Lufthansa

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German Lufthansa
Lufthansa logo 2018
Lufthansa Airbus A350-900 in the livery introduced in 2018
IATA code : LH
ICAO code : DLH
Call sign : LUFTHANSA
Founding: 1926 in Berlin
dissolution 1945
ban and liquidation 1951
re-establishment: 1953
Seat: Cologne , GermanyGermanyGermany 
Turnstile :
Home airport : Frankfurt am Main
Company form: AG
IATA prefix code : 220
Management: Carsten Spohr
Number of employees: 35,221 (December 31, 2019)
Sales: € 16.119 billion (2019)
Balance sheet total: € 42.659 billion (2019, Group)
Profit: € 1.167 billion (2019, EBIT)
Passenger volume: 71.307 million (2019)
Alliance : Star Alliance
Frequent Flyer Program : Miles & More
Fleet size: 284 (+ 143 orders)
Aims: National and international
Website: www.lufthansa.com

The German Lufthansa, and Lufthansa or Lufthansa German Airlines , is the largest German airline and is commonly called the public flag carrier of Germany perceived. Because of the company logo , Lufthansa is often referred to as the “crane airline”. The airline is owned by Deutsche Lufthansa AG , based in Cologne . Its two hubs are located at Frankfurt Airport and Munich Airport . In 1997 Lufthansa was a founding member of the largest aviation alliance , the Star Alliance, and is part of the Lufthansa Group , the largest aviation group in Europe. Lufthansa was a founding member of the DAX share index of Deutsche Börse and has been listed in the MDAX since June 22, 2020 .

history

Today's Lufthansa (founded 1953)

Today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG was founded in 1953 as a public limited company for air traffic requirements (LUFTAG) and renamed Deutsche Lufthansa AG in 1954 following the acquisition of the rights to the traditional company name Lufthansa . The company took up scheduled flight operations on April 1, 1955, after the Federal Republic of Germany regained its air sovereignty.

Until 1963, Deutsche Lufthansa AG was almost 100 percent state-owned. Until 1994 it was the official flag carrier of the Federal Republic of Germany . Deutsche Lufthansa AG has been completely privatized since 1997 .

Since the mid-1990s, Deutsche Lufthansa AG has developed into an aviation group with various business areas that are run as independent subsidiaries. These include, for example, air freight at Lufthansa Cargo AG , aircraft maintenance at Lufthansa Technik AG and catering at LSG Service Holding AG . Since the mid-2000s, Deutsche Lufthansa AG has also taken over several European airlines, including Swiss International Air Lines , Austrian Airlines , Brussels Airlines , Air Dolomiti , Eurowings , parts of Air Berlin and, at times, British Midland Airways .

Former companies with the name "Deutsche Lufthansa"

The name Lufthansa , initially still Luft Hansa , was first used in 1924. On the occasion of a celebration for the inauguration of the Dresden-Munich route by the predecessor airline Junkers Flugverkehr in Dresden City Hall, the name was first used for the planned new airline. The company name is a tribute to the Hanseatic League , the merger of Low German merchants in the Middle Ages. The old high German word "Hansa" means 'crowd' in the sense of a group.

This "first" airline with the company name Lufthansa was founded on April 6, 1926 through the merger of the two airlines Deutscher Aero Lloyd AG and Junkers Luftverkehrs AG to form Deutsche Luft Hansa AG , based in Berlin. In 1933 the company was renamed Deutsche Lufthansa Aktiengesellschaft., The company ceased its flight operations at the end of World War II in 1945 and was finally liquidated by the Allies in 1951 .

Today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG is formally not a legal successor to the “first” Deutsche Luft Hansa AG, which was founded in Berlin in 1926 and which was influenced by the National Socialists from 1933 onwards. Regardless of this, both historians and today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG see an internal historical connection between the then Lufthansa , which has been influenced by National Socialism since 1933 , and today's Lufthansa, albeit from different perspectives and with different intentions (details in the Critique section ):

  • With a view to the NSDAP regime , today's company has been shown to deliberately suppress its involvement in the NSDAP regime in its self-portrayal . In the period from 1933 to 1945, Lufthansa employed, in the Second World War began passenger aircraft for war purposes, of economic calculus at least 10,000 men, women and children of different nationalities as forced laborers , because of their ethnic origin or their Jewish background or political opinion were taken prisoner by the National Socialists.
  • On the grounds that Lufthansa was re-established after the Second World War, today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG denies any claim against the company for compensation and pension payments to former forced laborers. Regardless of this, today's company presents its first scheduled flight on April 1, 1955 as a “new beginning” for the traditional Lufthansa and in this context makes the technical advances in German commercial aviation before the founding of today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG its corporate history. In 1999 the company transferred the equivalent of EUR 20 million to the forced labor fund of the German economy .

Today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG also had no legal relationship whatsoever with Deutsche Lufthansa of the GDR , which was founded on July 1, 1955 and liquidated again in 1963. The flight operations of this company were later continued by Interflug .

Flight operations

Turnstiles

Lufthansa aircraft at Frankfurt Airport

Lufthansa operates two higher-level hubs :

  • The Frankfurt airport is the largest Lufthansa hub (157 goals), start here most intercontinental flights.
  • Most continental flights depart from Munich Airport (152 destinations).

Route network

From Frankfurt am Main and Munich Lufthansa flies to many destinations in Europe as well as in North and South America , Asia , Africa and the Middle East . Lufthansa no longer flies to Australia and New Zealand , but operates them in cooperation with Star Alliance partners via their hubs in Singapore ( Singapore Airlines ), Bangkok ( Thai Airways ) and Los Angeles and San Francisco ( United Airlines ). There are also codeshare agreements with Air New Zealand for routes via Hong Kong, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Vancouver. The last connection to Australia operated by Lufthansa itself was from Frankfurt am Main (LH796 / LH797) via Bangkok to Sydney and back three times a week from the 1994 summer flight schedule to the end of the 1995 summer flight schedule. A Boeing 767 from the Condor fleet was used .

The longest regular non-stop passenger flight (based on the scheduled flight time) is the connection from Frankfurt am Main to Buenos Aires-Ezeiza (outward journey 1:50 hours, return journey 1:15 hours, 11,515 km), followed by Frankfurt am Main to Singapore-Changi (Outward journey 12:15 hours, return journey 13:05 hours, 10,284 km), Frankfurt am Main to Kuala Lumpur (outward journey 12:15 hours, return journey 13:30 hours, 10,000 km; was discontinued on March 1, 2016) and the routes from Munich to Los Angeles (outward journey 12:20 hours, return journey 11:25 hours, 9,625 km) and Munich to São Paulo-Guarulhos (outward journey 12:40 hours, return journey 11:50 hours, 9,868 km).

