Paris time table

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The dimensions of Paris since the 4th century
  • Gallo-Roman city wall
  • Carolingian city wall
  • City wall of Philip Augustus
  • City wall of Charles V
  • City wall of Louis XIII.
  • Wall of general tax tenants
  • Wall by Adolphe Thiers
  • today
    • Old Paris in front of the Eiffel Tower at the 1900 World's Fair

    The Paris chronological table represents important events in the history of the capital of France.

    Prehistory and early history

    • 40,000 BC BC: first evidence of human settlements in the Paris area
    • 4200 BC Chr .: Evidence for continuous settlement in Paris. 1991 were unearthed at Bercy including several canoes made of oak , a bow and tools found.

    Antiquity

    • Before 300 BC BC: Arrival of the Gallic tribe of the Parisians in the region
    • During the Celtic period , the region was called Loutouchezi , which means something like "settlement in the middle of the water". The Romans changed this term to Lutetia and the geographer Ptolemy named the place Lucotetia .
    • Around 100 BC Chr .: First gold coins of the Parisians
      Gold coins of the Parisians
    • 53 BC Chr .: Great council of the Gauls in the presence of Caesar . The deputies of the Parisians are not present.
    • May 52 BC Chr .: At the battle of Lutetia the legions of Labienus , a lieutenant of Caesar, win over Camulogenus ' Aulerker , Senones and Parisians. The latter inhabited the area for several centuries. The Gauls preferred to destroy the bridges and set fire to the city than to leave them to the Romans. The fire of the Gallic Lutetias allowed the Romans to build the city according to Roman structures, especially since the parallel to Rome with seven hills and a river is obvious.
    • Between 37 and 14 BC Chr .: The Nautae Parisiaci (Parisian shipmen) erect a pillar in honor of Jupiter : the pillar of the Nautae Parisiaci , which was found in the foundations of Notre-Dame .
      Nautenpfeiler
      Lutetia's first plan
    • Between 50 and 100 AD: the Lutetia forum was built
    • 65/66: record winter
    • Between 100 and 200: construction of three thermal baths with water from the Bièvre , which is transported by a 16 km long aqueduct , as well as an amphitheater with 17,000 seats (the arena of Lutetia ) and a theater with 3,000 seats.
    • Around 250: Martyrdom of the first Bishop of Paris, Dionysius of Paris . This was one of seven bishops who were sent Gaul to evangelize . The missionary's success drew the hatred of the pagans , who beheaded him in Montmartre . The legend shows more precisely that Dionysius took his head in his hands; this will be the most common portrayal of the future national saint of France.
    • 275 or 276: looting presumably by Germans from the left His -Ufer
    • 291/292: record winter; first traditional freezing of the Seine
    • At 300: Lutetia becomes Paris .
    • Around 308: construction of a city ​​wall around the Île de la Cité to prevent Germanic attacks
    • March 346: 20 days of continuous rain; Flood
    • 350: The Parisians build their first basilica , which is dedicated to St. Stephen . This basilica was located in the immediate vicinity of today's Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral
    • February to July 358: Caesar Julian stays in Paris before starting campaigns against the Alemanni and Franks .
    • 359/360: Julian returns to Paris after his victorious campaigns. He probably lives in a palace that is located at the top of the Île de la Cité and in which the Merovingian kings later reside.
    • 360: Council in Paris on the heresy of Arianism . This Christian teaching, named after Arius , rejects the Trinity as well as the authority of the Pope . It was already condemned at the First Council of Nicaea and spread across Europe with Germanic , Gothic and Burgundian peoples . Paris becomes - even more than Rome - the city that rejects Arianism the most and remains loyal to the Roman Christians .
    • 361: Julian becomes emperor and writes in Misopogon : “I spent the winter in my dear Lutetia, which is located on a small island that can only be reached via two wooden bridges (the Wechsel bridge and the small bridge). You get excellent wine there and you start to grow fig trees. "
    • October to December 365: Emperor Valentinian I's first stay in Paris
    • June 366: Valentinian's second stay in Paris. The head of the opposing emperor Procopius , who was defeated by Valens , is brought to him. He also receives Jovian here , who defeated the Alemanni.
    • 383: Battle of Paris between the troops of usurper Magnus Maximus and those of Emperor Gratian
    • At 385: St. Martin passes through , who heals a leper at the north gate of the city with a kiss and a blessing
    • November 397: “Summer of St. Martin ”from November 8th to 11th the roses will bloom again
    • 451: Genoveva of Paris predicts that Paris will be spared in the attack by Attilas Huns and admonishes the residents of Paris not to flee from them, who finally moved past Paris to Orléans . She becomes very famous in the city.
      Genoveva of Paris
    • 464–465: Siege of Paris by the Frankish petty king Childerich I , who drives the Romans out of Paris.
    • Around 475: a basilica is built over the tomb of Dionysius of Paris
    • 486: Genoveva of Paris negotiates with Clovis I about the subordination of Paris under Clovis's rule. Clovis previously achieved a decisive victory over the Roman Syagrius , but Genoveva denied him access to Paris. He besieged the city, in which a famine breaks out. Genoveva organizes the food and Clovis ends the siege. This tense situation between Paris and Clovis has existed for ten years. Paris thus forms a Catholic enclave in the middle of an area dominated by Arianism, which is why Genoveva does not want to end relations with the pagan - not like the other barbarians Arianist - King Clovis for good. The defeat of the “last Roman” Syagrius in Paris marks the change from antiquity to the Middle Ages or to late antiquity .
      Clovis I.

