List of heads of state 1256

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Overview
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Africa

Egypt ( Mamlucken )
- Sultan : Izz ad-Din Aibak (1250–1257)

Algeria ( Abdalwadiden )
- Sultan : Abu Yahya ibn Zayyan (1236-1282)

Ethiopia
- Emperor (Negus Negest) : Mairari (1247–1262)

Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
- Caliph : Muhammad I al-Mustansir (1249-1277)

Kingdom of Kanem-Bornu
- King : Kaday I (1242–1270)

Kingdom of Mali
- King : Sundiata Keïta (1240–1260)

Morocco
- Almohads in Marrakech
  - Caliph : Umar al-Mustafiq (1248-1266)
- Merinids in Fez
  - Sultan : Abu Yahya Abu Bakr (1244–1258)

Empire Kanem
- King : Kaday I (1242–1270)

America

Inca Empire
- Sinchi : Sinchi Roca (approx. 1230 – approx. 1260)

Asia

Bagan
- King : Narathihapate (1254–1287)

Champa
- King : Jaya Indravarman V (1252–1257)

China ( Song Dynasty )
- Emperor : Lizong (1224-1264)

Georgia
- King : David VII. (1246-1270)

Empire of the Golden Horde
- Khan : Sartaq Khan (1255-1256)
- Khan: Berke Khan (1256 / 57-1267)

India
- Ahom (Assam)
  - King : Sukaphaa (1228–1268)
- Chola (in South India)
  - King : Rajaraja Chola III. (1218–1256)
  - King: Rajendra Chola III. (1246-1279)
- Delhi
  - Sultan : Nasir ud din Mahmud I (1246–1266)
- Hoysala (in today's Karnataka)
  - King : Narasimha III. (1254-1291)
- Pandya (in South India)
  - King : Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251–1268)

Japan
- Emperor : Go-Fukakusa (1246–1259)
- Shogun ( Kamakura ): Munetaka (1252-1266)

Abbasid Caliphate
- Caliph : Al-Mustasim (1242–1258)

Kambuja ( Khmer )
- King : Jayavarman VIII (1243-1295)

Lesser Armenia
- King : Hethum I (1226–1269)

Korea ( Goryeo Dynasty )
- King : Gojong (1213–1259)

Crusader States
- Kingdom of Jerusalem
  - King : Konrad III. (1254-1268)
- Principality of Antioch
  - Prince : Bohemond VI. (1252-1268)
- Tripoli county
  - Count : Bohemond VI. (1252-1275)

Mongolia
- Great Khan : Möngke Khan (1251–1259)

Persia
- Ilchan : Hülegü (1256–1265)

Ryūkyū Islands
- King: Gihon (1249–1259)

Seljuks
- Rum Seljuks
  - Sultan : Kai Kaus II. (1246–1257)
  - Sultan: Kılıç Arslan IV. (1248-1265)
  - Sultan: Kai Kobad II. (1249–1257)

Thailand
- Sukhothai
  - King : Sri Indraditya (1238-1270)

Trebizond
- Emperor : Manuel I (1238–1263)

Vietnam (Tran Dynasty)
- Emperor : Trần Cảnh (1226–1258)

Europe

Achaia
- Prince : Wilhelm II of Villehardouin (1246–1278)

Archipelagos
- Duke : Angelo (1227–1262)

Athens
- Duke : Guido I. de la Roche (1225–1263)

Bulgaria
- Tsar : Michael II. Assen (1246–1256)
- Tsar: Kaliman II Assen (1256)
- Tsar: Mizo Assen (1256–1257)

Byzantine Empire
- Empire of Nikaia
  - Emperor : Theodoros II. Laskaris (1254–1258)
- Latin Empire
  - Emperor : Baldwin II (1228–1261)

Denmark
- King : Christoph I (1252–1259)

Teutonic Order State
- Grand Master : Poppo von Osterna (1252–1256)
- Grand Master: Anno von Sangerhausen (1256–1273)

England
- King : Heinrich III. (1216-1272)

Epirus
- Despot : Michael II. Angelus (1230–1267 / 68)

France
- King : Louis IX. (1226-1270)
- Armagnac
  - Count : Eschivat de Chabanais (1255–1256)
  - Count: Géraud VI. (1256-1285)
- Artois
  - Count : Robert II (1250–1302)
- Astarac
  - Count : Bernard III. (1249-1291)
- Aumale
  - Count : Ferdinand II. (1252-1260)
- Auvergne (county)
  - Count : Robert V (1247–1276)
- Auvergne (Dauphiné)
  - Dauphin : Robert II (1240–1262)
- Auxerre
  - Countess : Mathilde von Courtenay (1192–1257)
- bar
  - Count : Theobald II. (1239–1291)
- Blois
  - Count : Johann von Châtillon (1249–1279)
- Brittany
  - Duke : Johann I (1221–1286)
- Burgundy (Duchy)
  - Duke : Hugo IV (1218–1272)
- Burgundy (Free County)
  - Countess Palatine : Adelheid (1248–1279)
- Champagne
  - Count : Theobald V. (1253-1270)
- Chartres
  - Countess : Mathilde d'Amboise (1248–1269)
- Comminges
  - Count : Bernard VI. (1241–1295 (?))
- Dauphiné
  - Count : Guigues VII. (1237-1269)
- Dreux
  - Count : Robert IV (1249–1282)
- Eu
  - Count : Alfons of Brienne (1249–1270)
- Foix
  - Count : Roger IV (1241–1265)
- Marche
  - Count : Hugo XII. of Lusignan (1250–1270)
- Narbonne
  - Vice Count : Amalric I (1239-1270)
- Nevers
  - Countess : Mathilde von Courtenay (1192–1257)
- orange
  - Prince : Raimund I (1219–1282)
- Penthièvre
  - Countess : Jolantha (1235-1272)
- Périgord
  - Count : Archambaud III. (1251-1294)
- Provence
  - Countess : Beatrix (1245–1267)
- Rethel
  - Count : Gaucher (1251–1262)
- Rodez
  - Count : Hugo IV. (1221–1274)
- Rouergue
  - Countess : Johanna (1249–1271)
- Sancerre
  - Count : Ludwig I (1218–1268)
- Tonnerre
  - Countess : Mathilde von Courtenay (1192–1257)
- Toulouse county
  - Countess : Johanna (1249–1271)
- Vendôme
  - Count : Burchard V. (1249-1270)

