List of those coming to the Teutonic Order
The Teutonic Order was an order of knights and is now a religious order of the Roman Catholic Church . The Teutonic Order State was the forerunner of Prussia .
Until well into the 19th century, the convents of the Order were called Coming . Brothers of knights as well as brothers priests and lay brothers lived in these comedians. Under the direction of a superior, called Komtur , a monastic life with choir prayer took place in these comedians. It was only after the Reformation that communal life in the Teutonic Order dissolved and those who were to come became pure sources of income for the knight brothers of the order, who were usually in the military service of a sovereign.
Those who came were grouped into larger administrative units, the balleien , as in other religious orders (for example Dominican ) provinces.
With the transformation of the Teutonic Order into a clerical order after the First World War , the knight element in this order was dissolved. With this, the balles of the order went into the provinces / priories of today's clerical Teutonic Order, whose prior always calls himself Landkomtur and thus follows the tradition of the Knight Brothers.
Those coming were converted into convents, the superior of which is now called superior and no longer commander .
First comers in the Holy Land , still without balls
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming Montfort | 1220 | 1271 | From 1220 to 1271 the Grand Master's seat. Conquered on June 23, 1271 by the Mamluks under Sultan Baibars I. | |
Upcoming Acre | 1191 | 1291 | from 1191 to 1220 and from 1271 to 1291 the official seat of the Grand Master; captured on May 18, 1291 by troops of the Egyptian Mamluks Sultan al-Malik al-Asraf Chalil . | |
Coming Antioch | 1198 | 1268 | Conquered in 1268 by the Mamluks under Sultan Baibars I. | |
Coming Gaza | 1153 | 1192 at the latest | In 1192 the city of Gaza was given to the Arabs in the peace between Richard the Lionheart and Saladin. | |
Coming Jaffa | March 1198 | 1268 | In 1198 Henry II of Champagne donated land and vineyards in Jaffa to the Teutonic Order. Conquered in 1268 by the Mamluks under Sultan Baibars I. | |
Coming Jerusalem | April 1229 | July 11, 1244 | Emperor Friedrich II donated the German Hospital and houses in Jerusalem to the Teutonic Order. Captured by Choresm mercenaries in 1244. | |
Coming Rama | 1196 | Only through a protective privilege from Pope Celestine III. of December 21, 1196. | ||
Coming Sidon | 1220 | 1291 | Surrender of the city without a fight to the Mamluks under Sultan al-Malik al-Asraf Chalil on July 14, 1291 . | |
Coming Toron | 1227 | 1266 | Conquered in 1266 by the Mamluks under Sultan Baibars I. | |
Coming Tripoli | September 4, 1209 | 1289 | Prince Bohemond IV of Antioch gave the Teutonic Order three towers from the city wall. Conquered by the Mamluks under Sultan Qalawun in the summer of 1289 . | |
Coming Tire | April 1195 | May 19, 1291 | In 1195 King Henry II of Jerusalem donated land and buildings to the Teutonic Order. Conquered in 1291 by the Mamluks under Sultan Chalil . |
Ballei Armenia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming Amouda today in Turkish: Hemite Kalesi | 1211/12 | 1375 | Captured and sacked by the Mamluks under Sultan Baibars I in 1266. In 1375 it was finally conquered by the Mamluks under Sultan Al-Malik al-Ashraf Nasir ad-Din Shaban (II.) Ibn Husain . | |
Upcoming Ascalon | There is only one source for this coming; the letter of protection from Pope Celestine V. 1296. | |||
Coming Cumbetefort (east of Tarsus) | 1212 | probably 1375 | A gift from King Leon I of Lesser Armenia to Hermann von Salza . Exact localization is no longer possible. Lost with the fall of the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia. | |
Upcoming Düziçi (Turkish: Harunia, Haruniye ) | January 22, 1236 | probably 1375 | The city of Harunia with 13 villages was a gift from Queen Isabella of Lesser Armenia to the Teutonic Order. Lost with the fall of the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia. | |
Coming tarsus | probably 1097 | probably 1375 | Lost with the fall of the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia | |
Coming Zamsi | probably 1196 | unknown | The coming is known only through a protective privilege Pope Cölestin III., Which he issued on December 21, 1196. |
The possessions in Cyprus did not form a separate Ballei, but belonged to the Ballei of Armenia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming clavody (Greek: Klavdia Κλαυδιά ) | Lost at the latest in 1571 during the Ottoman conquest. | |||
Coming Lefkara (Greek: Λεύκαρα ) | 1205 | Lost at the latest in 1571 during the Ottoman conquest. | ||
Coming Nicosia (Greek: Lefkosía Λευκωσία ) | 1209 | Lost at the latest in 1571 during the Ottoman conquest. |
Ballei Apulia
Stephan Grube , the last governor of the Ballei, died in 1483 . Pope Sixtus IV appointed a cardinal to succeed him . Despite all protests, the Teutonic Order could not regain the ball and was lost for the order.
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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San Leonardo | 1240 | around 1483 | The Augustinian canons of S. Leonardo was given to the order in 1260. From 1350 the commander became the seat of the provincial commander. | |
Bari | 1209 | around 1483 | In 1209 the Teutonic Order owned a hospital in Bari. | |
Barletta | Spring 1197 | around 1483 | In 1197 the hospital of St. Thomas in Barletta was founded. The grave of Grand Master Hermann von Salza was in the chapel of the Coming. From 1233 to 1350 seat of the provincial commander. | |
Bellovedere | around 1483 | |||
Brindisi | 1208 | around 1483 | The church of S. Maria Alamagnorum belonged to the Ballei. Until 1233 seat of the provincial commander. | |
Corneto (near Cerignola ) | 1226 | 1483 | The Kommende and the Marienhospital in Corneto were mentioned for the first time in 1226. In 1341 the last commander was mentioned, but in 1440 there were still three members. The "Torre Alemanna" is famous. Sold to the Bishop of Siponto in 1482/83. | |
Eboli | 1212 | around 1483 | As early as 1206, King Friedrich II presented the Teutonic Order in Eboli. | |
Foggia | 1230 | circa 1440 | A Teutonic Order hospital since 1220. Extended to include gifts from the Count of Constia, Racius de Balbano. | |
Ginosa | May 1270 | In 1270 the Genusia Benedictine Abbey and the church in Ostuni were given to the Teutonic Order. | ||
Nardò | 13th century | circa 1440 | ||
Trani | 1237 | From 1237 seat of a prior, from 1240 mention of a commander. | ||
Ugentu | circa 1483 |
Ballei Biesen ( Westphalia and Netherlands )
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Upcoming Alden Tucks | around 1220 | 1797 | Diocese of Liège ; The name Alden Biesen was created in 1361 after Nieuwen Biesen was founded. Seat of the Landkomtur until the middle of the 14th century, then again from 1620. In 1797 it was secularized by the French and auctioned. | |
Upcoming Aschaffenburg | 1749 | 1773 | Archdiocese of Mainz ; previously owned by the Deutschordensballei Hessen ; Worn out by financial manipulation and rededicated as a concert venue | |
Upcoming Bekkevoort | 1280 | 1796 | Diocese of Liege, devastated in 1578, 1585 the seat of the commander after was Diest moved | |
Upcoming Bernissem | 1237 | before 1793 | Diocese of Liège; owned the patronage of the Montenak church ; went bankrupt before 1793 | |
Upcoming jellies | around 1247 | after 1400 | Diocese of Liège; attested as coming from 1247 to 1341, no more mentions from 1400 onwards | |
Immediate imperial rule and the coming of Gemert | before 1249 | 1797 | Diocese of Liège; The time of foundation unclear, around 1249 the 2nd Commander-in-Law can be found; Until 1668 existence not continuously verifiable, then secured rule over the glory of Gemert | |
Reign and Coming Gruitrode | 1416 | 1801 | Diocese of Liège; from 1417 parish rights; 1568 New building of the commander after the war devastation of 1483 | |
Recipe Holt | 1281 | 1611 | Diocese of Liège; Little Coming of the Ballei; 1611 transferred to the coming orders | |
Coming boys tucks | 1573 | 1802 | Archdiocese of Cologne, location in Cologne in the area of Severinstrasse in the immediate vicinity of the Kommende St. Katharina of the Koblenz Chamber of Commerce | |
Upcoming Liège (St. André) | 1255 | 1795 | Diocese of Liège; Richest comedian of the Ballei; Seat of the prior of the Ballei Biesen; between 1634 and 1657 new construction of the command building; | |
Coming new tucks | between 1358 and 1361 | 1794 | Diocese of Liège; located in Maastricht , priestly convent, novitiate house; From the middle of the 14th century until 1620 the seat of the provincial commander and until the middle of the 18th century of the chapter of the ball | |
Reign and coming orders | 1611 | before 1800 | Diocese of Liège; was also taken over by Kommende Holt when it was founded | |
Lordship and Coming of Ramersdorf | 1230 | 1803 | Archdiocese of Cologne; first German mastery, not transferred to the Biesen ballot until 1371 | |
Siersdorf | 1219 | 1809 | Archdiocese of Cologne, 1578 new building after being destroyed during the war; | |
Teutonic Order Coming St. Aegidius | 1321 | 1802 | Diocese of Liège; Pontstrasse in Aachen ; up to the 16th century. | |
Immediate imperial rule and Coming Sint-Pieters-Voeren | 1244 | 1798 | Diocese of Liège; the old buildings were replaced by a new palace complex in the 17th century | |
Sint Truiden recipe | 1254 | before 1800 | Diocese of Liège; | |
Vught recipe | 1483 (not used) | before 1800 | Diocese of Liège; first mention of a commander around 1373; took over the patronage right over the St. Lambertus Church |
Chamber of Commerce Bohemia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming Aussig | ||||
Coming Austerlitz , old name Neusedlitz | 1236 | 1410 | The city was founded by the Order on behalf of King Wenceslaus I in 1237. In 1397 Jobst von Moravia occupied the city and did not give it back. | |
Upcoming bilin | 1302 | 1407 | The coming was pledged to King Wenceslas IV and no longer released. | |
Coming Deblin | July 1, 1299 | 1487 at the latest | Gertrud, the widow of Bernhard von Hartenstein , Burgrave of Meißen, gave the order her inheritance of Burg Deblin with the associated fifteen estates. | |
Coming German bread | 1255 | 1422 | At the beginning of the 13th century, the lords of Neuhaus donated two villages to the order. Destroyed and lost by the Hussite Wars . | |
Upcoming Drobowitz (today: Verneřice ) | July 7, 1242 | September 20, 1411 | Was a gift from Johannes von Miletin to the order. At the beginning of the 15th century, the seat of the Bohemian Ballei; Drafted in 1411 by King Wenceslaus IV . The grave of Grand Master Konrad von Feuchtwangen is in the church . | |
Upcoming Eulenburg | 1623 | 1939 | Karl von Liechtenstein sold the Eulenberg rule to the Teutonic Order. Expropriated by the National Socialists in 1939. | |
Upcoming Hosterlitz | 1237 | 1318 | The village was a gift from King Wenceslas I to the order. The upcoming one was lost due to its bad reputation. | |
Upcoming Hostraditz | 1418 | Pledged to the Duke of Troppau and no longer redeemed. | ||
Coming Hrottowitz | 1330 | around 1420 | sold to Ulrich von Daubrawitz | |
Upcoming Jägerndorf | 1281 | 1414 | In 1281 Duke Nikolaus von Troppau donated the parish church of Jägerndorf to the Teutonic Order. Confiscated from King Sigismund because of money debts. | |
Coming Chomutov | March 29, 1252 | September 21, 1411 | Chomutov was a gift to the Order of Frederick of Chomutov. The city had to be ceded to Stephan von Kobersheim at the instigation of King Wenceslaus IV . Biggest comedian in Bohemia. | |
Coming Königgrätz , also: Grätz | 1251 | 15th century | The coming ones were destroyed in the Hussite War. | |
Coming Krenowitz | 1382 | 15th century | Destroyed and lost by the Hussite Wars . | |
Coming Kromau | 1294 | 15th century | Since 1237 the parish church belonged to the Teutonic Order. Destroyed and lost by the Hussite Wars . The city's hospital was also part of the coming. | |