On January 19, 2011, Lufthansa set an internal non-stop record. The Airbus A340-600 " Lübeck " (D-AIHF) flew cruise passengers with a flight time of 14:48 hours from Munich Airport to Honolulu International Airport and exceeded the previous record from 2010 by five minutes as an A340-600 Lufthansa flew on a cruise charter from Munich to Santiago de Chile Airport .

Lufthansa was among the first western airlines to fly to other destinations in the former Soviet Union in addition to Moscow and St. Petersburg , and for many years successfully operated up to 14 different routes. In the course of the Crimean crisis , demand weakened significantly. As of autumn 2015, only the original destinations Moscow and St. Petersburg were served.

Passengers

Lufthansa has mostly been able to gain passengers in recent years - the number of passengers rose from 58.8 million (2010) to 71.3 million (2019).

In the Lufthansa Group, the number of passengers has increased even more significantly in recent years through the establishment of new companies and acquisitions of other airlines. The number of passengers carried by all airlines was 91.2 million in 2010 and 145.2 million in 2019.

The corona crisis will lead to a significant decrease in passenger numbers in all air traffic from 2020 and, according to estimates by the management, will not reach the level of 2019 again until 2022 or 2023.

Passenger development Lufthansa Group 2015–19


For around two decades, Lufthansa has been struggling with the increasing competition from the Gulf airlines in the long-haul business, but it has so far been able to hold its own against the competition.

Flight number system

The flight numbers are distributed according to a fixed scheme. For example, early flights usually have a smaller number than flights on the same route later in the day. Flights from Frankfurt and Munich usually have an even final digit, flights back there have an odd number.

Numbers Line, purpose and goal Turnstile or region
LH001 - LH399 Within Europe FRA
LH400 - LH499 North and Central America All
LH500 - LH599 Central , South America and Africa All
LH600 - LH699 Middle East and CIS countries All
LH700 - LH799 Asia All
LH800 - LH1499 Within Europe FRA
LH1600 - LH2799 Within Europe MUC
LH3400 - LH3799 AIRail , bus FRA
LH5200 - LH7999 Code sharing by Lufthansa Passenger Airlines All
LH6000 suffix 1) - LH7999 suffix Parallel use of flight numbers with a suffix for Lufthansa Cargo truck services
LH8000 - LH8515 Lufthansa Cargo flights
LH8516 - LH9799 Code sharing by Lufthansa Passenger Airlines
LH9800 - LH9999 Flight numbers for special flights (e.g. training and workshop flights)

1) Since 2009, suffix flight numbers have been in effect for all truck services in which a letter is appended to the flight number, e.g. B. "LH7000A". This means that the previous cargo flight numbers in the range from 7000 to 7999 can be used in parallel:

  • without Lufthansa Passage suffix
  • with suffix from Lufthansa Cargo.

fleet

The fleets of Lufthansa (Lufthansa Passage Airlines) , Lufthansa CityLine and Lufthansa Cargo are operated under the brand name “Lufthansa” . Lufthansa Passenger Airlines' aircraft are stationed in Frankfurt and Munich. In Frankfurt are u. a. home to all Boeing 747-400 and 747-8I; Most of the A340-600, all A350-900 and five A380-800 are operated from Munich. As of June 2020, the Lufthansa Passenger Airlines fleet consists of 284 aircraft with an average age of 11.3 years:

Overview

Aircraft type number ordered Mark Remarks Seats ( First / Business / Eco + / Eco )
Manufacturer Airbus D-AI
Airbus A319-100 25th D-AIL (from 1996)

D-AIB (from 2009)

14 inactive 138 (- / var ./-/ var.)
Airbus A320-200 61 D-AIP (1989 to 2020)

D-AIQ (from 1991)

D-AIZ (from 2009)

D-AIU (from 2014)

D-AIW (from 2017)

36 equipped with sharklets , 55 inactive 168 (- / var ./-/ var.)
Airbus A320neo 23 41 D-AIN (from 2016)

D-AIJ (from 2020)

D-AII (from 2021)

First delivery on January 20, 2016; Lufthansa is the first customer of the A320neo ; 46 with Pratt & Whitney PW1000G , 15 with CFM International LEAP-1A , six inactive 180 (- / var ./-/ var.)
Airbus A321-100 20th D-AIR (from 1994) all inactive 200 (- / var ./-/ var.)
Airbus A321-200 43 D-AIS (from 1999)

D-AID (from 2010)

40 inactive
Airbus A321neo 05 35 D-AIE (from 2019)

D-AIO (from 2021)

Delivery since 2019; 15 with PW1000G, 25 with LEAP-1A, one inactive 215 (- / var ./-/ var.)
Airbus A330-300 15th D-AIK (from 2004) nine inactive 255 (- / 42/28/185)
Airbus A340-300 13 D-AIG (from 1996)

D-AIF (from 2000)

Lufthansa is the world's largest operator of the A340-300 , nine inactive 279 (- / 30/28/221)
04th In Star Alliance livery, all inactive 298 (- / 18/19/261)
Airbus A340-600 17th D-AIH (from 2003) Lufthansa is the world's largest operator of the A340-600 ;

Will be retired and replaced by Airbus A350-900 ;

Seven A340-600s will be decommissioned due to the expected drop in demand. All inactive and parked in Teruel, Spain

 281 (8/56/28/189)

297 (8/44/32/213)

Airbus A350-900 16 27 D-AIX (from 2016) Replacement for A340-600 , ten inactive 293 (- / 48/21/224)

319 (- / 36/21/262)

Airbus A380-800 14th D-AIM (from 2010) Lufthansa initially ordered a total of 15 Airbus A380-800s , of which ten had been delivered by June 2012. In September 2011 the order was increased by two more copies to 17, this order was confirmed on March 14, 2013. In September 2013, however, it was announced that the Lufthansa Supervisory Board had approved the acceptance of only twelve of the 15 A380s in the first order. This means that only 14 A380s will be added to the fleet. The first copy was handed over on May 19, 2010 with the aircraft registration D-AIMA and was christened “Frankfurt am Main”. Lufthansa has been using its A380 to and from Frankfurt am Main and, since March 2018, from Munich . Six aircraft will be decommissioned due to the expected decline in demand. These aircraft were scheduled for sale to Airbus from 2022. The remaining eight will be relocated to Munich. All inactive, seven of them parked in Teruel 509 (8/78/52/371)
Manufacturer Boeing D-AB
Boeing 747-400 09 D-ABV (from 1991)

D-ABT (from 2001)

Will be retired and replaced by Boeing 777X ;

Some 747-400 are being shut down due to the expected drop in demand. All inactive

371 (- / 67/32/272)

393 (- / 53/32/308)

Boeing 747-8I 19th D-ABY (from 2012) Lufthansa is the world's largest operator of the Boeing 747-8 , 15 inactive 340 (8/92/32/208)

364 (8/80/32/244)

Boeing 777-9 20th D-ABT (from 2022) +14 options

Delivery probably from 2022; Replacement for Boeing 747-400

- open -
Boeing 787-9 20th Delivery from 2022 to 2027; The order was placed by the Lufthansa Group . It is unclear which machines it will replace. - open -
total 284 143

Fleet policy

As an influential major and launch customer , Lufthansa had a decisive influence on the development of the Boeing 737-100 and -300, the 747-400 and -8I and the Airbus A310, A340 and A380. By using modern aircraft, variable costs can be saved in kerosene consumption . The Group stated the average consumption of the Lufthansa fleet for 2017 as 3.76 liters per 100 passenger kilometers. The Lufthansa Group aims for an average consumption of three liters.

