List of Heads of State 1988

Overview
◄◄ | ◄ | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | List of Heads of State 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | ► | ►►
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Africa

Egypt
- Head of State: President Husni Mubarak (1981–2011) (1981–1982 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Atif Muhammad Nagib Sidqi (1986–1996)

Algeria
- Head of State: President Chadli Bendjedid (1979–1992)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Abdelhamid Brahimi (1984–5 November 1988)
  - Prime Minister Kasdi Merbah (November 5, 1988–1989)

Angola
- Head of State and Government: President José Eduardo dos Santos (1979–2017)

Equatorial Guinea

Head of State: President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (since 1979) (until 1982 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Cristino Seriche Malabo Bioko (1982–1992)

Ethiopia
- Head of State: President Mengistu Haile Mariam ( 1974 , 1977–1991) (until 1987 Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Council)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Fikre Selassie Wogderess (1987–1989)

Benin
- Head of State and Government: President Mathieu Kérékou (1972–1991, 1996–2006 )

Botswana
- Head of State or Government: President Quett Masire (1980–1998)

Burkina Faso
- Head of State or Government: President Blaise Compaoré (1987-2014)

Burundi
- Head of State: President Pierre Buyoya (1987–1993, 1996–2003 )
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Adrien Sibomana (October 19, 1988–1993) (new office created in 1988)

Djibouti
- Head of State: President Hassan Gouled Aptidon (1977–1999) (1977 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Barkat Gourad Hamadou (1978-2001)

Ivory Coast
- Head of State and Government: President Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1960–1993)

Gabon
- Head of State: President Omar Bongo (1967–2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Léon Mébiame (1975–1990)

Gambia
- Head of State and Government: President Dawda Jawara (1970–1994) (Prime Minister 1965–1970)

Ghana
- Head of State and Government: Chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council Jerry Rawlings ( 1979 , 1981–2001) (from 1993 President)

Guinea
- Head of State and Government: President Lansana Conté (1984–2008)

Guinea-Bissau
- Head of State and Government: President João Bernardo Vieira ( 1980–1984 , 1984–1999, 2005–2009 ) (1978–1980 Prime Minister)

Cameroon
- Head of State or Government: President Paul Biya (since 1982)

Cape Verde
- Head of State: President Aristides Pereira (1975–1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pedro Pires (1975–1991) (2001–2011 President)

Kenya
- Head of State and Government: President Daniel Arap Moi (1978–2002)

Comoros
- Head of State and Government: Chairman of the Military-Political Directorate Ahmed Abdallah ( 1975 , 1978–1989)

People's Republic of the Congo (1960–1970 Congo-Brazzaville ; from 1992 Republic of the Congo )
- Head of State: President Denis Sassou-Nguesso (1979–1992, since 1997)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ange Édouard Poungui (1984–1989)

Lesotho
- Head of State: King Moshoeshoe II ( 1966–1970 , 1970–1990, 1995–1996 )
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Military Council Justin Metsing Lekhanya (1986–1991)

Liberia
- Head of State and Government: President Samuel K. Doe (1980–1990) (until 1984 Chairman of the People's Redemption Council)

Libya
- Revolutionary leader: Muammar al-Gaddafi (1969–2011) (1969–1979 General Secretary of the General People's Congress)
- Head of State: General Secretary of the General People's Congress Miftah al-Usta Umar (1984–1990)
- Head of Government: General Secretary of the General People's Committee Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir (1987–1990)

Madagascar
- Head of State: President Didier Ratsiraka (1975–1993, 1997–2002 )
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Désiré Rakotoarijaona (1977–12 February 1988)
  - Prime Minister Victor Ramahatra (February 12, 1988–1991)

Malawi
- Head of State and Government: President Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1966–1994) (Prime Minister 1964–1966)

Mali

Head of State: President Moussa Traoré (1968–1991)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Mamadou Dembelé (1986–6 June 1988) (office abolished)

Morocco
- Head of State: King Hassan II (1961–1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Azzedine Laraki (1986–1992)

Mauritania

Head of State: President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (1984–2005) (1981–1984, Prime Minister 1984–1992)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya ( 1981–1984 , 1984–1992) (1984–2005 President)

Mauritius

Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1968–1992)
Governor General: Veerasamy Ringadoo (1986–1992) (1992 President)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Anerood Jugnauth (1982–1995, 2000–2003, 2014–2017 ) (2003–2012 President)