Coming miletin | October 19, 1241 | 1410 | The villages were a gift from Domislava de Miletin. 1410 Sale to Benesch von Chaustnick. | |
Upcoming Neuhaus | 1269 | 1450 | A hospital of the order already existed before 1237. 1450 Sale to the Lords of Neuhaus . | |
Upcoming Pilsen | 1224 | 1546 | In 1224 the order founded a hospital and a parish. In 1546 Emperor Ferdinand I transferred the command of the city of Pilsen. | |
Coming Pischkowitz | February 6, 1233. | 1437. | Given as pledge by King Sigismund to Hynek von Waldstein ; final resignation of the order on April 16, 1488. | |
Upcoming records | June 1403. | Late 1404 | Blatten was founded by the order in the middle of the 13th century. Until 1403 it belonged to the Kommende Komotau. Since the order did not pay its debts to King Wenceslaus IV , the commander was drafted and handed over to the Brux burgrave Hynek von Kauffung . | |
Coming Polona | 1252 | 1418 | Assignment in 1418 to Duke Johann I von Troppau . | |
Coming Prague | 1203 | around 1433. | The Elisabethenhospital, the Marienhospital and the parish of St. Jakob belonged to it. | |
Coming Reichenbach | Mid 13th century | around 1301 | ||
Coming Repin , also: Rippin | 1207 | 1417 | Temporary residence of the provincial commander. Sold to Wilhelm von Schönburg in 1417 . | |
Coming Rhotowitz near Olomouc | ||||
Coming Troppau | 1203 | 1561 | The order established the parish and church of St. Mary. In 1542 the parish came to the Magistrate of Troppau through King Ferdinand I , the remaining properties were sold to Albert von Fulstein in 1561 . | |
Coming Tropplowitz | 1256. | Late 15th century | ||
Coming Vitis ; also: Groß Bittesch | 1295 | 1428 | Vitis was a gift from King Wenceslaus II to the Order. The coming ones died out through the Hussite Wars . | |
Upcoming Winarsch ( today Vilémov municipality ) | 1256 | June 24, 1272 | In 1192 Duke Wenzel II donated half of the village to the Teutonic Order. In 1272 placed with the Kommende Dobrowitz. |
Ballei Alsace-Burgundy
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Land commander Altshausen | 1264 | 1806 | Since 1440 seat of the provincial commander. Was the richest woman in the Ballei. Secularized in 1806 by the Kingdom of Württemberg. | |
Coming Andlau | 1312 | 1791 | The area came under the Teutonic Order after the dissolution of the Knights Templar. Repealed during the French Revolution. | |
Coming Basel | 1284-1286 | 1451 | The coming was mentioned for the last time in 1451. | |
Coming Bern | 1256 | February 1528 | With the introduction of the Reformation in Bern, the coming was lost. | |
Coming flexions | May 1246 | 1806 | Ulrich von Liebenberg donated his property to the Teutonic Order in 1246. Until 1444 seat of the Alsace-Burgundy Ballei. Secularized in 1806 in favor of the Grand Duchy of Baden. | |
Coming Bienburg; also Biegenburg | 1265 | 1268 | Was incorporated into the Kommende Altshausen. | |
Coming Fräschels | 1228 | 1275 | The order owned a hospital here. The only mentions of the coming come from the years 1225 to 1228. | |
Coming Freiburg | 1263 | 1806 | The first acquisitions were made as early as 1258. The coming was considered very wealthy. 1806 secularization by the Grand Duchy of Baden. | |
Upcoming Gebweiler | 1270 | 18th century | The Kommende was created after the Kommende Sulz had been relocated. In the 18th century to the Kommende Rufach. | |
Upcoming Hitzkirch | 1237 | 1806 | From 1236, the Teutonic Order acquired Grund in Hitzkirch, and in 1237 the parish church and Tannenfels Castle were added. Secularized by the municipality of Hitzkirch in 1806. | |
Upcoming Kaisersberg | 1295 | 1525 | In 1295 the order acquired houses and rights in the city. The most insignificant coming of the Ballei was leased in 1525 and administered from Andlau. | |
Coming Köniz | May 31, 1243. | 1729 | The village was a gift from Emperor Friedrich II to the Teutonic Order in 1226 . Sold to the city of Bern for 120,000 Reichstaler in 1729. | |
Coming Mainau | 1272 | March 29, 1806 | Although the island belonged to the Reichenau monastery, Arnold von Langenstein gave the island to the Teutonic Order as a gift in 1271/72 . For this he gave the Kommende Sandegg to Reichenau. 1806 secularization by the Grand Duchy of Baden. | |
Upcoming Mulhouse | 1291 | 1527 | In 1227 King Heinrich VII gave St. Stephen's Church to the Teutonic Order. After a dispute with the imperial city of Mulhouse in 1527, the municipal goods were lost, the remaining possessions were administered by the Kommende Rixheim. | |
Coming Rainach , also: Reinach | 1226 | around 1250 | There are few sources of the upcoming one. The last mention was around 1243; it was probably placed with the Kommende Basel. | |
Coming Rixheim | Early 13th century | 1789 | Since the beginning of the 13th century, the Dinghof zu Rixheim was the nucleus of the commander of the Teutonic Order. Repealed during the French Revolution. | |
Coming Rufach | circa 1230 | 1789 | The basis for the coming was a gift from the Strasbourg prince-bishop Berthold I von Teck . From 1278 to 1443 near Suntheim. Repealed during the French Revolution. | |
Upcoming Sandegg | 1255 | 1272 | Sandegg Castle in the canton of Thurgau came to the Teutonic Order around 1255 and was first mentioned as Coming in 1260. Because of constant disputes about the Kommende Mainau, the Sandegg was transferred to the Reichenau Abbey in 1272 according to a contract . | |
Upcoming Strasbourg | 1273. | December 1672 | The order had possessions in the city since 1215. In 1672 the commander was handed over to the Order of Lazarus by King Louis XIV . | |
Upcoming Sulz | 1234 | 1270 | The coming one is mentioned for the first time in 1234 and moved to Gebweiler in 1270. | |
Upcoming Sumiswald | 1225 | 1528 | In 1225 Lütold von Sumiswald donated the castle and church of Sumiswald to the Teutonic Order. Secularized by Bern in 1528 . | |
Upcoming Suntheim near Rufach | before 1300 | 1525 | In 1300 a branch of the Teutonic Sisters was moved from Hitzkirch to Suntheim. Destroyed and abandoned during the peasant wars. | |
Upcoming Waldstetten | 1673 | 1806 | From 1574, the Alsace Ballei acquired goods in Unterrohr, which led to the Kommende Waldstetten in 1673. 1806 secularization by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Upcoming Weißenburg | before 1250 | October 1789 | The upcoming was founded with the construction of the Elisabeth Chapel. Secularized in 1789 during the French Revolution. |
Ballei on the Adige and in the mountains ( Tyrol )
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Upcoming Bolzano | April 9, 1202 | 1929 | In 1202, on the initiative and with money of the couple Gerold and Mechthild, a hospital was set up under the direction of the Teutonic Order and transferred to Weggenstein around 1400 . Secularized by Italy in 1929. | |
Coming Lana | April 16, 1396 | In addition to the parish of Lana, Völlan and Gargazon also belonged to the coming. | ||
Upcoming Lengmoos | 1234 | 1929 | In 1234 the Teutonic Order bought the hospital in Lengmoos. The building that still exists today was built around 1625. | |
Coming Sankt Leonhard | 1219 | 1811 | In 1219 King Friedrich II donated the parish to the Teutonic Order. Occupied and secularized by Bavaria in 1811. | |
Coming Schlanders | 1305 | 1811 | In 1235, Emperor Friedrich II gave the parish to Hermann von Salza . Occupied and secularized by Bavaria in 1811. | |
Coming Sterzing | November 27, 1254 | 1929 | The founder of the Sterzing Hospital, Adelheid von Taufers, donated it and the parish church to the Teutonic Order. | |
Coming Trento | April 27, 1283 | 1673 | In 1283 the Teutonic Order received the St. Anna Monastery of the Augustinian Canons. The upcoming one was no longer economically viable and was sold. | |
Coming Weggenstein | See upcoming Bozen, Ballei on the Adige |
Ballei Francs
Coming | from | to | annotation | |
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Land commander Ellingen | 1216 | 1796 | In 1216 King Friedrich II gave the hospital in Ellingen to the order as a fief. Since then the seat of the county commander. The rule of the Teutonic Order ended with the occupation by Prussia. | |
Coming Aichach | 1310-1350 | 1384 | In 1310, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian donated the church in Aichach to the Teutonic Order. From 1307 the Komtur carried the title Komtur von Aichach and Blumenthal, in 1384 the commander was relocated to Blumenthal. | |
Upcoming Archshofen | 1267 | 1460 | Castle and village were a gift from the knight Friedrich von Archshofen and his wife Hedwig in 1267. From 1321 to 1332 part of the Coming Mergentheim ; 1333 to 1369 independent; 1370 to the Kommende Ellingen ; Sold in 1460. | |
Upcoming Blumenthal | 1296 | 1806 | The order bought the Hofmark Blumenthal around 1254 from Duke Rudolf I. 1806 secularization by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Upcoming Donauwörth | 1214 | 1806 | In 1214 the King and later Emperor Friedrich II donated a chapel and land in Donauwörth to the Teutonic Order. Secularization by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Coming Eschenbach | before 1236 | April 24, 1809 | Around 1220, Count Poppo II von Wertheim gave the parish of Eschenbach to the Teutonic Order. Between 1306 and 1315 the commander came to the German House in Nuremberg; At the end of the 18th century at Ellingen. Secularized by decree of Napoleon. | |
Upcoming Gangkofen | August 9, 1279 | January 11, 1806 | The coming was a gift from Count Wernhard II von Leonberg. It was secularized in 1806 by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Upcoming Giengen on the Brenz | around 1273 | 15th century | From the 15th century to Kapfenburg. | |
Coming Heilbronn | 1225 | November 27, 1805 | Ulrich II von Dürn donated his property to the Teutonic Order in 1222–1224, from which the Coming was created. From 1784 seat of the provincial commander. Secularized in 1805 in favor of the Electorate of Württemberg. | |
Coming Horneck | 1250 | 1805 | In 1250 Konrad von Horneck and his two sons joined the Teutonic Order and founded the coming party. From 1438 to 1489 the seat of the German master. Secularized in 1805 in favor of the Electorate of Württemberg. | |
Upcoming Hüttenheim | 1213 | August 19, 1328 | In 1213 Albert von Hüttenheim donated his property to the Teutonic Order in order to set up a commander. In 1328, for financial reasons, the commander of Nuremberg was struck. In 1680 the properties were sold to Prince Johann Adolf I. zu Schwarzenberg . | |
Upcoming Kapfenburg | March 25, 1364 | December 1805 | In 1364, the Count von Graf von Oettingen sold Kapfenburg and the surrounding villages to Marquardt the Zoller von Rottenstein, Commander of Mergentheim. Secularized in 1805 in favor of the Electorate of Württemberg. | |
Coming Kloppenheim | 1409 | 1809 | The Teutonic Order's court was first mentioned in 1409. In 1658 the Teutonic Order bought the whole village. The Kloppenheim Teutonic Order Castle was built from 1708 to 1718 . 1809 secularized by the Grand Duchy of Hesse. | |
Coming Lauterbach | Mid 13th century | 1332 | In 1254 the Teutonic Order acquired the parish church of St. Stephan in Lauterbach. In 1332 the administration of the Kommende was moved to Donauwörth. | |
Upcoming Mainz | 1256 | 1792 | The first donations to the order were made in 1218 under Frederick II . Conquered and dissolved by France in 1792. | |
Mastery Mergentheim | 1219 | 1805/09 | Andreas von Hohenlohe gave his inheritance share to the Teutonic Order. Secularization by the kingdoms of Württemberg and Bavaria. See also Meistertum Mergentheim . | |
Upcoming Münnerstadt | around 1240 | 1803/05 | Before 1241 the parish came into the hands of the Teutonic Order. 1803/05 Secularization by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Coming Neubrunn | 1305/11 | 1336 | In 1305 or 1311 Elisabeth von Hohenlohe donated a hospital to the Teutonic Order in Neubrunn. Revoked in 1336 and given to the Coming Procelts . | |
