Koenigswinter

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Koenigswinter
Koenigswinter
Map of Germany, position of the city of Koenigswinter highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′  N , 7 ° 11 ′  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Cologne
Circle : Rhein-Sieg district
Height : 57 m above sea level NHN
Area : 76.17 km 2
Residents: 41,277 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 542 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 53639
Primaries : 02223, 02244Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : SU
Community key : 05 3 82 024
LOCODE : DE KOW
City structure: 9 districts

City administration address : 		Drachenfelsstrasse 9–11
53639 Koenigswinter
Website : www.koenigswinter.de
Mayor : Peter Wirtz ( CDU )
Location of the city of Königswinter in the Rhein-Sieg district
Rheinland-Pfalz Bonn Köln Kreis Euskirchen Oberbergischer Kreis Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis Rhein-Erft-Kreis Alfter Bad Honnef Bornheim (Rheinland) Eitorf Hennef (Sieg) Königswinter Lohmar Meckenheim (Rheinland) Much Neunkirchen-Seelscheid Niederkassel Rheinbach Ruppichteroth Sankt Augustin Siegburg Swisttal Troisdorf Wachtberg Windeckmap
About this picture
Königswinter from the Drachenfels , Post Tower and Langer Eugen in the background
Königswinter from the Rhine, Drachenfels and Drachenburg in the background

Königswinter is a town in the Rhein-Sieg district in North Rhine-Westphalia with 41,277 inhabitants (December 31, 2019), on the eastern side of the Rhine opposite the Bad Godesberg district of the federal city of Bonn . The city lies at the foot of the Siebengebirge with the Petersberg , which, as the location of the federal guest house, has often been the venue for national and international conferences. According to state planning, Königswinter assumes the function of a medium-sized center .

geography

The city lies between Bad Honnef and Bonn- Beuel across from Bad Godesberg on the right side of the Rhine , which is located at this point in the transition area from the Middle to the Lower Rhine . In terms of natural space, the extreme west of the urban area can be assigned to the Godesberger Rheintaltrichter ( Cologne Bay ), a middle section to the Siebengebirge , the greater part of the east to the Pleiser Hügelland and a smaller part to the southeast of the Asbacher plateau ( Niederwesterwald ). It thus covers an area that extends from the Rhine Valley to the northwestern foothills of the Westerwald . At Königswinter, north of Drachenfels and Petersberg, the Rhine Valley gradually expands into the beginning of the Cologne Bay. Other prominent hills are the Dollendorfer Hardt , the Lohrberg , the Nonnenstromberg , the Stenzelberg , the Weilberg and the Wolkenburg . The highest elevation in the city of Königswinter, at the same time the highest in the Rhein-Sieg district, marks the summit of 461  m above sea level. NHN high Great Mount of Olives ; the lowest point is reached at almost 50  m on the banks of the Rhine near Niederdollendorf .

The old town of Königswinter is 57  m above sea level. NHN on a 500 meter wide terrace at the north-western beginning of the Drachenfels and at the foot of the Petersberg. The Mühlental (valley of the Mirbesbach ) and the Nachtigallental lead up into the Siebengebirge . The district of Königswinter extends in the northeast to the summit of the Petersberg, which it shares with Niederdollendorf . The development of the city extends from the height of the historic old town right up to the Rhine, is bounded further north by a wider stripe and in the north, in part seamlessly, merges into the Niederdollendorfs. In the south it is bounded and rejuvenated by a narrow point leading only two streets and two railway lines, which is formed at this point by the Drachenfels, which extends to the Rhine between Rhöndorf in the south and Königswinter in the north. There is also the Drachenfels reason , a historically lined designated shoal in the Rhine. To the east and above the route of the federal highway 42 and in the wide valley between Petersberg and Hirschberg there are smaller residential areas, allotments and single houses, including the Wintermühlenhof , as well as on the Rüdenet , a north-western ridge of the Drachenfels.

Königswinter's location is favored by its proximity to Bonn and in particular to the federal district that is six kilometers away . Due to the national and supranational institutions located there such as federal ministries , federal authorities and international organizations such as the United Nations and several global players, this represents a focus of the workplace.

The slopes of the mountains in Königswinter and Oberdollendorf have always been used for viticulture . The vineyards in the “ Certain Middle Rhine growing area ” are part of the Petersberg area . The Rheinsteig long-distance hiking trail opened in 2005 on the right bank of the Rhine leads from Bonn over the Drachenfels to Wiesbaden. Königswinter offers access to Germany's most climbed mountain, the Drachenfels . With the castle ruins from the 12th century, supported by the cogwheel railway that has been in operation since 1883, this has played a decisive role in shaping Königswinter's name as a tourist destination.

Expansion of the urban area

Königswinter, aerial view from the south-east
Drachenfels ruin with the restaurant, which has since been demolished

The urban area of ​​Königswinter extends in a north-south direction about ten kilometers from the Bonn district of Beuel to the Bad Honnef district of Rhöndorf . In an east-west direction, it extends from the Rhineland-Palatinate municipality of Buchholz to the border with the Bonn district of Bad Godesberg in the middle of the Rhine, with an extension of approximately 14.5 kilometers.

City structure

The urban area of ​​Königswinter extends over an area of ​​76.19 square kilometers, making it the fourth largest in the Rhein-Sieg district. It is divided into a mountain and valley area with around 80 districts / farmsteads, which are divided into the nine districts of Stieldorf , Königswinter, Niederdollendorf , Oberdollendorf , Heisterbacherrott , Ittenbach , Oberpleis , Eudenbach and Thomasberg :

Old Town, Bellinghausen , Bellinghauserhof, Belling Hauser derision , Benner Scheid , Berghausen , Bönschenhof, Bockeroth , Boseroth, Dahlhausen, Düferoth , Döttscheid, Eisbach , Elsfeld , Eudenbach , Eudenberg, Faulenbitze, Frankenforst, Freckwinkel , Friedrichshöhe, Glad Hardt , Gratzfeld , Grafe Hohn, Hartberg , Hasenboseroth , Heiderhof, Heisterbach , Heisterbacherrott , Herresbach , Höhnchen, Höhnerhof, Hühnerberg, Hünscheiderhof, Hüscheid , Ittenbach , Jüngsfeld , cap Bungert, Kellersboseroth, tilting Hohn, Kochenbach , Comp, Kotthausen, Lahr, Margarethenhoehe , low-Buchholz, Niederdollendorf , low Scheurenstraße , Nonnenberg , upper Buchholz, Oberdollendorf , Oberpleis , upper Scheuren , Oelinghoven , pearls Hardt, Pleiserhohn , Pützstück, Quirrenbach , Rauschendorf , rust rings , Ruttscheid , Rübhausen , Römlinghoven , sand , sand Scheid , Sassenberg, Schnepperroth, Schwirzpohl , Siefen, special bush, Sonnenbergerhof, Stieldorf , stem Dorfer Hohn , Thelenbitze , Thomas Berg , Uthweiler , Vinxel , Wahlfeld , Wahlfelderhof, Waschpohl, Weiler, Willmeroth .

