Bramati | A 6. | ||
124 | Oscar Camenzind | 36 | |
Roberto Conti | NA Pr. | ||
126 | Valentino Fois | 52 | |
Sergio Previtali | S 1. | ||
Zbigniew saying | A 11. | ||
Ján Svorada | A 5. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
131 | Claudio Chiappucci | 37 | |
132 | Mario Chiesa | 125 | |
133 | Peter Luttenberger | 5 | |
134 | Oscar Pellicioli | 85 | |
135 | Massimo Podenzana | 61 | |
136 | Marcello Siboni | 65 | |
Mario Traversoni | A 10. | ||
Enrico Zaina | A 3. | ||
Beat Zberg | A 6. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
141 | Piotr Ugrumov | 7th | |
142 | Stefano Cattai | 22nd | |
143 | Andrea Ferrigato | 46 | |
144 | Marco Fincato | 30th | |
145 | Maurizio Fondriest | 51 | |
Alexander Gonchenkov | NA 6. | ||
Pascal Lino | A 10. | ||
148 | Paolo Savoldelli | 33 | |
149 | Marco Zen | 73 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
151 | Maarten den Bakker | 64 | |
152 | Jeroen Blijlevens | 128 | |
153 | Bo hamburger | 13 | |
Servais Knaven | NA 5. | ||
Vladimir Poulnikov | ZÜ 14. | ||
156 | Laurent Roux | 44 | |
157 | Jesper Skibby | 29 | |
158 | Peter Van Petegem | 116 | |
159 | Bart Voskamp | 99 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
161 | Jamolidin Abduschaparov | 78 | |
Mauro Bettin | ZÜ 6. | ||
Stefano Colage | A 7. | ||
Heinz Imboden | A 6. | ||
165 | Sergei Uslamine | 87 | |
166 | Leonardo Piepoli | 17th | |
167 | Fabio Roscioli | 98 | |
168 | Cristian Salvato | 94 | |
169 | Tobias Steinhauser | 113 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
171 | Andrej Tschmil | 77 | |
Gilles Bouvard | A 8. | ||
173 | Peter Farazijn | 122 | |
Thomas Fleischer | A 14. | ||
Oleg Kozlitine | A 11. | ||
176 | Nico Mattan | 123 | |
177 | Scott Sunderland | 101 | |
178 | Paul Van Hyfte | 120 | |
179 | Marc Wauters | 124 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
181 | Fernando Escartín | 8th | |
182 | Julio César Aguirre | 81 | |
Hernán Buenahora | A 1. | ||
184 | Francisco Cabello | 102 | |
185 | José Castelblanco | 71 | |
Laudelino Cubino | A 2. | ||
187 | José Jaime González | 96 | |
188 | Federico Muñoz | 89 | |
189 | José Angel Vidal | 109 |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
191 | Mariano Piccoli | 93 | |
Alessandro Bertolini | A 16. | ||
Claudio Camin | A 7. | ||
Marco Della Vedova | A 14. | ||
195 | Cristiano Frattini | 103 | |
Luca Gelfi | A 2. | ||
Zenon Jaskuła | A 7. | ||
198 | Omar Pumar | 105 | |
Mauro Radaelli | A 7. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
201 | Jacky Durand | 115 | |
Dominique Arnould | A 10. | ||
203 | Jean-Pierre Bourgeot | 67 | |
Franck Bouyer | A 14. | ||
Jean-Claude Colotti | A 17. | ||
206 | Thierry Laurent | 104 | |
Thierry Marie | A 10. | ||
208 | Jean-Luc Masdupuy | 129 | |
Michel Vermote | A 5. |
No. | country | Surname | space |
---|---|---|---|
Christophe Capelle | A 7. | ||
212 | Thierry Bourguignon | 62 | |
Laurent Genty | A 15. | ||
214 | Thierry Gouvenou | 114 | |
Marek Leśniewski | ZÜ 14. | ||
Frédéric Pontier | A 6. | ||
Cyril Saugrain | A 6. | ||
218 | Gilles Talmant | 118 | |
Francisque Teyssier | A 6. |
A: abandonment during the stage, NA: not started for the stage, S: suspended / excluded, ZÜ: timeout
doping
During a press conference in Copenhagen on May 25, 2007 , Riis confessed to taking the banned doping agent erythropoietin (EPO), growth hormone and cortisone to improve performance from 1993 to 1998 . He bought the EPO and claimed he took it himself. His victory in the 1996 Tour de France was also influenced by the doping agent EPO, cortisone and growth substances, as Riis publicly admitted: “I know that I won the Tour with illicit means. But I still worked for it. If you want to get the yellow jersey now, please, it means nothing to me. It's in the cardboard box. ”Since the eight-year limitation period for Riis' confession of doping had expired, the title could no longer be withdrawn retrospectively. Nevertheless, the UCI suggested to take Riis at his word and asked for the return of the "sign of victory", the yellow jersey. Before that, Rii's teammates Bert Dietz , Erik Zabel, Rolf Aldag , Brian Holm , Christian Henn and Udo Bölts from the Telekom team admitted to having doped on the 1996 tour. The team doctors at the time, Andreas Schmid and Lothar Heinrich, also confessed to having known about doping in the team. It was only in June 2013 that Jan Ullrich, Riis' former colleague in the Telekom team, also admitted autologous doping to "create equal opportunities". Ullrich continues to deny taking EPO or other doping substances. The telecommunications professionals at the time, Steffen Wesemann and Jens Heppner , maintain their innocence in matters of doping to this day.
Web links
- Tour de France 1996 in the ProCyclingStats.com database
- radsport-seite.de for the 1996 tour
Footnotes and references
- ↑ a b L'Équipe dated June 7, 2007: Pas de vainqueur en 1996… ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ cf. Official website of the Tour de France: Historique du Tour de France ANNÉE 1996 ( Memento of the original from April 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 26, 2014.
- ↑ Press release ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the UCI from May 25, 2007