    middle Ages

    Early middle ages

    • 494: Clovis I is gradually converted from his Catholic environment to Catholicism . The political advantages are evident, especially as many cities that have remained staunchly Catholic, such as Paris, want a Catholic king. The first sign of gradual conversion is his son's baptism . The latter, however, dies shortly after the sacrament of the sacraments , which causes Clovis to become extremely angry, which is expressed in a renewed siege of Paris . Genoveva of Paris organized the food for the population again and Clovis lifted the siege.
    • 496 or 498: The conversion of Clovis to Catholicism in Reims is registered with jubilation in Paris. The city has granted entry to the converted Frankish king since then. The recapture of the heretical Arian territories begins. Clovis is the only reigning Catholic king at the time; France inherits Clovis' nickname "Fils aîné de l'Église" ( Eldest son of the Church , "France, Fille aînée de l'Église": France, eldest daughter of the Church ).
    • January 3, 500 or 502: Genoveva of Paris dies : she is buried on the “mountain” that bears her name. Clovis had the Apostle Church built there, which was replaced in the 12th century by the Basilica of St. Genoveva and in the 18th century by the Panthéon . Genoveva later became the patron saint of Paris.
    • 508: After Clovis kills the Visigoth King Alaric II in a duel during the Battle of Vouillé , Clovis lives in Paris, which develops into the capital of his empire.
      Plan of Paris in 508
    • 510: Proclamation of the Lex Salica : As a renewer of the rule of law , Clovis had the first French legislation drawn up between 508 and 510. Until the French Revolution and the drafting of the Civil Code , the Lex Salica remained the basic constitution. In particular, the equality of the Franks and Gallo-Romans , the freedom to marry and the end of Revenge duty are enshrined there.
    • 511:
    • 522: Seine floods
    • May 7, 538: Amélius, Bishop of Paris, is at the third council of Orléans .
    • Around 540: Construction of the Saint-Étienne Cathedral, the predecessor of the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral .
    • 543 to 547: Founding of the Saint-Vincent-Sainte-Croix church, with an abbey on the ruins of the Temple of Isis .
    • 551, 552 or 553: Second Council of Paris . The removal of Bishop Saffarace is confirmed. He has to move to a monastery in seclusion.
    • 552: A great fire devastates Paris
    • 558: Chlothar I , Frankish king of Soissons, resides in Paris
    • 577: Chilperich I had the Roman amphitheater restored and organized performances.
    • Around 580: Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois and Saint-Julien-le-Pauvre were built
    • February 583: First notable Seine flood. Gregory of Tours states that the Île de la Cité and the parish church of Saint-Laurent can only be reached by boat.
    • 583/584: Very mild winter: roses in January
    • 585: A major fire devastates the Île de la Cité. Only the cathedral and the surrounding buildings are spared.
    • 595: Chlothar I regulates in a decree that the night watchmen of Paris are responsible for theft if they do not stop the thief.
    • October 10, 614: Council on the freedom of the election of bishops and the jurisdiction of the bishops over clergy. Since the Council of Clermont in 535 , bishops have been freely elected by clerics and the people.
    • 628 to 638: Dagobert I resides in Paris and Clichy-la-Garenne
    • 651 to 656: Construction of the Hôtel-Dieu by Landericus of Paris . It is the first hospital in Paris.
      (Old) Hôtel-Dieu
    • 666: In Paris goes plague to
    • 719: Karl Martell enters Paris victoriously
    • July 28, 754: Papal anointing of Pepin the Younger and his two sons Karlmann I and Charlemagne by Pope Stephen II in the Abbey of Saint-Denis .
      Karl bust (Charlemagne)
    • 763/764: Very severe winter from October 30th to February 10th: the sea on the Normandy coast freezes. The Seine is freezing everywhere in Paris and the surrounding area. In certain regions, up to ten meters of snow falls . Olive and fig plantations are being destroyed. The result is a great famine.
    • 781: Charlemagne founds a school, the forerunner of the Université de Paris
    • 820:
    • 821: Seine floods
    • 842: Seine floods
    • 845:
    • 854: Seine floods
    • 855 to 876: eleven famines in 20 years.
    • December 28, 856: Second siege by the Vikings , who set the city on fire.
    • June 12, 857: Another attack by the Vikings. All the churches burn down, only Saint-Germain-des-Prés and the Cathedral of Saint-Denis are spared in return for a large ransom.
    • April 3, 858: The Vikings storm Saint-Germain-des-Prés Abbey.
    • 860: Construction of the Pont Charles-le-Chauve
    • 861: Another Viking attack on Paris : the city and the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés are set on fire
    • 869: Another Viking attack on Paris : the Saint-Germain-des-Prés abbey is sacked
    • 870: To protect Paris from the Viking attacks, the Grand Pont and the Petit Pont are built at the behest of Charles the Bald .
    • 877: Paris is surrounded by a city wall.
    • 885:
      • November 24th: Another Viking attack on Paris with allegedly 700 ships and 30,000 to 40,000 men. The siege lasted 13 months.
      • November 28: After a four-day, almost continuous attack, the Normans decide to set up a siege camp in front of the city - a success for Count Odo of Paris , who commands the defenders. During the siege, the Vikings devastated the surrounding area, but also repeatedly launched new attacks on the city.
    • 886:
      • February 6th: The Petit Pont collapsed as a result of flooding which also allowed the Vikings to sail up the Seine and pillage these areas. The bridge will be rebuilt from wood on the old pillars. A grain mill is attached to these, which existed until the flood in 1406.
      • September: Arrival of Charlemagne , who pays 700 silver livres to the Vikings to prevent a fight . He also allows them to devastate Burgundy , as the local population no longer completely submits to him.
    • May 887: Another attack by the Vikings, who are defeated by the Parisians.
    • June to July 889: Another attempt by the Vikings to attack, but the Parisians are able to stop them again.
    • 910: Another Viking attack.
    • Winter 974–975: severe winter from November to March 22nd: snow still falls in May. Half of the Parisian population fell victim to the resulting famine .
    • 944: A serious storm devastates Paris.
    • 945: An epidemic of the so-called holy fire reaches Paris. It is described in the annals of the Flodoard of Reims .
    • 965: Construction of the St. Bartholomew Church on the Île de la Cité (today destroyed)
      destroyed Bartholomew Church, 1791
    • 975: A famine breaks out, during which cannibalism is said to have occurred.
    • 978:
    • 978 to 996: Creation of the Notre-Dame-des-Champs priory .
    • 987:
      • Hugo Capet resides in the Palais de la Cité on the Île de la Cité.
      • Paris grows in the north and south of the Île de la Cité. The city is divided into four administrative areas, the Quartiers : the Quartier de la Cité, the Quartier Saint-Jacques-la-Boucherie, the Quartier la Verrerie and the Quartier la Grève. During this time a wall will be built around the northern suburbs.
    • 995: Construction of the Saint-Étienne-des-Grès church
      Saint-Étienne-des-Grès on the map of Turgot (bottom right)
    • 1000: Construction of the monastery church of Saint-Denis-de-la-Chartre