Upcoming Neckarsulm | May 7, 1484 | 1805 | In 1484 Reinhard von Neipperg exchanged the Kommende Prozelten to the diocese of Mainz for Scheuerberg Castle and Solme Castle . Until 1525, Scheuerberg Castle was the seat of the commander. 1805 secularization in favor of the Kingdom of Württemberg. | |
Coming Nuremberg | February 20, 1209 | 1806 | In 1209 Emperor Otto IV donated a court to the Teutonic Order in Nuremberg. Secularized in 1806 in favor of the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Upcoming Obermässing ( today the city of Greding ) | 1281 | 1465 | Berthold von Mässingen donated his inheritance to the Teutonic Order. Sold in 1465 to the Eichstatt Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau . | |
Coming Oettingen | 1196 | 1805 | In 1225, Count Ludwig von Oettingen donated properties to the Teutonic Order and before 1242 a convent was established. The coming was secularized by Württemberg on November 29, 1805. | |
Coming St. Aegid to Regensburg | 1210 | 1809 | In 1210, Duke Ludwig I of Kelheim founded the Kommende St. Aegid. 1809 secularization in favor of the Principality of Regensburg, 1810 to the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Upcoming Rothenburg | 1290 | August 13, 1672 | Helmrich Küchenmeister von Rothenburg bequeathed his legacy to the Teutonic Order in 1237. Sold by Johann Caspar von Ampringen to the imperial city of Rothenburg for 30,000 guilders . | |
Upcoming Sachsenhausen , ( today Frankfurt am Main ) | 1221 | April 24, 1809 | Emperor Friedrich II gave the Teutonic Order the Sandhof , the hospital and the Marienkirche. Secularized in 1809 in favor of Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg. | |
Upcoming Schweinfurt | 1273 | 1437 | In 1263 the Würzburg bishop Iring von Reinstein-Homburg donated the Benedictine monastery in Schweinfurt to the Teutonic Order. Sold to the imperial city of Schweinfurt in 1437. | |
Coming Speyer | May 20, 1220 | March 21, 1797 | Bishop Conrad III. von Scharfenberg donated the hospital near St. Stephan in Speyer to the Teutonic Order. Disbanded by France in 1797. | |
Upcoming Stocksberg | 1334 | 1375 | 1334 raised to Kommende, 1375 to Kommende Horneck. | |
Coming procelten | 1260 | May 7, 1484 | In 1260 the brothers Albert and Walter Schenke bequeathed their shares in the castle to the Teutonic Order. In 1320 the order inherited the rest of the castle. In 1484 Reinhard von Neipperg exchanged the castle for the diocese of Mainz for Scheuerberg Castle and Solme Castle . | |
Coming Ulm | 1226 | 1806 | The nucleus of the Coming House in 1216 was the donation from Margrave Friedrich I of Baden during the Fifth Crusade. 1806 secularization by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Upcoming Waldbreitbach , also: Breitbach | 1260 | 1809 | See Kammerballei Koblenz. | |
Upcoming Weinheim | 1273 | February 6, 1809 | Before 1272, Gerhard von Hirschberg donated his goods to the Teutonic Order. From 1472 to 1589 to the Kommende Sachsenhausen. 1809 secularization by the Grand Duchy of Baden. | |
Upcoming Weißenburg | Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, Coming Weissenburg. | |||
Coming Winnenden | May 1, 1288 | 1655 | Berthold III. von Neuffen and his wife Richenza donated the Teutonic Order to found a new one. 1665 acquired Duke Eberhard III. von Württemberg the commander of the Teutonic Order Master Johann Caspar von Ampringen for 48,000 guilders. | |
Upcoming Wurzburg | 1224 | November 20, 1805 | On November 19, 1219, the Würzburg bishop Otto I von Lobdeburg gave the Teutonic Order goods in Würzburg. Secularized by the Kingdom of Bavaria. | |
Coming Virnsberg | June 12, 1294 | 1806 | In 1294, Burgrave Konrad II of Nuremberg donated the castle and property of Virnsberg to the Teutonic Order. Secularization by the Kingdom of Bavaria. |
Ballei France
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Upcoming Arles | around 1269 | 1394 to 1423 | Was in the tenure of Pope Benedict XIII. moved in. | |
Upcoming Beauvoir | 1501 | Sold to Clairvaux Abbey in 1501. | ||
Upcoming Montpellier | circa 1263 | 1344 | In 1228 the magistrate transferred the St. Martin Hospital to the order. The coming was sold to the city for 1,500 guilders. | |
Upcoming Orbec ( near Nevers ) | 1242 | 1501 | Sold to Clairvaux Abbey in 1501. | |
Upcoming S. Michel d'Emeritage | 1225 | |||
Upcoming Vaudéville | 1228/29 | 1452 | In 1228 or 1229 Hugo Chauderon donated the church and court to Vaudéville. In 1451 there was still a commander. |
Ballei Hessen
Coming | from | to | annotation | |
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Land commander Marburg | 1233 | 1809 | In 1236 and 1237 the general chapters on the subject of the merger with the Brothers of the Sword took place in the coming years, in 1246 Pope Innocent IV granted the prior episcopal privileges. From 1586 Lutheran confession. Secularized by Jérôme Bonaparte in 1809 in favor of the Kingdom of Westphalia . | |
Upcoming Felsberg | 1247 | 1474 | In 1247 the parish church was given to the Teutonic Order. From 1474 it was administered from Marburg. | |
Coming Griefstedt | 1234 | 1809 | Griefstedt was a gift from Grand Master Konrad von Thuringia to his order. Until 1234 at the Ballei Thuringia. 1809 Takeover by the Kingdom of Prussia. | |
Upcoming Kirchhain | 14th Century | In the middle of the 14th century, the Teutonic Order acquired the bailiwick, the tithe and the parish rights. | ||
Upcoming Ober-Flörsheim | 1253 | 1801 | As early as 1237, the order bought land in Ober-Flörsheim. 1801 secularization by France. | |
Coming Obermöllrich (from 1304 Fritzlar ) | November 1, 1231 | Landgrave Heinrich Raspe IV of Thuringia and his brother Konrad , who later became Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, donated goods to the Teutonic Order in Möllrich. Secularized in 1809 by Jérôme Bonaparte in favor of the Kingdom of Westphalia. | ||
Coming Reichenbach , ( today the municipality of Hessisch Lichtenau ) | 1220 | 1323 | 1207 gave Count Heinrich III. von Reichenbach the former nunnery to the Teutonic Order. From 1310 from Thuringia to the Ballei Hessen, in 1323 it became part of the Landkommende Marburg. | |
Upcoming Schiffenberg | 1333 | 1809 | Prince-Bishop Balduin von Trier gave the former Augustinian Canons Monastery to the Teutonic Order. 1809 secularization by the Kingdom of Westphalia. | |
Coming Wetzlar | 1285 | 1809 | The Deutschherrenhof had existed in Wetzlar since 1285. 1809 secularization in favor of Imperial Arch Chancellor Karl Theodor von Dalberg. |
Kammerballei Koblenz
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming Koblenz | 1216 | 1809 | The Archbishop of Trier Theoderich II von Wied called the Knights of the Teutonic Order to Koblenz in 1216 and gave them the Nikolausspital. Seat of the provincial commander until 1600. 1809 secularization by France and sold to private. | |
Coming Beeck | 1317 | Beeck is in a document from Pope Johannes XXII. mentioned, in which he confirms the donation of the Koblenz hospital. | ||
Coming Elsen | 1263/64 | 1809 | Secularized and sold by France in 1809. The administration was carried out by the Kommende Köln-St. Katharinen out. | |
Upcoming Berk | Early 15th century | |||
Upcoming animals | 1240 | September 2, 1647 | From 1434 to the Ballei Utrecht; look there. | |
Upcoming Ibersheim | 1253 | July 22, 1465 | It is the first time in a customs privilege of the king on 20 February 1282 I. Rudolf mentioned. 1465 sold to Landgrave Hesso von Leiningen-Dagsburg for 4,000 guilders because of the Thirteen Years' War . However, the final payment was not made until May 8, 1481. | |
Coming Judenrode | 1261 | 1263/64 | In 1260 the Count von Hochstaden sold the Judenrode estate. In 1263/64 the rule of Elsen was bought and the seat of the commander moved there. | |
Coming Cologne | 1218 | 1802 | The Teutonic Order received the Katharinenhospital before 1218. Since 1600 seat of the district commander of the Ballei Koblenz. 1802 secularization by France. | |
Upcoming Muffendorf | 1272 | 17th century | In 1254 the German Order bought Muffendorf Castle from Siegburg Abbey for 50 marks. In the 17th century it was administered by the Kommende Waldbreitbach. | |
Upcoming Rheinberg | 1317 | 1317 | In 1317 the coming is mentioned in a source. Shortly afterwards to the Kommende Traar, sometimes the name “Kommende Traar und Rheinberg” appears. | |
Upcoming Pitsemburg ( Mechelen ); also: Pitsenburg or Pilzenburg | 1269 | 1795 | Walter VII von Berthout founded the Coming House with his donation. In 1795 Brabant was conquered by Napoleon and the order was expropriated. | |
Upcoming Traar | April 9, 1274 | 1812 | Albert von Are and his wife Aleidis von Rode donated their inheritance to the Teutonic Order because of childlessness. 1812 secularization by France. | |
Coming four nights | before 1235 | 1241 | The Kommende was founded before 1235 and abolished in 1241. | |
Upcoming Waldbreitbach , also: Breitbach | 1260 | 1809 | From 1239 the Teutonic Order took over pastoral care. Countess Mechthild von Sayn laid the foundation for the Coming with numerous donations in 1260. 1602 from the Ballei Franken to the Kammerballei Koblenz. 1809 secularization by the Duchy of Nassau. |
Ballei Lamparten ( Lombardy )
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming Astian , near Venice (Italian: Stigliano ) | 1321 | 1451 still available: | The town and castle of Stigliano were donated by Avantius de Stigliano in 1282. Only after numerous lawsuits did the order become owners in 1321. | |
Upcoming Bologna | 1st half of the 13th century | 1508 | In 1219 the king and later emperor Friedrich II donated goods to the order in Bologna. In 1508 the commander was confiscated by order of Pope Julius II . | |
Coming Brixeney (Italian: Precenicco ) | from 1521 to the Chamber of Commerce Austria; look there. | |||
Coming Padua | 1283-1299 | April 6, 1546 | In 1282 at the latest, the Teutonic Order acquired land in Padua, which led to the foundation of the Kommende in the 13th century. Seat of the land commander. 1546 under Pope Paul III. finally assigned to the Jesuits. | |
Coming Venice | 1208 | 1595 | In 1208 a hospital was built under Doge Pietro Ziani . Seat of the Grand Master from 1291 to 1309. Sold in 1595 to the Patriarch of Venice, Lorenzo Priuli, for 14,000 ducats. |
Ballei Lorraine
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Land commander Trier | before 1242 | 1801 | On April 17, 1242 the Coming was mentioned for the first time in a document. Occupied by France in 1794 and secularized in 1801. | |
Upcoming Beckingen | 1292 | 1544 | The Kommende was dissolved in 1544 and the Kommende assigned to Trier. | |
Coming Dan ( desert between Zinsweiler and Offenweiler ) | 1245 | 1609 | Eberhard von Ettendorf donated his goods to the Teutonic Order. Secularized by France in 1609. | |
Coming Einsiedeln ( today the city of Kaiserslautern ) | 1220-1230 | October 22, 1793 | Einsiedeln was one of the richest comers from Lorraine. Secularized by Napoleon by decree in 1793. | |
Upcoming Luxembourg | 1221 | December 1672 | In 1221 the Teutonic Order was given a hospital, the nucleus of the coming. In the Peace of the Pyrenees , Luxembourg was ceded to France and the commander of Louis XIV of France was given to the Order of Lazarus in 1672. | |
Upcoming Mermersbrunn | ||||
Upcoming Metteswald | ||||
Coming Metz | 1245 | 1552 | Destroyed by France in 1552 under King Henry II . The goods outside Metz came to the Kommende Trier | |
Upcoming St. Elisabeth , Saarbrücken | 1227 | 1793 | Count Simon III. von Saarbrücken donated land and buildings in Saarbrücken to the Teutonic Order. Occupied and dissolved by France in 1793. | |
Upcoming Saarburg (on the upper Saar) | 1245 | 1664 | As early as 1222, the city gave the hospital to the Teutonic Order. From 1664 to the Kommende Trier. | |
Coming Thann | 1410 | 1648 | 1410 first mentioned. Occupied and dissolved by France in 1648. |
All of central Italy
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Rome | ||||
Viterbo | 1300 | 1309 | In 1300 the Teutonic Order exchanged its goods on Lake Trasimeno for goods in Viterbo. 1309 last mentioned in the Ballei of Central Italy. |