The last Avro RJ85 was taken out of service by Lufthansa CityLine on August 27, 2012. In view of the reduced growth plans, a total of 38 short- and long-haul aircraft were announced by the end of 2012, including all Avro RJ85s and several Airbus A340-300s . On March 14, 2013 Lufthansa announced the order for 100 A320s and two more A380-800s from Airbus . On September 19, 2013 Lufthansa signed an order for 25 A350-900s including 15 options and a further 15 rights of first refusal, which also include the extended version A350-1000 and 34 Boeing 777-9s to replace the older A340-300 and 747-400. On October 29, 2016, the last Boeing 737 left the Lufthansa fleet with a Boeing 737-300 .

At the end of December 2016, Lufthansa took delivery of the first of the currently (as of August 2018) 25 Airbus A350-900s, which were officially presented in Munich on February 3, 2017. The machine officially started flight operations on February 10th, and a total of fifteen machines are planned to be stationed in Munich.

Lufthansa leased two Fokker 100s from Helvetic Airways for the 2018 summer flight schedule . These are to be stationed in Munich.

At the beginning of May 2019, Lufthansa took over the first of 40 Airbus A321neo aircraft that had been ordered and used this D-AIEA aircraft in scheduled services for the first time on May 23, 2019.

With the respective aircraft registration numbers of the aircraft of the Lufthansa Group entered in the aircraft register in Germany (for example D-AIKJ ) there is a - binding - system only for the first two letters. The letter in front of the hyphen is the nationality symbol (a "D" for the Federal Republic of Germany), the first letter after the hyphen provides information about the range in which the maximum take-off weight is (for example, "A" for aircraft with a maximum take-off mass of more than 20 tons ). The license plate is assigned in Germany by the Federal Aviation Office . Similar to the issue of license plates, when the last three letters are assigned, any “customer requests” from Lufthansa can be addressed if the desired combination of letters has not yet been assigned. In fact, Lufthansa has been fulfilling the following “customer request” from the Luftfahrt-Bundesamt for some time now: The second letter after the hyphen should indicate the respective aircraft manufacturer or group company, the third the aircraft type, the fourth, with a few exceptions (e.g. B. waiver of letter combinations such as SA , SS , HJ , BYB ...) (see following table). In the few historical cases where an aircraft was too light to get an A as the second letter, A was chosen in third place: F27 were D-BARI and D-BARO, DC-3 were D-CADE, D- CADI and D-CADO. In addition, Lufthansa bought a 747-400 (c / n 1292) from Boeing in order to immediately sell it on to Royal Flight Oman. During the short time that she was in LH service (i.e. during the delivery flights), she was registered as D-ARFO.

Current special paints

Aircraft type Aircraft registration Painting Period image
Airbus A319-100 D-AILU "Lu" The Airbus A319-114 “Verden” with the registration D-AILU has been painted with the mascot of the Lufthansa children's concept “Lu's ​​World” on the sides of the rear third of the cabin since 2005. Lu is a small crane with a large beak. In January 2020, the aircraft was given the new Lufthansa design. Since then, the mascot Lu can be found between the lettering "Lufthansa". D-AILU at MUC.jpg
D-AILF

D-AILP

D-AILS

D-AILT

D-AIBJ

" Star Alliance " LF: since October 2010

LP: since January 2020

LS: since December 2019

LT: since December 2019

BJ: since December 2019

D-AILF @ LHR 03MAY13 (9709254905) .jpg
Airbus A320-200 D-AIUA

D-AIZH

D-AIZM

D-AIZN

WP: since July 2020

ZH: since April 2019

ZM: since October 2019

ZN: since October 2019

Airbus A320-200 D-AIZH at HAM 2019-04-01.jpg
Airbus A340-300 D-AIFE

D-AIFF

D-AIGN

D-AIGP

D-AIGV

D-AIGW

FE: since July 2015

FF: since July 2015

GN: since December 2013

GP: since May 2015

GM: since June 2015

GW: since November 2015

Lufthansa, Airbus A340-300 D-AIFF NRT (22600347014) .jpg
Airbus A321-100 D-AIRW since October 2012 D-AIRW A321-131 Lufthansa (Star Alliance cs) PMI 02JUN13 (8924826889) .jpg
D-AIRY " The Mouse " since November 1998 (repainted in the new Lufthansa design in February 2019) Lufthansa (Die Maus sticker), D-AIRY, Airbus A321-131 (32682770887) .jpg
Airbus A321-200 D-AIDV " Retro " since December 2012 Airbus A321-231, Lufthansa JP7661403.jpg
Boeing 747-8I D-ABYT For the 60th anniversary in April 2015, a brand new Boeing 747-8 (D-ABYT) with a livery as it was used between 1967 and 1988 was delivered. In order to protect the structure of the aircraft, however, the fuselage and engine cowlings, which were unpainted and polished to a high gloss, were dispensed with. D-ABYT at FRA.jpg

Baptismal name

Many Lufthansa aircraft have had baptismal names since 1960, which can be seen on the front fuselage below the aircraft type. As a rule, German cities or federal states are godparents . When an aircraft leaves the fleet, a newer one usually takes on its name. So was z. For example, the name “Berlin” was borne by aircraft of the types Boeing 707, 747-200 and 747-400 as well as Airbus A380-800. Deviating from this, the Airbus A340-300 ( aircraft registration D-AIFC ) is named "Gander / Halifax" after the two Canadian cities that are on the standard flight route from Central Europe to North America. The double name is intended as a reminder that after the closure of the US and Canadian airspace on the day of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 , aircraft that could no longer return to Europe due to low fuel reserves were at Gander (39 aircraft) and Halifax airports had to land and especially in Gander, which had to accommodate the larger number, were treated extremely hospitably despite the difficult circumstances.

In February 2010 Lufthansa announced that it would name its first two Airbus A380s after their two largest hubs : “Frankfurt am Main” (D-AIMA) and “Munich” (D-AIMB) . The following A380-800s put into service bear the names of major international cities: " Beijing北京" (D-AIMC) , " Tokyo東京" (D-AIMD) , " Johannesburg " (D-AIME) , " Zurich " (D-AIMF) , " Vienna " (D-AIMG) , " New York " (D-AIMH) , " Berlin " (D-AIMI) , " Brussels " (D-AIMJ) , " Düsseldorf " (D-AIMK) , " Hamburg " (D-AIML) , “ Delhi ” (D-AIMM) and “ San Francisco ” (D-AIMN) . On November 18, 2015, the youngest A380-800 with the aircraft registration D-AIMN was ceremoniously named "Integrated Operations Control Center" ("IOCC" for short) by Chancellor Angela Merkel on the occasion of the opening of Lufthansa's new traffic control center in Frankfurt. Germany ”, so renamed accordingly.