    11th century

    • 1007: Transfer of the County of Paris to the Kingdom of France , with this the title of Count of Paris dies
    • 1021: Great rush of students for the lessons of the Chapter of Notre-Dame
    • 1021–1029: ongoing famine with cases of cannibalism in the past three years
    • 1031–1040: persistent famine which, according to Rodulfus Glaber's tradition, affects the rich and poor
    • 1034: A major fire destroys large parts of the city
    • 1037: A major fire devastates several quarters
    • 1060: King Henry I founds the St-Martin-des-Champs monastery
    • November 1, 1076 - April 15, 1077: severe, long winter; the coldest of the 11th century
    • 1100:
      • Begins teaching Peter Abelard '
        Abelardus and his wife
      • Creation of the St-Lazare Leper Hospital

    12th Century

    13th Century

    14th Century

    15th century

    Plan of Paris, 1422

    16th Century

    17th century

    18th century

    July 13th: murder of Jean Paul Marat in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday .

    19th century

    20th century

    21st century

    Web links

    literature

    • Chabrol de Volvic: Recherches statistiques sur la ville de Paris et le département de la Seine . Ed .: Préfecture du département de la Seine. Imprimerie royale, Paris 1833 (French, Google Books ; persee.fr [accessed August 13, 2016]).
    • Alfred Fierro: Histoire et dictionnaire de Paris. Pp. 537-658 (French).