Mozambique

Head of State: President Joaquim Alberto Chissano (1986-2005)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Mário Fernandes da Graça Machungo (1976–1994)

Niger
- Head of State: President of the Supreme Military Council Ali Saibou (1987–1993) (President from 1989)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Hamid Algabid (1983–15 July 1988)
  - Prime Minister Mamane Oumarou ( 1983 , July 15, 1988–1989)

Nigeria
- Head of State and Government: President of the Governing Council of the Armed Forces Ibrahim Babangida (1985–1993)

Rwanda
- Head of State and Government: President Juvénal Habyarimana (1973–1994)

Zambia
- Head of State: President Kenneth Kaunda (1964–1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kebby Musokotwane (1985-1989)

Sao Tome and Principe
- Head of State: President Manuel Pinto da Costa (1975–1991, 2011–2016 )
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Celestino Rocha da Costa (January 8, 1988–1991) (newly created office)

Senegal
- Head of State and Government: President Abdou Diouf (1981–2000) (1970–1980 Prime Minister)

Seychelles
- Head of State and Government: President France-Albert René (1977–2004) (1976–1977 Prime Minister)

Sierra Leone
- Head of State or Government: President Joseph Saidu Momoh (1985–1992)

Zimbabwe
- Head of State and Government: President Robert Mugabe (1987–2017) (1980–1987 Prime Minister)

Somalia
- Head of State: President Siad Barre (1969–1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mohammed Ali Samatar (1987–1990)

South Africa
- Head of State and Government: President Pieter Willem Botha (1984–1989) (1978–1984 Prime Minister)

Sudan
- Head of State: Chairman of the Military Transitional Council Ahmad al-Mirghani (1986–1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi ( 1966–1967 , 1986–1989)

Swaziland

Head of State: King Mswari III. (since 1986)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Sotsha Dlamini (1986–1989)

Tanzania
- Head of State: President Ali Hassan Mwinyi (1985–1995)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Joseph Sinde Warioba (1985–1990)

Togo
- Head of State and Government: President Gnassingbé Eyadéma (1967–2005)

Chad
- Head of State and Government: President Hissène Habré (1982–1990) (1978–1979 Prime Minister)

Tunisia
- Head of State: President Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali (1987–2011) (Prime Minister 1987)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hédi Baccouche (1987–1989)

Uganda

Head of State: President Yoweri Museveni (since 1986)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Samson Kisekka (1986–1991)

Western Sahara (controversial)
- Head of State: President Mohamed Abdelaziz (1976-2016) (in exile)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed ( 1976–1982 , 1985–16 August 1988) (in exile)
  - Prime Minister Mahfoud Ali Beiba ( 1982–1985 , August 16, 1988–1993, 1995–1999 ) (in exile)

Zaïre (until 1964 Congo-Léopoldville , 1964–1971, since 1997 Democratic Republic of the Congo )
- Head of State: President Mobutu Sese Seko (1965–1997)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Mabi Mulumba (1987–7 March 1988)
  - Prime Minister Sambwa Pida Nbagui (March 7, 1988 to November 26, 1988)
  - Prime Minister Kengo Wa Dondo ( 1982–1986 , November 26, 1988–1990, 1994–1997 )

Central African Republic
- Head of State and Government: President André Kolingba (1981–1993) (until 1985 Chairman of the Military Committee for National Reconstruction)

America

North America

Canada
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Governor General : Jeanne Sauvé (1984–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Brian Mulroney (1984–1993)

Mexico
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (1982–30 November 1988)
  - President Carlos Salinas de Gortari (December 1, 1988–1994)

United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President Ronald Reagan (1981–1989)

Central America

Antigua and Barbuda
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
  - Governor General Wilfred E. Jacobs (1981–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Vere Cornwall Bird (1981–1994)

Bahamas
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1973)
  - Governor General :
    - Gerald Cash (1979-26 June 1988)
    - Henry Milton Taylor (June 26, 1988–1992)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Lynden O. Pindling (1973–1992)

Barbados
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1966)
  - Governor General : Hugh Springer (1984–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Lloyd Erskine Sandiford (1987–1994)

Belize
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
  - Governor General : Minita Gordon (1981–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Manuel Esquivel (1984–1989, 1993–1998 )

Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Óscar Arias Sánchez (1986–1990, 2006–2010 )

Dominica
- Head of State: President Clarence A. Seignoret (1983–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Eugenia Charles (1980–1995)

Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government: President Joaquín Balaguer ( 1960–1962, 1966–1978 , 1986–1996)

El Salvador
- Head of State and Government: President José Napoleón Duarte (1984–1989)

Grenada
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
  - Governor General : Paul Scoon (1978–1992)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Herbert Blaize (1984–1989)

Guatemala
- Head of State and Government: President Marco Vinicio Cerezo Arévalo (1986–1991)

Haiti
- Head of State:
  - Chairman of the National Government Council Henri Namphy (1986–7 February 1988, 1988 )
  - President Leslie Manigat (February 7, 1988 to June 20, 1988)
  - President Henri Namphy ( 1986–1988 , June 20, 1988 to September 17, 1988)
  - President Prosper Avril (September 17, 1988–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Martial Célestin (February 9, 1988 to June 20, 1988)

Honduras
- Head of State and Government: President José Simón Azcona del Hoyo (1986–1990)

Jamaica
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1962)
  - Governor General : Florizel Glasspole (1973–1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Edward Seaga (1980–1989)

Cuba
Head of State and Head of Government: President of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers Fidel Castro (1976-2008) (1959-1976 Prime Minister)

Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President Daniel Ortega (1985–1990, since 2007 ) (1979–2005 member of the government junta for national reconstruction)

Panama
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Erick Arturo del Valle (1985– February 26, 1988)
  - President Manuel Solís Palma (February 26, 1988–1989) (acting)

St. Kitts and Nevis
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1983)
  - Governor General Clement Athelston Arrindell (1983–1995)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kennedy Simmonds (1983–1995)

St. Lucia
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
  - Governor General :
    - Senate President Vincent Floissac (1987-10 October 1988) (acting)
    - Stanislaus A. James (October 10, 1988–1996)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister John Compton (1982–1996, 2006–2007 )

St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
  - Governor General :
  - Joseph Lambert Eustace (1985–29 February 1988)
  - Henry Harvey Williams (February 29, 1988–1989) (Acting)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister James Fitz-Allen Mitchell (1984–2000)

Trinidad and Tobago
- Head of State: President Noor Hassanali (1987–1997)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Arthur NR Robinson (1986–1991)

South America

Argentina
- Head of State and Government: President Raúl Alfonsín (1983–1989)

Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President Víctor Paz Estenssoro ( 1952–1956, 1960–1964 , 1985–1989)

Brazil
- Head of State and Government: President José Sarney (1985–1990)

Chile
- Head of State and Government: President Augusto Pinochet (1974–1990)

Ecuador
- Head of State and Government:
  - President León Febres Cordero (1984-10 August 1988)
  - President Rodrigo Borja (August 10, 1988–1992)

Guyana
- Head of State: President Hugh Desmond Hoyte (1985–1992) (1984–1985 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hamilton Green (1985–1992)

Colombia
- Head of State and Government: President Virgilio Barco Vargas (1986–1990)

Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Alfredo Stroessner (1954–1989)

Peru
- Head of State: President Alan García (1985–1990, 2006–2011 )
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Guillermo Larco Cox (1987–17 May 1988, 1989–1990 )
  - Prime Minister Armando Villanueva del Campo (May 17, 1988–1989)

Suriname
- Head of state:
  - President Ramdat Misier (1982– January 25, 1988)
  - President Ramsewak Shankar (January 25, 1988–1990)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Jules Albert Wijdenbosch (1987–26 December 1988, 1991 ) (1996–2000 President)
  - Vice President: Henck AE Arron ( 1975–1980 , December 26, 1988–1990)

Uruguay
- Head of State and Government: President Julio María Sanguinetti (1985–1990, 1995–2000 )

Venezuela
- Head of State and Government: President Jaime Lusinchi (1984–1989)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bangladesh
- Head of State: President Hossain Mohammad Ershad ( 1982 , 1983–1990)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury (1986-27 March 1988)
  - Prime Minister Moudud Ahmed (March 27, 1988–1989)

Bhutan
- Head of State and Government: King Jigme Singye Wangchuck (1972-2006)

Brunei
- Head of State and Government: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (since 1967)