Chamber Ball Austria
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Coming Vienna | before 1206 | 1918 | Allegedly founded by Leopold VI and Bishop Wolfger von Passau . Seat of the land commander. | |
Coming Brixeney (Italian: Precenicco ) | 1232 | 1623 | Count Engelhard III. von Görz donated the castle and town to the Teutonic Order around 1200. Originally in the Ballei Lamparten, Brixeney came to the Ballei Austria in 1521. Sold to the Jesuits in 1623. | |
Upcoming Friesach and Sandhof | 1203 | 1918 | In 1203 the Archbishop of Salzburg, Eberhard von Regensberg, transferred the Magdalenenhospital to the Teutonic Order. In 1492 the Teutonic Order built the St. Blasius Church. After the First World War, the Kommende was dissolved. | |
Coming Graz | 1231-1240 | 1918 | Duke Friedrich the arguable donated the Kunigunden Church in Graz and six villages to the Teutonic Order. After the First World War, the Kommende was dissolved, the church remained with the Teutonic Order until 1979. | |
Coming big Sunday | 1210 | 1918 | Friedrich III. von Pettau founded the Kommende around 1210 with his donation. In 1918 the Coming was nationalized by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. | |
Upcoming Laibach | 1250 | 1918 | In 1277 the Teutonic Order acquired an entire district in Ljubljana. In 1918 the Coming was nationalized by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. | |
Coming Leech , ( today City of Graz ) | see upcoming Graz | |||
Coming Möttling | 14th Century | 1918 | Since 1268 the order had property in Möttling, which was administered from Laibach until the 14th century. In 1918 the Coming was secularized by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. | |
Upcoming Namslau , Slovenia | 1703 | October 19, 1764 | At the beginning of the 13th century, Duke Heinrich I of Silesia presented the order with goods that were lost over time. In 1703 Grand Master Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg bought the area with 14 villages for 110,000 guilders from Emperor Leopold I. Confiscated from Prussia as a result of the Seven Years' War ; finally dissolved on October 30, 1810. | |
Upcoming Tschernembl , Slovenia | 14th Century | 1918 | From 1268 to the 14th century the Kommende Tschernembl belonged to Laibach. In 1918 the Coming was nationalized by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. | |
Upcoming Wiener Neustadt | 1245 | 1809 | The exact foundation is unknown, verifiable since 1245. Leased from 1809, sold to Johann Kappelhofer in 1918. |
Ballei Romania ("Greece")
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Land- coming Mostenizza , Greek: Methoni Μεθώνη | 1209. | 1432 at the latest | Until 1293 seat of the county commander; conquered by Byzantium. | |
Coming Andravida , Greek: Ανδραβίδα | July 1237 | 1289 | Seat of the Teutonic Order Hospital and the Teutonic Order Church of St. Jakob. 1289 by Pope Gregory XI. withdrawn from the order. | |
Coming Kalamata , Greek: Καλαμάτα | 1209 | 1421 | Conquered by Byzantium around 1421. | |
Coming Korons , Greek: Koroni Κορώνη | 1209 | 1500 | Conquered by the Ottomans. Last base of the Teutonic Order in Greece. | |
Coming Modon Greek: Methoni Μεθώνη | 1209 | 1499/1500 | In 1391 the St. John's Hospital was built. 1499/1500 unsuccessful defense together with Venice against the Ottomans. | |
Upcoming Villegrot , Greek: Veligosti Βελιγοστή | 1239 | 1432 at the latest | The lands were a gift from the French Baron Robert de l'Isle. Later conquered by Byzantium. |
Ball of Saxony
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Land-coming Lucklum | 1260 | 1809 | In 1213 the Teutonic Order was enfeoffed with the Elmsburg. From 1260 the Teutonic Order bought areas in the Reitlingstal from Ekbert von der Asseburg . From 1287 seat of the provincial commander. Secularized by Jérôme Bonaparte in 1809 in favor of the Kingdom of Westphalia . | |
Coming aken | circa 1355 | 1718 | On June 4, 1355, the Teutonic Order received the Heilig-Geist-Spital from Duke Rudolf I as a gift. In 1718, the commune and Dommitzsch were sold to the Duchy of Magdeburg for 24,000 Reichsthaler by Grand Master Franz Ludwig from Ehrenbreitstein. | |
Upcoming mountains (today the city of Wanzleben-Börde ) | 1272 | 1806 | In 1272 the Counts of Barby sold the village of Bergen to the Teutonic Order. From 1570 seat of the provincial commander. Secularized by Jérôme Bonaparte in 1809 in favor of the Kingdom of Westphalia . | |
Coming Brunswick | ||||
Coming Bremen | see Ballei Westfalen | |||
Upcoming office | 1258 | 1809 | The Burg Buro was a gift from Prince Heinrich I of Anhalt . Secularized in 1809 by the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg. | |
Upcoming Dahnsdorf | 1248 | 1776 | Albrecht I of Saxony. Sold to Ludwig von Blankenstein in 1776. | |
Coming Dommitzsch | 1223 | 1715/18 | After first acquisitions in 1214, Margrave Heinrich III donated. the illustrious one to come. 1718 Sale to the Saxon Elector Friedrich August I the Strong. | |
Coming Elmsburg | 1221-1224 | 1318 | Count Palatine Heinrich donated the Elmsburg to the Teutonic Order in 1221. Mentioned for the last time as an Ordensburg in 1364; then given as a fief and lost. | |
Coming Frauenmark | ||||
Coming Goslar | 1227 | 1501 | The upcoming was founded with the donation of the Marienspital and the Heilig-Geist-Kapelle. Sold to the Beguines in 1501 . | |
Coming Göttingen | 1318 | 1810 | Duke Otto von Braunschweig-Göttingen donated Grund and the Marienkirche to the Teutonic Order. The buildings were sold in 1810. | |
Coming Grone | 1323 | 1809 | From 1319 the Teutonic Order acquired land, with the donation of the castle chapel of Grone the coming was founded. Secularized in 1809 under King Jérôme Bonaparte of Westphalia. | |
Coming Höxter | 1285 | Late 13th century | There is evidence of a commander in 1285. Last mention at the end of the 13th century. It was probably administered from Brackel. | |
Coming Langeln | 1219 | 1809 | In 1219 the Bamberg bishop Ekbert von Andechs-Meranien sold the village to Hermann von Salza . Secularized in 1809 under King Jérôme Bonaparte of Westphalia. | |
Coming Magdeburg | 1217 | before 1584 | In 1584 the Coming Party is described as "decayed" and was owned by the cathedral chapter of Magdeburg. | |
Coming Reitling | 1260 | 1263 | In 1260 the Reitling moated castle was given to the Teutonic Order. 1263 to the Kommende Lucklum, Ballei Sachsen. | |
Coming Rosenhagen near Lübs | The village was abandoned in the Middle Ages and no longer exists today. | |||
Upcoming Weddingen | 1501 | 1809 | In 1287 the German Order bought rights in Weddingen. With the sale of the Kommende Goslar, the Kommende Weddingen was founded. Secularized in 1809 under King Jérôme Bonaparte of Westphalia. |
Bali Sicily
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Upcoming Agrigento Italian: Agrigento | 1235 | 1491 at the latest | In 1235 the coming was founded with the donation of the Johannes Hospital to the city. 1300 and 1312 seat of the provincial commander. | |
Upcoming Casalnuovo (at Tortorici ) | 1491 at the latest | |||
Upcoming Corleone | 1300 | 1435/40 | Until 1300 the area was administered from Palermo. | |
Upcoming Margena Italian: Margana | around 1220 | 1491 at the latest | Margena castle and village were a gift from Emperor Friedrich II. | |
Coming Messina | 1220 | Santa Maria degli Alemanni is the only church in Sicily built by the Teutonic Order. In 1451 it is still inhabited by a knight of the order. | ||
Upcoming Palermo | July 18, 1197 | 1492 | King Henry VI. donated the monastery of San Trinitatis to the order; Emperor Friedrich expanded the Coming 1219 with additional donations. Taken over by the Spanish royal family in 1492. | |
Upcoming Polizzi (today: Agira ) | 1206 | 1435 at the latest | The monastery of Santa Margarita was given to the order. | |
Coming Troy |
Ballei Spain
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Upcoming Carmona | around 1250 | sold around 1355 | Was temporarily administered by the Coming La Mota. | |
Coming Calatayud | 13th Century | 1460 | ||
Coming Monzon | 1222. | 1460 | ||
Upcoming Mota del Marqués , also: La Mota (near Toro ) or Santa María de los Caballeros | 1230-1235 | 1460/65 | Was a gift from the Castilian royal couple Ferdinand III. the saint and Beatrix of Swabia . Since 1255 seat of the provincial commander. 1460/65 takeover by Spanish nobles. | |
Coming Seville | 1460/65 | From 1460 the order sold its Spanish possessions. |
Ballei Thuringia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Land coming Zwätz | around 1221 | 1809 | On October 13, 1221, a religious priest was named for the first time. From 1248 seat of the provincial commander. 1809 secularization by the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. | |
Coming Adorf | 1323 | 1521 | Since 1270 the church in Adorf belonged to the Teutonic Order. | |
Upcoming Altenburg | 1221 | 1594 | In 1213 the king and later emperor Friedrich II donated the city's hospital to the order. Secularized in 1594 by Duke Friedrich Wilhelm I of Saxe-Weimar. | |
Coming ash | February 1270 | In 1270 the Lords of Plauen donated the parish of Asch to the Teutonic Order. | ||
Coming Eger | 1258 | 1688 | King Konrad IV donated the commander to the Teutonic Order. In 1587 she came to the Ballei Franken and was subordinated to the Kommende Nürnberg for administration; Sold to the city of Eger in 1688 for 55,000 guilders. | |
Coming Erfurt | before 1252 | 1360 | 1302 to 1332 at the Ballei Hessen. By 1360 at the latest, Erfurt became part of the Kommende Griefenstedt. The order built the Nicolaikirche in the city. | |
Upcoming hall | 1230 | April 25, 1511 | The Teutonic Order founded a hospital as early as 1200, the first establishment on German soil. Sold to Neuwerk Abbey in 1511 for 3,650 guilders | |
Coming Liebstedt | October 1, 1331 | 1809 | In 1331, Margrave Friedrich II. Von Meißen exchanged village and festivals Liebstedt with church fiefs and all accessories with the Teutonic Order for the Wallhausen festivals belonging to the order. 1809 secularization by the Kingdom of Saxony. | |
Upcoming Mühlhausen old town | 1227 | 1599 | In 1227 the Teutonic Order of St. Blasien acquired and rebuilt the church. In 1599 all rights were sold to the imperial city of Mühlhausen. | |
Upcoming Mühlhausen Neustadt | 1243 | 1599 | King Konrad IV transferred the Marienkirche with all rights to the Teutonic Order in 1243. In 1599 all rights and land (a total of 220 km²) were sold to the imperial city of Mühlhausen. | |
Upcoming Nägelstedt (today: City of Bad Langensalza ) | 1222 | 1809 | In 1222 the Teutonic Order bought the parish of Nägelstedt. 1809 secularization in favor of the Kingdom of Saxony. | |
Coming Nennewitz | 1248 | before 1289 | In 1288 at the latest, Nennewitz was attached to the Kommende Altenburg . | |
Coming Plauen | 1214 | 1809 | In 1214 the order founded the "German House"; In 1224 Vogt Heinrich the Middle of Weida donated the Johanniskirche with all rights to the Teutonic Order. 1809 secularization in favor of the Kingdom of Saxony. | |
Upcoming Porstendorf | 1221 | January 28, 1226 | The Archbishop of Mainz, Siegfried II von Eppstein, gave the order the local Augustinian Canons. Sold to the Pforte monastery because of ongoing disputes under Hermann von Salza . | |
Coming Reichenbach in Vogtland | around 1274 | 1526 | The Reichenbach parish church had belonged to the Teutonic Order since 1250. With the introduction of the Reformation in 1526 taken over by the Electorate of Saxony. | |
Coming Reichenbach | See Ballei Hessen | |||
Upcoming Saalfeld | 1306 | 1328 | In 1306 the Counts of Schwarzburg donated the parish Johanneskirche to the Teutonic Order. In 1328 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen sold the commander. | |
Upcoming Schleiz | 1219/20. | 1560 | In 1284 Otto von Arnshaug donated the parish church to the Coming. Taken over by the city of Schleiz with the introduction of the Reformation in 1560. | |