The core city of Königswinter (district Altstadt ) has 5,105 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). The places Kappesbungert and Hishediderhof are not inhabited, but are still registered as districts. Conversely, Bellinghauserhohn and Herresbach are geographically independent localities, but are not shown in the urban population statistics.

The following 13 districts exist within the boundaries of the former municipalities: Berghausen, Hasenpohl , Heisterbacherrott, Ittenbach, Königswinter, Niederdollendorf, Oberdollendorf, Oberhau , Oberpleis, Oelinghoven, Rauschendorf, Vinxel, Wahlfeld. "Oberhau" is not a place name, but a summary of 14 districts in the mountain region. The Hasenpohl district also does not have a village of the same name.

Neighboring cities and towns

In a clockwise direction, starting in the north, the following cities and municipalities border the city of Königswinter: Federal City Bonn ( City District Beuel ), City Sankt Augustin (Rhein-Sieg-Kreis), City Hennef (Rhein-Sieg-Kreis), Municipality Buchholz ( Verbandsgemeinde Asbach , Neuwied district ), town of Bad Honnef (Rhein-Sieg district), federal city of Bonn ( district of Bad Godesberg ).

climate

The climate in Königswinter is mild in a national comparison. The annual average temperature (average 1971 to 2000) is 10.9 degrees Celsius, with significant fluctuations between valley and mountain areas. According to forecasts by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, the average annual temperature, extrapolated from 2001 to 2030, will be 11.9 degrees Celsius, and the growing season will be longer.

history

The name Königswinter

The name Königswinter supposedly came about after Charlemagne had acquired a wine domain on the Drachenfels, making it a royal winegrowing place ( Latin: Vinetum  = vineyard), but there is no evidence of this. In 893 the name Vintre (questionable Uintre ) appears for the first time in a document from the Prüm Abbey in the Eifel , where the vineyards are located. However, this place name in the Prümer Urbar cannot be assigned unequivocally, it can also be the Oberwinter a few kilometers upstream . In a document from 1015, Koenigswinter is mentioned for the first time under the date February 25th, albeit in the form of Winetre , while Emperor Heinrich II. Donated a property to the Bonn women's convent Dietkirchen , which Count Wilhelm and his brother Boppo owned in the Auelgau region Had left Winetre. In the years 1064 and 1269 the place was mentioned as "Wintere" and in 1316 as "Wynteren inferior" (low winter). It was not until 1342 that the name "Kuoningwinteren" appeared for the first time.

Gerhard Mercator (1512–1594) referred to the city as "Coninxwinter" in his map of the Duchy of Berg, the County of Mark and the Diocese of Cologne, first published in 1585 in the Tabulae Geographicae in Duisburg. The Cologne map maker Matthias Quad (1557–1613) created a map of the Electoral Cologne area in 1596 based on a template by Cornelius Adgerus (around 1520–1595?), Where the name has changed to "Conixwinter". In 1793, on a map showing the south of Kurköln, Franz Johann Joseph von Reilly (1766-1820) , who was active in Vienna, already lists Königswinter in its current spelling.

Königswinter until the end of the Electoral Cologne period

Siege of Königswinter by Count Palatine Johann Kasimir 1583; Engraving of a pamphlet from the Truchsessian War

One in the 1st century BC Refuge castle built by the Celts with a stone and palisade wall can be proven on the Petersberg . Archaeological finds, however, show that as early as 3500 BC BC people settled on the Petersberg in Königswinter.

Traces of Roman quarry activity from 50 AD on the Drachenfels and the use of these stones in Roman buildings in the towns downstream are further evidence of human activity in the region. Königswinter probably originated from a Franconian settlement, because there are finds (for example in the form of a Franconian tombstone in Niederdollendorf ) that can be dated back to the year 680 AD. So there were probably residents in the region at that time.

The Essen Abbey and the Heisterbach Abbey owned a farm in the village. Wonderfully country belonged Koenigswinter to Electorate of Cologne and the administration was under the Office Wolkenburg , which included the two castles Drachenfels and clouds Castle and the towns of Winter King and Ittenbach. Although Königswinter had a city wall and thus one of the typical features of a city, the place had no city rights, so that it was to be regarded as a so-called patch . An attack on the place in September 1583 by troops of the Count Palatine Johann Kasimir in the Truchsessischen War was unsuccessful. In February 1643 Hessian troops attacked Königswinter and plundered the place. In 1670 the area comprised 109 houses. In 1689 almost all buildings burned down because French soldiers looted Königswinter. In 1795, French troops marched into Königswinter again.

In 1780 the new parish church of St. Remigius was built . After the secularization of the Archbishopric of Kurköln in 1803, Königswinter fell to the Principality of Nassau-Usingen , in 1806 to the Napoleonic Grand Duchy of Berg and finally in 1815 to the Kingdom of Prussia .

Napoleonic period

The Grand Duchy was restructured during the French era . In 1806 Königswinter belonged to the Arrondissement of Siegburg , at the end of 1808 larger units were created, and the newly formed cantons of Siegburg and Königswinter were subordinated to the Arrondissement of Mülheim am Rhein. The cantons were divided into Mairien. Königswinter was also the administrative seat and namesake of a Mairie . During the Wars of Liberation , the Prussian major Ferdinand Wilhelm Franz Bolstern von Boltenstern was one of the initiators of the Volunteer Landsturm Banner des Siebengebirge , founded in 1813 , which actively participated in the liberation from French rule under the adjutant Franz Bernhard de Claer . During attacks on the French troops on the left bank of the Rhine after Blücher's crossing over the Rhine near Kaub on New Year's Eve 1813/14 , the commander of the outposts on the island of Nonnenwerth , the master stone carver Johann Joseph Genger, fell . A square in the center of Königswinter was named after Boltenstern. Genger and de Claer were honored with adjacent streets. A memorial on the Drachenfels was also dedicated to them. On January 14th, the French troops withdrew from the left bank of the Rhine.