Burma (now Myanmar )
- Head of State:
  - President San Yu (1981– July 15, 1988)
  - President Sein Lwin (July 25, 1988 to August 12, 1988)
  - President Aye Ko (August 12, 1988 to August 19, 1988) (Acting)
  - President Maung Maung (August 19, 1988 to September 18, 1988)
  - Chairman of the State Council for Peace and Development Saw Maung (September 18, 1988–1992) (Minister-President 1988–1992)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Maung Maung Kha (1977–26 July 1988)
  - Prime Minister Tun Tin (July 26, 1988 to September 18, 1988)
  - Prime Minister Saw Maung (September 21, 1988–1992) (1988–1992 Chairman of the State Council for Peace and Development)

Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Head of State:
  - President Chiang Ching-kuo (1978–13 January 1988) (1972–1978 Prime Minister)
  - President Lee Teng-hui (January 13, 1988–2000)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Yu Kuo-hwa (1984–1989)

China
- Party leader: General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Zhao Ziyang (1987–1989) (1980–1987 Prime Minister)
- Head of State:
  - President Li Xiannian (1983– April 8, 1988)
  - President Yang Shangkun (April 8, 1988–1993)
- Head of government: Prime Minister Li Peng (1987–1998) (provisional until April 9, 1988)

India
- Head of State: President R. Venkataraman (1987–1992)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi (1984–1989)

Indonesia
- Head of State and Government: President Suharto (1967–1998)

Japan
- Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Takeshita Noboru (1987–1989)

Cambodia
- Head of State: Chairman of the State Council Heng Samrin (1979–1992) (until 1981 President of the Revolutionary People's Council)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hun Sen (since 1985)

North Korea
- Chairman of the National Defense Commission : Kim Il-sung (1948–1994)
- Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly : Kim Il-sung (1972–1994)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Ri Kŭn-mo (1986-12 December 1988)
  - Prime Minister Yon Hyong-muk (December 12, 1988–1992)

South Korea
- Head of State:
  - President Chun Doo-hwan (1980– February 25, 1988)
  - President Roh Tae-woo (February 25, 1988–1993)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Kim Jeong-ryeol (1987–25 February 1988)
  - Prime Minister Lee Hyun-jae (February 15, 1988 to December 5, 1988) (provisional until March 2, 1988)
  - Prime Minister Kang Young-hoon (December 5, 1988–1990)

Laos

Head of State: President Souphanouvong (1975–1991)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Kaysone Phomvihane (1975–1991) (1991–1992 President)

Malaysia
- Head of State: Supreme Ruler Mahmud Iskandar Al-Haj (1984–1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad (1981–2003, 2018–2020 )

Maldives
- Head of State or Government: President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom (1978–2008)

Nepal

Head of State: King Birendra (1972-2001)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Marich Man Singh Shrestha (1986–1990)

Pakistan
- Head of State:
  - President Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq (1978–17 August 1988) (1988 Prime Minister)
  - President Ghulam Ishaq Khan (August 17, 1988–1993) (acting until December 12, 1988)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Muhammad Khan Junejo (1985–29 May 1988)
  - Prime Minister Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq (June 9, 1988 to August 17, 1988) (President 1978–1988)
  - Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto (1988–1990, 1993–1996 )

Philippines
- Head of State and Government: President Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)

Singapore
- Head of State: President Wee Kim Wee (1985–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew (1959–1990)

Sri Lanka
- Head of State: President Junius Richard Jayawardene (1978–1989) (1977–1978 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ranasinghe Premadasa (1978–1989)

Thailand
- Head of State: King Rama IX. Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946-2016)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda (1980–4 August 1988)
  - Prime Minister Chatichai Choonhavan (August 4, 1988–1991)

Vietnam
- Head of State: Chairman of the State Council Võ Chí Công (1987–1992)
- Head of Government:
  - Chairman of the Council of Ministers Phạm Hùng (1987-10 March 1988)
  - Chairman of the Council of Ministers Võ Văn Kiệt (March 10, 1988 to June 22, 1988, 1992–1997 ) (acting)
  - Chairman of the Council of Ministers Đỗ Mười (June 22, 1988–1991)

Middle East

Bahrain
- Head of State: Emir Isa II. (1971–1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)

Iraq
- Head of State and Government: President Saddam Hussein (1979-2003)

Iran
- Religious head: Supreme legal scholar Ruhollah Khomeini (1980–1989)
- Head of State: President Ali Chamene'i (1981–1989) (since 1989 chief legal scholar)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mir Hossein Mousavi (1981–1989)

Israel
- Head of State: President Chaim Herzog (1983–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Yitzchak Shamir ( 1983–1984 , 1986–1992)