The Airbus A321-100 (D-AIRA) "Finkenwerder" is a reminiscence of the Airbus plant in Hamburg-Finkenwerder , where part of the Airbus model range is assembled. The last Airbus for the time being, an A350 , which Lufthansa accepted in July 2020, was named after Freiburg on the occasion of the city's 900th anniversary .

Former planes

After its re-establishment, Lufthansa began using the following types of aircraft from 1955:

airbus BAC Boeing Convair Curtiss
Airbus A300 B2 / -B4 / -600 BAC 1-11 -400 1 Boeing 707 -300B / -300C / -400 Convair CV-340 Curtiss C-46 2
Airbus A310 -200 / -300 Boeing 720 Convair CV-440
Airbus A330-200 Boeing 727 -100 / -200
Airbus A340 -200 Boeing 737 -100 / -200 / -300 / -400 3 / -500
Boeing 747 -100 / -200 / -200F
Boeing 757-300 4
Boeing 767-300 5
de Havilland Douglas Fokker Lockheed Vickers
De Havilland DH.114 Heron 6 Douglas DC-3 / C-47 Fokker F-27 -400 7 Lockheed L-1049 G "Super Constellation" Vickers Viking 1B 8
Douglas DC-4 / C-54 9 Lockheed L-1049H "Super Constellation" 10 (cargo version) Vickers Viscount 814
Douglas DC- 8-51 11 Lockheed L-1649 A "Starliner"
McDonnell Douglas DC- 10-30
1 Bavaria Fluggesellschaft carried out scheduled flights with two BAC 1-11 in wet lease for Lufthansa from Stuttgart and Munich to Hanover .
2Rented Curtiss C-46s from Capitol Airways were used for cargo flights.
3Seven Boeing 737-400s were operated from 1992 to 1995 with the Lufthansa Express logo . The planes were sold in 1996.
4thIn view of a possible order, Lufthansa used a Boeing 757-300 from Condor to test it under LH flight numbers.
5A Boeing 767-300 operated on scheduled flights between Bangkok and Australia from 1995 until the Star Alliance was founded .
6thA de Havilland Heron rented from Martinair was operated in 1963 with Lufthansa livery and LH flight numbers. Südflug International previously used this type of aircraft for Lufthansa .
7thFokker F-27 rented from Condor in the 1960s .
8thThe German air service rented from July 1956 and from February 1960 two Vickers Viking to Lufthansa. Both machines were operated on cargo flights until November 1961.
9 Transocean Air Lines operated two DC-4s in Lufthansa colors in wet lease from December 1957 to March 1959 on freight flights within Germany, Europe and the USA.
10An L-1049H rented for cargo flights to the USA, first from Transocean Air Lines , then from Flying Tiger Line .
11In 1965 Lufthansa leased a Douglas DC-8-51 from Trans International Airlines , which was used in transatlantic traffic .

Timeline

Timeline of the Lufthansa passenger fleet since 1955
Manufacturer Type 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s
5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0
airbus A300
Lufthansa Airbus A300 Volpati-1.jpg
 A300B2
A300B4
A300-600
A310
Lufthansa Airbus A310-304; D-AIDB @ FRA; 10.10.1995 (6083548585) .jpg
 A310-200
A310-300
A319
Lufthansa A319-100 D-AILB (8644000322) .jpg
 Airbus A319-100
A320
D-AINL Lufthansa A320neo Weinheim an der Bergstrasse (45105404071) .jpg
 A320-200
A320neo
A321
Lufthansa Airbus A321 Weimar.jpg
 A321-100
A321-200
A321neo
A330
Airbus A330-223, Lufthansa AN0301962.jpg
 A330-200
A330-300
A340
Lufthansa Airbus A340-642 D-AIHQ MUC 2015 01.jpg
 A340-200
A340-300
A340-600
A350
Lufthansa, D-AIXA, Airbus A350-941 (32245251113) .jpg
 A350-900
A380
Airbus A380-841, Lufthansa AN2054509.jpg
 A380-800
Boeing 707
Boeing 707-330B, Lufthansa AN2025731.jpg
 707-300
707-400
720B
727
Boeing 727-230-Adv, Lufthansa AN1945057.jpg
 727-100
727-200
737
Lufthansa Boeing 737-430; D-ABKD @ ZRH; 09/24/1995 (5471573434) .jpg
 737-100
737-200
737-300
737-400
737-500
747
Boeing 747-230B Lufthansa D-ABYT, DUS Düsseldorf (Duesseldorf International), Germany PP1167230564.jpg
 747-100
747-200
747-400
747-8I
767
D-ABUV B767-3Z9ER Lufthansa (Star All) FRA 02AUG03 (8617892063) .jpg
 767-300 12 767-300 13
Convair CV-340
Convair CV-340, Lufthansa JP6986485.jpg
 CV-340
CV-440
Convair 440 D-ACAD Lufthansa Kastrup 10.03.68 edited-1.jpg
 CV-440
de Havilland DH.114 DH.114 14
Douglas DC-3
Douglas DC-3 Lufthansa D-CADE BelowRNose SATM 05June2013 (14414085769) .jpg
 DC-3
DC-10
Lufthansa DC-10 (6074181571) .jpg
 DC-10-30
Fokker F-27 F-27 15
Lockheed L-1049
Lockheed L-1049G Super Constellation, Lufthansa AN0155569.jpg
 L-1049G
L-1649
Lockheed Constellation L-1649A Starliner N974R Lufthansa RSide FOF 05March2011 (14589857452) .jpg
 L-1649A
Vickers viscount
Air exhibition Hermeskeil Vickers 814 Viscount - pic3.JPG
 Viscount 814
12 A machine leased from Condor
13 Two machines leased from Lauda Air
14th Rented a machine from Martinair
15th Rented from Condor

service

Lufthansa First Class Lounge at Frankfurt Airport

At Lufthansa, the service is divided into a system of up to four transport classes , consisting of Economy Class , Premium Economy Class , Business Class and First Class .

For customers in the higher classes and frequent fliers with Miles & More status or Star Alliance gold status, lounges are operated at some airports . These are divided into Business Class Lounges (access for frequent travelers and business class guests) and Senator Lounges (access for customers with Senator status and Star Alliance Gold customers). In addition, there are first class lounges in Frankfurt and Munich for the highest level of the frequent flyer program - Hon Circle status . The First Class Terminal in Frankfurt am Main is its own building and, in addition to the equipment of a First Class Lounge, provides its own check-in and security controls for First Class guests. From the first class lounges, guests are driven in limousines directly to their aircraft. At stations without LH's own lounges, authorized guests can usually use contract lounges or lounges of other Star Alliance members.