Prussian period, occupation, "Third Reich"

The Prussian mayorship of Königswinter in the Siegburg district (from 1825 Siegkreis ), which emerged from the Mairie in 1816, comprised the communities of Honnef , Königswinter, Aegidienberg and Ittenbach . In 1820 Königswinter received a so-called post office attendant in the district of the Bonn post office , to whose delivery area Honnef belonged until 1849 (and Rhöndorf also afterwards). In 1862, Honnef broke away from the mayor's office and, as a city, became independent as Honnef's own mayor's office . Königswinter received city ​​rights in 1889 . The communities Aegidienberg and Ittenbach remained in the administrative area of ​​the mayor's office, which was now Königswinter-Land. The city's mayor was also head of the rural mayor's office. Residential places of the city Koenigswinter were in 1885 courtyard , Dömchen, Drachenburg and Drachenfels, Elsigerfeld , Heidsfeld, Hirschburg , bar mill, Kuckstein, Liebesbrünnchen, Marie height Pott Scheid , Rosenau , Rüdenet , Sunday mill, explosive field Wintermühlenhof and Wülsdorferhof.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the only paved road in Königswinter was today's main road, where you can also find the oldest buildings. Viticulture, forestry, quarries and a mine were the employers. The tourism that began in the 18th century and increased in the 19th century opened up a new economic basis for the place. The Drachenfels in particular was made famous by Lord Byron's romantic poem "The Castled Crag of Drachenfels" and has since been visited by British travelers on the Grande Tour. The Drachenfels also gained further fame through the Nibelungen saga , which was rediscovered at the end of the 18th century and translated from Middle High German by the Bonn Germanist Karl Simrock . Simrock linked Siegfried's slaying of the legendary dragon with the Drachenfels. Steam shipping on the Rhine began in 1827. There was an inn on the Drachenfels as early as 1833. When Mayor August Mirbach took office in 1841 , his goal was to continue to use the tourist opportunities of the Siebengebirge. As one of the first measures, a promenade was laid out in the Nachtigallental (previously called "Menessiefen") in 1861 , and over the course of the decade, tourism, which had previously stalled, was revived. Since the ascent to the Drachenfels was very steep, especially at the beginning, and the help of donkeys was uncomfortable, Mirbach tried to use the technology of the 19th century. After some time he was able to win a company for the Drachenfelsbahn project , which opened on July 17, 1883.

In 1889, a second cog railway was opened with the Petersbergbahn . With the construction of the railways, mass tourism came to the city. An important urban development measure was the expansion of the bank of the Rhine, which was previously used as a factory and loading area for Königswinterer Steinhauer and oven builders, into a promenade with a lime tree avenue, which was completed in 1895 with the construction of the bank wall. On the banks of the Rhine, in addition to the Europäische Hof, which was built in 1838 (demolished in 1972), several large hotel buildings (some of them palace hotels ) were built in close proximity , including the Düsseldorfer Hof , the Hotel Monopol (later Loreley ), the Hotel Germania , the Kölner Hof and the Berliner Hof , which overcame the previous framework of a small town and led to an urban realignment in Königswinter towards the Rhine. Industry only settled towards the end of the 19th century: the Stella factory. In 1919 Johann Lemmerz founded his rim factory, which today extends from the old town to Niederdollendorf and is still the most important company in the city. His brothers Franz and Simon Lemmerz owned a machine factory that is now in its third generation. Another foundation from the 1920s is Zera .

Westfalenhof, officers' quarters for French occupation troops

After the Versailles Treaty came into force in 1920, Königswinter (including a large part of today's urban area) initially belonged to the unoccupied area in the Rhineland . The border to the five-year occupation zone ran between Oberkassel and Oberdollendorf. As a result of the war in the Ruhr , Königswinter was also occupied by French troops on February 25, 1923 as part of the so-called "burglary area" in the southern Siegkreis and northern Neuwied district . In Westfalenhof they established an officers' quarters. The mayor of Königswinter (Josef Clever) was arrested on April 6th and taken to prison in Bonn. His deputy Liedgens then took over the official duties. During the time of occupation, a French local commander, subordinate to the district delegate in Siegburg , was deployed in Königswinter . After the London Conference , on November 17, 1924, the occupation evacuated the burglary area and the mayor Clever was reinstated.

During the National Socialist era , the economic and urban development of Königswinter was largely determined by the German Labor Front (DAF) and its sub-organization Kraft durch Freude (KdF), which organized tourism. The Villa Leonhart on the northern edge of the old town was converted into a guest house of the DAF and served temporarily as official residence of its leader Robert Ley . A previous trade union conference center and rest home (today's Adam-Stegerwald-Haus ) in the south of Königswinter was converted into the state leadership school of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), which after 1935 primarily served as the Gauführerschule of the DAF. Another state driving school ("Königswinter II") was set up in the Hotel Mattern after the acquisition by the DAF in October 1936; At times (1936–1939) up to a quarter of the nationwide participants in DAF courses came to both schools. A large rest home with a capacity of 5,000 and, according to another plan, 1,000 beds was to be built on 45,000 square meters in the vicinity of the “Königswinter I” regional driving school. In addition, the construction of a new train station in the south of the city and - in order to gain more space for the new buildings - the tunneling under the Drachenfels for the railway line were planned. The plans, for which designs from the architects Clemens Klotz and Franz Josef Krings were obtained, led to the demolition of numerous villas and houses between Hauptstrasse and Rheinallee (today's Maritim Hotel site) in the second half of the 1930s - one of the villas was replaced Added flour. The foundation stone for the Kdf-Heim was laid on May 2, 1936, until the start of the war in 1939, however, only the foundations were built and the work was then reduced and finally stopped. The Drachenburg Castle , which also fell into the possession of the DAF in 1940, served as the " Adolf Hitler School " from 1942 .

In the Second World War 206 soldiers from Königswinter died, and the city also had 125 civilian deaths. The first bombing raid on the city in the Allied air war took place on the night of March 13-14, 1941 and remained without damage. From July 1941 onwards, aircraft injured persons from Cologne and later also from the Ruhr area were accommodated in Königswinter. In 1942 several institutions moved to the city due to the ongoing air raids on Cologne, including the Terra film distribution company in the Europäische Hof, the Brewery Association of West Germany in the lodging house of the Bergischer Hof and several construction companies in Haus Felseck . In the autumn of 1943, several hotels, including the Europäische Hof, the Hotel Loreley, the Westfalenhof, the Kölner Hof and the Düsseldorfer Hof, were cleared and rebuilt to accommodate the Lindenburg hospital (university clinic) that had been bombed in Cologne . At the end of the war, typhus patients were housed here. On April 22nd, 1944, the city was the target of the heaviest air raid in the Siebengebirge area, which presumably had the Lemmerzwerke as its target and therefore led to severe destruction in the northern settlement area and cost a total of 55 lives in the city area. In what was then Hindenburgstrasse, today's Consul General von Weiß-Strasse, a house was hit, the Hotel Europäische Hof was damaged and the Hotel Berliner Hof was destroyed. The area remained undeveloped and was converted into Berliner Platz, a garden, which has been replaced by Sea Life Königswinter since 2005 . The clean-up work as a result of the air attack dragged on into the summer. In the second half of 1944, the chief public prosecutor's office at the Cologne Regional Court moved to Königswinter (Moltkestrasse 4), and a Cologne special court was relocated to the Königswinter District Court . The alternative hospitals from Cologne, located in Königswinter, moved into the Ofenkaulen from the end of February 1945 , and under the impression of increasing artillery fire on 7/8. March numerous people fled. On March 16, 1945, American combat troops coming from Rhöndorf captured the city, with the German defenders quickly withdrawing without major combat operations. The shelling by the German artillery, which resulted in five deaths in Koenigswinter on March 21, lasted until March 22.