North Yemen
- Head of State: President Ali Abdullah Salih (1978–1990) (1990–2012 President of Yemen)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abd al-Aziz Abd al-Ghani ( 1975–1980 , 1983–1990) (1994–1997 Prime Minister of Yemen)

South Yemen
- Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas (1986–1990) (Prime Minister 1985–1986; Prime Minister of Yemen 1990–1994)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Yasin Said Numan (1986–1990)

Jordan
- Head of State: King Hussein (1952–1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Zaid ar-Rifaʿi ( 1973–1976 , 1985–1989)

Qatar
- Head of State and Government: Emir Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972–1995)

Kuwait

Head of State: Emir Jabir III. (1977–2006) ( 1962–1963, 1965–1978 Prime Minister )

Head of Government: Prime Minister Sa'ad al-Abdallah as-Salim as-Sabah (1978-2003) (2006 Emir)

Lebanon
- Head of State:
  - President Amin Gemayel (1982-22 September 1988)
  - Prime Minister Selim al-Hoss (September 23, 1988–1989, 1989 ) (acting)
- Head of Government: (1988–1990 controversial)
  - Prime Minister Selim al-Hoss ( 1976–1980 , 1987–1990, 1998–2000 )
  - Prime Minister Michel Aoun (September 23, 1988–1990) (Head of the Military Government)

Oman
- Head of State and Government: Sultan Qaboos ibn Said (1970–2020)

Saudi Arabia
- Head of State and Government: King Fahd ibn Abd al-Aziz (1982-2005)

Syria

Head of State: President Hafiz al-Assad (1971–2000) (1970–1971 Prime Minister)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Mahmud Zuabi (1987–2000)

Turkey
- Head of State: President Kenan Evren (1980–1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Turgut Özal (1983–1989) (1989–1993 President)

United Arab Emirates
- Head of State: President Zayid bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1971–2004) (1966–2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Raschid bin Said Al Maktum (1979–1990) (1958–1990 Emir of Dubai)

Central Asia

Afghanistan
- Head of State: President Mohammed Najibullah (1987–1992)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Sultan Ali Keschtmand (1981–26 May 1988, 1989–1990 )
  - Prime Minister Mohammad Hasan Scharq (May 26, 1988–1989)

Mongolia
- Head of State: Chairman of the Great People's Chural Dschambyn Batmönch (1984–1990) (1974–1984 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Dumaagiin Sodnom (1984–1990)

Australia and Oceania

Australia
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Governor General : Ninian Stephen (1982-1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Bob Hawke (1983-1991)

Cook Islands (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965)
  - Queen's Representative: Tangaroa Tangaroa (1984–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pupuke Robati (1987-1989)

Fiji
- Head of State: President Penaia Ganilau (1987–1993) (1983–1987 Governor General)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kamisese Mara ( 1970–1987 , 1987–1992) (1993–2000 President)

Kiribati
- Head of State or Government: President Ieremia Tabai ( 1979–1982 , 1983–1991)

Marshall Islands
- Head of State and Government: President Amata Kabua (1986–1996)

Micronesia
Head of State or Government: President John Haglelgam (1987–1991)

Nauru
- Head of State and Government: President Hammer DeRoburt ( 1968–1976, 1978–1986, 1986 , 1986–1989)

New Zealand
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Governor General : Paul Reeves (1985–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister David Lange (1984–1989)

Niue (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
  - Queen's Representative: Governor General of New Zealand
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Robert Rex (1974–1992)

Papua New Guinea
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1975)
  - Governor General : Kingsford Dibela (1983–1989)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Paias Wingti (1985–4 July 1988, 1992–1994 )
  - Prime Minister Rabbie Namaliu (July 4, 1988–1992)

Solomon Islands
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
  - Governor General :
    - Baddeley Devesi (1978–7 July 1988)
    - George Lepping (July 7, 1988–1994)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ezekiel Alebua (1986–1989)

Tonga
- Head of State: King Taufaʻahau Tupou IV. (1970-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake (1970–1991)

Tuvalu
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
  - Governor General : Tupua Leupena (1986–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Tomasi Puapua (1981–1989)

Vanuatu
- Head of State: President Ati George Sokomanu ( 1980–1984 , 1984–1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Walter Hadye Lini (1980–1991)

Western Samoa (today Samoa )
- Head of State: O le Ao o le Malo Tanumafili II. (1962-2007)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Va'ai Kolone ( 1982 , 1985–8 April 1988)
  - Prime Minister Tofilau Eti Alesana ( 1982–1985 , April 8, 1988–1998)