Cabin product

First class

First class of a Boeing 747-8I

First Class is only available on the long-haul fleet and basically consists of a compartment with eight seats in the front part ( A340-600 , Boeing 747-8I ) or in the upper deck of the aircraft ( Airbus A380-800 ). At the end of 2014, First Class removed from all 747-400 and A340-300s remaining in the fleet and, as of the 2018 summer flight schedule, from all A330-300s, which will now only fly in a three-class configuration. In First Class , Lufthansa offers a caviar service, dining on demand and exclusive wines . The seats are built in a 1-2-1 configuration.

Business class

Business class of a Boeing 747-8I
Business Class in an A321

On long journeys, the business class seats can be converted into a completely flat lying surface. These seats were introduced with the delivery of the first Boeing 747-8I and retrofitted in the rest of the fleet. They replace the previous model, which only offered an inclined bed surface.

The 747-8I and 747-400 have a 2-2 seat configuration on the upper deck, while the Boeing 747-800 has a 2-2-2 configuration on the main deck between First and Economy or Premium Economy Class. In the Boeing 747-400, the business class is installed on the main deck in a 2-3-2 configuration. Business Class is always installed in a 2-2-2 configuration in all aircraft in the Airbus fleet (A330-300, A340-300, A340-600, A350-900 and A380-800).

Long-haul catering usually consists of a multi-course menu, with several options to choose from for each course.

On short-haul and sometimes medium- haul routes, Lufthansa uses the principle of the "Movable Class Dividers", a movable curtain that hangs in the cabin and can be moved. The seats are the same as in Economy Class, but the middle seat remains empty and some of the seats have a little more legroom. The advantage of this system is that the business class can be enlarged or reduced according to demand. Food and service have been upgraded compared to Economy Class.

Premium Economy Class

Since November 22, 2014 Lufthansa has been offering a Premium Economy Class, which is located between Business and Economy Class. The class was initially available in the Boeing 747-8I and was retrofitted to the entire long-haul fleet by summer 2015.

Compared to Economy Class, the seat spacing (96.5 cm) has been increased, the seats are also wider, have a larger screen and can be leaned back 130 degrees.

In the Premium Economy, passengers receive a multi-course menu. The drinks menu corresponds to that of economy class.

Premium Economy Class passengers can check in an additional piece of baggage. Access to the Lufthansa Business Class Lounge is possible for an additional charge.

Economy class

Economy Class on an A340-600
Economy Class for short and medium-haul routes on an A321-200

From 2007 to 2014, the entire long-haul fleet was equipped with personal entertainment screens in economy class. Previously, the in-flight entertainment was shown on central monitors with restricted visibility depending on the seat and no choice. With the delivery of the new A350-900 , a new seat model was introduced in which the currently predominant gray was replaced by a blue.

For the short- and medium-haul fleet, Lufthansa presented the new "New Europe Cabin" (sic!) ( NEK for short ) on December 9, 2010 . It includes lighter and thinner seats and other cabin modifications, including, for example, the expansion of the toilets and the galley in the middle of the cabin of the Airbus A321-100 and -200. The short- and medium-haul fleet has neither personal screens nor monitors on the cabin ceiling. At the beginning of 2018 it was announced that a new seat would be introduced across the group (Lufthansa, Swiss and Austrian Airlines ). This should facilitate the exchange of aircraft among each other. For the time being, Eurowings and Brussels Airlines are excluded from this change.

Meals are offered on long-haul flights and there are usually two or more menu options to choose from. On short trips, passengers only get a small snack and a drink.

On-board internet access

2004 Lufthansa offered the first airline in long-haul aircraft under the name FlyNet an Internet access to during the flight. This was done in cooperation with Connexion by Boeing , but was discontinued by Boeing in 2006 due to a lack of profitability. Since the end of 2010 Lufthansa has been offering Internet access again in cooperation with Telekom, initially between Europe and North America. The entire long-haul fleet has been equipped with FlyNet since the end of 2014. FlyNet has meanwhile become available in the entire long-haul network with the exception of Chinese airspace and some northern polar regions. In addition, after a few tests, the retrofitting of all aircraft in the Airbus A320 family began in 2017 . There is a fee to use it, but a free portal with the latest news and sports broadcasts is available.

Frequent flyer program

A frequent flyer program has been running under the name Miles & More since 1993 . The European airlines Adria Airways , Austrian Airlines, Brussels Airlines, Croatia Airlines , LOT , Luxair and Swiss have joined this bonus system . Air One left the program following its takeover by Alitalia .

“Miles & More” came under fire from the end of 2010 because Lufthansa was accused of having devalued the value of the miles acquired too quickly and to the disadvantage of its members. Most recently, Lufthansa agreed on a settlement with a complaining member and agreed to make changes to the underlying mileage table only after a three-month lead time.

According to industry experts, the program, whose profit contribution has not yet been officially published in the annual report, contributed around EUR 700 million to consolidated profit in the 2012 financial year.

Children traveling alone and those in need of assistance

The main task of the “Rotkäppchenservice” or “Rotkäppchendienst”, launched on May 6, 1968 at Frankfurt Airport, is to look after children traveling alone and passengers with restricted mobility. When the care service was founded, the predominantly female employees, in contrast to the flying colleagues, wore a red pillbox (headgear) instead of a blue one. This was a clear identification feature for guests and airport employees and an impetus for the nickname "Little Red Riding Hood Service", which was quickly found. The Rotkäppchenservice looks after more than 270,000 passengers each year, including almost 50,000 children.

Caring for passengers with reduced mobility was the sole responsibility of the airlines until the airport operators were to take on this task in 2008 due to an EU regulation that clearly regulated the care of passengers with reduced mobility. In 2008 in Frankfurt am Main this led to the establishment of a joint venture between Fraport and Lufthansa called FraCareServices ( FraCareS ).

The service for children traveling alone is chargeable, the care of guests with reduced mobility is free. Both should be requested in advance from Lufthansa by phone or through the travel agency.

criticism

Repression of involvement in National Socialism / forced laborers in the Third Reich

With a view to the NSDAP regime , today's company has been shown to deliberately suppress its involvement in the National Socialist regime from 1933 to 1945 in its self-portrayal .

At the beginning of the Nazi era , until 1936, Lufthansa had the task of covering up armaments in aviation that were not permitted in Germany under the Versailles Peace Treaty . During the Second World War, Lufthansa's passenger planes were also used for war purposes.

According to the research results of Lutz Budraß from the Ruhr University in Bochum , it was confirmed for the first time from a scientific perspective that in the period from 1933 to 1945 the "old" Lufthansa employed forced laborers . During this time, the company has at least 10,000 men and women from different regions because of their ethnic origin. their affiliation to the Jewish religion and their political convictions. Its main activity was the repair of air force aircraft . According to Budraß, it turned out that Lufthansa's special role in the employment of forced laborers was neither an aberration nor a course of action imposed by the National Socialists, but a very deliberately accepted result of the profitability strategy of the then Lufthansa in order to avoid the failure of the actual Air traffic source of income To raise capital for a modernization of its fleet for the air traffic of the post-war period.

