Wiener Strasse (Austria)
| State road B1a in Austria | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Overall length: | 2.0 km | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| State road B1b in Austria | |||||||||||||
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| Overall length: | 1.2 km | ||||||||||||
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The Wienerstraße B 1 is a main road B in Vienna and a country road B in Lower Austria , Upper Austria and Salzburg . In total, it covers 326 km. Until 2002 it was a federal highway - hence the B in front of the street number - which preceded the imperial and imperial roads .
It crosses the country in an east-west direction, leads from Vienna , Urania , via St. Pölten and Linz to Salzburg and ends at the state border with Germany on the Walserberg . The A 1 western motorway, which was built later, runs parallel to it over long stretches .
From the B 1, the B 1a (Wiener Strasse junction St. Pölten) and the B 1b (Wiener Strasse junction Linz) branch off. The course of the B 1 from Vienna to Linz roughly corresponds to the course of the Roman Reichsstraße behind the Danube Limes .
The term Wiener Straße is also used in many places as a name for streets leading to Vienna, also in other languages (e.g. Dunajska Cesta in Laibach , Strada per Vienna in Trieste , Viedenská cesta in Pressburg and Vídeňská in Brno ).
Course of the road
As a former main traffic artery, the B1 connects many important cities between Vienna and Salzburg. Over time, bypasses were built around cities such as St. Pölten, Melk, Amstetten, Enns, Traun, Wels, Schwanenstadt, Vöcklabruck, Salzburg, etc., which are now also surrounded by buildings. The old course of the street over the main squares can still be guessed at.
Course of the road within Vienna
Almost along the entire course of the B 1 in Vienna, the street or the Wienfluss bordered by its directional lanes marks the boundaries between Vienna's municipal districts.
West exit
Vordere Zollamtsstraße (junction B 8, B 227) - Am Stadtpark - Am Heumarkt - Johannesgasse - Lothringerstraße - Karlsplatz - Friedrichstraße - Linke Wienzeile (junction with Wiener Gürtel Straße B 221, junction B 224) - Hadikgasse - Wientalstraße - Hauptstraße (junction with B 223)
West entrance
Hauptstraße - Wientalstraße (exit A 1) - Hackinger Kai - Hietzinger Kai - Schönbrunner Schlossstraße (junction B 224) - Schönbrunner Straße (intersection with Wiener Gürtel Straße B 221) - Redergasse - right Wienzeile - Hamburgerstraße - right Wienzeile - Friedrichstraße - Karlsplatz - Lothringerstraße - Johannesgasse - Am Heumarkt - Am Stadtpark - Vordere Zollamtsstraße (B 8, B 227)
Road course in Lower Austria
Coming from the Wiental, the B 1 crosses the Riederberg, touches the Tullnerfeld and immediately turns into the Perschlingtal. After crossing the Traisen in St. Pölten, it leads in the Pielachtal to Melk and on via Amstetten and the Strengberge into the Ennstal, where it leads in Enns to Upper Austria.
Road course in Upper Austria
Coming from Lower Austria via Enns, the B 1 leads to Linz, from where it leads to the city center as the B 1b and points as an extension of the country road and across the main square to the Nibelungen Bridge. From Linz the B 1 runs in the Traun valley via Traun and Wels to Vöcklabruck in the valley of the Ager and arrives in the valley of the Vöckla and over the southern foothills of the Kobernaußerwald to Straßwalchen in Salzburg.
Course of the road in Salzburg
Coming from Upper Austria via Straßwalchen, the B 1 leads south past Wallersee into the city of Salzburg, crosses the urban area and ends in the municipality of Wals-Siezenheim am Walserberg . In the urban area it is called Linzer Bundesstrasse. The historic center of the city of Salzburg is bypassed to the north. Historically, the B1 ran along today's Schallmooser Hauptstrasse, which was formerly called Linzer Strasse, and crossed the Salzach with the state bridge .
meaning
After the expansion of the western autobahn, the B 1 only has regional significance, which is why it has also been dismantled in many localities or is generously provided with speed restrictions. Even if the B 1 is heavily frequented, especially in the greater Linz area, it is largely source and destination traffic and not transit traffic.
For non-autobahn traffic, i.e. bicycles, mopeds and wagons, the B1 is still the trunk road. Vehicles up to 3.5 t GVW without a motorway vignette (since 1997) and heavier trucks that want to avoid the motorway kilometer toll (since 2004) can move here, provided that truck driving bans are not locally prohibited.
There are other reasons to avoid or leave the motorway:
- To be able to see more of the landscape without noise barriers.
- To get through the town centers to go to shops and restaurants.
- To fill up with fuel much cheaper.
history
precursor
The term Wiener (Reichs-) Straße was used in the western half of Austria-Hungary and in the First Republic for supra-regional roads leading to Vienna that were preserved by the state as a whole. In the opposite direction, these streets were named after their regional destinations. The 175 km long road between Vienna and Linz was called Linzer Reichsstraße (today Linzer Straße ) in Lower Austria, whereas in Upper Austria it was called Wiener Reichsstraße (today Wiener Straße ).
Analogously, the 120 km long road between Linz and Salzburg in Upper Austria was called Salzburger Reichsstraße (today Wiener Straße , next to Linz and in the west however Salzburger Bundesstraße ), in Salzburg, however, Linzer Reichsstraße (today Wiener Straße , next to the city of Salzburg but Linzer Bundesstraße or . Innsbrucker Bundesstrasse ). The former Reichsstraßen on the territory of the republic founded in 1918 have been known as federal roads since 1921.