Königswinter after 1945

Old town hall Königswinter with the coat of arms valid until 1969

After the decision of the Parliamentary Council and the Bundestag for Bonn to be the provisional seat of government of the Federal Republic of Germany, Königswinter became part of the new “capital region”. In 1948/49, the CDU / CSU faction of the Parliamentary Council was housed here in the former “Arbeiterwohl” trade union home . The Petersberg achieved great fame as the seat of the Allied High Commission (AHK) from 1949 . This is where the “ Petersberg Agreement ” was concluded, which is seen as the Federal Republic's first step towards an independent state. For members of the British High Commission, 19 residential buildings were built in Königswinter after a previous seizure of land (carried out between May and July 1951). From 1949 to 1955 the city belonged to the Bonn enclave , a special area around the seat of government under the AHK. On May 11, 1950, the CDU was founded at the federal level in Königswinter.

In 1954/55, the seven-storey administration building of what was then Lemmerzwerke was built at the northeast end of the old town .

In 1967 Königswinter had 5,974 inhabitants, 47 of whom worked in agriculture and forestry, 1,237 in manufacturing and 1,094 in the service sector. 881 outbound commuters compared with 2,667 inbound commuters. 3,887 people were employed in industrial workplaces. In 1967 there were public institutions: two elementary schools, a secondary school, a grammar school, an outdoor swimming pool, a sports field, two gyms, two kindergartens and two libraries.

In the course of the law on the municipal reorganization of the Bonn area (Bonn Law) , the municipality of Ittenbach was removed from the Königswinter-Land office on August 1, 1969 , the municipalities Heisterbacherrott , Niederdollendorf and Oberdollendorf from the Oberkassel office and the municipalities of Oberpleis and Stieldorf (without the places Birlinghoven , Hoholz, and Ungarten) merged from the Oberpleis office with the city of Königswinter to form the new city of Königswinter.

During the time of Bonn as the seat of government of the Federal Republic of Germany, Koenigswinter had the following diplomatic missions: from the beginning of the 1950s the residence of the embassy of Pakistan ( Villa Leonhart ), in the 1950s and 1960s the residence of the embassy of Indonesia ( house Felseck ), in the 1970s the residence of the Embassy of Bangladesh ( Villa Am Lessing 6 ) and from around 1990 the office of the Embassy of Laos (also Villa Am Lessing 6). In the course of the relocation of the seat of government to Berlin (1999), the previously existing embassy locations for Laos and Pakistan in Königswinter were given up. The US embassy was directly on the other side of the Rhine . On February 13, 1991, an RAF command took advantage of this fact and fired several times from the property of the vacant Villa Von-Weiß-Strasse 8 on the banks of the Rhine at the American embassy building, with only property damage.

In 1991 a pedestrian zone was set up in the old town of Königswinter . Since the 1990s at the latest, day tourism has been decreasing. B. from the Netherlands and the Ruhr area to Königswinter, which was mainly attracted by the Drachenfels, led to major changes in and around the old town. Numerous hotels and dance halls have since been closed, given new uses or demolished. The city made efforts to upgrade the old town and had it designated as a redevelopment area in 2004. The Drachenfelsbahn received a new valley station in 2005. In the run-up to the Regionale 2010 , the city and state invested in redesigning the ascent to the Drachenfels. In addition to modernizing the paths and squares, the restoration of Drachenburg Castle including the park (1995–2011) and the redesign of the summit plateau including the closing down of the restaurant from the 1970s (2010–2012) also contribute to the increase in attractiveness .

Königswinter cog railway station, 1883

An anniversary celebration in 2015 on the occasion of the first documentary mention of Königswinter as Winetre in 1015 was not supported by the city administration. She was of the opinion that the year 1969 was the founding year of today's community "City of Königswinter". The first documentary mention of the city, with regard to the districts mentioned earlier, only considered the district anniversary and thus not worthy of funding, although it is important for tourism.

Population development

In the past few years, the population of Königswinter rose sharply, as in the entire Rhein-Sieg district. In 2003, the population was 9.1 percent higher than in 1996. According to a forecast by the Bertelsmann Foundation , this development is set to continue, it expects an increase of up to 2020 by 8.1 percent. The growth is mainly due to the designation of a growing number of building areas in the mountain area, with neighboring cities accusing Königswinter of creating traffic problems and urban sprawl through strong growth in poorly developed areas throughout the region . Population numbers (until 1970 converted to today's territorial status):

Population development from Königswinter from 1816 to 2017
date Residents
1816 7,786
1905 14,907
1925 16,596
1939 16,753
1946 21,501
1961 26,209
1970 31,106
1980 33,041
1987 33,783
1990 35,013
date Residents
1992 35,916
1995 37,341
2003 40,356
2005 41,268
2010 40.993
2013 39,976
2015 40,702
2016 40,927
2017 41,050

Petersberg

Petersberg with federal guest house

The guest house on the Petersberg had become the residence of state guests after the federal government settled in Bonn. The Petersberg Agreement was signed there in 1949, which secured Königswinter a place in the history books. Members of the Allied High Commission on the Petersberg were allowed to use the Rhine ferry Koenigswinter – Mehlem free of charge, half of which was reserved for this. After it was temporarily closed, the federal government acquired the building in 1979 and had it extensively renovated from 1985 to 1990. Major international conferences, such as the 2001 and 2002 Afghanistan Conference, are occasionally held there . If necessary, the access road will then be blocked. The name of the city became internationally known through the conferences in the federally owned building. The 5-star hotel on the mountain is also used privately outside of its use for larger meetings. Sometimes more important events lead to protests on Petersberg and in Königswinter. The Petersburg Dialogue took place here in 2019 .


Kaiser Wilhelm Monument in Koenigswinter

Competition draft for the Kaiser Wilhelm Monument by Georg Frentzen , 1890

In 1890 the Rhenish Provincial Parliament decided to erect a memorial to Kaiser Wilhelm I, who had died two years earlier. Koblenz as the seat of the Upper President of the Rhine Province and the Siebengebirge were discussed as the location . There was only a slim majority for the Siebengebirge, so the decision was left to Kaiser Wilhelm II. In March 1891, he decided that the Kaiser Wilhelm monument should be built in Koblenz. There have been numerous proposals for the monument in the Siebengebirge region, and draft drawings have been preserved for some of them. The locations should then be the Drachenfels, the Hardtberg, but also the Grafenwerth Island . The decision for Koblenz was regretted in Königswinter. The monument in Koblenz was destroyed in 1945 and the Deutsches Eck was converted into a memorial for German unity. When a Koblenz resident made money available for the rebuilding, a dispute broke out in Koblenz, but also nationwide, about the installation and in particular about the person of Kaiser Wilhelm, who had fought the revolution in 1848 as the “grape prince”. The mayor of Königswinter at that time offered to erect the monument in the Siebengebirge, as it was originally considered. In the end, the re-installation took place in Koblenz.

politics

Local election 2014
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
39.36
23.04
20.68
7.97
5.21
3.74
n. k.
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-3.05
+5.50
+9.44
-1.43
-4.99
+1.08
-6.55
Otherwise.