After the first research results became known within the framework of a commemorative publication prepared by Joachim Wachtel on the 75th anniversary of the founding of the "old" Lufthansa, today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG canceled the celebrations planned for January 6, 2001 for fear of recourse claims by survivors of the genocide of European Jews . The anniversary book was also not published. In the further public relations work of today's company, the year 1953 was named as the year of foundation , without, however, foregoing the pioneering deeds of the "old" Lufthansa, which flowed into the presentation of a harmless corporate tradition of today's airline Lufthansa.

In the ARD / arte film documentary, flying means winning. The journalist Christoph Weber reports the suppressed history of Deutsche Lufthansa about 17,000 forced laborers, including Jewish Germans, Ukrainians, Russians and members of other nations, who in Berlin-Staaken , Berlin-Tempelhof and Leipzig-Schkeuditz had to work mostly in aircraft repairs including children who had been dragged from school, trained and transported to Germany. Unlike most other comparable large companies, Lufthansa - according to Weber - had its history examined by a historian, but did not publish the result in book form.

Kurt Weigelt , Luft Hansa co-founder (1926), SS sponsor and war criminal, was both the last deputy chairman of the supervisory board of the then Lufthansa and chairman of the supervisory board of both the preparatory and founding company LUFTAG (1953–1954, see above ) as well as today's German Lufthansa AG. Even Kurt Knipfer was both at times of the Third Reich and in the 1950s a member of the supervisory boards above (each a ministry official).

On the grounds that Lufthansa was re-established after the Second World War, today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG denies any claim against the company for compensation and pension payments to former forced laborers. Regardless of this, today's company presents its first scheduled flight on April 1, 1955 as a “new beginning” for the traditional Lufthansa and in this context makes the technical advances in German commercial aviation before the founding of today's Deutsche Lufthansa AG its corporate history.

In 1999, the company transferred 40 million DM to the forced labor fund of the German economy .

Lufthansa investments in tax havens

In connection with the federal government's rescue plan for the airline as part of the corona pandemic , it became known that Lufthansa holds stakes in numerous tax havens, including the Cayman Islands . These have been officially on the EU's black list since Brexit . The EU accuses the archipelago in the Caribbean that the legislation there facilitates the establishment of offshore structures for tax evasion .

At the beginning of May 2020, SPD leader Norbert Walter-Borjans demanded in an interview that if the state were to become involved, there had to be clear conditions for public sector involvement. For example, it must be clarified why Lufthansa has subsidiaries in tax havens. Lufthansa had previously officially confirmed that it was negotiating a rescue package with the German state with a volume of nine billion euros. Accordingly, the federal government is aiming for a share of up to 25 percent plus one vote and representation on the supervisory board .

On May 12, 2020, in response to calls from some politicians for more transparency, the airline presented a list of its holdings. She said: "Of course, national and international legal and tax regulations are observed in all countries in which the Lufthansa Group operates."

An article in the Süddeutsche Zeitung by Frederik Obermaier and Klaus Ott on May 27, 2020 with the title Tax evasion: Hidden cash flows at Lufthansa has the subheading “Despite the state participation, the airline does not have to make all connections in tax havens public. Whether the company is cheating remains obscure. "

Incidents

Accidents

Since 1955, the year the new “Deutsche Lufthansa AG” started operating, the company's accident record shows eight total losses, with a total of 152 fatalities. Incidents of subsidiaries are not taken into account and can be found in their respective articles.

Kidnappings

In the company's chronicle there have so far been 13  hijackings ; Lufthansa, which was still state-owned until 1994, was a flag carrier of Germany and was one of the particularly endangered targets of global terrorist threats .

  • On February 22, 1972, a Boeing 747-200B ( D-ABYD , "Baden-Württemberg") was hijacked in Aden on the way from Delhi to Athens (see also Lufthansa flight 649 ) .
  • On July 10, 1972, a Boeing 737-100 was hijacked en route from Cologne to Munich.
  • On October 11, 1972, a Boeing 727 was hijacked en route from Lisbon to Frankfurt am Main.
  • On October 29, 1972, a Boeing 727-30 ( D-ABIG “ Kiel ”) was hijacked on the way from Beirut to Ankara and brought to Zagreb via Nicosia (see also Lufthansa flight 615 ) .
  • On December 17, 1973 a Boeing 737-100 ( D-ABEY " Worms ") was hijacked on the way from Rome to Munich to Kuwait.
  • On June 28, 1977, a Boeing 727 was hijacked in Munich on its way from Frankfurt am Main to Istanbul.
  • From October 13th to 18th, 1977, the hijacking of the aircraft “Landshut” , the Boeing 737-200 ( D-ABCE ), took place on the way from Palma de Mallorca to Frankfurt am Main. The flight captain Jürgen Schumann was murdered in Aden. The aircraft was finally successfully stormed at Mogadishu airport by GSG 9 (see also Lufthansa flight 181 ) .
  • On September 12, 1979, a Boeing 727-200 ( D-ABFI ) was hijacked en route from Frankfurt am Main to Cologne / Bonn.
  • On February 27, 1985, a Boeing 727-200 was hijacked in Vienna on its way from Frankfurt am Main to Damascus.
  • On March 27, 1985 the Boeing 727-200 " Ludwigshafen " was hijacked in Istanbul on its way from Munich to Athens.
  • On March 29, 1985, a Boeing 737-200 was hijacked in London from Hamburg.
  • On February 11, 1993, an Airbus A310-300 ( D-AIDM “ Chemnitz ”) was hijacked on the way from Frankfurt am Main to Addis Ababa via Hanover to New York City (see also Lufthansa flight 592 ) .
  • On December 28, 1999, a Bombardier CRJ200 ( D-ACJA ) coming from Prague was kidnapped en route to Düsseldorf, but landed in Düsseldorf as planned.

Wage disputes

The toughest collective bargaining dispute since Lufthansa was founded began in 2014. In November 2015, the corporate management reached an agreement with the cabin union UFO to resolve some of the conflict areas as part of an arbitration . Former Prime Minister Matthias Platzeck was appointed as the arbitrator . At the end of November 2015, Lufthansa reached an agreement with Ver.di on a new collective agreement for the roughly 33,000 ground staff; negotiations with pilots and flight attendants continued. The issues at stake included the company pension scheme and the entitlement of flight attendants and pilots to a transitional pension until retirement. The corporate management emphasizes the concern about the livelihood of the group, the unions fear about the livelihood of the employees. Another point of conflict is the restructuring of the Eurowings subsidiary , for which charges are not subject to the Lufthansa collective agreement. On July 5, 2016, an agreement was reached with the flight attendants. An agreement was reached on an increase in wages of around 5.5% and an annual profit sharing, which ultimately depends on the company's results. In return, the management did not guarantee a specific pension amount, but instead introduced a fixed employer contribution. In addition, Lufthansa receives protection against dismissal and / or open-ended employment contracts. The new collective agreement is valid until 2023.

