Dresden Heath
The Dresdner Heide is a large forest area in Dresden . It is the most important local recreation area in the city and is used for forestry. About 6133 hectares of the Dresdner Heide are designated as a landscape protection area Dresdner Heide (d16) ; This makes it one of the largest urban forests in Germany in terms of area . While predominantly agricultural land borders in the east, the heath is surrounded in all other directions by districts and towns of Dresden and in the southwest reaches as far as the Dresden suburban belt . The landscape typical of a heather with a strongly pronounced layer of shrubbery and heather is rather non-existent in the Dresden Heath, which is why it is not, at least in the narrower sense, a heather landscape.
In its geology and in the flora and fauna, the forest area marks a transition area between the North German lowlands and the low mountain ranges . Except for small areas, it is assigned to the West Lusatian hills and mountains and thus represents one of the westernmost foothills of the Sudetes . While the rocky subsoil of the forest was raised in the course of the clod tectonic formation of the Elbe valley , which the Dresden Heath flanked to the north, is the Large areas of mixed forest characterized by dune-like sand deposits from the Saale and Elster glaciers . Its history as an electoral hunting ground and the intensive cultural imprinting and cultivation is based on the proximity of the Dresdner Heide to the inner city of Dresden.
Dresdner Heide and Junge Heide
The Dresdner Heide consists of two separate parts. The much larger part forms the district of the same name and is referred to below as the main part . The smaller part to the west is called Junge Heide . Although both form a historical and forestry unit as well as a common landscape protection area, they are spatially cut up due to earlier clearing by the Heller and because of their isolation, they are also administratively separated from each other. Out of ignorance, the Dresdner Heide is often spoken of in contrast to the Junge Heide. However, this is incorrect as the two terms are partly identical.
geography
location
Located in the northeast of the Saxon capital, the main part of the Dresdner Heide extends between the city center and the city limits. It is mainly located outside the built -up area and is largely assigned to the Loschwitz district . In contrast to the other parts of this urban district, the 4836 hectare area is not considered a statistical district, but forms an independent, roughly equally large district. Smaller peripheral areas of the contiguous forest already belong to the local offices of Neustadt and Klotzsche and the city of Radeberg . In the south, the main part between Loschwitz and the Waldschlösschenviertel extends as far as the Elbe slope and borders directly on the Weißen Hirsch , Bühlau and Weißig and the Radeberger Vorstadt . The southernmost foothills even touch the densely populated Outer Neustadt . In the west, the forest area meets the Albertstadt and Klotzsche . In the north it is bounded by the Weixdorf districts of Lausa and Friedersdorf as well as by Langebrück and Liegau-Augustusbad . Residents in the east are Radeberg and its districts Großerkmannsdorf and Ullersdorf .
The Junge Heide, the smaller part, is located west of the main part in northwest Dresden. It is limited in the north by the districts of Wilschdorf and Hellerau , in the east by the Heller and in the south by Trachenberge and Trachau . In the west it meets the Radebeul districts of Oberlößnitz and Alt-Radebeul , in the northwest on Boxdorf . That part of the Junge Heide, which lies in the districts of Hellerberge and Wilschdorf, belongs to the Klotzsche district. The western part of the Junge Heide, however, was assigned to the Trachau district. Together with a small outskirts in the south that belongs to Trachenberge, it is therefore already part of the Pieschen district . Other small marginal areas in the west of the Junge Heide are already being managed from Moritzburg or Radebeul.
Surrounding landscapes are the Lößnitz in the west, the Friedewald and the Moritzburg pond area or the Moritzburg small peaks landscape as well as the Wilschdorf-Rähnitzer Sandhügelland in the north-west, the Königsbrück-Ruhlander Heiden in the north, the Seifersdorfer valley in the north-east and the Schönfeld highlands in the south-east . On the southern edge, the Dresden Heath merges into the Dresden Elbe Valley in a park and garden landscape .
Surname
In contrast to the widespread case Dresdner Heide , the case is in the topographic map series country Dresdener Heide applied.
traffic
The main part of the Dresdner Heide is crossed by only two road traffic routes: The Radeberger Landstrasse runs from southwest to northeast diagonally through the forest between Neustadt and Radeberg; In the north, the Ullersdorf-Langebrücker Straße branches off in the direction of Langebrück. The Königsbrücker, Langebrücker, Bautzner and the Ullersdorfer Landstrasse partially cut through the Dresden Heath at its edges. Moritzburger Landstrasse, Strasse Am Walde and Boxdorfer Weg lead through the middle of the Junge Heide; Federal motorway 4 runs along its south-eastern edge . There is a motor vehicle ban on all other paths in the heath (except forest operations). Many of the historic bridges are listed.
The Görlitz – Dresden railway of the Saxon-Silesian Railway Company , which has existed since 1845, runs in the west, northwest and northeast on three sections through the peripheral areas of the Dresdner Heide. The branches of the Dresden-Klotzsche – Straßgräbchen-Bernsdorf railway (since 1884) and the Dresden-Klotzsche – Dresden Airport railway (from 1937 to the then military part of the airport) that begin at Dresden-Klotzsche also only cut the heath in peripheral areas.
The edges of the main part can be easily reached by public transport . Regional and S-Bahn stops in the area are Dresden-Industriegelände, Klotzsche , Langebrück and Radeberg. The heather can be reached from the south from the tram line 11 and bus lines 61 and 64 of the Dresden public transport company (DVB). Significant connections on the west side of the main part are to the tram lines 7 and 8 as well as the bus line 80.Regional buses of the regional traffic Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains (RVSOE) between Dresden and Radeberg bypass it in the north (line 308) and east (line 309) and run also via the Radeberger Landstrasse (line 305, stop Heidemühle).
The Junge Heide is crossed by bus route 80 and several regional bus routes. On Wilden Mann , the last stop of tram line 3 is located.
nature
landscape
The Dresdner Heide is not a heather landscape in the classical sense, because in Saxony and Brandenburg , contiguous forests are also referred to as heather. A considerable section of its main part belongs to the Radeberger Land and the natural area of West Lusatia or the West Lusatian hills and mountains. The lower areas in the southwest of the main part, i.e. the so-called Mittel- or Heidesandterrasse , as well as almost the entire Junge Heide are already in the area of the Dresden Elbe valley widening. The average altitude of the main part is 200 to 240 m above sea level. NN , the terrain sloping slightly to the southwest towards the Elbe . The highest point is at almost 281 m above sea level. NN the Dachsenberg , the lowest point is near the Prießnitztalviadukt ( Carolabrücke of the Stauffenbergallee ) in the Prießnitzgrund at 111 m above sea level. NN . The Junge Heide is an average of 120 to 160 m above sea level. NN significantly lower.
The contiguous woodland in the north-east of Dresden is roughly circular when viewed from above and is interrupted by a few meadows. Its area is about 52 square kilometers, plus 7 square kilometers of the Junge Heide. This corresponds to a total of around 17 percent of the city's area and makes Dresden one of the most forested cities in Germany . The surface is richly dissected. The many brooks flow in shallow hollows or deep valley valleys . Sand slopes and rocky cliffs are formed at the edges. The hills in between are slightly hilly. But there are also quite flat areas and fossil dunes up to ten meters high and kilometers long . However, the Junge Heide extends almost exclusively to the area of the central terrace. Quite even in large parts, it rises sharply in the northeast and north. In the west it merges into the landscape of the Loessnitz .
geology
A large part of the Dresdner Heide belongs to the Lausitzer Platte , which drops to the southwest to the Elbe . Along the line Wahnsdorf- Tree Meadow -Hellerau-Klotzsche- Wolf Hill -Loschwitz extending Lusatian Fault across the heath and manifests itself in the form of up to 80 m high, but in sections, also relatively flat slope. The rock consists of syenite or granodiorite , which appears briefly as a fault line at the Prießnitz waterfall, but is covered by a thick layer of evenly and coarse-grained sand or gravel in almost the entire heather area . This emerged during the Elster glacial period and is an alluvial fan of the meltwater south of the then glacier edge, which flowed into a reservoir located in the upper Elbe valley at that time. Along the Lusatian fault there is also a layer of drifted sand up to 60 m high from the Saale cold period . The material was partially blown to form dunes here.
Floors
On the acidic subsoil of the sand layer and the granite, a widespread nutrient-poor podsol soil has developed, which determines the flora of the Dresden Heath over a large area, especially in the west (see below). Due to the weathering of rock, there are also clayey soils in the heather, which are the basis for more demanding plant communities. These soils occur mainly in the south and east, where the Lausitzer Platte breaks off into the rift valley of the Elbe Valley. There the upper soil layer is interspersed with rocks.
In the notched valley valleys of the Prießnitz and its tributaries in the northeast there are wet floodplain soils that are close to the groundwater and are rich in humus and alluvial material. In lowlands there are also deposits of young peat soils , which in siltation caused smaller standing waters. Peat-rich, very nutrient-rich bog soils are also developing in the oxbow lakes of the Prießnitz, some of which are under pressure from the swelling due to the seepage process on the sandy soils above the valleys.
Waters
The most important body of water in the Dresdner Heide is the Prießnitz . It is the only Heidebach that neither rises nor flows into the forest area, and by far the longest and richest in water in this area. The Prießnitz initially runs in a flat hollow to the northwest through the middle of the main part of the heather. From around the Heidemühle , it cut into the terrain as Prießnitzgrund up to 40 m deep in places and turns south at Klotzsche shortly after it has formed a waterfall that has been a natural monument since 1967 . In earlier times it drove several mill wheels in the heath and is dammed into ponds in two places. Their water also fed the now closed forest pool Klotzsche, which is located near the S-Bahn station Dresden-Klotzsche. Some of the Prießnitz tributaries are the Haarweidenbach from the left as well as the Ullersdorf village water, which is designated as a natural monument, the Steinründchenwasser and the Schwarzes-Bild-Wasser from the right.