Europe

Albania
- Party leader: 1st Secretary of the Albanian Labor Party Ramiz Alia (1985–1991) (Head of State 1982–1992)
- Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly Ramiz Alia (1982–1992) (1991–1992 President) (1985–1991 party leader)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Adil Çarçani (1981–1991)

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - President of France : François Mitterrand (1981–1995)
  - Bishop of Urgell : Joan Martí Alanís (1971-2003)
- Head of Government: District President Josep Pintat-Solans (1984–1990)

Belgium
- Head of State: King Baudouin I (1951–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Wilfried Martens ( 1979–1981 , 1981–1992)

Bulgaria
- Party leader: General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party Todor Zhivkov (1954–1989) (1971–1989 Chairman of the Council of State) (1962–1971 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
- Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Todor Zhivkow (1971–1989) (1954–1989 party leader) (1962–1971 Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Georgi Atanasov (1986–1990)

Denmark
- Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Poul Schlüter (1982–1993)
- Faroe Islands (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
  - Representative of the Danish government:
    - Reichsombudsman Niels Bentsen (1981–1988)
    - Reichsombudsman Bent Klinte (1988–1995)
  - Head of Government: Prime Minister Atli P. Dam ( 1970–1981 , 1985–1989, 1991–1993 )
- Greenland (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
  - Representative of the Danish government: Reichsombudsmann Torben Hede Pedersen (1979–1992)
  - Head of Government: Prime Minister Jonathan Motzfeldt (1979–1991, 1997–2002 )

Federal Republic of Germany
- Head of State: Federal President Richard von Weizsäcker (1984–1994)
- Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl (1982–1998)

German Democratic Republic
- Party leader: General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED Erich Honecker (1971–1989) (1976–1989 Chairman of the State Council)
- Head of State: Chairman of the Council of State Erich Honecker (1976–1989) (1971–1989 party leader)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Willi Stoph ( 1964–1973 , 1976–1989) (1973–1976 Chairman of the State Council)

Finland
- Head of State: President Mauno Koivisto (1982–1994) (1968–1970, 1979–1982 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Harri Holkeri (1987–1991)

France
- Head of State: President François Mitterrand (1981–1995)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Jacques Chirac ( 1974–1976 , 1986–10 May 1988) (1995–2007 President)
  - Prime Minister Michel Rocard (May 10, 1988–1991)

Greece
- Head of State: President Christos Sartzetakis (1985–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou (1981–1989, 1993–1996 )

Ireland
- Head of State: President Patrick Hillery (1976–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Charles J. Haughey ( 1979–1981, 1982 , 1987–1992)

Iceland
- Head of State: President Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (1980–1996)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Þorsteinn Pálsson (1987–28 September 1988)
  - Prime Minister Steingrímur Hermannsson ( 1983–1987 , September 28, 1988–1991)

Italy
- Head of State: President Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) (1979–1980 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Giovanni Goria (1987-13 April 1988)
  - Prime Minister Ciriaco De Mita (April 13, 1988–1989)

Yugoslavia
- Head of State:
  - Chairman of the Presidium Lazar Mojsov (1987–15 May 1988)
  - Chairman of the Presidium Raif Dizdarević (May 15, 1988–1989)
- Head of Government: President of the Executive Federal Council Branko Mikulić (1986–1989)

Channel Islands
- guernsey
  - Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
    - Vice Governor: Alexander Boswell (1985–1990)
- jersey
  - Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
    - Lieutenant Governor: William Pillar (1985–1990)

Liechtenstein
- Head of State: Prince Franz Josef II. (1938–1989)
- Head of Government : Hans Brunhart (1978–1993)

Luxembourg
- Head of State: Grand Duke Jean (1964–2000)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jacques Santer (1984–1995)

Malta
- Head of State: President Paul Xuereb (1987–1989) (acting)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Edward Fenech Adami (1987–1996, 1998–2004 ) (2004–2009 President)

Isle of Man
- Head of State: Lord of Man Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Lieutenant Governor : Laurence New (1985–1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Miles Walker (1986-1996)

Monaco

Head of State: Prince : Rainier III. (1949-2005)

Head of Government: Minister of State Jean Ausseil (1985–1991)

Netherlands
- Head of State: Queen Beatrix (1980-2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers (1982–1994)