Coming Tanna | 1311 | 1809 | In 1279 Heinrich I , the Vogt of Gera, donated the parish to the Teutonic Order. 1809 secularized in favor of the Principality of Reuss younger line. | |
Upcoming vargula | 1341 | 1385 | On February 20, 1340, the Teutonic Order bought the castle and office from the Fulda abbot Heinrich VI von Hohenberg. 1385 sold to the city of Erfurt for 3050 shock Meissner groschen. | |
Upcoming Wechselburg | See upcoming Zschillen, Ballei Thuringia. | |||
Coming Weimar | September 16, 1284 | 1525 | Otto III. von Weimar-Orlamünde gave the Teutonic Order the parish church as the nucleus of the coming. Drew in from the city of Weimar in 1525. | |
Coming Zschillen , (today: Wechselburg Abbey ) | 1278 | 1543 | Margrave Heinrich the Illustrious donated the monastery to the Teutonic Order in 1278. 1543 secularization by Duke Moritz von Sachsen . |
Balllei Utrecht
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Land commander Utrecht | 1231 | today | In 1231, Knight Sweder von Dingede and his wife Beatrix von Loon donated the German House in Utrecht to the Teutonic Order as a gift for a crusade that had not been undertaken. Temporarily secularized under King Louis Bonaparte but reinstated. | |
Coming Bunne, also: Bonne (today: Tynaarlo municipality ) | 1278 | 1563 | In 1272 the knight Ludolf Bunne donated Bunne Castle to the Teutonic Order. Due to high debts, the commandery was sold to Johan Ewsum in 1563. | |
Upcoming animals | 1218 | September 2, 1647 | Count Adolf III. von Berg donated the Marienhospital to the order before he left for the Fifth Crusade . In 1420 Dieren came to Ballei Aldenbiesen, on March 24, 1434 it was sold to Ballei Utrecht. Sold in 1647 to Prince Wilhelm II of Orange for 147,000 guilders . A branch of the order still exists today. | |
Upcoming Doesburg | June 12, 1286 | 1657 | In 1276 the Teutonic Order got the Bethlehem Monastery, which in 1286 was exchanged for the patronage rights of the Church of St. Mary in Doesburg. Sold to the city of Doesburg in 1657. | |
Coming Hemert (today Neerijnen municipality ) | 1256 | 1328 | 1328 to the Kommende Tiel, Ballei Utrecht. | |
Upcoming Hofdijk (today Herenlaan, Maasland, "Municipality of Midden-Delfland ") | 1241 | 1365 | 1365 to the Coming Maasland, Ballei Utrecht. | |
Upcoming Katwijk | 1388 | 1572 | Burgrave Dyrk van Leiden donated the hospital and chapel in Katwijk to the Teutonic Order in 1388. For 1451 the existence of the coming is still guaranteed. Secularized in 1572 under William I of Orange . | |
Coming sufferings | 1268 | 1572 | In 1268 Count Floris V of Holland donated the patronage right of the St. Peter Church to the Teutonic Order. Secularized in 1572 under William I of Orange and given to the city. | |
Upcoming Maasland | 1365 | 1724 | In 1241, Count Wilhelm II of Holland gave the order the patronage of Maasland. Until 1365 the Kommende was called Hofdijk. Rented out in 1637, the Kommende was given up in 1724, and a branch of the order still exists today. | |
Upcoming Middelburg | 1317 | 1581 | Originated through donations from the citizens of Middelburg. Until 1317 the command was called Zandvoord. Sold in 1581 to Anna of Burgundy for 1300 gold guilders. | |
Upcoming Nes , also: Nesse | 1242/43 | 1604 | From Utrecht Bishop Otto III. founded by Holland and given the Oldenboorn Church. Recruited in 1604 by the States General. | |
Upcoming Schelluinen (today the municipality of Giessenlanden ) | 1220 | 1700 | Knight Diederik Herr von Altena donated the parish of the Nikolauskirche to the Teutonic Order. The commandery was briefly abandoned between 1248 and 1265. The commander was repeatedly badly damaged by floods, so that it was auctioned in 1700. | |
Coming Ootmarsum ; also: Ottmarsheim | 1263 | April 25, 1635 | The knights Frederik van Arreth and Hendrik van Almelo gave the Teutonic Order church, houses and land in Ootmarsum. From 1451 in the Ballei Westfalen. In 1635 the order exchanged with Johan Diederik van Heiden the commander for the seat of Waldenburg (Westphalia). | |
Upcoming Rhenes | 1267 | 1636 | In 1267 the Teutonic Order was granted patronage over the St. Cunera Church by Count Otto II von Bentheim . Sold under Johann Kaspar von Stadion . | |
Upcoming Schoonhoven | 1395 | 1578 | In 1395, Count Guido von Blois gave the place to the Teutonic Order. In 1578 the city of Schoonhoven took over the Commandery and dissolved it. | |
Upcoming pods ; also: Schoterburen, Oudeschoot | 1289 | 1672 | Around 1300 the monastery belonged to the Teutonic Order, and there was also a hospital. Secularized by the Reformation in 1580, but re-established in 1602. | |
Upcoming Tiel | 1328 | 1679 | From 1328 the Teutonic Order owned the St. Walburga and St. Martins Church. At the same time, the Kommende Hemert was given to Tiel. Disbanded in 1679 after negotiations with the city of Tiel. A branch of the order still exists today. | |
Upcoming Valkenburg | 1241 | 1615 | In 1241, Count Wilhelm II of Holland donated the church of Valkenburg to the Teutonic Order. Sold in 1615. See also upcoming Katwijk. | |
Upcoming Zandvoort ( near Middelburg ) | 1271 | 1317 | In 1317 the Kommende was dissolved and administered by Middelburg. |
Westphalia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Landkommende Mülheim (today the city of Warstein ) | June 24, 1290 | July 24, 1809 | Around 1266/68 the Knight of Mulnheim bequeathed his property to the Teutonic Order. From 1544 seat of the Landkomtur together with Münster. 1809 secularized by the Grand Duchy of Hesse. | |
Coming Brackel (today City of Dortmund ) | 1290 | June 5, 1802 | 1809 secularization by the Grand Duchy of Berg | |
Coming Bremen | 1238 | 1562 | From 1313 part of the Livonia championship. Sold to the city of Bremen for 9,000 florins in 1562. | |
Coming Duisburg | 1313 | 1805 | In 1254 the parish of San Salvator was transferred to the Teutonic Order. Secularized in 1805 | |
Upcoming Malenburg | January 12, 1692 | August 9, 1806 | In 1692, the Teutonic Order bought the noble estate for 20,000 Reichsthaler. Secularized by the Duchy of Aremberg in 1806; final delivery 1809. | |
Upcoming minster | 1247 | 1809 | Already in 1238 the Teutonic Order raised the tithe. In 1247, Bishop Ludolf von Holte donated 1247 pieces of land to the order for the construction of St. George's Church, which the Coming gave the name. Since 1324 the seat of the Landkomtur, which it had to share with Mülheim from 1544. 1809 secularization in favor of the Grand Duchy of Berg. | |
Coming Osnabrück | Late 14th century | June 10, 1809 | From 1763 it was administered from Mülheim. Secularized by Jérôme Bonaparte in 1809 in favor of the Kingdom of Westphalia . | |
Coming Ottmarsheim ; also: Ootmarsum | see Ballei Utrecht | |||
Upcoming Waldenburg | April 25, 1635 | May 31, 1692 | Exchanged for the Ballei Ootmarsum in 1635. Sold in 1692 to Baron von Fürstenberg for 31,200 Reichsthaler . | |
Upcoming Welheim (today City of Bottrop ) | 1253/54 | 1809 | Eberhard von Welheim gave his property to the Teutonic Order in 1230. Secularized in 1809 and taken over by the Grand Duchy of Berg and the Duchy of Aremberg . |
Mastery of Livonia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
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Commandery Wenden | 1209 | 1562 | The Sword Brothers built their first castle under Winno von Rohrbach in 1209. From 1237 to 1561 the seat of the Livonian Landmaster. 1561 to the Duchy of Courland and Semgallia. | |
Commandery Aristun (Sweden) | 1312 | 1467 | Commons are mentioned for the first time in 1312; Sold in 1467. | |
Årsta Castle Commandery (near Stockholm, Sweden) | 1285 | 1467 | The Swede Karl Ulfsson donated his property in Sweden to the masters of Livonia in 1285. Sold to Erik Axelsson Tott in 1467. | |
Commandery Coming ashes | 1252 | 1478 | Founded in 1209 by the Order of the Brothers of the Sword, which joined the Teutonic Order in 1239. | |
Commandery Bauske | 1443 | 1562 | Erected under Heinrich Vincke von Overberch . From 1562 residence of the Duke of Courland. | |
Coming Bremen | 1238 | 1562 | From 1313 part of the Livonia championship. Sold to the city of Bremen for 9,000 florins in 1562. | |
Commandery Doblen | 1376 | 1562 | Doblen Castle was built in 1335 under Eberhard von Monheim . In 1562 the religious order Altlivland dissolved. | |
Commandery of Daugavpils | 1387 | 1558 | In 1275 the first castle of the Livonian Order was built. Pledged to the Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania in 1558, lost in 1562. | |
Commandery of Dünamünde (today the city of Riga ) | 1305 | 1558 | In 1305 the Teutonic Order bought the Dünamünde monastery, which was converted into a fortress. After the outbreak of the Livonian War , the properties were lost to the Free Imperial City of Riga. | |
Fellin Commandery | 1224 | 1560 | In 1224 the Brothers of the Sword conquered the castle and built it into one of the strongest fortresses in Livonia. Conquered by Moscow in the Livonian War in 1560 and lost to the Order. | |
Commandery Goldingen | 1242 | 1561 | In 1242 Dietrich von Grüningen built the Jesusburg , which was later renamed Goldingen. 1561 to the Duchy of Courland and Semgallia. | |
Commandery Karkus | 1248 | 1560 | In 1248 the first castle was built under Andreas von Felben . It became a central fortification of the order. Conquered by Moscow in the Livonian War in 1560 and lost to the Order. | |
Commandery Krankow | October 27, 1268 | August 23, 1356 | The Kommende probably existed as early as 1240. Krankow also included six other villages in Mecklenburg . Sold in 1356 to Marquard von Stove for 1000 silver marks. | |
Commandery Leal | 1234 | 1562 | Around 1234, the Order of the Brothers of the Sword under Volkwin von Naumburg zu Winterstätten built Leal Castle. Conquered by King Erik XIV of Sweden in 1562 . | |
Marienburg Commandery | 1342 | 1560 | In 1342 the Livonian order master Burchard von Dreileben built a stone castle. In 1560 during the Livonian War, first conquered by Moscow and then by Sweden and lost to the order. | |
Commandery of Memel | 1254 | 1525 | The Memelburg was built in 1252/53 by the Livonian landmaster Eberhard von Seyne . 1323 to the Prussian championship. Incorporated in the Duchy of Prussia in 1525. | |
Mitau Commandery | 1272 | March 5, 1279 | Landmeister Konrad von Mandern built the first castle in 1265. Destroyed in the Battle of Asheraden . | |
Commandery of Odenpah | 1224 | 1561 | In 1224 the Bishop of Dorpat, Hermann I von Buxthoeven, built a castle which he gave to the Order of the Brothers of the Sword. Conquered by Russia in the Livonian War in 1558 and lost to the order. | |
Commandery Pernau | 1251 | 1561 | 1265 Construction of the Ordensburg under Landmeister Konrad von Mandern . Captured by Sweden in the Livonian War in 1561 . | |
Commandery Reval | 1234 | 1561 | Conquered by Denmark in 1227 by the Order of the Brothers of the Sword under Schenk von Winterstein. Danish again from 1238 to 1346. Captured by Sweden in the Livonian War in 1561 . | |
Riga Commandery | March 17, 1330 | 1558 | Eberhard von Monheim conquered the city of Riga for the Teutonic Order and began building an order castle. The order belonged to the area on the right of the Daugava, the city of Riga the area to the left of the Daugava. After the outbreak of the Livonian War , the properties were lost to the Free Imperial City of Riga. | |
Commandery Segewold | 1207 | 1561 | In 1207 the Order of the Brothers of the Swords built their first castle in Segewold. Conquered by Poland-Lithuania in the Livonian War in 1561 and lost to the order. | |
Talkhof Commandery | 1343 | 1560 | Burchard von Dreileben had a first castle built in 1343. Conquered by Moscow in the Livonian War in 1560 and lost to the Order. | |
Commandery Weißenstein ; also: Jerwen | 1265 | 1562 | Wittenstein Castle was built under Konrad von Mandern . In 1562 the religious order Altlivland dissolved. | |
Commandery of the Coming Windau | 1290 | 1562 | Winda Castle was built in 1290 under Landmeister Balthasar Holte . 1562 to the Duchy of Courland. |
The court of the Teutonic Order in Lübeck was also subordinate to the mastership of Livonia .