Smaller, but also directly tributary streams to the Elbe are the Mordgrundwasser and the Eisenbornbach in Schotengrund, into which the Gutebornbach also flows. There is also a subordinate watershed in the heather , as the northern parts are already drained into the Große Röder . The water therefore only flows into the Elbe at Lutherstadt Wittenberg . The Lausenbach and the Rote Graben in Langebrück are affected by this .
The Dresdner Heide is also known for its many springs. The most common of these are the Degele and sister springs in Stechgrund at the Weißer Hirsch and the Pusch and Melzer springs in the middle Prießnitzgrund near Klotzsche. Due to the location factors of high rock on the one hand and mighty sand horizons on the other, the large, very dry forest parcels are occasionally interrupted by waterlogged areas. They are known as fractions . Occasional moors are formed here. Examples of this are Hormanns , Rotten and Schindelbruch , all of which can be found along the cow's tail .
The phenomenon of lost water that occurs in the heather is also interesting . For example , the streams coming from the Fiedlergrund , the Boxdorfer Grund and the Jungferngrund seep into the water-permeable heather sand. The same applies to several nominal Prießnitz tributaries, such as the Sandschlucht river or the streams in the Kretzschelgrund.
In addition to the running waters, there are a number of standing, partly artificial waters. These are the reservoir on the Haarweidenbach in the east of the heather, which has existed since 1920, the Fischmannsteiche near the Fischhaus , the silting Kranichsee in the south, a flooded former sand pit called Silbersee near Klotzsche, the trout ponds near Langebrück and the color pit pond in the Prießnitzgrund fed by Höllenborn, as well as the fish ponds at the Heidemühle , one of which has been converted into an outdoor swimming pool. In the Junge Heide are the Rote and Olterteich .
flora
Due to the different location factors, there are different habitats in the Dresdner Heide . The Dresdner Heide contains plant species that are (regionally) endangered or threatened. What is remarkable about the flora is not necessarily the occurrence of individual species, but the mixture in the plant communities of the Dresdner Heide. At the different locations there are communities of plants that are assigned to the planar or colline to montane altitude level (and their typical plant communities). The Dresdner Heide thus also geobotanically marks a transition area between the large landscapes of the North German lowlands , to which it belongs on its southern border, and the German low mountain range threshold .
The Dresdner Heide is in its entirety and in its origin a mixed forest , which is locally pronounced as a coniferous-deciduous mixed forest, coniferous mixed forest, pine-birch forest, spruce forest, grove-beech forest, ravine forest or break forest. Because it was used as a forest, it was sometimes planted with monocultures.
Widespread forest communities
On the dry sandy soils, deep-rooted, undemanding trees such as Scots pines and occasional sessile oaks dominate the tree layer . The shrub layer is less pronounced there. Spruce can be found in nutrient-poor soils, provided they reach the groundwater with their shallow roots. The herbaceous layer is sometimes very little developed on the dry soils and consists of grasses, heather as well as cranberries and blueberries.
In the north there are also natural communities of red beech and spruce, interspersed with black alder and birch . There are common oaks in the more pronounced shrubbery . More demanding species such as winter linden and buckthorn grow on the slightly more nutrient-rich and moist soils of the red beech forests .
On the loamy soils interspersed with rocks in the south, the grove beech forest dominates on partially south-facing slopes. In the shrub layer there are the buckthorn on sunny slopes and also rare species such as the common yew .
Prießnitztal and side valleys
In the valley of the Prießnitz there is a very extensive and changeable vegetation in all forest layers, which changes in the course of the valley. In the vicinity of the waterfall, where the valley has no substantial bottom, canyon forests grow on south-facing slopes that start on the bank. In addition to the spruce trees, there is also the sycamore maple , which is usually found in the high-montane areas of the German low mountain range. The silver fir was originally widespread.
Where a bed with partly moor-like areas has formed next to the river, black alder, silver birch , ash , alder , red oak and on the edge of the bed at the transition to the surrounding forest communities red beech , pine, sycamore and spruce can be found in the tree- and shrub layer. The tree layer is partially interrupted by bog-like spring areas and the water, and so there are also species that need light, such as the aspen, growing in exposed areas.
The herb layer there is particularly rich in species with protected species such as marsh marigold , round-leaved sundew , marsh iris , water feather and others. Sunny places on a slope or on the ground favor the occurrence of the great balsam . In the side valleys, the herb layer also contains more montane plant species such as black loosestrife or mountain speedwell .
Valleys and clearings
The Dresdner Heide is geomorphologically shaped by hills that were formed by sand drifts or by different erosion of the granite subsoil. The dunes in particular can enclose areas, so that lowlands without runoff are created. Due to the spring pressure on the slopes of the lowlands, these are sometimes watered through, without there being a superficial supply by a body of water (low spring moor). Of the original distributed fens in the Dresden Heath, only this is Saugartenmoor survived. There is still the typical vegetation of the moors, i.e. types of peat moss and rushes . Individual species at this location are, for example, the small water hose or the white schnabelried .
Some of the clearings go back to lowlands and original moors. They are therefore characterized by wet meadows with a high level of biodiversity that are more typical of northern Germany. The protected round-leaved sundew and the large hair cap moss grow on the meadows.
fauna
While the Dresden Heath as a whole is a habitat for large mammals, species of the avi and herpetofauna find much smaller habitats, especially in the moist, boggy lowlands and valleys (cf. Flora).
Mammals
Red fox , badger , marten , weasel , rabbit , hedgehog and squirrel can be found in the Dresden Heath . In addition to red deer , roe deer and wild boar , a notable population of wild sheep ( mouflons ) was built up recently , but this was exterminated by hunters by 2013. In addition, between 1893 and 1945 the heath was surrounded by a chain-link fence with self-closing gates and doors in order to prevent damage from game in adjacent areas. In this way, the population is kept within limits by controlled shooting.
The last bear was captured in 1612 in the area of the Junge Heide, a little later the last wolf died. Over a period of several centuries the heather was extremely rich in game. Hunters reduced the population quite drastically at the beginning of the 19th century for forestry reasons.
Smaller populations of different bat species are noteworthy, for example the lesser horseshoe bat . These find habitats in tree hollows, quarries and crevices in the rock. The Prießnitz and its floodplain are habitat for otters .
Avifauna
The Prießnitz offers a special habitat for dipper , kingfisher and gray wagtail . The occurrence of the black woodpecker favors the living conditions of the stock pigeon , which uses the woodpecker's burrows in the following year, but also of bats. There are also nuthatches , treecreepers and wood warblers .
Herpeto and ichthyofauna
Commonly occurring species in the Dresden Heath are blindworms and common toads . Due to the sometimes poorly developed shrub layer, cold-blooded species find enough sunny spots on the ground. In the humid lowlands and valleys protected are forest lizards , grass and jumping frogs before. The grass snake can be found in the meadows . In and on the Olterteich there are also pond frogs and newts .
As part of the ichthyofauna, the highly endangered fish species brook lamprey and bullhead in the Prießnitz are mentioned here.
Invertebrates
The bog-like areas, floodplains and wet meadows are the most important habitats for invertebrates. There are different types of dragonflies, such as the two-striped spring damsel , the green mermaid , the great moss damsel , the banded demoiselle and the blue-winged demoiselle . In the meadows, special butterfly species such as the imperial mantle , the C butterfly , the brown-eared brown thick-headed butterfly , the dark blue-horned ant-blue and, where aspens form a source of food for the caterpillars at the edge of the forest, also the small blue butterfly have been detected. In the deciduous forest areas there are blue buckthorn trees and forest board game , in the moor-like areas there is also the rare light blue ant blue . The hair-shielded neck buck , which, as a longhorn beetle , is dependent on old and dead wood, was found in the beech forest areas.
protection
Almost all of its area has been a protected landscape area since March 27, 1969 . Initially, a total of around 5876 hectares in the Dresdner and Junge Heide were under protection. With effect from February 19, 2008, the LSG was expanded to 6133.2 hectares. About 6067 hectares of this are on Dresden territory. The enlargement was made possible by the fact that the area formerly used by the military was given civil use.
The Prießnitzgrund with its special locations is designated as a fauna and flora habitat . This area runs through the entire Dresdner Heide from the east in the arch of the river to the Prießnitztalviadukt (Carolabrücke of the Stauffenbergallee) in the southwest. It records the river, the valley floor and the differently pronounced slopes and parts of the side valleys. Protection objectives there are the preservation of near-natural river sections, the swamp forests, peat bog gullies and herbaceous vegetation as well as the preservation of habitats for endangered species of fauna. In relation to the river in particular, measures of near-natural bank design, slowing down and permeability go hand in hand. In the surrounding area, monocultural forest areas are being redesigned to be closer to nature. The grassland areas must be maintained through extensive cultivation (mowing alternating annually as a countermeasure against accumulation). In relation to the recreational function of the Dresdner Heide, avoiding further recreational use of the area is mentioned as a protective measure.