Holy Roman Empire
- King : William of Holland (1254–1256) (1248–1254 opposing king)
- Electorates
  - Archbishopric of Cologne
    - Archbishop : Konrad von Hochstaden (1238–1261)
  - Archbishopric Mainz
    - Archbishop : Gerhard I. Wildgraf von Dhaun (1251–1259)
  - Archbishopric Trier
    - Archbishop : Arnold II of Isenburg (1242–1259)
  - Bohemia
    - King : Ottokar II. Přemysl (1253–1278)
  - Brandenburg
    - Johannine Line (Stendal)
      - Margrave : Johann I (1220–1266)
    - Ottonian Line (Salzwedel)
      - Margrave : Otto III. (1220-1267)
  - Electoral Palatinate
    - Count Palatine : Ludwig II. The Strict (1253–1294)
  - Saxony
    - Duke : Albrecht I (1212-1260)
- spiritual principalities
  - Hochstift Augsburg
    - Bishop : Hartmann von Dillingen (1248–1286)
  - Bamberg Monastery
    - Bishop : Heinrich I of Bilversheim (1242–1257)
  - Hochstift Basel
    - Bishop : Berthold II of Pfirt (1248–1262)
  - Besançon Archbishopric
    - Archbishop : Guillaume II. De la Tour (1245–1268)
  - Brandenburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Otto von Mehringen (1251–1260 / 61)
  - Archbishopric Bremen-Hamburg
    - Archbishop / Bishop : Gebhard II. Zur Lippe (1219–1258)

Italy
- Ferrara
  - Podestà : Azzo VII. D'Este (1215–1264)
- Papal States
  - Pope : Alexander IV (1254–1261)
- Montferrat
  - Margrave : Wilhelm VII. (1253 / 55–1290)
- Saluzzo
  - Margrave : Thomas I (1244–1296)
- Savoy
  - Count : Bonifaz (1253–1263)
- Sicily
  - King : Konradin (1254–1258)
- Venice
  - Doge : Renier Zen (1253-1268)
- Verona
  - Podestà: Ezzelino da Romano (1236–1259)

Livonia ( German Order )
- Landmeister : Anno von Sangerhausen (1254–1257)

Norway
- King : Håkon IV. Håkonsson (1217–1263)

Poland
- Senior Duke : Boleslaw V (1243–1279)
- Pomeranian
  - Danzig
    - Duke: Swantopolk II. (1220–1266)
  - Love show
    - Duke: Sambor II. (1220-1272)

Portugal
- King : Alfonso III. (1248-1279)

Russia
- Vladimir
  - Grand Duke : Alexander Newski (1252–1263)

Silesia
- Wroclaw
  - Duke : Heinrich III. the white one (1248–1266)
  - Duke: Wladyslaw (1248-1270)
- Glogau
  - Duke: Conrad I (1251–1273 / 74)
- Liegnitz
  - Duke: Boleslaw II. The Bald (1248–1278)
- Upper Silesia (Opole-Ratibor)
  - Duke: Wladyslaw I (1246–1281 / 82)

Scotland
- King : Alexander III. (1249-1286)

Sweden
- King : Valdemar Birgersson (1250–1275)

Serbia
- King : Stefan Uroš I (1243–1276)

Spain
- Aragon
  - King : Jacob I (1213–1276)
- Granada ( Nasrid )
  - Emir : Muhammad I ibn Nasr (1232-1273)
- Castile and Leon
  - King : Alfonso X the Wise (1252–1284)
- Navarre
  - King : Theobald II (1253–1270)
- Urgell
  - Count : Álvaro (1243–1268)

Hungary
- King : Béla IV. (1235-1270)

Wallachia
- Prince : Mihai I (1245–1273)

Wales
- Deheubarth (1234–1286 under the suzerainty of Gwynedd)
  - Prince : Maredudd ap Rhys (1244–1271)
- Gwynedd
  - King : Llywelyn ap Gruffydd (1246–1282)
- Powys
  - Powys Fadog (North Powys)
    - Prince : Gruffydd Maelor ap Madog (1236–1269)
  - Powys Wenwynwyn (South Powys)
    - Prince : Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn (1240–1286)

Cyprus
- King : Hugo II (1253–1267)