Mastery of Prussia
Coming | from | to | annotation | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marienburg Commandery | 1272/74 | 1466 | Ordenslandmeister Konrad von Tierberg the Elder began in 1272 . with the construction of the castle. From 1309 to 1454 the Grand Master's seat. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Althausen near Kulm | 1232 | December 13, 1466 | In 1232 the first castle was built under Hermann Balk . In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Balga | 1239 | 1525 | Conquered for the Teutonic Order in 1239 under Dietrich von Bernheim. 1525 Conversion of the order state into a secular Duchy of Prussia through the Treaty of Krakow . | |
Commandery Birgelau , also: Birglau | 1270 | 1415 | The first castle was built before 1251. In 1415 the coming one was abolished. | |
Commandery Brandenburg | 1266 | 1525 | Margrave Otto III. von Brandenburg built a first castle in 1266. 1525 Conversion of the order state into a secular Duchy of Prussia through the Treaty of Krakow . | |
Commandery Bratian ; also: Brattian or Brathan | 1343 | December 13, 1466 | Construction of the castle in 1343 under Jakob von Reinach. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery BütowSYN = 1 | 1329 | 1466 | The sons of the Pomeranian Chancellor Henning Behr sold the area to the Teutonic Order. In 1466 ceded to the Duchy of Pomerania in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Christburg | 1247 | December 13, 1466 | The castle was conquered by the Pruzzen on Christmas Eve under Heinrich von Lichtenstein, which led to its name. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery of Danzig | November 13, 1308 | December 13, 1466 | In 1308 the Teutonic Order under Heinrich von Plötzke conquered the city. 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Dirschau | 1309 | December 13, 1466 | Conquered in 1309 by Heinrich von Plötzke for the Teutonic Order. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Elbing | 1237 | December 13, 1466 | The city was founded in 1237 by the Teutonic Order. From 1255 to 1309 the seat of the Landmeister of Prussia. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Castel Sant'Angelo | 1239 | 1454 | In 1230 the Teutonic Order built the first castle, "Mons Angelorum". Occupied by rebels in 1454 during the Thirteen Years' War , ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in 1466 in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Gollub | 1293 | December 13, 1466 | From 1293 the castle was built under Meinhard von Querfurt as "castrum Golubam". In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Graudenz | 1231 | February 8, 1454 | In 1234 Hermann von Balk had a first castle built. Occupied by rebels in 1454 during the Thirteen Years' War, since then Polish. 1466 finally ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Koenigsberg | 1255 | April 8, 1525 | From 1457 the Grand Master's seat. 1525 Conversion of the order state into a secular Duchy of Prussia through the Treaty of Krakow . | |
Commandery Kulm | 1233 | In 1233 the Teutonic Order founded the city. 1466 finally ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | ||
Commandery of Memel | 1254 | 1525 | The Memelburg was built in 1252/53 by the Livonian landmaster Eberhard von Seyne . Up to 1322 in the Livonia championship. Incorporated in the Duchy of Prussia in 1525. | |
Commandery Nessau | May 16, 1230 | September 27, 1422 | In the Treaty of Kruschwitz, Konrad von Masowien handed over the Nessau Castle to the Teutonic Order. Conquered by King Władysław II Jagiełło in 1420 and ceded to Poland in the Peace of Lake Melno . | |
Commandery Mewe | 1276 | December 13, 1466 | Duke Swantopolk II of Pomerania bequeathed the Mewer Land to the Teutonic Order; In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Osterode | 1332 | 1525 | In 1332, under Luther von Braunschweig, the first castle was built and the commandery was established. 1525 Conversion of the order state into a secular Duchy of Prussia through the Treaty of Krakow . | |
Commandery Papau | 1287 | 1458 | In 1287, Burchard von Schwanden had the first castle built. conquered by Poland in the Thirteen Years War and given to the Bishop of Kulm. | |
Commandery Ragnit | 1289 | 1525 | Under Meinhard von Querfurt , the first fortress was built, Landeshut Castle. The Commandery became part of the Duchy of Prussia in 1525. | |
Commandery Rehden ; also: Rheden | 1234 | 1454 | In 1234, the construction of the castle began under Herrmann von Balk . Captured by the Prussian Confederation in 1454, ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466 . | |
Commandery Roggenhausen | approx. 1300 | 1454 | In 1275 the first castle was built under Konrad von Thierberg, but it quickly lost its importance. In the Thirteen Years' War destroyed and occupied by Poland. | |
Commandery Schlochau | 1312 | December 13, 1466 | In 1312 Karl von Trier bought the place from Nikolaus von Poniec for 250 marks in silver. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Schönsee | 1278 | December 13, 1466 | In 1231 Konrad I of Mazovia gave the area to the Teutonic Order; An order castle was built from 1280 to 1290. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Schwetz | 1309 | December 13, 1466 | In 1309 the city was conquered by Heinrich von Plötzke . In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Strasburg Commandery | 1307 | 1462 | The first castle was built in 1285. Prince Władysław I. Ellenlang gave the land to the Teutonic Order as pledge. In 1317 it was completely bought by the Teutonic Order. Conquered by Poland in 1462 and ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466 . | |
Commandery Thorn | 1231 | December 13, 1466 | Landmeister Hermann von Balk founded the city. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . | |
Commandery Tuchel | around 1287 | October 19, 1466 | Around 1287 the settlement and a castle were created. In 1466 ceded to the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn . |
Today's order provinces
Priory Germany
- Weyarn Priory
- Darmstadt Convention
- Frankfurt-Sachsenhausen convent
- Convent Maria Birnbaum Monastery
- Convention weather
- Frankenberg branch
- Rheinbach branch
- Koblenz branch
Former convents of the German Province:
- Nuremberg branch (2008–2011)
Austria Priory
- Convention at the Grand Master's Office in Vienna
South Tyrol priory
- Lana Priory
Slovenia priory
- Laibach Priory
Czech Republic-Slovakia Priory
- Opava Priory
- Freudenthal Convent
- Topol'cany convent
Today's balls of the familiars
- Independent Commandery "Alden Biesen" in Belgium
Ballei Austria
- Commandery "An Enns and Salzach"
- Commandery "An Der Drau"
Ballei Germany
with the commanderies
- Commandery "On the Isar, Lech and Danube"
- Commandery "On the Danube"
- Commandery "Franconia"
- Commandery "Am Oberrhein"
- Commandery "An Tauber, Neckar and Lake Constance"
- Commandery "On the Rhine and Main"
- Commandery "On the Rhine and Ruhr"
- Commandery "On Weser and Ems"
- Commandery "On the Elbe and the Baltic Sea"
Ball "On the Adige and in the mountains" ( South Tyrol )
- Commandery "Am Inn and High Rhine"
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerard Müller: Jerusalem or Acre? Bad Münstereifel 1988, pp. 3-23.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times. Vienna 1955, p. 54.
- ↑ Marie-Lousie Favreau: studies on the early history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart, p. 59 f.
- ↑ Gerard Müller: Jerusalem or Acre? Bad Münstereifel 1988, p. 23.
- ^ Marie Louise Favreau: Studies on the early history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart, p. 60.
- ^ Marie-Louise Favreau: Studies on the early history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart, p. 78 f.
- ^ Marie-Louise Favreau: Studies on the early history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart, p. 59.
- ^ Jürgen Sarnowsky : The German Order (= Beck'sche series 2428 CH Beck knowledge ). CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-53628-1 , p. 25, at GoogleBooks .
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean. Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967, p. 119.
- ^ Marie-Louise Favreau: Studies on the early history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart, p. 60.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean. Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967, p. 213.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean. Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967, p. 61f.
- ^ Marie-Louise Favreau: Studies on the early history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart undated, p. 60.
- ^ Benninghoven, Friedrich: Under cross and eagle: The German Order in the Middle Ages. Exhibition of the Secret State Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage on the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the Teutonic Order. Mainz 1990, p. 35.
- ^ Benninghoven, Friedrich: Under cross and eagle: The German Order in the Middle Ages. Exhibition of the Secret State Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage on the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the Teutonic Order. Mainz 1990, p. 35.
- ↑ On the trail of the Teutonic Order in Apulia. Retrieved July 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Jürgen Sarnowsky: The German Order. CH Beck, Munich 2007, p. 69.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times. Vienna 1955, pp. 76-77.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart 2005 p. 35.
- ↑ Hubert Huoben: sources and research from Italian archives and libraries. Edited by the German Historical Institute in Rome, Vol. 83, 2003, p. 47.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart 2005, p. 35.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times. Vienna 1955, p. 76.
- ↑ Aniella Humpert: Statistical analysis of the recipient of the certificate from Friedrich II. Munich 2003, p. 359.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times. Vienna 1955, p. 78.
- ↑ Archives in the Landesarchiv NWW and history of the Teutonic Order by Damian Hungs
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 2; Vienna 1863.
- ^ Klaus Militzer The History of the Teutonic Order, Stuttgart 2005, p. 176.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 145, Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Marian Tumler, The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 100f; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 2; Vienna 1863.
- ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 38; Vienna 1863.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: 1190-2010 820 years German Orders, S 128; Riedeldruck 2011.
- ↑ Joachim Bahlcke and others: Handbook of the historical sites of Bohemia and Moravia, p. 138f; Kröner-Verlag, Stuttgart 1998.
- ^ Arno Mentzel-Reuters: Arma spiritualia, libraries, books and education in the Teutonic Order p. 340; Harrassowitz Verlag Wiesbaden, 2003.
- ^ Josef Hemmerle : The Deutschordens-Ballei Böhmen in their account books 1382-1411 p. 29; 1967.
- ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 48; Vienna 1863.
- ^ Josef Hemmerle: The Deutschordens-Ballei Böhmen in their account books 1382-1411 ; 1967.
- ↑ Marian Tumler, The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times , p. 102; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 42; Vienna 1863.
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 10; Vienna 1863.
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, S38; Vienna 1863.
- ^ Josef Hemmerle: The Deutschordens-Ballei Böhmen in their account books 1382-1411; 1967.
- ↑ Josef Hemmerle: The Deutschordens-Ballei Böhmen in their account books 1382-1411, p. 47; Bonn-Bad Godesberg, 1967.
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 8; Vienna 1863.
- ^ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 28; Vienna 1863.
- ↑ Joachim Bahlcke et al.: Handbook of historical places: Bohemia and Moravia; P. 398ff; Kröner-Verlag, Stuttgart 1998.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 107; Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Josef Hemmerle: The Deutschordens-Ballei Böhmen in their account books 1382-1411 p. 14; 1967.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 108; Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 110; Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 110. Vienna 1901.
- ^ Josef Hemmerle: The Deutschordens-Ballei Böhmen in their account books 1382-1411; 1967.
- ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of the Ballei of the German Order in Böhmen, p. 48; Vienna 1863.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 1116; Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 117, Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 118, Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Marian Tumler, The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 101; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 124; Vienna, 1901.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 125, Vienna 1901.
- ^ Arno Mentzel-Reuters: Arma spiritualia, libraries, books and education in the Teutonic Order p. 340; Harrassowitz Verlag Wiesbaden, 2003.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 125, Vienna 1901.
- ↑ http://www.vinare.cz/?option=com_content&task=view&id=14&Itemid=47
- ↑ Castles and Palaces of the Teutonic Order, p. 6; Bad Mergentheim 1997.
- ↑ Elisabeth von Gleichenstein: Cross and Sword, p. 186; Mainau, 1991.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 443; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Main State Archives Stuttgart B 343 U 521.
- ^ Marian Biskup: Visitations in the Teutonic Order in the Middle Ages Part I, p. 63; Marburg, 2002.
- ↑ Castles and Palaces of the Teutonic Order, p. 6; Bad Mergentheim 1997.
- ↑ Ursula Bichler in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, HS 1/4, 454; Bern, 2005.
- ↑ Karl Otto Müller: Description of the Coming in the Deutschordensballei Alsace-Swabia-Burgundy in 1393, p. XVII; Stuttgart, 1958.
- ↑ Karl Otto Müller: Description of the Coming in the Deutschordensballei Alsace-Swabia-Burgundy in 1393, p. XVII; Stuttgart, 1958.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 81; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Hans Boehm: The Deutschordens-Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, p. 11; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ↑ Hans Boehm: The Deutschordens-Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, p. 26f; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ↑ Hans Boehm: The Deutschordens-Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, p. 26f; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ^ Ottmar Friedrich Heinrich Schönhuth: Chronicle of the former Reichenau monastery, illustrated from handwritten sources, p. 194; Constance, 1835.
- ↑ Hans Boehm: The Deutschordens-Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, p. 26f; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 119; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The emergence of the Deutschordensballeien in the German Empire, p. 81; Bonn-Bad Godesberg, 1970.
- ^ Karl Otto Müller: Description of the coming of the Deutschordensballlei Alsace-Swabia-Burgundy in the year 1393, p. XVII; Stuttgart, 1958.
- ↑ Hans Boehm: Die Deutschordens-Ballei Elsaß-Burgund, S. 8f; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ^ Ottmar Friedrich Heinrich Schönhuth: Chronicle of the former Reichenau monastery, illustrated from handwritten sources, p. 194; Constance, 1835.
- ^ Hans Boehm: The Deutschordens-Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, p. 18; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ^ Karl Otto Müller: Description of the coming of the Deutschordensballei Alsace-Swabia-Burgundy in the year 1393, p. XIX; Stuttgart, 1958.