Natural monuments
There are 17 natural monuments in the Dresdner Heide. Five of them are wholly or partly in the FFH Prießnitzgrund. Thirteen of the monuments relate to areas with special occurrences of local fauna and flora and three relate to individual trees or groups of trees.
| The 17 natural monuments in the Dresdner Heide and their location, area and brief description | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | designation | location | Area in ha |
Brief description and protection goal |
| ND 1 | Old beech wood at the Eisenbornbach | Revier Bühlau , Department 68, on Eisenbornbach | 1.7 | near-natural forest community with a high proportion of old beech,
last occurrence of the stock dove (Columba oenas) in the Dresden Heath |
| ND 2 | Upper piercing base | Revier Bühlau, Section 29, east of the HG-Weg at Mordgrundwasser | 0.5 | Stock of broken plants, e.g. B. Occurrence of Dragon Arum (Calla palustris),
southern limit of distribution of the swamp fern (Dryopteris thelypteris) |
| ND 3 | Ullersdorfer village water | Revier Ullersdorf , Section 9, west of the Nachtflügelweg on the village water | 5.0 | Spring and brook flora with submontane impact; z. B. Mountain speedwell (Veronica montana) as a botanical rarity |
| ND 4 | Old arms of the Prießnitz | Sub-area 1: Revier Ullersdorf, section 42, 800 m from the Heidemühle upstream north of the Prießnitztalweg, section 2: Revier Hofewiese , section 201, 200 m from the Heidemühle downstream between Prießnitztalstraße and Prießnitz |
3.0 | Refuge once in the Prießnitz widespread plant and animal species shaded acidic mesophilic waters, z. B. Water feather (Hottonia palustris), Berchtold's Laichkraut (Potamogeton berchtoldii) |
| ND 5 | Saugartenmoor | Klotzsche Revier , Dept. 203, 200 m from the old column at the Saugarten | 2.4 | The last of several bogs that once existed in the Dresden Heath , valuable evidence of the landscape and cultural history and conservation area for plants and animals of the wetlands, intermediate bog with occasional transitions to the raised bog with typical raised bog flora , peat moss - Bulten zone designed as a swinging ceiling with insectivores , e.g. B. Round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) and White Schnabelried (Rhynchospora alba), bog-specific species with fewer arthropod groups |
| ND 6 | Prießnitz waterfall and bank slopes | Klotzsche district, Dept. 233, 500 m northeast of the Klotzsche forest pool | 2.1 | Prießnitz waterfall, Pleistocene epigenetic breakthrough valley in the Lusatian granodiorite , occurrence of the devil's claw (Huperzia selago) as a rare character species of the mountain coniferous forests at a remarkably low altitude here, on the left-hand slope the only site of the St. Christopher's herb (Actaea spicata) in the Dresden Heath |
| ND 7 | Bad hole | Klotzsche Revier, Dept. 203, south of the Alte Eins | 2.2 | Largest occurrence of the protected club bear moss (Lycopodium clavatum) in the Dresden Heide, also montane-Atlantic species (grove loosestrife [Lysimachia nemorum]) and species of alder bruises (meadow riding grass [Calamagrostis canescens]) |
| ND 19 | Oltersteine | Junge Heide , Klotzsche district, Dresden- Wilschdorf district , between Oltersteinweg and Am Weinberg, directly north of ND 25 | 0.1 | tertiary tuber stones, wind-ground brown coal - quartzite |
| ND 24 | Rehwiese Bühlau | At the Alte Zwei, north of the Bühlau forest gardens | 0.7 | of a stream flowing through it rushes - and seggenreiche wet area with Rundblättrigem (Drosera rotundifolia) and Natternzungenfarn (Ophioglossum vulgatum) |
| ND 25 | Olterteich | Junge Heide, Klotzsche district, Dresden-Wilschdorf district, on allotment gardens between Am Olter and Oltersteinweg | 1.6 | Pond and spring swamp in the Junge Heide with rich aquatic flora, spawning grounds for amphibians |
| ND 32 | Red pine | Revier Ullersdorf, Dept. 4363 | Single tree, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) | |
| ND 41 | Forest stand Neuländer Straße | Dresden- Trachau district , Neuländer Straße | 3.7 | Sand lean lawn with Bergjasione (Jasione montana), passing into a natural oak pine forest , Grasnelke hallway |
| ND 47 | Kurwiese Klotzsche | In the Heiderrand area east of Klotzsche, near Kretzschelgrund | 3.4 | binsen- and seggenreiche wet area, which is traversed by a stream, presence of grass and Springfrosch , toad , forest and Zauneidechse , blindworm and Ringelnatter |
| ND 48 | Quarry on Mordgrund | North of the Mordgrundbrücke on Mordgrundweg | 0.9 | former granodiorite quarry with tunnels as potential bat roost |
| ND 60 | Groups of linden trees on Augustusweg | Junge Heide, on the southern edge of the heather west of Radeburger Strasse | Group of trees, winter linden (Tilia cordata) | |
| ND 72 | Giant oaks in the Sauerbusch | On the eastern edge of the Sauerbusch, north of Heidehof | Grove of trees, English oak (Quercus robur), chest height circumference of 6.60 m (2016). | |
| ND 108 | European beech Dresdner Heide | Common beech (Fagus sylvatica) | ||
use
forestry
The Dresdner Heide has been used as a forest for centuries . A responsible chief forester was mentioned for the first time as early as 1447, and that of the forestry office itself in 1484. The first forest regulations date from 1543. Over the years, the desire for more effective management made it necessary to set up various networks of paths . The aisle system introduced by Johann Heinrich Cotta in 1832 resulted in more than 100 rectangles each almost 37 hectares in size, the so-called departments, which are still in use. Especially after 1860, in the course of the general forestry boom in Germany , the forest stands of the heather were professionally rejuvenated by sowing and planting predominantly conifers. This started, albeit less successfully and intensively, 100 years earlier with the creation of three planting gardens. The 16 hectare forest nursery has existed in the south of the heather since 1958, and a wood shaping area in Klotzsche is used for forestry. In addition to overexploitation in times of war, threats to the forest were regular pest infestation and frequent forest fires caused by flying sparks from steam locomotives. Pines make up 58% and spruce 25 percent of the stand. The rest is made up of beech , common oak , alder , birch and larch . Above all, the wood itself and pine resin are used as the basic material for turpentine production. Due to the bark beetle infestation, v. a. Spruce trees are felled. They are to be replaced by red oak, silver fir, larch and sycamore maple.
The responsible district foresters are in Bühlau, Ullersdorf, Langebrück and Klotzsche. The latter also manages the Junge Heide, together they are subordinate to the Saxon Forestry Office in Dresden.
Other industries
Various mining attempts were made as early as the 16th and 17th centuries, mainly in the Prießnitzgrund. However, they did not bring a significant yield of ores and were therefore discontinued. Names such as Erzberg, Silberwasser and Bergwerksbrücke are reminiscent of the rather unsuccessful search for silver and other precious metals .
There were charcoal piles in several places in the heath . Kohlberg still appears several times as a field name. Other important sectors of the heath which are Zeidlerei (production of honey and beeswax), Vogelstellerei , fish farming , agriculture (hay) and the Hutungswesen called. Names like Hutungsweg, Stallweg or Ochsensteig are reminiscent of the latter. Especially the hats, but also the use as electoral hunting ground and the so-called litter rake, in which the farmers used upright leaves as litter in their stables, harmed the forest. There are several former granite quarries, for example in the Prießnitzgrund near the Breite Furt and the waterfall or at the Mordgrundbrücke .
In modern times, sand and gravel are mined industrially in the Dresdner Heide . A large pit is located in the southwest near Albertstadt. The former pits in Klotzsche on Langebrücker Strasse have either been flooded or are being used as a dump.
recreation
At the end of the 19th century, hikers, nature lovers and those seeking relaxation discovered the Dresdner Heide. Several health resorts developed on the edge of the forest area , for example Bad Weißer Hirsch and Klotzsche-Königswald, which also created forest parks with sports facilities, resting and concert areas. The heath is an extensive hiking area with marked trails several 100 kilometers in length. Riding and cycling trails are also available. Various sports were offered early on, including swimming and tennis. In the area of today's forest gardens there was a golf course. There are several baths on the edge of the Heider , such as the Weixdorfer Bad, the Waldbad Langebrück and the Ullersdorfer Teiche or Marienbad and the adjacent recreational area near Weißig. A leisure facility, the climbing forest, is located on the area of the former Klotzsche forest pool .
Military use
Large areas of the Dresdner Heide were used intensively for military purposes over a period of 150 years. From 1827 the state cleared a large piece of land, today's Heller, to make room for a parade ground for the Royal Saxon Army . This separated the Junge Heide from the main part. From 1873, the huge barracks in Albertstadt were built into the heath and the forest in the southwest was pushed back far. The forest adjacent to the new building was used as a shooting range well into the 20th century. The army had bunkers and ammunition depots built and a restricted military area established. There is still a shooting range near Langebrücker Straße near Klotzsche, which is mainly used by sport shooters.
Drinking water
The residents of the Dresdner Heide used their ground and surface water as drinking water for centuries. As early as 1476, a tube trip connected the Eisenbornbach near the Fischhaus with the Augustinian monastery in Dresden's Neustadt. The Saloppe waterworks supplied the Neustadt with “heather water”. The Trachau waterworks obtained water from the Junge Heide. The numerous springs also have drinking water quality.
history
History of the forest
Originally, the Dresdner Heide, together with Friedewald , Karswald , Harthe , Landwehr , Massenei , Niederforst , Laußnitzer and Königsbrücker Heide, was part of the huge contiguous eastern border forest between the Sorbian districts of Nisan and Milska , from which the Mark Meißen and Upper Lusatia developed. Initially it continued in the inner city area of Dresden up to the banks of the Elbe and extended seamlessly to the Lößnitz and in the form of the Kaditzer Tännicht to Kaditz . Archaeological finds, such as Bronze Age flat grave fields and barrows of the Lausitz culture as well as Neolithic corded ceramics, prove that settlement activity in this area was very early. Due to the settlement of the forest area, its area has been continuously restricted since then. Larger clearings in the course of the German settlement in the east in the 12th and 13th centuries gave it roughly its current appearance. However, the Dresdner Heide still extended far into the Neustadt, and the Junge Heide was not yet isolated.
