Dernbach (Westerwald)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the local community Dernbach (Westerwald)
Dernbach (Westerwald)
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Dernbach (Westerwald) highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 28 '  N , 7 ° 47'  E

Basic data
State : Rhineland-Palatinate
County : Westerwaldkreis
Association municipality : Wirges
Height : 260 m above sea level NHN
Area : 8.73 km 2
Residents: 2473 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 283 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 56428
Area code : 02602
License plate : WW
Community key : 07 1 43 010
Community structure: 6 districts
Website : https://www.wirges.de/gemeinden/dernbach/
Local Mayor : Andreas Quirmbach ( CDU )
Location of the local community Dernbach (Westerwald) in the Westerwaldkreis
map
Dernbach (Westerwald), aerial photo (2016)
Panorama of Dernbach (detail) with the parish church of St. Laurentius

Dernbach (Westerwald) is a municipality in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Wirges . According to state planning, Dernbach is designated as a medium-sized center.

The place became known nationwide through the Dernbach motorway triangle and the Catholic order of the Dernbach Sisters .

etymology

In contrast to most of the communities in the region, Dernbach does not have a Franconian, but a Celtic name, which by the way does not indicate a (so early) settlement. The word means "forest stream" and only gained importance as a place and family name in the High Middle Ages. The most common spellings are: Derinbach, Derenbach, Dermbach, Teernbach and (around 1800) officially Dörnbach. Since there were already several villages with the same name in the 13th century, the phrase “Derinbach im Banne Montabaur” is used in the old documents and texts to avoid confusion. The correct form today is Dernbach, or colloquially "Dernbach bei Montabaur".

geography

The village is located north of Montabaur on the northeastern edge of the wooded Montabaurer Höhe and belongs to the Nassau Nature Park , which has its highest elevations there.

The community includes the living spaces Auf dem Köppel, Grenzweg, Klosterhof Maria-Hilf, Ritzmühle and Waldhof.

geology

To the northeast of Dernbach begins the so-called Emser Gangrevier (about 35 km long) with an extraordinary gait behavior. Besides minerals such bromargyrite , Jodargyrit , Capgaronnit and Embolit that can only be found here, especially deposits of are Eisenstein , lead - and silver ores since frühester time known.

climate

With normal temperatures (monthly averages) of - 2 ° C in January to over 22 ° C in July and monthly rainfall of 60 mm (statistical annual average), the local climate is considered to be temperate, warm and relatively rich in precipitation.

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Dernbach
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 2.7 4.3 8.5 13.2 17.6 20.9 22.2 21.5 19.0 13.2 7.1 4.0 O 12.9
Min. Temperature (° C) −2.1 −1.7 0.5 3.8 7.4 10.8 12.3 12.1 9.6 5.7 2.1 −0.6 O 5
Temperature (° C) 0.3 1.3 4.5 8.5 12.5 15.8 17.2 16.8 14.3 9.4 4.6 1.7 O 8.9
Precipitation ( mm ) 61 48 54 46 62 70 71 69 58 55 61 69 Σ 724
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
2.7
−2.1
4.3
−1.7
8.5
0.5
13.2
3.8
17.6
7.4
20.9
10.8
22.2
12.3
21.5
12.1
19.0
9.6
13.2
5.7
7.1
2.1
4.0
−0.6
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		61
48
54
46
62
70
71
69
58
55
61
69
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source:

history

West view (detail) of the restored courtyard in Dernbach

Dernbach was first mentioned in 1220 as "derinbach". At that time, the medieval townscape was still completely dominated by the moated castle on a high plateau and the St. Laurentius Chapel right next to it. The sacred building in the late Romanesque style was probably built after 1136, while the castle of the " Lords of Dernbach " (first mentioned in 1213) was built around 1200. The low-nobility knights from the following of the powerful and widely ramified Isenburg (recognizable by their coat of arms), who u. a. were related to the Staffel house (near Limburg), had a documented connection with the Lords of Grenzau and belonged to the Humbach / Montabaur castle team from 1217, died out towards the end of the 14th century. Dernbach Castle , sold to Dietrich von Isenburg-Grenzau in 1380, was bequeathed to his sons-in-law Wilhelm von Staffel and Friedrich "Hilgen" von Lorch after his death in 1416, before Hilchen von Lorch (headquarters: Lorch a. R. ) she and the The associated mill (later called "Ritzmühle") took over as sole masters and held them for about 300 years. In the early "Nassau period" (1812–15) the historic castle was converted into today's courtyard. The venerable St. Laurentius Chapel, on the other hand, remained largely unchanged until the beginning of the 20th century. It was resigned on January 14, 1901.