- ^ Rudolf Fendler: The Chamber Commander of the Teutonic Order in Weissenburg in Alsace, p. 160; Marburg 1995.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 127; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 124; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the German Order, p. 91; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Hans Boehm: The Deutschordens-Ballei Alsace-Burgundy, p. 11; Bad Mergentheim, 1990.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The first branches of the order in Bavaria; in: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria.
- ^ Rudolf Fendler: The Chamber Commander of the Teutonic Order in Weissenburg in Alsace, p. 22; Marburg 1995.
- ^ Rudolf Fendler: The Chamber Commander of the Teutonic Order in Weissenburg in Alsace, p. 224; Marburg 1995.
- ^ Franz-Heinz Hye : The Ballei on the Adige and the Landkommende Bozen pp. 329-330; in: The German Order in Tyrol; Bolzano 1991.
- ^ Justinian Ladurner: Documentary contributions to the history of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol , p. 9ff; Innsbruck 1861.
- ^ Franz-Heinz Hye: The Ballei an der Etsch and the Landkommende Bozen , p. 77, in: Der Deutsche Orden in Tirol, Bozen 1991.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times . Vienna 1955, p. 89.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order . Kohlhammer Verlag, 2005, p. 53.
- ^ Franz-Heinz Hye: In the footsteps of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol. Bolzano 1991, p. 288.
- ↑ Josef Nössing: The German Order in Tyrol. Bozen 1991, p. 392ff.
- ^ Franz-Heinz Hye: In the footsteps of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol. Bolzano 1991, p. 232.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times. Vienna 1955, p. 88.
- ^ Franz-Heinz Hye: In the footsteps of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol. Bozen 1991, p. 322.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Helmut Rischert: The German Order in the Wittelsbacher Land. The coming Blumenthal. City of Aichach; Aichach, 2010.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. 41 ff; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. 88; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. 39 f; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ↑ State Archives Ludwigsburg JL 425 Bd. 26 Qu 50.
- ↑ Rolf Müller (ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , p. 202.
- ↑ State Archives Ludwigsburg, JL 425 Vol. 25 Qu. 69.
- ↑ State Archives Ludwigsburg JL 425, Volume 27, Source 10.
- ↑ State Archives Ludwigsburg JL 425, Volume 27, Source 11.
- ↑ Alois Seiler: Cross and Sword 1805/09, p. 111; Mainau 1991.
- ^ Ekhard Schöffler: Die Deutschordenskommende Münnerstadt, p. 177; Marburg, 1991.
- ^ Ekhard Schöffler: The German order coming Münnerstadt. Marburg 1991, p. 19.
- ^ Anne Krenzer: Castle of the Teutonic Order in Münnerstadt. In: Rhoen.info (Rhönlexikon). Retrieved April 12, 2020 .
- ↑ Coming in Münnerstadt. In: Muennerstadt.de. Retrieved April 12, 2020 .
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiß: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. 224f; Neustadt Aisch, 1994.
- ^ Rudolf Stich: The gone castle Scheuerberg near Neckarsulm, p. 70ff; in: Heilbronn Historical Association. 24. Publication. Historical Association Heilbronn, Heilbronn 1963.
- ^ Neckarsulm and the German Order 1484-1805-1984, pp. 83f; Neckarsulm 1984.
- ^ Karl Ulrich: The Nuremberg Order of the Order in its importance for Catholicism since the religious split, pp 65ff; Kallmünz, 1935.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. XIV; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ↑ Joseph Hopfenzitz: The Coming Oettingen of the Teutonic Order, p 187; Bonn 1975.
- ↑ Paul Mai (Ed.): 800 years of the German Order Coming St. Aegid in Regensburg 1210 - 2010; Regensburg, 2010.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. 108ff; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ↑ Werner Sylge: Die Deutschordenskomturei Rothenburg ob der Tauber, p. 201; Augsburg 1944.
- ↑ Helmut Mann: The German Order and its Church in Frankfurt-Sachsenhausen, p. 61: Frankfurt, 1991.
- ↑ Achim Fuchs: Schweinfurt. The development of a Franconian villula into an imperial city (Mainfränkische Studien 2); Wuerzburg, 1972.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franken in the Middle Ages, p. 240f; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ^ Document in the Ludwigsburg State Archives, JL 425 Vol. 24, Qu. 69.
- ^ Hans G. Böhm: German Order in Franconia, aspects of its history, p. 22; Bamberg, 1988.
- ↑ Ursula Pfistermeister: Castles, fortified churches, city walls around Würzburg, p. 110f; in: Defensive Franconia. Vol. 2, Ernst Carl, Nuremberg 2001.
- ^ Rudolf Stich: The gone castle Scheuerberg near Neckarsulm, p. 70ff; in: Heilbronn Historical Association. 24. Publication. Historical Association Heilbronn, Heilbronn 1963.
- ↑ Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages, p. 41 ff; Neustadt Aisch, 1991.
- ↑ Document in the State Archives Ludwigsburg JL 425 Bd 24 Qu. 80.
- ↑ Max Miller, Gerhard Taddey (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany. Sixth Volume, p. 894, 2nd edition; Kröner, Stuttgart 1980.
- ^ Description of the Oberamt Waiblingen. Published by the Royal Statistical-Topographical Bureau, p. 2; Cotta, Stuttgart / Tübingen 1850.
- ↑ Hans-Peter Trenschel: Deutschhauskirche Würzburg, p. 2f; Regensburg, 1999.
- ↑ Alois Sailer: Cross and Sword, p. 111; Mainau, 1991.
- ↑ State Archives Ludwigsburg, JL 425 Vol. 26 Qu. 168 Donation of the Virnsberg Castle with named members by Konrad [II.] D. J. Burgrave of Nuremberg and his wife Agnes von Hohenlohe
- ↑ State Archives Nuremberg deed of donation from 1294
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 140; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 179; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 43; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 140; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 180; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 179; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 56; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 179; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ The German Order in Hesse, catalog 5, p. 27; Marburg 1983.
- ↑ The German Order in Hesse, catalog 5, p. 23; Marburg 1983.
- ↑ Ursula Braasch-Schwersmann: Das Deutschordenshaus Marburg, p. 20f; Marburg, 1989.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 142; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 40; Aldenbiesen, 1992.
- ↑ Ursula Braasch-Schwersmann: Das Deutschordenshaus Marburg, p. 15; Marburg, 1989.
- ↑ Ursula Braasch-Schwersmann: Das Deutschordenshaus Marburg, p. 20f; Marburg, 1989.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: 1190 - 2010: 820 years of the German Order, p. 40; Riedeldruck, 2014.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: 1190 - 2010: 820 years of the German Order, p. 38; Riedeldruck, 2011.
- ↑ Hartmut Boockmann: The German Order: Twelve chapters from its history, p. 40ff; CH Beck, Munich 1981.
- ↑ 700 years Elisabethkirche Marburg in Der Deutsche Orden in Hessen, p. 23; Marburg 1983.
- ↑ Manfred Blechschmidt: The history of the Schiffenberg. P. 8, 2015
- ↑ Wetzlarer Museumsschriften No. 4, p. 48; Wetzlar 1992.
- ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, p. 23; Marburg, 1979.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 60f; Aldenbiesen, 1992.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 61; Aldenbiesen, 1992.
- ^ Arnold, Udo: Teutonic Order Elsen. In: Arnold, Udo and Bott, Gerhard (ed.): 800 years of the German Order. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, pp. 201f; Gütersloh / Munich, 1990.
- ^ Hans Georg Kirchhoff: Grevenbroich. The city history. From prehistoric times to the French Revolution. With the collaboration of Jost Auler . P. 167ff; ed. from the history association for Grevenbroich and surroundings e. V. Grevenbroich 2006.
- ^ Marian Biskup: Visitations in the German Order in the Middle Ages, Part 1, p. 65; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ^ H. Stam: De Hof te Dieren, 1965, on: http://art.scriptmania.com/index.html
- ↑ State Main Archive Koblenz: Document 55 A 2, No. 24.
- ↑ State Main Archives Koblenz: Document 55 A 2, No. 25.
- ↑ Hess. State Archive Darmstadt: Certificate A 2, No. 96/30.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 61; Aldenbiesen, 1992.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 61; Aldenbiesen, 1992.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent, p. 137; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ http://www.archaeologie-krefeld.de/Bilder/entdeckungen/PDF%20Dateien/Haus%20Traar/HausTraar.pdf
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 61; Aldenbiesen, 1992.
- ↑ http://www.archaeologie-krefeld.de/Bilder/entdeckungen/PDF%20Dateien/Haus%20Traar/HausTraar.pdf
- ^ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine. Elberfeld, Düsseldorf 1846; Vol. 2., Certificate No. 660, p. 388.
- ^ Johannes A. Mol: De Friese Huizen van de Duitse Orde ("The Frisian Houses of the Teutonic Order"), p. 40ff; Leeuwarden, 1998.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean, p. 119; Bonn Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 40; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 178; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 179; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 40; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Johann Rainer: Eight Centuries of German Orders in Individual Representations, p. 362 f .; Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 40; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Johann Rainer: Eight Centuries of German Orders in Individual Representations, p. 370; Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, p. 20; Marburg, 1979.
- ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, p. 512; Marburg, 1979.
- ^ Rudolf Fendler: The Chamber Commander of the Teutonic Order in Weissenburg in Alsace, p. 113; Marburg 1995.
- ^ Jörg Seiler: The Military Orders and the Reformation, p. 165; Hilversum 2006.
- ^ Rudolf Fendler: History of the German Order Coming Einsiedeln near Lautern, p. 24; Mainz 1986
- ↑ Martin Armgart: The German Order and its Coming Einsiedel in the time of Commander Emmerich Schraß von Uelversheim (1437–1481) in: Mitteilungen des Historisches Verein Pfalz, No. 100 (2002), pp. 159–184.
- ^ Rudolf Fendler: The Chamber Commander of the Teutonic Order in Weissenburg in Alsace, p. 160; Marburg 1995.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 132; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Kurt-Ulrich Jäschke: Saarbrückens Ruhm in Source Poor Time, p. 69. In: Journal for the history of the Saar region, 47th year, Saarbrücken 1999.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The emergence of the Deutschordensballeien in the German Empire, p. 88; Bonn-Bad Godesberg, 1970.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 131; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, p. 230 u. 499; Marburg, 1979.
- ^ Marian Biskup: Visitations in the German Order in the Middle Ages, Part 1, p. 65; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer. The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 42; Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 54; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean, p. 137; Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ^ Klaus Mürzer: The History of the German Order, p. 179; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 178; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 91f; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 93; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 54; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: The German Order in Austria; in: Pfarrblatt Dompfarre St. Stephan, Vienna 2005.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: The German Order in Austria; in: Pfarrblatt Dompfarre St. Stephan, Vienna 2005.
- ^ Fritz Rotschate in: Schlesische Geschichtsblätter 1933/3, p. 49 ff; Wroclaw, 1933.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: The German Order in Austria; in: Pfarrblatt Dompfarre St. Stephan, Vienna 2005.
- ↑ https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/view/4477557/kommenden-des-deutschen-ordens-damian-hungs
- ^ Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria: Lower Austria south of the Danube. Part 2. M to Z. Wiener Neustadt. Former Coming from the German Order. Bundesdenkmalamt, Verlag Berger, p. 2637; Horn / Vienna 2003.
- ↑ Marian Tumler, The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 57; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer. The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 177; Kohlhammer Verlag, 2005.
- ↑ Marian Tumler, The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 67; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Marian Tumler, The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent, p. 54; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean p. 79; Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter, The German Order on the Mediterranean, Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 177; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent, Vienna 1955.
- ^ Hans Helmuth Rimpau: Deutschordenskommende Lucklum, ed. v. Hans Adolf Schultz, Braunschweig 1958.
- ↑ http://www.ernstfherbst.de/do/sa/ak/ak-inh.htm
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Die Deutschordensballei Sachsen, p. 32f; Bad Mergentheim, 2000.
- ^ Deutschordensballei Sachsen, p. 30f; Bad Mergentheim, 2000.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: 1190-2010 820 years German Order, p 130; Riedeldruck, 2011.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: 1190-2010 820 years German Order, p 129; Riedeldruck, 2011.
- ^ Ernst Andreas Friedrich: The Elmsburg near Schöningen, pp. 26-28; Landbuch-Verlag Hannover 1998.
- ^ Deutschordensballei Sachsen, p. 22f; Bad Mergentheim, 2000.
- ↑ see St. Marien Church
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 128; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 93; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Deutschordensballei Sachsen, p. 11; Bad Mergentheim, 2000.
- ↑ Géza Jászai, Heiko KL Schulze, Jochen Luckhardt: Monastic Westphalia: Monasteries and monasteries 800 - 1800; Münster 1982, Corvey 1983.
- ↑ Siegfried Hildebrand: The Commandery of the Teutonic Order of Langeln, in: Harz Association for History and Antiquity (ed.): Harz Journal, 2002/03, p. 141 ff.