The Dresdner Heide had been assigned to the Radeberg office as sovereign property since 1372 and served the Saxon court from the Middle Ages until the First World War as access to an extensive hunting ground. The Moritzburg hunting lodge could be reached “hunting” from Dresden. The so-called four suction gardens bear witness to the hunts in the heath . In the meantime, farmers used parts of the heather, such as the two farm meadows , for agriculture. However, on the light sandy soils, such sites often devastated and were reforested or reforested. From 1484 the heath was under the control of the Dresden Forestry Office. Major damage occurred during the Thirty Years War when enemy troops burned down parts of the forest and looted villages in the surrounding area. The Seven Years' War brought large wood losses by the Prussian occupiers. In 1831 the heath became the property of the Saxon state, but remained the hunting area of the state rulers.
At the beginning of the 19th century the area of the heather was still over 70 square kilometers, that was one and a half times the current population. It spread in the inner city area to over the Bischofsweg ; Förstereistraße in Neustadt was named after a forester's house on the edge of the forest that was located there at the time. But then the heath shrank by more than ten square kilometers, initially for military reasons alone. Large-scale clearing was to create a parade ground for the Saxon army from 1827 and gave rise to the Heller. From 1873 new barracks were built in the new Albertstadt military district, significantly reducing the area of the heath in the southwest. Adjacent forest areas were also inaccessible for many years because they were used as shooting ranges. Towards the end of the 19th century, the then outskirts and northern suburbs of Dresden began to grow. The Radeberger Vorstadt expanded further and further into the forest. From the inner city area, humans pushed the heather back by two kilometers within a few years. Klotzsche also grew into a city, partly at the expense of the forest. In Radebeul-Ost, Bad Weißer Hirsch, Klotzsche-Königswald and the Radeberger Vorstadt, further peripheral areas of the heath were also converted into forest parks. For smaller clearings in the southern heath at the beginning of the 20th century, the responsible authorities had compensatory measures taken, such as the replanting of a narrow piece of forest near Liegau around 1910.
The separation between Dresdner and Junge Heide manifested itself even further through the expansion of traffic axes such as Radeburger and Königsbrücker Strasse as well as through the construction of the Saxon-Silesian Railway and finally what is now Federal Motorway 4 , which opened in 1937 . During the Third Reich , a planned motorway construction again affected the north-east of the forest this time. The Berlin –Dresden– Prague motorway was to be built here, as a direct continuation of today's federal motorway 13 from the Dresden-Nord triangle . The clearing for this in the area between Radeberg and Heidemühle had already been partially completed, but construction did not start during the Second World War . The plans were later discarded and implemented around the year 2000 as federal motorway 17 with a different route and without any impairment of the heath. The extension of the (now closed) Dürrröhrsdorf – Weißig railway along the Prießnitzgrund - across the Dresdner Heide - remained in the planning stage, which was also considered in the 1930s . Since then, the area of the forest area has not been reduced by large structures.
The Dresdner Heide has belonged to the city of Dresden since it was incorporated on March 4, 1949. In 1967 it was declared a special forest and local recreation area and has been under landscape protection across the board since 1969. In the meantime, almost no area of the heather is “original” anymore due to the forestry use. Parts of the forest are still inaccessible as a result of former military use or the construction of traffic structures.
History of the road network
The Dresdner Heide has a very complex system of historical paths. Its construction took place in different, clearly demarcated epochs. Paths through the forest already existed in prehistoric times, connecting the documented Neolithic or Bronze Age settlement areas. A star-shaped and a grid-shaped network were added one after the other to an initially irregular system.
The earliest, partly still preserved routes were at least late medieval traffic routes and were mostly called Steige. These include, for example, the Kolmische and Tarische Weg between Dresden and the villages to the north, as well as old cross-connections parallel to the Elbe, outside the marshy Auenland, which bypassed Dresden in the north, such as Rennsteig and Diebsteig . Overall, they ran roughly in a certain direction, but were often very curvy and were considerate of the terrain. Some of them are still used as main traffic routes, such as the Radeberger Landstrasse, Bautzner Strasse and Königsbrücker Strasse .
Around 1560, the Leipzig mathematics professor Johannes Hommel (Humelius) under Elector August created a star wing system based on a compass and for hunting and surveying purposes. It was noted by Matthias Oeder on the first heather map in 1589 . Its center is in the former Dresdner Saugarten in the middle of the heath. Eight main axes, so-called Hellenes , went from there at a distance of 45 degrees , four of which pointed roughly in the cardinal directions . These wings were numbered clockwise, starting with 1 to the east. Axis 4 points exactly to the southwest on the Hausmannsturm of the Dresden Castle , which as the ideal center of the country was at that time important for orientation and location. Five concentric , octagonal ring paths, known as cross 2 to cross 6, surrounded the center. They bent 45 degrees at the intersections with the star wings. Even before 1735, these so-called curves were extended to the outside by a complete (cross 7) and half a ring (path 8), but the three innermost rings were lost early on, but the other four were preserved. More or less large parts of all the star wings are left, which are referred to as Old 1 to Old 8. In the center of this so-called Light system is a stone column with the numbers 1 to 8. In the near Moritzburg there is a similar system, which in its center Bright house stands.
Heinrich Cotta , the founder of the forestry college in Tharandt , reformed the path system around 1832. This was due to forestry reasons. He put on parallel and straight new wings that are 200 rods (about 860 meters) apart. Their width is two rods, i.e. 8.60 meters, and they were designated from A in the southeast to M near Radebeul. Cotta omitted wing D, as Radeberger Landstrasse is in its area. At right angles to this, numbered corridors from east to west were created, 20 of which are located in the territory of the actual Dresden Heath and others, up to number 29, in the Junge Heide. This system is used for forestry.
Later, during the 19th century, further forest paths were created according to the needs of the Saxon army and local recreation. In the 1970s, new hiking trails and markings were created in the course of the declaration of the heath as a landscape protection area. Benches and shelters were also set up at rest areas. With the Lausitzer Schlange , a long-distance hiking trail crosses the Dresden Heath.
Waymarks
A historical network of signposts has been preserved in the heather , the peculiar symbolism of which is very different from today's hiking trail signs. To do this, local experts debarked the trees piece by piece, cut symbols and painted them in red. This probably happened for the first time in the 12th or 13th century and from this the profession of forest drawing cutter developed. From the official Saxon survey documents, which Elector August ordered to be drawn up in the 16th century, a forest sign creature emerges which at that time was at the zenith of its development.
The medieval nets were later mapped and partly expanded for forestry and hunting purposes using special new signs, for example in the 18th century with the help of the Radeberg forest sign cutter Gottfried Hanicke. Thus, with 124 red characters alone, the Dresdner Heide had the largest, but also the most inconsistent network of symbols in the entire area. While in the Friedewald, in the Laußnitzer Heide, around Koenigstein and in the Tharandt forest alphabets and mirror alphabets dominated as signposts, the signs in the Dresdner Heide were about 70 percent very symbolic or strongly modified letters. The rest consisted of letters with mirror-image doubles, an incomplete alphabet of dotted letters and small groups of numbers. Red signs marked the forest paths.
Until the late 18th century, there were also around 270 black symbols to identify special locations. These included fords, bridges, hills, breaks, springs, striking trees , forks in the road as well as wayside shrines and crosses. The black characters only existed once. Because of their constancy of location, they helped to define legal matters such as the size of territories and forest guarding of neighboring villages. The interplay of red and black signs, with its certain systematics, was nevertheless of great value for orientation in a time without maps.
In the course of the centuries attempts were made to interpret these symbols by folk etymology. This gave rise to the sometimes strange names of paths in the heather, such as anchors, glasses, goose feet, hats, cross rings, ox heads, orbits , scissors, turrets and compasses.
In the 19th century the use of the signs ended for the time being. The last historical forest signs emerged in cut form around 1890 in the southeastern heathland. Between 10 and 20 cut specimens, half overgrown, can still be seen on pine trunks. They are considered to be the only surviving old forest symbols in Saxony. Later in the 20th century, the way in which the historical route network was marked was changed by simply painting the signs on a white background. Around 1980, however, the characters were made unrecognizable by the authorities by painting over or scratching them out. The "Interest Group Dresdner Heide", founded in 1985, raised an objection and tried to restore the road signs. The signs were eventually renewed in a historically appropriate manner.
Due to different forms of aging, the characters must be renewed every 10 years. This care is currently carried out by members of the “Dresden Heath Working Group”, which is anchored in the Saxon Heritage Protection Association , and private individuals and a sports group regularly participate in the maintenance. The old route signs of the Dresden Heath can be found again on many tree trunks, such as in hiking maps and on the OpenStreetMap website.