    Individual evidence

    1. ^ Jean-Pierre Arthur Bernard: Les deux Paris: les représentations de Paris dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle . (French, limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed June 17, 2016]).
    2. ↑ Le vaisseau de Lutèce . In: library.la84.org . Retrieved June 17, 2016 (PDF; French).
    3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Jean de La Tynna: Dictionnaire topographique, étymologique et historique des rues de Paris . Paris 1812 ( digitized in Google Book Search, accessed March 28, 2017; French).
    4. ^ Gregory of Tours : History of the Franks
    5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Pierre Larousse : Grand dictionnaire universel du XIX e siècle . Volume 12
    6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax La crue de la Seine . In: Wikisource (French).
    7. ↑ Le pont Charles-le-Chauve . Retrieved August 13, 2016 (French).
    8. ↑ L'Île de la Cité et ses ponts. Pp. 109-112.
    9. ↑ Philippe Lorentz, Dany Sandron: Atlas de Paris au Moyen Âge . Editions Parigramme, Paris 2006, ISBN 978-2-84096-402-5 , pp. 25 (French).
    10. ^ Jean de La Tynna: Dictionnaire topographique, étymologique et historique des rues de Paris.
    11. ↑ Jacques-Antoine Dulaure: Histoire physique, civile et morale de Paris . Volume 1. p. 144 (French).
    12. ↑ Jules Renouard: Guide pittoresque de l'étranger dans Paris et ses environs . Corbeil, Paris 1848, p. 22 ( full text in the Google book search, French).
    13. ^ A b Eugène Belgrand : Les Travaux souterrains de Paris . Volume 5. p. 245 ff.
    14. ^ Jean Joinville: Histoire de Saint-Louis . Paris 1865 ( digitized in Google Book Search, accessed March 28, 2017; French).
    15. ↑ Le Dit des rues de Paris in Wikisource (French).
    16. ^ Henri-Louis Bayard: Mémoire sur la topographie médicale du IVe arrondissement de Paris .
    17. ↑ a b Auguis: Les poètes français depuis le XII e siècle jusqu'à Malherbe Tome III . Pp. 462-470.
    18. ↑ Frédéric Lewino, Gwendoline Dos Santos: 22 June 1627. Les comtes Bouteville et des Chapelles sont décapités après s'être battus en duel. In: lepoint.fr , June 22, 2012. Retrieved April 12, 2017 (French).
    19. ↑ Dates of world history: August 27, 1648 - France . In: Wissen.de . Retrieved April 12, 2017.
    20. ^ Alexandre Henri Tessier: Encyclopédie méthodique: Agriculture . Volume 3, Partie 1. Panckoucke, Paris 1793 ( limited preview in Google Book Search, accessed April 12, 2017).
    21. ↑ Mémoires de Saint-Simon . Volume 17, Chapter 21 ( online ; accessed April 24, 2017).
    22. ^ Philippe Poisson: Le comte de Horn, parent du Régent: roué comme un vulgaire voleur . In: philippepoisson-hotmail.com , March 21, 2012. Retrieved April 24, 2017 (French).
    23. ↑ a b c d e f g h Eugène Belgrand : Les travaux souterrains de Paris . Volume 1: La Seine . Dunod, Paris 1872, p. 310 ( digitized ; accessed April 24, 2017; French).
    24. ^ La Conspiration de 1816 - Paris . In: univ-lyon2.fr . Retrieved April 25, 2017 (French).
    25. ↑ Patris: Procès de la conspiration des patriotes de 1816, au nombre de vingt-huit . Paris 1816 ( digitized ; accessed April 25, 2017; French)
    26. ↑ obsèques du général Foy . In: linternaute.com . Retrieved April 25, 2017 (French).
    27. ↑ Loi sur l'extension des limites de Paris (du 16 June 1859) . In: Bulletin des lois de l'Empire français , Volume XIV, XI. Series, № 738, November 3, 1859, pp. 747–751 ( limited preview in Google Book Search; accessed April 26, 2017; French).
    28. ↑ Extension of the limites de Paris d'après la loi du 16 juin 1859 et le décret du 1st novembre de la même année . Durand, Paris 1859 ( digitized ; accessed April 26, 2017; French).
    29. ^ Décret du 3 November 1859 qui fixe les denominations des vingt arrondissements municipaux de la ville de Paris . In: Bulletin des lois ( limited preview in Google Book Search; accessed April 26, 2017; French)
    30. ↑ Flood in Paris - what tourists need to know now. In: dw.com. January 29, 2018, accessed January 31, 2018 .