Königswinter is a medium-sized district town and as such performs additional tasks.

City council

The 52 seats of the City Council of Königswinter are distributed as follows (as of August 1, 2019):

Political party Number of
seats
CDU 21st
SPD 12
KöWI 11
GAK 3
FDP 3
non-attached 2

The majority forms a coalition of CDU, GAK (Green Alternative Königswinter) and FDP (“ Jamaica Coalition ”). The DIE LINKE parliamentary group disbanded on March 6, 2016.

mayor

Period mayor
1808-1814 Clemens August Freiherr von Schall
1814-1835 Clemens August Schäfer
1835-1841 Georg Karl Bulle
1841-1890 August Mirbach
1890-1909 Fritz Kreitz
1909-1933 Josef Clever
1933 com. Ludwig Buttlar
1933-1938 Heinrich Lorenz
1938-1944 August Müller
1944-1945 Paul Wilhelm Muller
1945 Jakob Mehlkop
1945-1949 Peter Liedgens
1949-1952 Wilhelm Kirfel
1952-1956 Wilhelm Peerenboom
1956-1961 Heinrich Reingen
1961-1969 Richard Fassbender (1931-2007)
1969-1990 Günter Hank (1930-2015)
1990-1999 Herbert Krämer
since 1999 Peter Wirtz

The mayor of the city of Königswinter has had his official residence in Haus Bachem , which is opposite the town hall , since 1990 .

badges and flags

The city of Königswinter has a coat of arms, a flag and an official seal .

Coat of arms of the city of Koenigswinter
 Blazon : “The coat of arms shows a silver (white) gate castle in redwith two three-pronged tin towers and a pointed arched gate, which is filled about halfway by a golden (yellow) portcullis. Between the towers a large shield hovers on a split field in silver (white) in front of a left-facing, double-tailed, blue-crowned, tongued and armored red lion, behind a continuous black cross. "
Reasons for the coat of arms: The coat of arms shows the city walls of Königswinter. The cross symbolizes the former affiliation to the Electorate of Cologne , the lion is a symbol of the Duchy of Berg , to which large parts of Königswinter belonged. The coat of arms in its current form was officially declared the Königswinter city coat of arms on June 6, 1972 by the then Cologne regional president .

Town twinning

Königswinter is twinned with North East Lincolnshire (formerly: Cleethorpes ) in England and with Cognac in France .

Culture and sights

Castle "Drachenburg
Entrance side of St. Remigius
Christ Church with rectory

Museums

Buildings

Natural monuments

Königswinter is located on and in the Siebengebirge , the oldest nature reserve in Germany.

Since the Weilberg near Heisterbacherrott was used as a quarry, the history of the earth can be traced back around 30 million years.

Regular events

Thanksgiving procession at the winegrowers festival (foundation festival of the Sankt Sebastianus bachelor rifle brotherhood 1604)
  • Art Days Königswinter (April)
  • May festival in Oelinghoven (May 1st)
  • Rhine in flames : on the first Saturday in May. Large fireworks and boat tour from Linz along the Rhine along Erpel , Unkel , Remagen , Rheinbreitbach , Rhine island Nonnenwerth near Bad Honnef , Bad Godesberg , Königswinter to Bonn's Rheinaue near Bonn.
  • Church choir festival in Ittenbach (May)
  • Whitsun fair in Römlinghoven
  • Whitsun festival in Stieldorferhohn
  • Jaaßekirmes in Niederdollendorf (Corpus Christi)
  • Children's festival in Oelinghoven (June)
  • Schützenfest (St. Sebastianus Schützenbruderschaften, every two years, most recently in May 2016)
  • Fair in Oberdollendorf (St. Laurentius, August)
  • Weiherfest in Heisterbacherrott (August)
  • Forest festival in the "Heestern Bösch" (August, Quirrenbach men's choir)
  • Fair in Eudenbach (mid-September)
  • Fair in Niederdollendorf (St. Michael, September)
  • Thanksgiving festival in Oelinghoven (end of August / beginning of September)
  • Thanksgiving festival in Vinxel (September)
  • Fair in Ittenbach (St. Luke September / October)
  • Winegrowers Festival (Friday to Monday around the first Sunday in October)

Architectural monuments

In the area of ​​the city of Königswinter (as of September 2013) 412 structures or parts of structures are designated as monuments according to the Monument Protection Act of North Rhine-Westphalia . They are entered in the monuments list of the city of Königswinter.

Economy and Infrastructure

Königswinter has an above-average purchasing power index of 117 percent of the national average (100 percent) for 2015. In the Rhein-Sieg district only Wachtberg with 126.7 and Bad Honnef with 127.2 percent surpass this value.

traffic

Road traffic

Bridge of Landesstraße 331 with junction to B 42 and view of Petersberg (2006)

The Königswinter valley is connected to the Königswinter and Königswinter-Oberdollendorf junctions via the four-lane federal highway 42 and thus has a direct connection to the neighboring federal city of Bonn and the subsequent A 59 airport motorway to Cologne . The southern neighboring town of Bad Honnef can also be reached via the federal road, which is then expanded to two lanes in the direction of Unkel . The B 42 runs in the local area of ​​Königswinter as an elevated road on the Siebengebirgshang and spans the eastern edge of the old town on the approximately 600 m long Dragon Bridge and the adjoining smaller Nightingale Bridge.

In the mountain area there is direct access to the six-lane A 3 on the junction Siebengebirge (no. 33). It can be reached from the valley area via Landesstraße 331 (city center) and Landesstraße 268 (Oberdollendorf), which lead through the Siebengebirge .

Overall, the roads leading through the city of Königswinter (federal, state and district roads) are 79.7 kilometers long.

Königswinter has a total of 359.1 kilometers of roads and paths (as of 2018). On January 1, 2018, 29,424 motor vehicles were registered in the city, of which 25,053 were passenger cars.

Rail and bus transport

Transport network

Königswinter belongs to the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg (VRS).

railroad
Koenigswinter railway station

Königswinter is located on the right-hand Rhine route ( KBS  465) with two train stations in the city: one on the edge of the old town of Königswinter and another in Niederdollendorf. Both are served by the regional transport lines RE 8 ( Rhein-Erft-Express ) and RB 27 (Rhein-Erft-Bahn), which run in the direction of Cologne and Koblenz , every hour - each shifted by around 30 minutes . Since June 2004 Königswinter has been connected to Cologne / Bonn Airport with the RE 8 line via the newly built airport loop .