Selected ways
Bischofsweg and Augustusweg
The Bischofsweg was the late medieval connection between the bishop's seat at the castle in Meißen and the castle in Stolpen , which was the neighboring seat after 1218. Its course in the Dresden city area in east-west direction from the Elbe crossing at Burgward Briesnitz , about Pieschen and the main street in Dresden Neustadt, still known as the Bischofsweg, is certain . After the Radeberger Vorstadt , he met the Bautzner Straße to follow it via Bühlau to the Karswald. At first it ran largely outside the present-day Dresden Heath, with urban and episcopal traffic sharing it. Presumably in the course of the electoral road code of 1462, a separation of secular car traffic and church traffic took place. From now on, the Bischofsweg had to circumvent Bautzner Strasse in the north via Ullersdorf. It probably ran on already existing sections of the Hämmerchen, Doppel-E and HG-Weg to the Breite Furt, where it had to cross the Prießnitz. This section is only partially preserved and is no longer called Bischofsweg, as the bypass that existed for only about a century was partially reversed in the post-Reformation period. From the width of the ford to Ullersdorf, it was popularly known as Hakschar before 1800, after its symbol, which was probably a bishop 's cap. In Ullersdorf he left the heath area and moved north of Bautzner Strasse to Stolpen.
A common system with the Bischofsweg apparently formed the Augustusweg , which ran three to four kilometers further north. This traffic route, first mentioned in 1624, (probably) connected Meißen and Stolpen and can be followed almost completely through the Junge Heide. It is noteworthy that it is also called Augustusweg almost everywhere where it still runs as a path that has been extended to a road in sections. The Augustusweg, which begins at the Weißen Ross in Radebeul, runs through Oberlößnitz as a former main and vineyard access road . At the eastern edge of this Radebeul district, the Augustusweg crosses over to the Junge Heide area, where it meets the Boxdorf tree meadow. From here on, it runs from west to east by Heller mountains, just 100 meters south of the settlement limit of Wilschdorf and Hellerau, and passes the "Waldmax" the German factories and Infineon - chip factory near which it ends. The Augustusweg is briefly interrupted at the Dresden-Hellerau junction of the A 4 . In the area of the Heller it runs through partly woodless wasteland.
Eye, pitcher handle and cow tail
These three routes were probably very old connections between Dresden and three neighboring towns in the north. They began at the so-called Prießnitzfurt Drey Stegen of the Bischofsweg and are no longer available in their southern sections except for the can handle, which is partly turned into a public road, as they have been built over by the military facilities of today's army officers' school . Your forest characters come from the dotted alphabet and are successively O, P and Q, which makes their mutual relationship clear.
The eye , also known as the O way due to its sign (an O dotted in the middle) , is the westernmost of the three ways. His other, probably older, name is Todweg . Because of the large sand pit, it only begins shortly before its intersection with the Diebssteig and later follows the eastern slope of the Prießnitzgrund, in order to join briefly with the Kannenhandkel at the Lynch Gorge. Then the eye turns north and crosses the sand bridge in the upper sand gorge. It continues, partly as a ravine , to the northwest down to the bottom of the Prießnitz and crosses it by means of the death bridge. On the other side of the stream, the eye rises again immediately south of the Nesselgrund and crosses the Klotzsche forest park . In the district itself, its track is lost again, as it is built over there. However, in the end it runs towards Altklotzsche .
The Can Henkel , so named because its P-shaped, to a narrow jug with large handle reminiscent forest character, was in the Middle Ages Kollmischer way. This name is probably derived from Kulm , an old German word for mountain. It leads from Dresden city center to Langebrück and was expanded in large sections in the last century to a forest road (built Kannenhenkel) , which also bypassed some of its old sections, henceforth called the old Kannenhenkel . It runs through the Graf-Stauffenberg-Kaserne as Marienallee and passes one after the other the sand pit, the Black Cross and the Königsplatz, in order to then cross the Prießnitz by the Kannenhenkelbrücke. Then he bypasses the Langebrücker Hofewiese to the north and reaches Langebrück as a forest road .
Named after its signpost, a dotted Q, the cow's tail begins in the restricted military area and connects Dresden with Lotzdorf and Liegau. It was first mentioned in 1572 as the Tarischer Weg, which is probably derived from the Old Sorbian gate (footbridge, especially pilgrim footbridge). On long stretches of its ascent it is designed as a ravine. Coincidentally, the cow's tail coincides for the most part with the E-wing, so that it uses the same route in sections with it. Heinrich Cotta's work thus resulted in a partial straightening, while the new wing has atypically minimal curves. The Prießnitz is crossed by the Kuhschwanzbrücke north of the Saugartens. In its further course the cow's tail leads south past the courtyard meadow and bends to the north not far from the Dachsenberg. Then it passes the trout ponds, briefly forms the Heiderandweg and walks near the Liegauer Saugarten , where it is called Dörnichtweg, then it ends. In the Äußere Neustadt a short section of the path has been turned into a public road as Arno-Holz-Allee.
Moritzburg-Pillnitzer Weg
This path is a straight line and appropriately developed connection between the Pillnitz and Moritzburg castles, which was laid out around 1770 along an old heather path called the mouthpiece , and was therefore of particular importance for the Wettins. An alternative name is Küchenweg, as the electoral kitchen wagons often drove along here. First of all, coming from Pillnitz , it is called Pillnitz-Moritzburger Weg and is marked by the sign PM. So he uses the Pillnitzer Landstrasse to Loschwitz and then leads along today's Schillerstrasse out of the Elbe Valley to the Mordgrund Bridge, where he crosses the valley of the same name. It continues, now on the heather, along Albertpark, for example to the fish house. There he changes to the other side of the Radeberger Landstrasse and approaches the Lost Water below the Jungferngrund.
Here it changes its name and is from now on referred to as Moritzburg-Pillnitzer Weg with the marking MP. It bridges several small heather waters, for example on the Great and Small Wettin Bridge. In its further course to the northwest, it is interrupted by the large sand pit. A little later he goes down to the Prießnitzgrund and crosses the stream, together with the thief's path, on the kitchen bridge, which was renovated in 2001. At the northern end of the industrial site, it first crosses the railway line and then meets the Königsbrücker Straße. From here it is developed as a road and continues under the official name of Moritzburger Weg past the Deutsche Werkstätten in the direction of Moritzburg .
Rennsteig, sister path and thief path
These three paths were functionally linked and thus apparently represented a complex road system. This is expressed by their closely related forest signs: The Rennsteig has a Z dotted right and left, the sister path has a cross crowned and the thief path has a vertical crossed through The latter is the closest to the Elbe or the southernmost, the former the furthest from the Elbe of the three climbs. It is an old high-altitude road on the right bank of the Elbe, which can be traced almost continuously from Weinböhla via Sebnitz and Schönlinde to the Tollenstein Pass . In other sections, too, it is sometimes still referred to as Thieves' Street.
In the Middle Ages, the Rennsteig was the northern flood-free bypass of the marshy Elbe lowlands. It owes its name, like more than 200 equivalent routes in the entire German-speaking area, to so-called racers, i.e. fast messengers. Originally it was called Roßsteig because it was one of the few paths in the heath that could be traveled by horse and cart. Coming from the Elbe river Serkowitz , it ran over the Rundling of the former village of Radebeul, straight through the Junge Heide to Klotzsche. From the local Schenkhübel it was in the course and also by name congruent with the salt road , which ran across the heath to Bühlau. Around 1455 it lost its importance because the Salt Road was to be diverted into the soft area of Dresden.
Its course through the main part of the Dresdner Heide is still largely known, but it is not accessible everywhere, like at the level of the Klotzscher railway systems. From Schenkhübel it leads through the Klotzsche forest park parallel to the Kurwiese and on the Großer Kretzschelgrund down to the cowl bridge over the Prießnitz, which was renovated in 2000. Passing the Meschwitzruhe , it rises again towards Königsplatz. Then it goes, in many sections directly along the old dunes, further to the southeast and just south of the Dresdner Saugarten and the Kranichsee. Near the Rehwiese, not far from the forest gardens, he unites with the old two and can be followed to Bühlau.
In Radebeul , the other two paths branched off to the south, with the sister path being the middle path. It is only preserved between Bühlau and Radeberger Landstrasse. On the other hand, there are still large sections of the thief path. First it runs in an east-west direction through the Junge Heide, past the former Radebeul-Ost forest park and the "Umwurf", to temporarily end on the motorway southwest of the Heidefriedhof . Above the Wild Man he began to traverse the woodless terrain of the Heller, but has largely disappeared here. At the northern end of the industrial site, he uses the kitchen bridge to cross the Prießnitz. Continuously uphill, it goes straight to the Dresdner Saugarten, but just before it meets the Rennsteig and turns sharply south here. This intersection is the only place since the Radebeul junction where the three paths met, in historical times also the sister path. Further south of the heath, the Diebsteig is partly identical to the Alte Drei, passes the Degele spring in Mordgrund and then heads towards Loschwitz through the Weißer Hirsch of the Plattleite.
Selected locations
Albertpark
This is a part of the forest that was bought up by the Dresden City Council in 1898/1899 to protect the old heather forest and the drinking water catchment area of the Saloppe . Since then, unlike the rest of the heather, it has been in the Neustadt district . This nature reserve bears his name because it was acquired with funds from the King Albert Foundation. It fills the acute angle between the Radeberger Vorstadt and the Elbe castles, more precisely between Fischhausstrasse and Bautzner Strasse, and lies at the western foot of Wolfshügel. The Albertpark is 118 hectares and has contiguous old deciduous forest stands. Among other things, the bridge over the Moritzburg-Pillnitzer Küchenweg over the Gutebornbach is located here and next to it is an obelisk with a portrait medallion of King Albert of Saxony . A smaller part in the north of Albertpark is known as Heidepark, the fish house is also here.