Norway
- Head of State: King Olav V (1957–1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland ( 1981 , 1986–1989, 1990–1996 )

Austria
- Head of State: Federal President Kurt Waldheim (1986–1992)
- Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Franz Vranitzky (1986–1997)

Poland
- Party leader: 1st Secretary Wojciech Jaruzelski (1981–1989) (1985–1990 Head of State) (1981–1985 Prime Minister)
- Head of State: Chairman of the State Council Wojciech Jaruzelski (1985–1990) (1981–1990 party leader), (1981–1985 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Zbigniew Messner (1985–27 September 1988)
  - Prime Minister Mieczysław Rakowski (September 27, 1988–1989) (1989–1990 party leader)

Portugal
- Head of State: President Mário Soares (1986–1996) (1976–1978, Prime Minister 1983–1985)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva (1985–1995) (President since 2006)

Romania
- Party leader: General Secretary Nicolae Ceaușescu (1965–1989) (1967–1989 Head of State)
- Head of State: President Nicolae Ceaușescu (1967–1989) (1965–1989 party leader)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Constantin Dăscălescu (1982–1989)

San Marino
- Head of State: Capitani Reggenti
  - Rossano Zafferani ( 1980–1981 , October 1, 1987 to April 1, 1988) and Gian Franco Terenzi (October 1, 1987 to April 1, 1988, 2000–2001, 2006, 2014–2015 )
  - Umberto Barulli (April 1, 1988 to October 1, 1988) and Rosolino Martelli ( 1972–1973 , April 1, 1988 to October 1, 1988)
  - Luciano Cardelli (October 1, 1988 to April 1, 1989) and Reves Salvatori (October 1, 1988 to April 1, 1989)

Sweden
- Head of State: King Carl XVI. Gustaf (since 1973)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson (1986–1991, 1994–1996 )

Switzerland
- Federal President : Otto Stich (1988, 1994 )
- Federal Council :
  - Otto Stich (1984–1995)
  - Jean-Pascal Delamuraz (1984-1998)
  - Elisabeth Kopp (1984–1989)
  - Flavio Cotti (1987-1999)
  - Arnold Koller (1987-1999)
  - René Felber (January 1, 1988–1993)
  - Adolf Ogi (January 1, 1988–2000)

Soviet Union
- Party leader: General Secretary of the CPSU Mikhail Gorbachev (1985–1991) (1988–1989 head of state)
- Head of State:
  - Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Andrei Gromyko (1985–1 October 1988)
  - Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev (October 1, 1988–1991) (1985–1991 party leader)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Nikolai Ryschkow (1985–1991)

Spain
- Head of State: King Juan Carlos I (1975-2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Felipe González (1982–1996)

Czechoslovakia
- Party leader: Chairman Milouš Jakeš (1987–1989)
- Head of State: President Gustáv Husák (1975–1989) (1669–1987 party leader)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Lubomír Štrougal (1970–11 October 1988)
  - Prime Minister Ladislav Adamec (October 11, 1988–1989) (1989–1990 party leader)

Hungary

Party leader:

General Secretary of the Hungarian Working People's Party János Kádár (1956–22 May 1988) (1956–1958, Prime Minister 1961–1965)

General Secretary of the Party of Hungarian Working People Károly Grósz (May 22, 1988–1989) (Prime Minister 1987–1988)

Head of State:

Chairman of the Presidency Council Károly Németh (1987–29 June 1988)

Chairman of the Presidency Council Brúnó Straub (June 29, 1988–1989)

Head of Government:

Prime Minister Károly Grósz (1987–23 November 1988) (1988–1989 party leader)

Prime Minister Miklós Németh (November 23, 1988–1990)

Vatican city

Head of State: Pope John Paul II (1978-2005)

Head of Government: President of the Governorate Sebastiano Baggio (1984–1990)

United Kingdom
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) (crowned 1953)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1979–1990)

Republic of Cyprus
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Spyros Kyprianou (1977– February 28, 1988)
  - President Georges Vassiliou (February 28, 1988–1993)
- Northern Cyprus (not internationally recognized)
  - Head of State: President Rauf Denktaş (1983-2005)
  - Head of Government: Prime Minister Derviş Eroğlu (1985–1994, 1996–2004, 2009–2010 ) (2010–2015 President)

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are areas that are directly under the British Crown. They are not part of the UK.
↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares

[kronbesitz-1] The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are areas that are directly under the British Crown. They are not part of the UK.

[2] The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares