Mercedes-Benz O 322

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Mercedes Benz
Stuttgart Tram Museum 20.jpg
O 322
Manufacturer Daimler Benz
design type Public bus
Production period 1959-1964
axes 2
power 110-126 hp
length 9.955 m
width 2.5 m
height 2.8 m
Seats 36
Standing room 50
Empty weight 6200 kg
successor O 352 (not in Germany)
Similar models Magirus-Deutz Saturn II , MAN Metrobus

The Mercedes-Benz O 322 is a city bus from the Mercedes-Benz brand , which Daimler-Benz AG built from 1959 to 1964.

Model overview

The O 322 was presented at the IAA in 1959 and launched in 1960 as the company's first pure city bus. Only one model was built and advertised with the formula "1-10-100 = 322", which meant that a driver could carry almost 100 passengers in a bus that was almost ten meters long. The bus stop brake and the hydrostatic fan drive were new features compared to earlier buses . The bus could easily be fixed during a short stop at the bus stop and the cooling fan did not run continuously, but only from a cooling water temperature of 84 ° C upwards.

Visually, the bus was still similar to the O 317 , but had significantly larger side windows and no longer exposed wheel arches. As a rule, the structure was two-door (front / center; with some units also front / rear). The Herne-Castrop-Rauxel tram is said to have had a three-door version with the number 48.

The O 322 underwent a facelift in the summer of 1961, in which the front section was changed. The windshield was curved more forward and the edge of the roof was pulled further forward. The pre-chamber engines of the type OM 321 with 5.1 l displacement and an output of 81 kW (110 DIN PS) were replaced by the technically similar engines of the type OM 322, which from 5.7 l displacement 93 kW (126 DIN PS) ) Afford. The four-speed gearbox of the Daimler-Benz G 32 type was expanded to include a shorter gear less than the first gear, the other gears remained unchanged; the previous first gear of the four-speed transmission is simply second gear in the five-speed transmission (and so on). Since the first gear of the gearbox was now shorter, the gear ratio from the gearbox to the rear axle could be lengthened, which means that the engine can be driven at a constant speed with a lower engine speed and a higher top speed can be achieved.

Of the standard air-sprung bus with rear engine, only about 950 copies were built. One of the reasons was probably the replacement of the pure prechamber system with direct injection, for example in the successor model O 352 (not available in Germany). The advantages of this new design were fuel savings, lower maintenance requirements, lower soot development and the now possible waiver of starting aid at temperatures above −15 ° C.

Whereabouts

The Deutsche Bundespost owned a total of 140 copies of the Mercedes O 322. 29 buses of this model went to the SSB to replace a section of the former tram line 3. Three O 322s were used in Münster until the 1970s, thirteen in Solingen, eleven on the Cologne-Bonn railway, ten in Wilhelmshaven, eight in Bamberg, nine in Passau , thirteen on the Geilenkirchener Kreisbahn (3 of them ex Düren), six at Kraftverkehr Erkelenz, three in Mönchengladbach. Twelve O 322s were sold to Freiburg im Breisgau ; but since they were too small for the high number of passengers in this city, six of these vehicles were returned to the manufacturer after a short time. Overall, the O 322 more or less disappeared from the cityscape in the 1970s. Some O322 also operated abroad, e.g. B. six copies at MIVG Gent (Belgium).

Preserved copies

In the German-speaking area there are currently (as of July 2009) five known copies; two of them are still operational. One of these two copies is now operated by the Stuttgart Historic Trams Association. It was used regularly by the SSB until 1979, most recently as a driving school car, and then passed on to the predecessor of the current operator. It first came to Schönau in the Odenwald and did not return to Stuttgart until 1995 . After several years of extensive restoration, the bus has been usable again since 2001.

Technical specifications

Parameters O 322 (May 1961) O 322 (November 1961)
Dimensions and weights (mm / kg)
wheelbase 5110
Front track 1905
Rear track 1725 1745
Ground clearance 250
length 9955
width 2500
height 2900
Front overhang 1950
Rear overhang 2895
Turning circle diameter 18.4
Empty weight Depending on the structure
Maximum permissible total mass 12,000
engine
Engine designation OM 321 OM 322
Engine type Straight-six four-stroke - antechamber -Saug dieselmotor
Valve control OHV valve control
Cooling system Water cooling
Firing order 1-5-3-6-2-4
Dimensions 385 kg 410 kg
Compression ratio 20.8: 1 22.7: 1
Medium work pressure 7.4 bar 7.9 bar
Injection pressure 132 bar
Bore × stroke 95 mm × 120 mm 97 mm × 128 mm
Displacement 5,103 cm 3 5,675 cm 3
Nominal power according to DIN 70020 110 DIN-PS / 81 kW (120 hp SAE gross) at 3000 min -1 126 DIN-PS / 93 kW (138 hp SAE gross) at 2800 min -1
Maximum torque according to DIN 70020 30.5 kg · m / 299 N · m at 1600 min -1 36 kgf · m / 353 N · m at 1600 min -1
Further data
Fuel consumption according to DIN 70030 no information
Clutch (with manual transmission) Fichtel & Sachs
Gear type Daimler-Benz G 32
Gear ratios 1st gear: 4.24
2nd gear: 2.736
3rd gear: 1.663
4th gear: 1.00
R-gear: 8.29
1st gear: 8.98
2nd gear: 4.24
3rd gear: 2.736
4th gear: 1.663
5th gear: 1.00 reverse
gear: 8.29
Top speed 71 km / h 75.6 km / h
Gear ratio gear / rear wheels 7.857: 1 6.857: 1

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. http://media.daimler.com/marsMediaSite/de/instance/ko/Betont-kompakt-und-wendig-der-lupenreine-Stadtbus-O-322.xhtml?oid=9272061 , accessed on July 6, 2009
  2. Archived copy ( memento of October 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on Sept. 27, 2014
  3. Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 6, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / media.daimler.com
  4. Archived copy ( memento of July 14, 2004 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 6, 2009, slight data deviations from other sources
  5. http://www.omnibusverein.de/ms-bus/stwmhist.htm , accessed on July 6, 2009
  6. http://regiowiki.pnp.de/index.php/Verkehrsbetriebsgesellschaft_Passau , accessed on July 6, 2009
  7. Archived copy ( memento of July 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 6, 2009

Web links

Commons : Mercedes-Benz O 322  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files