On March 15, 2017, Lufthansa reached an agreement in principle with Vereinigung Cockpit on all disputed points as part of an overall solution. This includes, among other things, a one-off payment of 1.8 monthly salaries and a total of 11.4% more salary for the entire period from May 2012 to June 2022. Furthermore, the plan of Lufthansa board member Harry Hohmeister , who provided for the establishment of a new airline, is no longer being pursued. The "JUMP" project, in which Airbus A340-300s are operated by Lufthansa CityLine pilots and fly to tourist destinations in order to save costs, will in future be covered by the Lufthansa pilots' collective agreement. By 2022, almost 600 new positions for trainee captains and 700 new positions for young pilots are to be created. Lufthansa guarantees the pilots, among other things, possession of at least 325 aircraft within the group. The contracts apply to pilots from Lufthansa Cargo and Lufthansa. The agreement is not yet binding, but the details and formalities should be clarified by summer 2017.

Movies

  • Christoph Weber: To fly means to win - The suppressed history of Deutsche Lufthansa. 50 min., WDR / Arte , D 2010.

literature

  • Rudolf Braunburg: crane in the sun. The history of Lufthansa. Fischer-TB.-Verlag, Frankfurt 1982, ISBN 3-596-23034-9 .
  • Rudolf Braunburg: The history of Lufthansa. From the double-decker to the Airbus. Rasch and Röhring, Hamburg 1991, ISBN 3-89136-416-4 .
  • Sven A Helm: Deutsche Lufthansa AG: Your corporate and group law development. Dissertation . Peter Lang, Frankfurt / Berlin / Bern / Brussels / New York / Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-631-34715-4 .
  • 75 years of Lufthansa. Gera Nova Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-89724-830-1 .
  • Günter Stauch (ed.): The big book of Lufthansa. From the 'Aunt Ju' to the super jumbo. Verlag Geramond, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-7654-7248-4 .
  • Klaus-Jochen Rieger: 50 years of Lufthansa. A success story in facts, pictures and data. Heel Verlag, Königswinter 2005, ISBN 3-89880-411-9 .
  • Jochen K. Beeck: Under the sign of the crane. Lufthansa aircraft 1926–2006. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-613-02668-6 .
  • Jens Müller, Karen Weiland: A5 / 05: Lufthansa + Graphic Design - Visual history of an airline. Lars Müller Publishing House, Baden 2012, ISBN 978-3-03778-267-5 .
  • Lutz Budrass : Eagle and crane: Lufthansa and its history 1926–1955. Karl Blessing Verlag, Munich 2016, ISBN 3-89667-481-1 .

See also

Web links

Commons : Lufthansa  - collection of images
Wiktionary: Lufthansa  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Wikivoyage: Lufthansa  travel guide
 Wikinews: Portal: Deutsche Lufthansa  - in the news