The station building of Königswinter station , built in 1870, was last owned by the city and was sold at the end of 2012.

Light rail
Tram stop Longenburg - CJD Königswinter

The Siebengebirgsbahn (tram line 66) of the SSB goes in the direction of Bad Honnef or Siegburg via Bonn and Sankt Augustin . In the old town area the route runs along the banks of the Rhine, in Oberdollendorf it leads through a tunnel; There are six stops in the city. The line runs every 20 minutes during the day from Monday to Friday, otherwise every 30 minutes. In rush hour traffic it is partially compressed to a 10-minute cycle. Further north on the Ramersdorf - Bonn Hauptbahnhof - Siegburg route, Mondays to Fridays, every day, every 10 minutes. For special events, special trains coming from Bonn are used to the Oberkassel Süd / Römlinghoven parking facility . If the banks of the Rhine in Königswinter are closed due to flooding, line 66 runs, depending on the degree of flooding, to the stops at Clemens-August-Straße, Longenburg ( CJD Königswinter ) or Oberdollendorf; A rail replacement service is offered on the rest of the route.

bus

The connection to the mountain locations is made by several bus routes, some of which vary in line, with lines 541 and 521 being the most important.

Drachenfelsbahn
Drachenfelsbahn

The Drachenfelsbahn , opened in 1883, is the oldest of the four rack railways in Germany. On the way to the Drachenfels she conquers 220 vertical meters. As a feeder from the town center, the Drachenfelsbahn sets a trackless train one called "Locomobile".

From 1889 to 1958, the second cog railway leaving Königswinter was the Petersbergbahn .

bicycle

The Rhine promenade (old town) and banks became a purely pedestrian zone in 2019. Other routes have been redesignated as cycle routes. The new bicycle area from north to south continues from the Rhine shortly before Königswinter, through the town along the rail route to almost the southern end of Königswinter, where the bicycle path is led back to the bank of the Rhine. Continuing to the south, the cycle paths are still to Erpel in the immediate vicinity of the Rhine, in the further course they lead to the mountain next to the B 42.

Rhine ferries

The car ferries in the area of ​​the old town ( Rhine ferry Königswinter ) and in Niederdollendorf ( Rhine ferry Bad Godesberg – Niederdollendorf ) allow you to cross over to Bonn- Mehlem ( Bad Godesberg district ).

tourism

Exterior view of Sea Life Koenigswinter

With the Siebengebirge, Königswinter is a popular tourist destination. In addition to the Kottenforst , it is the most important tourist destination and local recreation area for the residents of the Bonn / Rhein-Sieg region and is also of national importance. With the Drachenfels , Großem Ölberg and Petersberg , the most important tourist mountains of the nature park are located in the city next to Bad Honnef with the Löwenburg . The Rhine promenade is very busy in summer, which is why there is a lot of gastronomy there. The city has been home to Sea Life Königswinter since 2005 . The Dragon Castle has a breakpoint at the Drachenfelsbahn . The Lemmerz outdoor pool at Sauren Berg (1952/53) is also a popular destination due to its location below the Drachenfels with a view of the Rhine Valley.

Königswinter is located on the Rheinsteig long-distance hiking trail, which was founded in 2003 .

Since May 2009, section 10 of the Deutsche Alleenstrasse , which runs nationwide from the Baltic Sea to Lake Constance, has been running through the urban area of ​​Königswinter.

Established businesses

The important companies in Königswinter include:

  • B + R Maschinenbau GmbH - blow molding and rationalization technology for plastic parts
  • Baumot Group AG, formerly Twintec AG - manufacturer of soot filters and catalysts (Ruttscheid)
  • Brähler ICS Tagungstechnik AG - conference technology in Königswinter-Oberpleis
  • Brune GmbH - furniture factory in Königswinter-Oberpleis
  • Dinova GmbH & Co. KG - manufacturer of paints in Königswinter-Oberdollendorf
  • C. Gerhardt GmbH & Co. KG - manufacturer of laboratory equipment in Königswinter-Oberdollendorf, founded in 1846
  • Maxion Wheels (formerly Hayes Lemmerz ) - rim manufacturer (old town and Niederdollendorf)
  • Heel Verlag - Gut Pottscheidt near Königswinter
  • I&L Biosystems GmbH - Sales of scientific laboratory equipment, Königswinter-Ittenbach-Margarethenhöhe
  • Jass Baubedarf GmbH & Co. KG - building materials (old town)
  • KMA Umwelttechnik GmbH - manufacturer of air extraction systems and exhaust air purification systems (Ruttscheid)
  • Kuchem conference technology - rental and sale of conference technology
  • Limbach Flugmotoren GmbH & Co. KG - engines for small aircraft
  • RHI Didier - Refractory Materials (Niederdollendorf)
  • Schlund Electronic, AM Schlund - sound studios - video production - OB vans - OB van technology, sound reinforcement (Niederdollendorf)
  • Vodafone , seminar and conference center (in and on the Hirschburg ), since 2003
  • WW-K hot rolling mill Königswinter GmbH
  • Zera GmbH - Meter test equipment (old town)

Associations, associations and other institutions

Due to its proximity to the federal city of Bonn, numerous supraregional associations and institutions are based in Königswinter, including:

From 1984 to 1999 the Margarethenhof in the Margarethenhöhe district was the seat of the Friedrich Naumann Foundation , a foundation close to the FDP .

Electoral associations

Königswinterer voter initiative

The group of voters Königswinterer voters Initiative (KöWI), a spin-off of the Greens, is a registered charity and, since May 2009, a faction in the city council. In the local elections in August 2009, the electoral initiative achieved 11.2 percent of the vote and moved into the city council with five members. Through later mergers with the faction of the Free Voters in Koenigswinter and a former FDP parliamentary group member in 2013, three more councilors were added. In the local elections on May 25, 2014, KöWI won eleven seats with 20.68 percent.