Mining

Although the iron stone mining and the mining of silver (for medieval coinage) have always been promoted by the archbishops of the Electorate of Trier , the oldest written evidence of an iron mine near Dernbach dates from after 1614. The "old mine" formed the basis and the output of the industrial creations of business family of Johann Marioth from Liege, as the overseer later in Montabaur several mines and ironworks had Westerwald. The so-called Mariot'sche Kompagnie (founded in 1672) operated the tunnel construction until 1758; after the takeover by the Nieverner Hütte, the production stopped until the middle of the 19th century (almost 100 years). In 1873/74 the mining company Phönix resumed operations. In the first half of the 20th century, the Dernbacher mines experienced a final boom before they were closed in 1945 under the conditions of the shortage economy during the two world wars (East) of Dernbach are reminiscent of the over four hundred year old mining history of the place.

school

Pastor Giesendorf Primary School in Dernbach near Montabaur

Dernbach had an independent school operation long before the introduction of compulsory schooling in the Duchy of Nassau (1806–1866). The school chronicle, begun in 1821, records a former employee of the castle, who still served under the von Hilchen family, as the first teacher in the electoral Trier village. The successor taught in his home on Hauptstrasse from 1750 (after 1970 the bank branch) before the community built a public classroom in 1767 and the first school building in 1779 on what later became the town hall square (now the parish center). When Dernbach was appointed its own school district (1817), the organization of lessons for more than one hundred pupils was already a challenge that - given the rapidly growing number of residents and children - could only be mastered over time in several “departments”. The situation did not ease when the pupils of the Dernbach sisters who joined the monastery after the founding of the monastery were given their own orphanage school in 1854. Only the new and larger school from 1866 (right next to the mother house) was able to cope with the rush of over two hundred school children. It served the community - with an extension from 1912 - for two decades after the Second World War as an “elementary school” until the multi-million dollar project “Pfarrer-Giesendorf-Schule” in Hilchenstrasse was successfully implemented in 1965. Today it is set up as a supervisory primary school.

church

Parish church of St. Laurentius from 1901 in Dernbach

The historic St. Lawrence chapel of the 12th century was the first known church in the region and also the oldest, most distinctive and most important solid building next to the castle, in which the local noble family, a separate chancel ( chapel ) in honor of the Holy Cross available was standing. In the Lady Chapel (probably a foundation of the castle), which was built in the 17th century a little apart from “beym holy born”, masses were also read on weekdays and on holidays . In addition, the people who were obliged to take communion were dependent on the main church in Wirges (then a parish , now a new type of parish ). Nevertheless, in the 18th and 19th centuries there were repeated efforts to build a large parish church of its own , which, according to the general opinion, should be located in the middle of the village if possible. After the devastating fire of 1894 ( Pentecost Sunday ) the location issue had been resolved and all other hurdles had been overcome with significant support from the monastery, the Dernbach basilica was completed in just two years under the direction of a Freiburg builder and was completed on August 10, 1901 (the feast day of St. Laurentius ) will be inaugurated by Bishop Dominikus Willi . The appointment as an independent parish in the Diocese of Limburg took place on March 1, 1914 - a few months before the outbreak of the First World War .

Katharina Kasper

Katharina Kasper (1820–1898)

Dernbach became known nationally and internationally through the life and work of his most important daughter, St. Maria Katharina Kasper. With the support of the then bishop, Peter Joseph Blum , she founded the first new monastery in the Limburg diocese in 1851 in her home town of Dernbach . This was followed by further branches in Germany (starting in 1853), in Europe and in the United States of America (from 1868).

Population development

The development of the population of Dernbach (Westerwald), the values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses:

year Residents
1815 668
1835 822
1871 1,093
1905 1,763
1939 1,998
1950 2,272
1961 2,543
year Residents
1970 2,759
1987 2,504
1997 2,676
2005 2,526
2011 2,375
2017 2,499
Population development of Dernbach from 1815 to 2017 according to the table below

religion

The vast majority of the population is Roman Catholic. In the center of the village is the Catholic parish church of St. Laurentius, which belongs to the Limburg diocese. The Catholic Order of Poor Maidservants of Jesus Christ has its headquarters in Dernbach. The approximately 300 Protestant Christians of Dernbach are cared for by the Protestant Martin Luther parish in Wirges.

politics

Municipal council

Dernbach town hall from 1950/52 with fountain

The council in Dernbach (Westerwald) consists of 16 council members, who in the local elections on May 26, 2019Template: future / in 3 years in a majority vote were elected, and the honorary mayor as chairman.

mayor

Andreas Quirmbach (CDU) became mayor of Dernbach in 2009. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was confirmed in his office for a further five years with a share of 77.81% of the votes. In May 2020, however, Quirmbach announced that he would resign from office for health reasons in spring 2021.