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Network Airlines division. In: Annual Report 2019. Deutsche Lufthansa AG, accessed on June 7, 2020 .
  2. ^ Network Airlines. In: lufthansagroup.com. Deutsche Lufthansa AG, accessed on March 30, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Company profile . In: lufthansagroup.com. Deutsche Lufthansa AG, accessed on March 25, 2019 .
  4. ^ A Chronological History. In: staralliance.com. Star Alliance, May 8, 2017, accessed March 30, 2019 .
  5. ↑ tagesschau.de: Lufthansa continues to be Europe's largest airline. Retrieved March 27, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Dax relegation seals Deutschlandradio , June 22, 2020
  7. ↑ "As you can see in the April 1926 issue of the early aviation magazine 'Ikarus', the name of the planned new airline, reminiscent of the medieval Hanseatic League, was 'born' in Dresden - it is said to have been used for the first time in the summer of 1924 in Dresden City Hall the opening of the Dresden - Munich flight connection was celebrated. ”Quoted from: The name Luft Hansa was born in Dresden ( Memento from January 30, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) , announcement from the Lufthansa Group of August 10, 2015 (PDF). Retrieved January 30, 2017.
  8. ^ NDR - Alles ist Hanse - the invention of a seal of approval , June 9, 2016
  9. ↑ Niels Klußmann, Arnim Malik - Important dates in the history of Lufthansa. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
  10. ↑ Lutz Budrass : Eagle and Crane, Lufthansa and its history 1926-1955 . Blessing Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-641-11246-2 .
  11. ↑ a b Johannes Bähr : Review by Lutz Budrass, Adler und Kranich in: Sehepunkte Issue 17 (2017), No. 10, accessed on August 7, 2018
  12. ^ A b Sarah Hofmann: History of Lufthansa, outrage about the lack of clarification in Deutschlandfunk from May 2, 2016, accessed on August 7, 2018
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  14. ↑ a b chronik.lufthansagroup.com
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  30. ↑ To https://www.airbus.com/aircraft/market/orders-deliveries.html ; 20 orders sent to Eurowings have already been withdrawn; Proof: https://www.aerotelegraph.com/eurowings-wird-basen-schliessen
  31. ↑ a b c Lufthansa announces shrinkage package - Germanwings-Aus decided. Retrieved April 7, 2020 .
  32. ↑ lufthansagroup.com - Lufthansa Supervisory Board approves the order for twelve aircraft for the Group, September 29, 2011 ( Memento of February 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  33. ↑ aero.de - Airbus books three Lufthansa A380s , October 7, 2013
  34. ↑ Lufthansa names the first A380. Spiegel Online , May 19, 2010, accessed June 15, 2010 .
  35. ↑ lufthansagroup.com - Lufthansa is expanding its long-haul network: New destinations from Munich and Frankfurt in the summer of 2018, June 13, 2017 ( memento of June 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 26, 2019
  36. ↑ Lufthansa is withdrawing from the Boeing 777X. November 8, 2019, accessed August 13, 2020 .
  37. ↑ Boeing 777-9 will probably come later. July 25, 2020, accessed July 26, 2020 .
  38. ↑ Lufthansa Group: Fleet order. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
  39. ↑ Six A380s are sorted out: Lufthansa orders A350-900 and Boeing 787-9. In: aeroTELEGRAPH. March 13, 2019, accessed on March 13, 2019 (German).
  40. ↑ Deutsche Lufthansa AG (Ed.): Sustainability Report Balance . Frankfurt am Main July 2018, p. 97 .
  41. ↑ LH Cityline says goodbye to the last Avro jet. airliners.de, August 27, 2012, accessed on July 31, 2013 .
  42. ↑ airbus.com - Lufthansa Supervisory Board approves major Airbus order. (No longer available online.) March 14, 2013, archived from the original on March 19, 2013 ; accessed on May 26, 2019 .
  43. ↑ Airbus - Lufthansa, Airbus' biggest airline customer, commits to up to 55 A350s , September 19, 2013, accessed on September 19, 2013
  44. ↑ fraport.de - Package of measures "Fly more quietly", September 8, 2015 ( Memento from October 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  45. ↑ COMKOM ° GmbH, Germany: # ThankYou737: Final day of work for Lufthansa's Boeing 737s. (No longer available online.) In: lufthansagroup.com. Archived from the original on October 23, 2016 ; accessed on May 26, 2019 .
  46. ↑ Last scheduled flights of the Lufthansa Boeing 737 fleet. (No longer available online.) Lufthansa.de, October 30, 2016, archived from the original on January 15, 2017 ; accessed on May 26, 2019 .
  47. ↑ gk: First Lufthansa Airbus A350 arrives in Munich. In: airliners.de. December 21, 2016, accessed February 6, 2017 .
  48. ↑ ie: Lufthansa is putting pressure on Fraport. Frankfurter Neue Presse, March 17, 2017, accessed on March 18, 2017 .
  49. ↑ Lufthansa leases Fokker 100. airliners.de, March 7, 2018, accessed on March 9, 2018 .
  50. ↑ planespotters.net - Lufthansa Fleet Details and History (English), accessed on May 17, 2017
  51. ↑ Overview of the names in the Lufthansa fleet (unfortunately out of date) ( Memento from August 19, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  52. ↑ aero.de - Lufthansa's first A380s are called “Frankfurt am Main” and “Munich”, February 5, 2010 , accessed on August 22, 2010
  53. ↑ Fleet information. Archived from the original ; accessed on March 24, 2019 .
  54. ↑ Flugrevue.de - Federal Chancellor names A380 "Germany" , accessed on November 19, 2015
  55. ↑ Uwe Mauch: The last newly purchased A 350 from Lufthansa is named after Freiburg. Badische Zeitung, July 3, 2020, accessed on July 6, 2020 .
  56. ↑ jp aircraft-markings and JP airline-fleets international, various years
  57. ↑ Flight International, various years
  58. ↑ Airplanes of Deutsche Lufthansa, Erich H. Heimann, Stuttgart 1980.
  59. ^ Marson, Peter J. The Lockheed Constellation (2 volumes). Air-Britain (Historians), Tonbridge, 2007, pp. 233 and 235.
  60. ↑ Lufthansa starts installing the Premium Economy. aero.de, September 17, 2014, accessed on September 21, 2014 .
  61. ↑ lufthansa.com - Lufthansa First Class , accessed on April 1, 2017
  62. ↑ finanznachrichten.de - Lufthansa starts new First Class in 2008 , December 19, 2006
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  64. ↑ Culinary enjoyment & vinotheque. Retrieved August 14, 2020 .
  65. ↑ https://www.lufthansa.com/de/de/74e. Retrieved May 28, 2020 .
  66. ↑ mucforum.de - PTV - Personel TV List ( Memento from April 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  67. ↑ lufthansa.com - Flynet: All information at a glance , accessed on November 24, 2014
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  69. ↑ Concession to frequent flyers: Lufthansa ends the mileage war. Der Spiegel , February 11, 2013, accessed on February 20, 2013 .
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  72. ↑ Tips for family travel - school children: Alone on a long journey. In: Focus Online . Retrieved December 23, 2014 .
  73. ↑ lufthansa.com - Children traveling alone
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  75. ↑ Manfred Köhler, TV film causes unrest at Lufthansa , in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , Rhein-Main, August 4, 2010 ( online )
  76. ↑ taz.de: Arte-Doku - Der Führer flew for free , July 21, 2010
  77. ↑ ARD / arte documentation from July 2010 by Christoph Weber : "To fly means to win - the suppressed history of Deutsche Lufthansa"
  78. ↑ a b "The brown history of Lufthansa" , article in the "[Mittelbayerische Zeitung]" from March 11, 2016
  79. ^ From the "Chronicle of Frankfurt am Main Airport: From the estate of Traffic Director Rudolf Lange of Flughafen Frankfurt AG" by Rudolf Lange, International Advisory Group Air Navigation Services (ANSA), October 1, 1975, 676 pages
  80. ↑ Caption on the website of the Nyhetsbyrån photo and news agency
  81. ↑ Christoph Weber , in “To fly means to win. The suppressed history of Deutsche Lufthansa ”, Documentation 2009, produced by WDR
  82. ↑ Kurt Knipfer: Short biography in the Federal Archives
  83. ↑ Crane under the swastika - Lutz Budrass in conversation with Katrin Heise , recording by Deutschlandfunk from March 12, 2016
  84. ↑ Adler und Kranich ( Memento from January 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) at ttt - titel, thesen, temperamente , March 13, 2016
  85. ↑ tagesschau.de: EU blacklisted Cayman Islands , February 18, 2020 (accessed on May 13, 2020)
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  87. ^ Süddeutsche Zeitung: First in the tax haven, then saved by the state? April 30, 2020, accessed on May 24, 2020 (German).
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  89. ^ Spiegel: Criticism of Lufthansa list about business in tax havens . May 13, 2020
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  100. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report A320 D-AIPN in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  101. ↑ Aviation: Premature applause . In: Der Spiegel . No. 38 , 1993, pp. 280-285 ( online - 20 September 1993 ).
  102. ↑ Flight accident data and report D-ABYD in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  103. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  104. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  105. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report D-ABIG in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  106. ↑ D-ABEY flight accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  107. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  108. ↑ Flight accident data and report D-ABCE in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  109. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report D-ABFI in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  110. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  111. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  112. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  113. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report D-AIDM in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  114. ↑ D-ACJA flight accident data and report in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
  115. ↑ Conflict with the cabin crew: Platzeck should mediate at Lufthansa. Spiegel Online , November 27, 2015, accessed December 4, 2015 .
  116. ↑ Agreement in the labor dispute: Lufthansa and Ver.di decide on tariff for ground staff. Spiegel Online , November 28, 2015, accessed December 4, 2015 .
  117. ↑ Lufthansa “Job Summit”: Everything should get better now. Spiegel Online , December 3, 2015, accessed December 4, 2015 .
  118. ^ Frank-Thomas Wenzel: Lufthansa tariff dispute: Pilots strike for the 14th time in a year and a half. Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger , September 7, 2015, accessed on December 4, 2015 .
  119. ↑ Lufthansa and flight attendants: The ongoing dispute is over. Handelsblatt , July 5, 2016, accessed on May 30, 2017 .
  120. ↑ The pilots' union “Cockpit” and Lufthansa settle their ongoing dispute. Focus Online , March 15, 2017, accessed March 17, 2017 .
  121. ↑ Dark Years of the Crane in FAZ from April 4, 2016, page 16
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This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on February 12, 2008 .