- ↑ DieDeutschordensballei Sachsen, p. 11; Bad Mergentheim, 2000.
- ↑ Paul Jonas Meier and Karl Steinacker: The architectural and art monuments of the Wolfenbüttel district, Wolfenbüttel, 1906.
- ↑ 963 years Weddingen, in http://www.weddingen.de/include.php?path=content/content.php&contentid=69
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer. The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 38; Kohlhammer Verlag, 2005.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean p. 119; Bonn Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ^ PF Pistilli: Teutonici, Cavalieri; Treccani, La Cultura Italiana; 2000.
- ^ PF Pistilli: Teutonici, Cavalieri; Treccani, La Cultura Italiana; 2000.
- ↑ Kurt Forstreuter: The German Order on the Mediterranean p. 119; Bonn Bad Godesberg 1967.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 70f; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 443; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent, Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer. The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 140; Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Jürgen Sarnowsky: Der Deutsche Orden, p. 69; CH Beck, Munich 2007.
- ↑ Ernst Graf v. Mirbach-Harff: Contributions to the personal history of the Teutonic Order. Ballei Bohemia-Moravia in: Yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler"; Volume 11 p. 148, Vienna 1901.
- ↑ Jürgen Sarnowsky: Der Deutsche Orden, p. 69; CH Beck, Munich 2007.
- ↑ according to the latest research not 1222; Nicolas Jaspert: The German Order on the Iberian Peninsula; S. 280 in: Valdeón, Julio (ed.): España y el "Sacro Imperio". Procesos de cambios, influencias y acciones recíprocas en la época de la "europeización" (siglos XI - XIII). Secretariado de Publ. E Intercambio Ed., Univ. de Valladolid, Valladolid 2002, pp. 273-298 (Historia y sociedad; 97).
- ↑ Jürgen Sarnowsky: Der Deutsche Orden, p. 69; CH Beck, Munich 2007.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 41; Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ http://zwaetzen.de/die-ballei-thueringen-im-mittelalter--iv-.html
- ^ Die Deutschordensballei Thuringia, p. 25, Bad Mergentheim, 1993.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 215; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 37; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ^ Die Deutschordensballei Thuringia, p. 20; Bad Mergentheim, 1993.
- ↑ Michel Borgolte: Foundations and Foundation Realities from the Middle Ages to the Present, p. 51; Berlin, 2000.
- ^ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 152; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Die Deutschordensballei Thuringia, p. 23; Bad Mergentheim 1992.
- ^ JG Anderson: History of the German Order Commende Griefstedt, p. 38; Erfurt, 1867.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 35; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ↑ http://regesten.regesta-imperii.de/index.php?pk=8223&offset=0&bandbeispiel=0&begriffe=&q=SELECT
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 24; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia, p. 159; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 9; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia, p. 159; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 10; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ^ Eckhard Lange: The history of the village of Nägelstedt; Bad Langensalza, 2003.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 35; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 20; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ↑ O. Dorbencker: Chorherrenstift und Kommende Porstendorf, in: Zeitschrift für Thüringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Vol. 21 pp. 362–372; Erfurt, (1902).
- ^ Heinz Wiessner: The Diocese of Naumburg, vol. 1, p. 152; Göttingen, 1996.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 149; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 25; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 25; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 19; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ^ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 21f; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 19; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ↑ Die Deutschordens-Ballei Thuringia, p. 18; Bad Mergentheim, 1992.
- ^ Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia, p. 306; Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg, 2000.
- ↑ Bernhard Sommerlad: The German Order in Thuringia p. 43 f .; Halle / Saale 1931.
- ^ Weimar: Lexicon of City History, p. 91.
- ^ Heinrich Magirius: Stiftskirche Wechselburg; The Christian monument; H. 94/95; Art Guide No. 2006; Schnell & Steiner publishing house, Regensburg; 2nd edition: 1997.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown Aspects of the History of the Teutonic Order, p. 179; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ LW Brink: Tussen Stoefgat en Kiekeveer; de historie van Bunne, Winde en Bunnerveen ("Between Stoefgat and Kiekeveer; the story of Bunne, Winde and Bunnerveen"), p. 127; Bunne, 1993.
- ^ H. Stam: De Hof te Dieren, 1965, on: http://art.scriptmania.com/index.html
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown Aspects of the History of the Teutonic Order, p. 23; Vienna, 2006.
- ↑ Bernhard Demel: 1190-2010 820 years German Order, p 129; Riedeldruck, 2011.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 175; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Johannes A. Mol: De Friese Huizen van de Duitse Orde ("The Frisian Houses of the Teutonic Order"), p. 14; Leeuwarden, 1998.
- ^ A b Johannes A. de Mol: Deutschherren and Johanniter in the diocese of Utrecht and their parishes, p. 117; Toruń 1997.
- ↑ Udo Arnold: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 90; Aldenbiesen 1992.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 51; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ^ Johannes A. Mol: De Friese Huizen van de Duitse Orde ("The Frisian Houses of the Teutonic Order"), p. 260; Leeuwarden, 1998.
- ^ Johannes A. Mol: De Friese Huizen van de Duitse Orde ("The Frisian Houses of the Teutonic Order"), p. 40ff; Leeuwarden, 1998.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown Aspects of the History of the Teutonic Order, p. 41; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Huib J. Zuidervaart: Ridders, Priesters en Predikanten in Schelluinen. De geschiedenis van een Commanderij van de Ridderlijke Duitsche Orde, Balije van Utrecht, pp. 30–33.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ AL Hulshoff: Knight and Priest. Eight centuries of German orders in north-western Europe, p. 50; Aldenbiesen 1992.
- ↑ Hans Jürgen Dorn: The German Order Ball of Westphalia, S46ff; Marburg 1978.
- ↑ Coming Ootmarsum of the Teutonic Order, copy of an original from 1670 by Meindest Hobbema (London National Gallery). Musée Condé, Chatilly
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown aspects of the history of the Teutonic Order, p. 23; Vienna, 2006.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown aspects of the history of the Teutonic Order, p. 23; Vienna, 2006.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown aspects of the history of the Teutonic Order, p. 23; Vienna, 2006.
- ^ Johannes A. Mol: De Friese Huizen van de Duitse Orde ("The Frisian Houses of the Teutonic Order"), p. 245; Leeuwarden, 1998.
- ^ Bernhard Demel: Unknown aspects of the history of the Teutonic Order, p. 23; Vienna, 2006.
- ^ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 51; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ http://kommende-dortmund.de/kommende_dortmund/3-Unser-Haus/30-Geschichte.html
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westfalen, P. 90f; Marburg, 1978.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westphalia, p. 34f; Marburg, 1978.
- ^ Holger Stefan Brünjes: The Teutonic Order Commandery in Bremen, S 42f; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ^ Holger Stefan Brünjes: The Teutonic Order Commandery in Bremen, p. 139; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ^ Holger Stefan Brünjes: The Teutonic Order Commandery in Bremen, S 60f; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westphalia, p. 8; Marburg 1978.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westfalen, p. 17; Marburg 1978.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westfalen, p. 61ff; Marburg 1978.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westfalen, p. 78; Marburg 1978.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westphalia, p. 24f; Marburg 1978.
- ^ Hans Jürgen Dorn: Die Deutschordensballei Westfalen, p. 57ff; Marburg 1978.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from June 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Jegór v. Sivers: Wenden, his past and present: a contribution z. History of Livonia. Reprint [d. Edition] Riga, Kymmel, 1857. Hanover-Döhren: v. Hirschheydt; 1975.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent, p. 161; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Birgitta Eimer: Gotland under the Teutonic Order and the Commandery Sweden to Arsta, p. 106; Innsbruck, 1966.
- ^ Lutz Fenske and Klaus Militzer (eds.): The Knight Brothers in the Livonian Branch of the Teutonic Order, Vienna, Cologne, 1993.
- ↑ Lutz Fenske and Klaus Militzer (eds.): The Knight Brothers in the Livonian Branch of the Teutonic Order, p. 77; Vienna, Cologne, 1993.
- ^ Tuulse: The castles of the Teutonic Order in Latvia and Estonia, 1942.
- ^ Holger Stefan Brünjes: The Teutonic Order Commandery in Bremen, S 42f; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ^ Holger Stefan Brünjes: The Teutonic Order Commandery in Bremen, p. 139; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ^ Holger Stefan Brünjes: The Teutonic Order Commandery in Bremen, S 60f; Marburg / Lahn 2002.
- ↑ Hans Feldmann, Heinz von zur Mühlen (ed.): Baltic historical local dictionary, part 2: Latvia (South Livland and Courland), Cologne 1990.
- ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order, p. 124; Stuttgart, 2005.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 390; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Karl von Löwis of Menar: Burgenlexikon für Alt-Livland; Riga, 1922.
- ↑ MJB. 14 (1849) documents on the history of the religious knightly orders of Livonia and Prussia. No. III, p. 197.
- ↑ Friedrich Lisch: The German Ordenshof zu Wismar, pp. 24–30; in: Mecklenburgisches Jahrbuch. MJB. 14 (1849).
- ^ Karl von Löwis of Menar: Burgenlexikon für Alt-Livland; Riga, 1922.
- ^ Karl von Löwis of Menar: Burgenlexikon für Alt-Livland; Riga, 1922.
- ^ Tuulse: The castles of the Teutonic Order in Latvia and Estonia, 1942.
- ^ Karl von Löwis of Menar: Burgenlexikon für Alt-Livland; Riga, 1922.
- ↑ Lutz Fenske u. Klaus Militzer: The Knight Brothers in the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order, Böhlau-Verlag, Cologne, 1993.
- ↑ Erich Weise (Ed.): Handbook of Historic Places - East and West Prussia, p. 3f; Stuttgart 1966.
- ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of Prussia, from the oldest times to the fall of the rule of the Teutonic Order, 2nd volume, p. 283 ff: The time from the arrival of the order to peace in 1249, Königsberg, 1827.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 200; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Robert Albinus: Lexicon of the City of Königsberg Pr. And Surroundings, Rautenberg, Leer 1985.
- ↑ Kuczyński S, Wielka wojna z zakonem krzyżackim "The Great War with the Teutonic Order", p. 247; ed. Ministry of Defense, Warsaw, 1987.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 199; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of Prussia, from the oldest times to the fall of the rule of the Teutonic Order, Volume 2: The time from the arrival of the Order to Peace 1249, p. 290; Koenigsberg 1827.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent, p. 425; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Chronicle of Peter of Duisburg.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 198; Vienna 1955.
- ^ Emil Steffenhagen: From Old Prussia legal history. III. The Kulmer Oberhof. IV. Lübische legal instructions. In: Old Prussian Monthly Journal, Volume 3, pp. 229–256; Koenigsberg 1866.
- ↑ Tomasz Torbus: The Convention castles in the German Teutonic Order Prussia; Oldenbourg Publishing House; Munich 1998.
- ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times, p. 200; Vienna 1955.
- ↑ Ryszard Boguwolski u. Andrzej Kola: Zamek pokrzyżacki w Rogóźnie ("German: Die Kreuzritterburg in Roggenhausen"), Graudenz, 1997.
- ^ Marian Biskup: Visitations in the Teutonic Order in the Middle Ages, Part I, p. 200; Marburg, 2002.
- ↑ http://www.bernievancastle.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1093
- ^ Romuald Frydrychowicz: History of the city, the Komthurei and Starostei Tuchel; Berlin, 1879.
literature
- Rudolf Fendler: The Teutonic Order of Einsiedel and its relations with the city of Kaiserslautern , printed in Otterbach 2003.
- Hans-Peter Lachmann: The German Order in Hessen , Marburg, 1983.
- Dieter J. Weiss: The history of the Deutschordens-Ballei Franconia in the Middle Ages , Neustadt 1991.
- Marjan Tumler: The German Order in becoming, growing and working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent time , Vienna 1955.
- Hans Jürgen Dorn: T he Deutschordensballei Westfalen , (sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, vol. 26), Marburg 1978.
- JA Mol: De Friese Huizenvan de Duitse Orde , Leeuwarden 1998.
- Deutschordensballei Sachsen , Bad Mergentheim 2000.
- Bernhard Demel: Unknown Aspects of the History of the Teutonic Order , Vienna 2006.
- Ekhard Schöffler: The German Order Coming Münnerstadt , Marburg 1991.
- Thomas Pester: Although the knights have disappeared ... The old Zwatzen and the German Order , Part 1, ed. von Kulturlandschaft Zwätze e. V. 2007 ( ISBN 978-3-930128-85-3 ). Part 2, 2009 ( ISBN 978-3-00-025801-5 ).
- Series of publications by the cultural landscape association Zwatzen