Quirmbach's predecessor was Joachim Letschert.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Dernbach
 Blazon : "Coat of arms divided four times by red, silver, black, silver and red."
Justification for the coat of arms: The bar ornamentation and colors go back to the shield of the Knights of Dernbach, who by using the two bars of the House of Isenburg (red and black for Nieder- and Ober-Isenburg) reveals their origins as an Isenburg ministerial family .

Economy and Infrastructure

education

Dernbach has a primary school, the Pfarrer-Giesendorf-Schule, and the Raiffeisen-Campus, a private G8 / GTS-Gymnasium sponsored by Raiffeisen-Campus eG.

Station building from 1902/06, today used for other purposes

traffic

Sacred Heart Hospital on the Südring

hospital

Since 1904 Dernbach has been the location of the Sacred Heart Hospital of the Congregation of the Poor Maidservants of Jesus Christ . The historic building complex on Rheinstrasse / Südring (now the so-called Herz-Jesu-Heim) was supplemented by a modern new building in 1972.

monastery

Mother house of the order community of poor servants of Jesus Christ in Dernbach

The “Maria Hilf” monastery of St. Maria Katharina Kasper and the parish church of St. Laurentius (1901) form the center of Dernbach. After modest beginnings around 1850/51, the first “little monastery” of the former “Pious Association” of young girls for the steadily expanding religious community was continuously expanded and adapted to the requirements of the time to this day. After the extensive new building from 1961/66, the renovated monastery church is the only remaining part of the former mother house. In the monastery church are the bones of St. Maria Katharina Kasper.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

1926: Max Eugen Domarus (1866–1946), director of the Wiesbaden State Archives, author of the “History of Dernbach”, instead the first honorary citizen of Dernbach, often stayed here to relax as a guest of the Dernbach sisters. The Dr.-Domarus-Straße in Dernbach was named after him.

Sons and daughters

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
  2. ^ A b State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate: My village, my city. Retrieved July 30, 2019 .
  3. ^ Paul Vogt: The place names in Engersgau. Strüder'sche Buchdruckerei and Buchhandlung, Neuwied 1890.
  4. ↑ Max Domarus: History of Dernbach . Ed .: Association for Monument Protection and Heritage Preservation Dernbach. August 1926.
  5. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 [ Version 2020 is available. ] . S. 82 (PDF; 3 MB).
  6. ↑ Grube Schöne Aussicht. In: Mineralienatlas - Fossilatlas. Retrieved December 30, 2016 .
  7. ↑ Bad Ems - Braubach. In: Minerals from the Taunus. Retrieved December 30, 2016 .
  8. ↑ AM Online Projects: Climate Dernbach
  9. ↑ a b Marianne Pöller: Chronicle of Dernbach . Self-published, 1976/77, p. 125-129, 193-205 .
  10. ^ Hellmuth Gensicke : Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes . Self-published by the Historical Commission for Nassau in Wiesbaden, 1958, p. 160, 233 .
  11. ↑ Marianne Pöller: Chronicle of Dernbach. Self-published, 1976/77, pp. 101-123.
  12. ↑ Max Domarus: History of Dernbach . Ed .: Association for Monument Protection and Heritage Preservation Dernbach. August 1926.
  13. ^ Bishopric Limburg, St. Laurentius Dernbach . Retrieved January 8, 2011.
  14. ↑ Evangelical Martin Luther Church Congregation Wirges . Retrieved January 8, 2011.
  15. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections. Retrieved July 30, 2019 .
  16. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Wirges, Verbandsgemeinde, second line of results. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  17. ↑ Stephanie Kühr: Andreas Quirmbach stops: Why the Dernbach local chief wants to give up his mayor's office. Westerwälder Zeitung, May 18, 2020, accessed on June 29, 2020 .
  18. ↑ Dernbach fire brigade has new defense management - High distinction for Armin Nörtershäuser. Voluntary fire brigade Dernbach / Ww., September 2, 2008, accessed on June 29, 2020 .
  19. ^ Hellmuth Gensicke: Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes. Wiesbaden 1958, p. 229