Fish house
In the 15th century, a pipeline was laid in the Dresdner Heide , which was intended for the water supply of the Augustinian monastery in Altendresden . The specially built storage ponds in the course of the Eisenbornbach , at the foot of the steep ascent of the Lusatian disturbance, but before its entry into the narrow Schotengrund, were used by the Saxon court in the 16th century for fish farming. In this context, a pond keeper's house, first mentioned in 1575, was built near these Fischmannste ponds on Radeberger Strasse. This building, known as the fish house, has kept its name so far, despite the fact that fishing will soon be stopped. The electoral forestry office had its seat here. From 1650 the building was licensed. Guest rooms were set up in the 18th century, followed by temporary neglect in the 19th century. In 1901 the fish house reopened as a forest restaurant. Shortly before the fall of the Wall, the renovation of the historic building, which was not completed in time, began. It then stood empty until a restaurant moved here again in 2000.
Heidepark
In 1888 Viktor Böhmert founded the Volkswohl cooperative , which aimed to create educational and recreational opportunities for workers and their children. Just one year later, for this reason, he leased a section of the Dresdner Heide on Fischhausstrasse at the gates of the city and had it converted into a forest playground. The inexpensive park restaurant Volksheim and a nature theater were built in 1893. Six years later, the residential city of Dresden bought the site as part of the Albert Park. From 1923 the forest school built here could be attended by school classes for the purpose of teaching close to nature, during the Second World War and the years afterwards the people's home served as a children's recreation center. In the 1960s, a garage courtyard and a sports field were built, and the restaurant business had been closed since the end of the war. The increasing connection to old traditions after the fall of the Wall resulted in a forest playground. A memorial stone erected in 1899 commemorates Boehmert's achievements.
Luther oak
A Luther oak was planted on October 28, 1917 on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of the Reformation in the area of the former forest recreation site Princess-Margarethen-Park . It is about a kilometer east of the fish house. At the foot of the tree there is a memorial stone protected as a cultural monument in the heather with a gold-plated inscription from quotations by Johann Gottfried Herder and Martin Luther. The Luther oak is the only remaining Dresden memorial tree in the heath, where there were once at least two other Luther oaks as well as a Bismarck oak and several betting oaks.
Wolf hill
The Wolfshügel is a 211 meter high elevation in the course of the Lusatian Fault on the eastern edge of the Albertpark. Its name is reminiscent of the formerly nearby wolf garden, first mentioned in the 16th century, in which wolves were kept for hunting . A wooden observation scaffold that had existed since 1886 was replaced in 1911 by a 25-meter-high stone tower designed by Hans Erlwein . With its wide view over the city of Dresden, comparable to the Luisenhof , it was a popular excursion destination. During the last days of the war in May 1945, the Wehrmacht blew up the tower so as not to hand it over to Soviet hands as an observation post. The foundations and rubble of the Wolf Hill Tower have been preserved, but repeated plans for rebuilding are costly.
Dachsenberg
At 280.8 m above sea level, the Dachsenberg is the highest point on the Dresden Heath. According to tradition, its name goes back to a particularly large badger den allegedly located here in earlier times . On the south-western slope, a barrow indicates a Bronze Age settlement. During the GDR era until 1989, the summit was largely inaccessible, as the Ministry for State Security operated a monitoring station there, the buildings of which are used as a nature conservation station by the Dresden Nature Conservation Youth. There are also two transmitter masts on the mountain, one each operated by Deutsche Telekom and one operated by Vodafone .
Elbe castles
In the middle of the 19th century, the three Elbe castles were built where the heather comes closest to the Elbe. They stand on the upper edge of the Elbe slope, belong to Loschwitz and are individually called Schloss Albrechtsberg , Lingnerschloss and Schloss Eckberg . The building ensemble is very representative. In the middle building, which is also called Villa Stockhausen, the “ World Heritage Center ” of the then world cultural heritage Dresden Elbe Valley had its seat.
graveyards
Heath cemetery
The well-known Heidefriedhof is located in the Junge Heide . It was laid out in the 1930s along the Cottaschen L-wing, which acts as the main axis, and is more than 50 hectares in size. More than 10,000 victims of the air raids on Dresden are buried here, for whom there is a memorial. Other memorials exist in the cemetery, such as the grove of honor for those persecuted by National Socialism , a roundabout as a memorial with different names of destroyed places and concentration camps, and a small grove of honor for anti-fascists from other nations.
North Cemetery
The north cemetery is the old garrison cemetery of Albertstadt and is located on Marienallee or Kannenhenkel a little north of today's army officers' school. It was inaugurated in 1901 and covers an area of 4.3 hectares. The oldest part is surrounded on all sides by walls, in 1917 an honorary grove was added outside the original complex for the fallen of the First World War , several thousand of whom are buried here. In addition to Reichswehr soldiers, this also affects foreign prisoners of war. In 1930 the name of the garrison cemetery was renamed the local cemetery, and in 1945 the northern cemetery. During the Second World War have been here since 1940, first German soldiers, executed or by suicide late conscientious objectors buried and forced laborers of other nationalities, and later a small part of the Dresden bombing victims on 13 February 1945. The North Cemetery is used for civilian and public since 1951 and is since 1987 under monument conservation.
Soviet garrison cemetery
The Soviet occupying forces had taken over the neighboring former Wehrmacht barracks and established their garrison cemetery in the immediate post-war period. It is located diagonally across from the north cemetery, at the entrance to the forest. Soviet soldiers who died fighting the Third Reich during the last days of the Second World War were buried here, as well as soldiers who died during the years of occupation. Family members of the military or former Nazi forced laborers also found their final resting place here. The graves are designed uniformly. In 1947 and 1957, the Soviets erected two memorials here, including a 16-meter-high obelisk. The last burial took place in 1987, since 1994 the Soviet garrison cemetery has been administered by Saxony after the withdrawal of the CIS troops and is also looked after from the neighboring northern cemetery.
Ullersdorfer Försterhain
There is a small, enclosed, honorary grove near Ullersdorf , which commemorates six Ullersdorf forest officials from the 19th century. For this purpose, at the request of a forester, their gravestones were moved here from the Großerkmannsdorf cemetery at the beginning of the 20th century. There are no graves here and the inscriptions are difficult to read. In 1992 the honor grove was restored to an overall worthy condition.
Yard meadows
In the Dresden Heath several Hofewiesen which therefore bear their names were, because on them farmers of the neighboring towns as Frondienst harvested hay, which the Saxon for the feeding of hunting wild court was needed. In return, these farmers received the right to guard in parts of the Dresdner Heide. Two of the meadows still exist.
Langebrücker Hofewiese
The Langebrücker Hofewiese, first mentioned in a document in 1547, also known as the Hofewiese because of its size of almost 50 hectares , is located between the Heidemühle and Langebrück, completely enclosed by forest. They managed the Ostravorwerk , which is why it was previously called Vorwerkswiese. The Saxon cabinet minister, Count Camillo Marcolini , had a building erected here in 1804 and surrounded the entire meadow with 56 largely preserved sandstone pillars, which are decorated with the year 1804, his initials and the course swords. In the possession of King Anton since 1828 , the farm meadow was used for horse breeding and administered by a meadow bailiff. Fully licensed from 1877 onwards, the restaurant building was expanded in 1935, followed by operation for another 50 years until 1985 and a kiosk between 1993 and 2000. It is empty due to structural defects, but is to be renovated. In 2016 the Hofewiese became the property of Holger Zastrow . For the time being, a beer garden opened at Whitsun 2016. The inn is to be renovated from 2019 and reopen as an event restaurant. From July 1945 the bar served as a boarding school for the KPD for a few months. The goosefoot path that crosses the meadow was converted into a road in 1973. Since April 2009 the section between Hofewiese and Heidemühle has officially been a forest path again and access for vehicles is only permitted via Langebrück. For the red deer and roe deer on the heath, the courtyard meadow is an important rutting and grazing area.
Ullersdorfer Hofewiese
A courtyard meadow has also been preserved in Ullersdorf. Although it is almost completely enclosed by Dresden's urban area and forest, it still belongs to Radeberg. In the past, the Ullersdorfer Hofewiese, first mentioned in 1605, was comparable in size and importance with its Langebrücker counterpart and encroached deep into the heather with three pointed meadows. The Döhnertszipfelwiese is forested again, the Green Zipfelwiese is still used for agriculture. The northernmost section of the Ullersdorfer Hofewiese is called Tanzzipfelwiese, which is associated with a legend. According to this, after a heather hunt, Augustus the Strong is said to have guaranteed the meadow as property to those who dance around it without interruption. A hunter's boy succeeded in doing this.
Young heather
The Junge Heide is an area isolated from the main part of the forest between Trachau and Wilschdorf. Its name is not due to its early age, but rather that it was a narrow, tapered extension of the Dresden Heath towards the west for centuries . The name is first documented in 1560. The separation of the Junge Heide from the rest of the Heidewald took place in 1827 by clearing the Heller. Reinforced by the construction of various traffic systems, the impression arises that this is a completely separate forest. The Junge Heide is almost completely surrounded by settlements. The city of Dresden incorporated part of it as early as 1927 in order to later build the Heidefriedhof there. The rest has belonged to Dresden since 1950 through the incorporation of the entire state forest of Dresdner Heide.
Tree meadow and surroundings
The first mentioned in the mid-16th century Baumwiese was called in 1578 by the Animal Crossing paths (hunting grounds) in this area track fields meadow and later only train meadow , from which probably developed its present name. The excursion restaurant of the same name located here has been licensed since the 17th century. In the immediate vicinity, residents also operated viticulture until 1885, which is still reminiscent of an old vineyard house from 1660. Other, partly still preserved wineries from this time are the nearby Lindenhof and Waldhof. The well-known excursion restaurant Waldmax has been located east of the tree meadow since 1922.