After the so-called connection to the German Reich in 1938, these roads were converted back into Reichsstraßen on April 1, 1940 as part of the standardization of the road system . The route from Passau via Linz to Vienna became part of the German Reichsstrasse 8 , the route between Linz and Salzburg became part of the German Reichsstrasse 31 .
In 2002 all former federal highways were handed over to state administration, and the "federal" was removed from the name. In Salzburg it still bears the street names Linzer and Innsbrucker Bundesstraße despite the renaming to the class within the city area , since addresses are not necessarily related to the national route names .
Wiener Strasse (1948–1971)
From 1948 to 1971 the 634 km long road between Vienna and Bregenz, which almost completely crosses Austria, was continuously referred to as B 1 Wiener Straße . It ran between the city of Salzburg and Lofer as a transit route across German territory ( Kleines Deutsches Eck ).
Wiener Strasse (since 1971)
Since 1971 only the 326 km long route between Vienna and Salzburg has been called Wiener Straße . Numerous other federal highways branch off from it: among others B 44 ( Purkersdorf ), B 20 ( St. Pölten ), B 3a and B 33 ( Melk ), B 25 ( Sarling ), B 119, 121 and 121a ( Amstetten ), B 123a ( St. Valentin ), B 123 and 337 ( Enns ), B 139 ( Traun ), A 7 ( Linz ), B 137 and 138 ( Wels ), B 144 ( Lambach ), B 143 and 145 ( Vöcklabruck ), B 151 ( Timelkam ), B 147 and 154 ( Straßwalchen ) and B 150, 155, 156 and 158 ( Salzburg ).
The other sections of the former Wiener Straße have since been named as follows:
- The Loferer road should federal highway law to be replaced from 1971 by a highway (S 12) of. However, this expressway was not built, which is why Loferer Straße has been known as the B 178 since 1999.
- The Tiroler Straße B 171 took over the sections of the former Wiener Straße between Wörgl and Landeck in the Inn Valley.
- The Arlberg Schnellstraße S 16 replaced the Arlbergstraße.
- The Vorarlberg road L 190 took located in Vorarlberg sections of the former Vienna road between Bludenz and Bregenz.
On April 1, 2002, a change in the law resulted in the transfer of all federal highways B into the ownership of the federal states concerned.
Expansion (chronology, selection)
- During or after the Second World War , a sidewalk and cycle path was built from Linz to Wels over a length of 30 km, separated by a green strip, like the roadway of the federal road in concrete slab construction. In Linz sometimes on both sides, from the Traun intersection only on the northwest side. As the roadway substructure and pavement were repeatedly piled up, the level of the roadway compared to the (one-sided) walk-and-bike path between Trauner Kreuzung and Marchtrenk rose to a height of almost 1 m, with the negative effect that cyclists in the direction of Linz, driving to the left of the roadway, When it is dark, the eyes are often caught and dazzled by the asymmetrical low beam of several vehicles at the same time. In the 1960s, when bicycle traffic received less attention and was declining, the B 1 between Marchtrenk and Wels (10 km route) was expanded to separate directional lanes with two lanes each and the cycle path was eliminated. An obvious, detour-free accompanying route does not exist there to this day. At the same time, noise barriers were erected on the B1, which worsen the conditions for bicycle traffic here, as they reduce the view and cross ventilation, and locally increase the noise level.
- Around 1967 the Vienna west exit was built over the Hadikgasse, which had been extended to the west of the Wien Hütteldorf train station, with the Nikolaibrücke sloping over the Wien river to Wientalstrasse. Before that, the exit was via Linzer Straße (which leads out of town into Hauptstraße).
- In Vienna, in the 1960s and 1970s, the lanes on the centrally located Karlsplatz , which the B1 crosses, were expanded and completely re-routed as part of the construction of the subway.
- On July 1, 2006, the Enns northern bypass was opened.
Trivia
The highest point ( 628 m ) is just east of the Upper Austria-Salzburg border (Rathberg). There are only serpentines on the western ramp of the 384 m high Riederberg in Lower Austria. Between Linz and Traun and between Marchtrenk and Wels, the B 1 has been expanded to four lanes. In Straßwalchen, the priority road leads from the B 1 from the direction of Salzburg into the Braunauer Straße B 147 - to follow the B 1 you have to turn off the priority road . The Schwanenstadt bypass has been developed as an intersection-free road . The longest tunnel (2.1 km) is the bypass in Henndorf am Wallersee .
The B 1 in the eastern part of Strengberg, winding uphill to the west, was (before the A 1 was also completed here around 1965/70) a point with a high number of accidents, which was therefore signposted with large white warning signs with a black skull.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Federal Roads Act 1971, Federal Law Gazette No. 286/1971
- ^ Federal law of July 8, 1921, regarding federal highways . Federal Law Gazette No. 387/1921.
- ^ Ordinance and official gazette for the Reichsgau Oberdonau , year 1940, p. 182
- ↑ Federal Roads Act of February 18, 1948, Directory A
- ↑ Federal Road Transmission Act of March 29, 2002, Federal Law Gazette I No. 50/2002 (= p. 265)
- ↑ Note. At that time, a significant proportion cycled to work, even distances over 10 km, in Linz the industrial companies for steel and chemicals were newly established.
| B1 | Like the other former federal highways, Wiener Straße was part of the federal administration. Since April 1, 2002, it has been under state administration and continues to have the B in the number, but not the name Bundesstraße. |