Free voters Koenigswinter

The Voting Group Free Voters Königswinter (FWK) was founded on April 8, 2009 as an unregistered association. In the local elections on August 30, 2009, the Free Voters achieved a share of 6.5 percent and thus three seats. One of the council members left the parliamentary group after the election and later joined the parliamentary group Free and Left , the other parliamentary group members switched to the Königswinterer voter initiative on July 7, 2013 .

media

  • 1873–1941: Echo of the Siebengebirge
  • 1902–1905: Königswinterer Zeitung
  • 1963–2004: Siebengebirgszeitung
  • 1996–1998: Königswinterer Zeitung
  • since 1996: Oberhau-aktuell e. V.
  • 2010–2012: KönigswinterDirekt (Internet newspaper)
  • General-Anzeiger with local edition Honnefer Volkszeitung

The widely visible transmitter mast on the Great Mount of Olives supplies the Siebengebirge region and the federal city of Bonn with radio programs and broadcasts on the frequencies for mobile communications. The transmitter mast on Bonn's Venusberg has been broadcasting DVB-T digital aerial television since 2004 .

education

Elementary schools

  • Königswinter (Johann Lemmerz Elementary School), community elementary school
  • Niederdollendorf (Longenburg School), community elementary school
  • Oberdollendorf, community elementary school
  • Heisterbacherrott (Stenzelberg School), community elementary school
  • Stieldorf (elementary school on Lauterbach), community elementary school
  • Ittenbach, Catholic elementary school
  • Oberpleis (Sonnenhügel), Catholic primary school
  • Eudenbach, branch of the Oberpleis primary school

Special schools

  • Drachenfelsschule (special school with a focus on learning and language), since 2015 in association with the special school Bornheim

Further training

The schools in Oberpleis are housed in the school center there.

The Christophorusschule is located on the border of the districts of Königswinter and Niederdollendorf and is located in the buildings of the former municipal secondary school and the municipal grammar school.

Other educational institutions

  • VHS Siebengebirge
  • Music school of the city of Königswinter
  • Study house for Celtic languages ​​and cultures
  • Koenigswinter Workers' Center (Bildungswerk)

Public facilities

dish

A district court has its seat in Königswinter , which is responsible for the cities of Königswinter and Bad Honnef. It belongs to the district of the Bonn Regional Court .

post Office

A postal expedition is mentioned in Königswinter in 1808, and a post office in 1817. The postal expedition, named in 1825, became the first-class postal expedition in 1863. In 1871 there was a postal administration, in 1876 it was promoted to a second class post office and in 1901 to a first class post office.

From 1880 a post office existed on the Drachenfels, which was only open in summer. Today it no longer exists.

A postal agency had existed in Ittenbach since 1904.

There has been a postal expedition in Oberdollendorf since 1871, which in 1876 becomes a third-class post office.

Today there are only postal agencies in the area of ​​the city of Königswinter . They are located in the districts of Altstadt, Berghausen, Ittenbach, Oberdollendorf, Oberpleis, Stieldorf and Thomasberg.

Employment Agency

The office of the Bonn Employment Agency, which used to be in Königswinter-Altstadt, is now in the Oberdollendorf district.

hospital

Since 1845 Königswinter had a hospital consecrated to Saint Joseph in Tomberger Hof , which was relocated to the newly established location on Bismarckstrasse in 1910. From 1980 it was operated by the (Catholic) CURA gGmbH together with the Catholic Hospital in the Siebengebirge in Bad Honnef and closed in 2011 in favor of the latter. In 2013 the building was demolished except for a listed chapel. The Katharina senior center was built in its place .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

Born in Königswinter

Personalities with a connection to the city

Königswinter in world literature

Königswinter was a popular travel destination during the English romantic wave of the Rhine in the 1830s, and this has made it into English literature. Königswinter and Nonnenwerth (also Aachen, Cologne, Wiesbaden and Ems) are named in the socio-critical-satirical novel with the title Vanity Fair (fair of vanity) by William Makepeace Thackeray , published in 1847 (Chapter LXII with the original heading Am Rhein ).

The bestselling author John le Carré lived in Königswinter in the 1960s and, according to his own statements, wrote his best-known book The Spy Who Came Out of the Cold in Königswinter, among others in various television and press interviews . a. on the way to his job on the Rhine ferry between Niederdollendorf and Bad Godesberg, where he was working for the British embassy at the time. In his work Eine kleine Stadt in Deutschland , Königswinter is mentioned several times, is the setting and the chapter heading.

literature

  • Maria Mirbach: Königswinter else and now. History of the city of Königswinter. Tillewein, Königswinter 1891 ( digitized version ).
  • Herbert Menden: Königswinter in old views. 2 vol., European Library, Zaltbommel 1981, ISBN 90-288-1305-5 .
  • Manfred van Rey : Life and death of our Jewish fellow citizens in Königswinter (= City of Königswinter, The City Director: Königswinter in Past and Present , Book 1) Königswinter 1985.
  • Heinz Friedrich Schulz: Timeline of the history of the city of Königswinter with its districts and the Siebengebirge. Königswinter in the past and present, volume 2, Königswinter 1986.
  • Angelika Schyma : City of Königswinter. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , monuments in the Rhineland , Volume 23.5.) Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1992, ISBN 3-7927-1200-8 .
  • Manfred van Rey : Königswinter in the Middle Ages. (= City of Königswinter, The City Director: Königswinter in Past and Present , Issue 5) Königswinter 1994.
  • Jean Assenmacher: My little world - declaration of love to a city. With drawings and photos by the author. Ed .: Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven e. V. Königswinter 1994.
  • Bruno P. Kremer: The Siebengebirge. 2002, ISBN 3-87909-770-4 .
  • Karl Josef Klöhs: Imperial weather on the Siebengebirge . Edition Loge 7, Königswinter 2003, ISBN 3-00-012113-7 .
  • Dorothea F. Voigtländer: History and stories from the Rhine - From the Drachenfels to the Kaiserberg. 2nd Edition. Bad Honnef 2004, ISBN 3-87066-381-2 .
  • Michael Vaupel, Patrick Sandro Nonn: Recently in the economy - anecdotes from Königswinter (snoring winter), Germany and the world. Self publication . Engelsdorfer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-86703-290-2 .
  • Ansgar Sebastian Klein : Rise and Rule of National Socialism in the Siebengebirge . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2008, ISBN 978-3-89861-915-8 (also dissertation University of Bonn, 2007).
  • Dieter Mechlinski: The Secret Government Councilor Ottmar Edwin Strauss - Biography of a forgotten fellow citizen of Königswinter. Ed .: Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven e. V. 6th edition. Koenigswinter 2010.