Oltersteine, Olterteich and Roter Teich
The Oltersteine are located in the east of the Junge Heide. These are two blocks of tertiary quartzite that came as glacier debris from the area of today's Lausitz district during the Elster Cold Age . They are 1.50 meters high, 3 meters long and have been a nature reserve since 1937. Pagan priests possibly used them as places of worship for sacrificial acts, which is why the name of the stones is associated with the altar .
Perhaps the use of the formation had an astronomical background. A few indentations indicate this. The southern Olterstein shows the profile of a man's head and an unequal triangle made of three vertically drilled holes. The bisector of the western side of the triangle points exactly to the east. When measuring this prehistoric symbol, it was found to be 166.6 cm in circumference, twice the size of a megalithic cubit .
There are two ponds near the Oltersteine. The 80-meter-long Olterteich directly south of the stones, mentioned in 1725 as Olter Teichelgen , is protected as it is home to rare plant and animal species. In the past, farmers used it as a cattle trough, as it is one of the few heather ponds that are filled with water all year round, which is why it used to have a significantly lower water level in the summer months. Southwest of it, near the motorway, is the even smaller Rote Teich, a sky pond . Its name is derived from the reddish Cenomanium sand that emerges in this area .
Overturn
The Umschlag is a place at the intersection of Diebsteig and Sternweg, near the Cottaschen L-wing. Here Duke Heinrich the Pious had an accident with his sleigh in 1539. The panel that was erected here in 1650 has been lost.
Former Radebeul-Ost forest park
At the same time that the forest park was being built in the west of the Lößnitz villages , the Beautification Association for the Lößnitz also set up a forest park for the east of the region. For this purpose, at the beginning of the 20th century, he leased an approximately twelve hectare piece of the state forest at the far western end of the Dresden Heath, as the municipality of Radebeul itself did not have suitable land. The beautification association had it converted into a park with a fountain, shelter and playgrounds by the builder Wilhelm Eisold and the landscape gardener Gustav Adolf Pietzsch. The Bismarck spring, a paddling pool, tennis courts and a public lavatory belonged to the area that was named Friedrich-August-Park in 1908 on the occasion of a visit by the then king . On the occasion of the same visit, the promenade square and viewpoint of the park to the west, located on the slope edge, was given the name König-Friedrich-August-Höhe .
Fenced in since the First World War and supervised by several guards, the park has nevertheless been the target of vandalizing attacks on several occasions. Since the financially weak association could no longer raise the costs for operation and repair, it handed over the administration to the municipality of Radebeul in 1922.
The Chemische Fabrik v. Heyden and bought part of the site in the same year. In 1924 she built a residence building for her "officials" , which in 1934 was expanded to include a casino. In 1939 a sports field was built on the site. During and immediately after the Second World War, the area was largely cleared. As part of a fallow land campaign by the city of Radebeul's allotment garden, most of the population initially grew vegetables. These temporary fallow land parcels were converted into a regular allotment garden "Am Waldrand" from 1950. Only a few things are reminiscent of the former forest park, such as a fountain basin at the corner of Einsteinstrasse and Lessingstrasse, the tennis court that was set up at the same time and some older individual trees in the complex. At the corner of the forest road, the training center "Free Youth" , a training center of the chemical factory, followed in 1955 . After 2000, a multi-brand car dealer built a car dealership for luxury cars ( Rolls-Royce , Ferrari , Aston Martin , Maserati ) on the sports field .
(Former) health resorts on the edge of the Heider
Augustus bath
In the Augustusbad, a little away from the heath, a spring with low carbonic acid and radium content was discovered in Tannengrund in 1717 during mining attempts and was later used for regular bathing and spa operations. In 1896 a pharmacist bought the bath and ten years later set up a foundation for health insurance members. The health resort merged with Liegau in 1922 to form Liegau-Augustusbad .
Königswald and Klotzsche Forest Park
Just like the Weißer Hirsch, the Klotzsch villa district Königswald , which was built in the second half of the 19th century, endeavored to be recognized as a health resort. For this reason, around 1890 it had the Klotzsche health resort or forest park on the north-western edge of the Dresden Heath set up on an area of 180 hectares acquired by the Klotzsche community. New paths, resting and tennis courts were created and the existing trees were included. A memorial stone that was renewed in 2000 commemorates this. In addition, a monument was erected in 1905 in tribute to the late King Albert , which showed him in hunter's clothing and was intended to remind of his frequent visits to the heath. In the post-war period it fell victim to a targeted destruction campaign by the FDJ . The still-preserved base in the park is reminiscent of the monument, and the rubble was also rediscovered. The Kurwiese in the park is a natural monument.
Langebrück
Langebrück, first mentioned in 1288, was laid out as a German forest hoof village. Around 1862 it was discovered by the Dresden city population as a climatic health resort . As a result, a new district with many villas was gradually built in the south of the village between the old village center and the Dresdner Heide, but without its own forest park.
White deer with forest park
The Weißer Hirsch is a district of Dresden south of the heather and was independent as Bad Weißer Hirsch until 1921. The first mention of the name-giving pub Zum Weißen Hirsch dates from 1688. Since 1828 the place was a summer resort, from 1874 it developed into a health resort. In January 1888, Lahmanns Sanatorium finally opened , which was to become an internationally known institute. As a result of the spa efforts, the community had the spa or forest park Weißer Hirsch built between the village and the Stechgrund and expanded it around 1900 with an air bath, tennis courts and a concert venue. A golf course, from which the Bühlau forest gardens emerged , was also added some distance away. Königswald and the Klotzsche forest park developed in a similar way.
Meschwitzruhe
This resting place is at the confluence of the sand gorge in the Prießnitzgrund near Klotzsche. A 1.50 m high memorial stone located here commemorates the forest inspector Friedrich Wilhelm Meschwitz (1815–1888), who played a major role in the development of the forest area for tourism in the 19th century. In the 1870s, for example, he led the expansion of the Sandschluchtweg and initiated the planting of trees along Marien- and Stauffenbergallee . Immediately next to the memorial column is a stone table with benches, in the 18th century the favorite place of Duke Karl von Kurland , a grandson of Augustus the Strong . The Kuttenbrücke is located near the Meschwitzruhe, on which the Rennsteig crosses the Prießnitz.
Mills
Heidemühle
The Heidemühle is located in the middle of the Dresdner Heide, where the Radeberger Straße crosses the Prießnitz. The earlier wooden bridge, which was renewed in Stein in 1558, is called the Great Hengst Bridge and was the main requirement for a mill to be built at this location. In place of the current Heidemühle there was previously a sawmill . As early as the end of the 18th century there were several attempts to set up an inn here. However, the city of Radeberg successfully appealed because the place was in their ban mile , where only Radeberger beer was allowed to be served.
The Heidemühle is named after a mill of the same name, which used to be located much further upstream, near the edge of the heather near Weißig, and which existed at least since the early 16th century. In the course of the expansion of Radeberger Straße to a larger traffic route around 1840, the Weißiger Müller decided to set up a bar and to give up the old Heidemühle near Weißig, of which traces of the old mill ditch and mill pond can still be seen. He broke it off in 1842. The new heather mill opened at its current location as a grinding, cutting and board mill.
The current building was built in the Swiss house style in 1881 after the previous building burned down completely on December 16, 1880. It became very attractive as an excursion restaurant when a small zoo was set up in its neighborhood for several years. Near the Heidemühle, at the intersection of Gänsefußes and Prießnitztalstraße, there is a memorial stone that commemorates the writer and painter Guido Hammer , who portrayed and described the Dresden Heath.
Death mill
The Todmühle is located on the eastern edge of the Dresdner Heide near Ullersdorf. Here the Ullersdorfer Landstrasse crosses the Prießnitz by means of the Death Bridge, first mentioned in 1568, whose water power drove the mill. The name goes back to the old custom of driving out death . On the Sunday Laetare (third Sunday before Easter), villagers burned a straw doll every year as a symbol of the ephemeral and thus drove out winter. The Todberg am Heiderand, directly north of Ullersdorf, is also connected to it. From 1745 the town of Radeberg and the church prohibited the old custom. The Lang & Heyne watch manufacturer (formerly the Todmühle or Todenmühle restaurant) is located near the actual Todmühle .
Sauerbusch and giant oaks
The northernmost part of the Dresdner Heide, located between the two railway lines to Koenigsbrück and Görlitz , is called Sauerbusch , which could indicate the moist soil conditions in this area. In older maps it is also called Lausaer Holz or Lausaer Seite. Parts of Sauer bush, in the stalk and swamp oaks dominate, formed the Gutswald of the manor of Hermsdorf .
Particularly noteworthy are the two giant oaks that are located on the eastern edge of the Sauerbusch and are about 50 meters apart. These are trees that were mentioned as Zwo Alte Eichen as early as 1679/89 , so that even then they stood out for their stately appearance. They are therefore probably the oldest trees on the Dresden Heath and have therefore been designated a natural monument. One of the trees died a few years ago. The second oak has a chest height of 6.60 m (2016).
Saugartenmoor and Bad Hole
The Saugartenmoor, which is protected as an area natural monument, is located about 200 meters north of the Dresden Saugarten . In older maps it is also referred to as the Saugartenteich. It belongs to the rocking bog type, which is rare in Saxony . The stage of development of a real bog has not been reached. All peat deposits originated in the flat moor. The Böse Loch is located a few 100 meters south-east of the Saugarten Bog. This is also a moor that lies on the edge of the same dune and is also drained into the nearby Prießnitz. It is designated as a natural monument.
Suction gardens
In the Dresdner Heide there were four suction gardens to keep wild boars for court hunts until the 1820s. The suction gardens were walled in and contained a small homestead. There were suction gardens in the middle of the heath ("Dresdner Saugarten") as well as in the vicinity of the northern heather locations Liegau-Augustusbad , Langebrück and Lausa .
Black cross
The Black Cross is an old Catholic prayer cross from the pre-Reformation period, located in the southwest of the heath on the can handle. It was probably donated by a member of the Trobisch family, who live in the villages west of the heather. It is mentioned in 1572 as the Drebischkreuz and in 1602 as the Black Cross, which can be traced back to a fire. In 1706 a Swedish officer from the army of Charles XII. have been shot dead. In addition, a fatal duel between two Saxon guard officers took place in 1715. The restoration of the now defunct original cross took place in 1993.
Mushroom Monument
The mushroom monument is a hunting monument and was erected in 1827. It is reminiscent of the last parforce hunt under the Saxon King Friedrich August the Just .
Stechgrund and Mordgrund
Dresden.jpg)
View of Lord Findlater's possessions on the Hirschberg north of Dresden. Center: The Mordgrund Bridge over the Stechgrund.
The Kerbtal in the south of the Dresdner Heide is called Stechgrund in the upper area on the Lausitzer Platte and Mordgrund in the lower, western part of the central terrace. It runs in an east-west direction to the Elbe and is traversed by the Mordgrundbach , also called Mordgrundwasser or Stechgrundbach. This begins in the so-called Metizenbruch, which is enclosed by the Bühlau forest gardens. After a few 100 meters, it enters the Upper Stechgrund, which is a protected area as a natural monument. In this area, the Stechgrund separates the Weißer Hirsch forest park from the rest of the heather. The presidential beech is located near the intersection with HG-Weg. Around where the thief's path crosses the Stechgrund, there are two well-known springs, the Degele spring and the sister spring.
In the far west of the Weißer Hirsch district, the valley, now known as Mordgrund, is crossed by the Mordgrund Bridge, on which Bautzner Straße ( B 6 ) runs. The bridge was first mentioned in 1420. After its collapse in 1784, a stone bridge built in 1587 was initially replaced by a wooden structure and in 1828 by today's stone bridge. The name Mordgrund is linked to an old legend, but apparently has its origin in the German colonization as Markgrund, which means something like Grenzgrund. In the hillside forest of Mordgrund there is a sandstone statue of the centaur Cheiron , created by Otto Petrenz in 1902 , who is known in Greek mythology as the master of the hunt. There is also a quarry here, which is a designated natural monument. The Napoleonschanze is located above it. Already raised by the Prussians in the battle against Austria during the Seven Years' War in 1758 , the Emperor of the French used it as an observation post on August 26, 1813.
Forest gardens
The Bühlauer Waldgärten are around 350 parcels of very winding allotment gardens in the south of the Dresdner Heide. They emerged from a golf course north of the Weißer Hirsch spa park, which consisted of nine fairways. After the Second World War it remained unused because the population was faced with completely different problems, such as food shortages. For this reason, local residents grew potatoes and vegetables on the wasteland in 1946. Initially it was about Grabeland , the use of which was initially only limited to two years under the name of the garden colony golf course. However, active gardening enthusiasts later founded an allotment garden association and were even able to prevent the reforestation planned in 1958. The so-called Schöler-Laube, a type of gazebo with a forest hut character that only exists there, was decisive for the complex. The only surviving, now restored specimen can be viewed on the festival meadow. The clubhouse that emerged from the former golf club house and was built in 1931 according to plans by Wilhelm Kreis is a listed building.
Betting column
The Wettinsäule is a monument in the Prießnitzgrund near the Kannenhenkel Bridge. It is designed as an obelisk and named after the Saxon royal house of the Wettins . This celebrated in 1889 on the occasion of its 800th anniversary a jubilee, on the occasion of which the column was erected in memory of it.
Others
- In Langebrück regularly named after the heath district magazine, the location indicator appears Heidebote in Klotzsche appears Heide sheet .
- After Heath various settlements were named, the Heidehäuser in Radeberg and Heidehof in Langebrück.
- Was also named after the heath the Dresden heath-Bahn , a 1903/04 along Königsbrücker road traffic forming trolleybus .
Individual evidence
- ^ Map of the natural areas in Saxony. (PDF, 859 kB) Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology, archived from the original on March 20, 2013 ; Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Dominik Brüggemann: Last ram shot - mouflons extinct in the Dresden Heath. In: Dresdner Latest News. October 4, 2013, accessed December 1, 2019 .
- ^ Ordinance of the state capital Dresden establishing the landscape protection area "Dresdner Heide" from February 19, 2008. (PDF; 54 kB) State capital Dresden, accessed on July 11, 2014 .
- ^ Themed city map of Dresden: LSG 1 "Dresdner Heide".
- ↑ a b Protected areas according to the Nature Conservation Act. (PDF; 331 kB) In: Environmental Atlas of the City of Dresden. Environmental Office of the City of Dresden, June 2014, p. 4 , accessed on August 11, 2016 .
- ^ Draft of the ordinance on the LSG "Dresdner Heide". (PDF; 8 kB) BUND e. V. Dresden district group, December 5, 2006, accessed on July 11, 2014 .
- ^ Themed city map of Dresden: FFH Prießnitzgrund (FFH 7).
- ↑ a b Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017
- ^ Dresden forest district. Staatsbetrieb Sachsenforst , accessed on May 18, 2020 (with a map of the Dresden forest district).
- ↑ Climbing forest Dresdner Heide. Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Paths and signposts of the Dresdner Heide in the Openstreetmap Wiki
- ^ Nora Kindermann: Park and Garden Guide Dresden. Verlag Daniel Jacob, Dresden 2012, ISBN 978-3-942098-11-3 , p. 190.
- ^ Thomas Drendel: Zastrow awakens the Hofewiese , in: Sächsische Zeitung , March 9, 2016.
- ^ Mike Schmeitzner: Schools of the dictatorship. The cadre training of the KPD / SED in Saxony 1945–1952 (= reports and studies. Volume 33). Hannah Arendt Institute for Totalitarianism Research at the TU Dresden eV, Dresden 2001, ISBN 3-931648-36-2 , p. 19f.
- ↑ Langebrücker Hofewiese. In: radeberger-land.de. Archived from the original on July 15, 2009 ; Retrieved December 13, 2009 .
- ↑ Hofewiese. In: dresdner-stadtteile.de. Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ On the history of the tree meadow. Landidyll Hotel baumiese, archived from the original on July 10, 2014 ; Retrieved July 10, 2014 .
- ↑ forest max. In: dresdner-stadtteile.de. Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Telling stones: All around the Hellerberge. Palitzsch Society, archived from the original on October 12, 2007 ; Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Olter stones and pond. In: radeberger-land.de. Archived from the original on April 26, 2010 ; Retrieved December 13, 2009 .
- ↑ Chronicle. Allotment gardeners association "Am Waldrand" e. V., accessed on May 18, 2020 .
- ^ Liegau-Augustusbad. In: radeberger-land.de. Archived from the original on June 24, 2008 ; Retrieved December 13, 2009 .
- ↑ Klotzsche Forest Park. In: dresdner-stadtteile.de. Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Langebrück. In: dresdner-stadtteile.de. Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ↑ About summer retreat and sanatoriums. In: Dresden-Weisser-Hirsch.de. Retrieved July 11, 2014 .
- ^ Meschwitzruhe , in: Sächsische Zeitung , August 9, 2007.
- ^ Radeberger Chronik 1840-1904 . P. 395. Handwritten manuscript. Archive no. 00003477. Museum Schloss Klippenstein Radeberg
- ↑ Contact. Lang & Heyne, accessed May 16, 2019 .
- ^ History of the KGV "Bühlauer Waldgärten" e. V. Accessed July 11, 2014 .
Literature and Sources
- Paul Hermann Barthel: Our heath. Cultural and historical forays through Dresden's largest forest area . Beßner Verlag, Dresden 1935.
- Sigrid Both et al. (Ed.): Dresdner Heide . Berg- und Naturverlag Rölke, Dresden 2006, ISBN 3-934514-18-9 .
- Bertram Greve: Radeberger Land . In: The Radeberger Heimat . Interest group "Die Radeberger Heimat", Radeberg 1994, issue 1 [with issue 2 (1996) publication discontinued.]
- Rolf Hertel, Hans-Jürgen Hardtke: Plants and animals of the Dresden Heath . State Museum for Animal Science, Dresden 1987, ISBN 3-910007-05-8 .
- Heinrich Meschwitz: History of the Dresdner Heide and its residents . Verlag Heinrich, Dresden 1911.
- Otto Koepert , Oskar Pusch (ed.): The Dresdner Heide and its surroundings . Heinrich Verlag, Dresden 1932.
- Herbert Wotte: Dresdner Heide . Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1962 (our little traveling booklet; issue 9).
- Topographic map 1: 50000, sheet L 4948, Landesvermessungsamt Sachsen 1995.
- Measurement table sheet 1: 25000, sheet 4948, Saxony state survey 1910, 1939, unchanged reprint of the Saxony State Surveying Office 1993.
- Dresdner Heide, Pillnitz, Radeberger Land (= values of our homeland . Volume 27). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1976, p. 72ff.
Web links
- "District" Dresdner Heide
- Dresden Heath
- Paths and waymarks of the Dresdner Heide in the Openstreetmap-Wiki
- Historic heather trails
- Article in Stadtwiki Dresden
- Documentation Wolf Hill Tower
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 44 ″ N , 13 ° 50 ′ 17 ″ E
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