Web links

Commons : Königswinter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  3. ↑ Municipal profile of Königswinter ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 222 kB), State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.it.nrw.de
  4. ↑ General-Anzeiger of September 18, 2009 ( Memento of the original of September 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.general-anzeiger-bonn.de
  5. ↑ without secondary residences ; Population statistics of the city of Königswinter (PDF)
  6. ↑ A place without people: nobody lives in Kappesbungert anymore . Article of the General-Anzeiger from March 14, 2013.
  7. ↑ State Surveying Office North Rhine-Westphalia: Directory of the landmarks ( Memento of the original from April 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of 2005; PDF; 243 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sead.de
  8. ^ Heinrich Beyer : Document book for the history of the Middle Rhine territories, now the Prussian administrative districts of Coblenz and Trier. 1st volume / Coblenz 1860, pp. 125, 181, 817.
  9. ↑ Manfred to Rey: Königswinter in the Middle Ages. Königswinter 1994, p. 9.
  10. ↑ a b Heinz Friedrich Schulz: Timeline of the history of the city of Königswinter with its districts and the Siebengebirge. Königswinter 1986, p. 6 ff.
  11. ↑ Peter H. Meurer : The Kurköln map of Cornelius Adgerus (1583). In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter 48 (1984), pp. 123-137.
  12. ↑ Uwe Schwarz: Cologne and its surroundings in old maps. From the Eifel map to the general staff map (1550 to 1897). Emons Verlag , Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-89705-343-8 , pp. 42, 43 (documentation on map 11, p. 117), pp. 44, 45 (documentation on map 12, p. 118), pp. 50, 51 (Documentation card 15, p. 121), p. 80, 81 (Documentation card 30, p. 136).
  13. ^ Wilhelm Fabricius : Explanations of the historical atlas of the Rhine province, 2nd volume: The map of 1789. Bonn 1898, p. 61.
  14. ^ Albert Weidenbach: The transport system in the Honnef area in the last 100 years . In: August Haag (ed.): Bad Honnef am Rhein. Contributions to the history of our home community on the occasion of their city elevation 100 years ago. Verlag der Honnefer Volkszeitung, Bad Honnef 1962, p. 139.
  15. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia (PDF; 1.5 MB), Volume XII Provinz Rheinland, Verlag des Königlich Statistischen Bureaus (publisher), 1888, p. 116.
  16. ↑ a b The Rhein-Sieg district. Editor: Oberkreisdirektor Paul Kieras, Stuttgart 1983, p. 275.
  17. ↑ a b Angelika Schyma: City of Königswinter. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , Monuments in the Rhineland , Volume 23.5.)
  18. ↑ Karl Josef Klöhs: glorious weather on Seven Mountains . Edition Loge 7, Königswinter 2003, ISBN 3-00-012113-7 , p. 29 .
  19. ↑ Elmar Heinen: Königswinter in old views. Volume 1, European Library, Zaltbommel 1976/1981 , DNB 997748389 , Fig. 20.
  20. ^ Dieter Lück: Occupation of the Rhineland . In: North Rhine-Westphalia. Landesgeschichte im Lexikon , 1st edition, Patmos, Düsseldorf 1993, pp. 341–343.
  21. ^ Occupied Territories of Germany , Prussian State Statistical Office 1925, pp. 182/183
  22. ↑ Jens Klocksin : Separatists in the Rhineland: 70 years after the battle in the Siebengebirge - a look back . Pahl-Rugenstein, Bonn 1993, ISBN 3-89144-180-0 , p. 41-64 .
  23. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Ansgar Sebastian Klein : Rise and rule of National Socialism in the Siebengebirge . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2008, ISBN 978-3-89861-915-8 (also dissertation University of Bonn, 2007).
  24. ↑ Ittenbach Virtual Local History Museum ( Memento of the original dated November 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ittenbach.heimatmuseum-virtuell.de
  25. ↑ Angelika Schyma: City of Königswinter.
  26. ^ Franz Möller : The Rhein-Sieg-Kreis in the field of tension between federal and state , Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg 2006, ISBN 3-938535-20-2 , p. 11.
  27. ↑ Helmut Vogt : “I need quarters for me, driver and car”. The working environment of the Parliamentary Council in Bonn 1948/49 . In: Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsverein , Stadtarchiv Bonn (ed.): Bonner Geschichtsblätter. Yearbook of the Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsverein , Volume 57/58, Bonn 2008, ISSN  0068-0052 , pp. 442–470 (here: p. 449)
  28. ^ Franz Möller : The Rhein-Sieg-Kreis in the field of tension between federal and state , Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg 2006, ISBN 3-938535-20-2 , p. 11.
  29. ^ A b Helmut Vogt : Guardians of the Bonn Republic: The Allied High Commissioners 1949–1955 , Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, ISBN 3-506-70139-8 .
  30. ↑ University of Magdeburg
  31. ↑ Ursel and Jürgen Zänker: Building in Bonn room 49-69. Attempt to take stock . In: Art and Antiquity on the Rhine . Guide to the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn . No. 21 . Rheinland-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1969, p. 147/148 .
  32. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 84 .
  33. ↑ Regionale 2010 - Königswinter + Drachenfels (changed / repaired September 2012)
  34. ^ Hansjürgen Melzer: The city ​​will be 1000 years old next year. In: General-Anzeiger (Bonn). November 13, 2014, accessed February 25, 2015 .
  35. ↑ a b City of Königswinter, council election May 25, 2014, overall result. Zweckverband Kommunale Datenzentrale Westfalen-Süd, May 25, 2014, accessed on November 12, 2014 .
  36. ↑ Ordinance on the determination of the cities belonging to the large district and the cities belonging to the medium district according to § 4 of the municipal code for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia
  37. ↑ Main statute of the city of Königswinter from October 31, 1999 (PDF; 85 kB), § 1 paragraph 3
  38. ↑ purchasing power. (No longer available online.) Rhein-Sieg-Kreis , archived from the original on December 22, 2015 ; Retrieved December 25, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rhein-sieg-kreis.de
  39. ↑ Mobility in North Rhine-Westphalia - data and facts 2018/2019. In: Road traffic. Ministry for Building, Housing, Urban Development and Transport of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, pp. 35, 66 (PDF; 14.2 MB, holdings on January 1, 2018).
  40. ↑ Lokomobil on the website of the Drachenfelsbahn
  41. ↑ The Hirschburg is a popular conference venue , General-Anzeiger , September 25, 2010
  42. ↑ bdkj-koenigswinter.de
  43. ↑ www.dpsgoberpleis.de
  44. ↑ Hansjürgen Melzer: Königswinterer Greens split. In: General-Anzeiger Bonn online. Bonner newspaper printer and publishing house H. Neusser GmbH, May 9, 2009, accessed on October 3, 2013.
  45. ↑ Hansjürgen Melzer: A parliamentary group called Köwi. In: General-Anzeiger Bonn online. Bonner newspaper printer and publishing house H. Neusser GmbH, May 13, 2009, accessed on October 3, 2013.
  46. ↑ Hans Jurgen Melzer: Köwis take FDP. In: General-Anzeiger Bonn online. Bonner newspaper printer and publishing house H. Neusser GmbH, June 7, 2013, accessed on October 3, 2013.
  47. ↑ Statutes of the Voting Association Free Voters Königswinter , PDF, as of June 24, 2009, accessed on September 28, 2012
  48. ↑ Carsten Schultz: That just fits. Königswinterer council groups from Köwi and FWK go together. In: Bonner Rundschau No. 155 of July 8, 2013. Verlag M. DuMont Schauberg, Cologne 2013, p. 31.
  49. ↑ A hospital disappears. In: Bonner Rundschau , May 23, 2013
  50. ↑ Nobody knows exactly when black money becomes white. Interview Dradio with John le Carré