Dnipro

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Dnipro (disambiguation) .

Dnipro
Дніпро
	Dnipro
Basic data
Oblast :	Dnepropetrovsk Oblast
Rajon :	District-free city
Height :	155 m
Area :	405 km² ()
Residents :	986,887 (November 2015)
Population density :	2,437 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes :	49000-49070
Area code :	+380 562
Geographic location :	48 ° 28 '  N , 35 ° 3'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 27 '52 "  N , 35 ° 2' 46"  E
KOATUU :	1210100000
Administrative structure :	eight urban ravines and one urban-type settlement
Mayor :	Borys Filatow ( "UKROP" )
Address:	Dmytro-Jawornyzkyj-Prospect 75 49070 Dnipro
Website :	gorod.dp.ua
Statistical information
Dnipro

Impressions from Dnipro

Dnipro ( Ukrainian Дніпро , Russian Днипро́ Dnipro or Днепр Dnepr , 1926–2016 Dnipropetrovsk , Ukrainian Дніпропетровськ , Russian Днипрол Dnipro or Днепр Dnepr , Ukrainian Дніпропетровськ , Russian Днипропетровськ , Russian Днепропетровска , with one million inhabitants , and the city ​​is named next to Ukraine , with one million inhabitants , and is called Khašovský, and the city ​​is called Odessa, Ukraine, and is about one million, with the name of Ukraine, and under the name of Ukraine , is about one million , and the city of Kiev , is called Odessa the administrative center of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast and Dnipro Raion . It lies on three sides of the mouth of the Samara in the Dnepr, which is dammed up here, and 404  km southeast of the capital Kiev in the central-eastern Ukraine.

As the historical center of the New Russia Region and the Yekaterinoslav Governorate , the city was an important center in southern Ukraine. It was one of the main centers of the Soviet Union's nuclear energy, weapons and space industries and is the location of KB Yuzhnoye , a major developer, and Yushmash , a major manufacturer of rockets and satellites . Because of the local arms industry, the city was closed and remained so until the 1990s. The city is an important financial and industrial location in Ukraine, the seat of various financial institutions, including the largest (non-public) Ukrainian bank, the private bank . In addition, the city is an important location of the Ukrainian Army due to the Operative Army Command East located here .

geography

and display information about the image

Panorama of the city

location

Due to an inconsistent definition, the city is (historically) often included in eastern or southern Ukraine. Geographically, however, it is closest to central Ukraine, but with a recognizable tendency towards the south and east. The city is located in the central part of Dnepropetrovsk Oblast , which is one of the 24 oblasts of Ukraine .

Dnipro is located on three sides of the mouth of the Samara in the Dnieper River running through the city and on average 155  m above sea ​​level . The Dnieper flows from the Kamjansk Reservoir in a south-easterly direction through the city, changes its course in the urban area to the south and continues to flow in the direction of Zaporizhia . With around one million inhabitants, Dnipro is the largest city on the Dnieper downstream from Kiev . Within the city, the width of the river is around 900  m to 2.5  km .

The land around the city is mostly flat and easy to settle, which explains why the city has managed to become the fourth largest in Ukraine in just 200 years of existence. Most of the residential, commercial and industrial areas as well as the city center are on the right Dneprufer, which is not as swampy as the left bank. There is, however, now also managed large areas to colonize (neighborhoods: Rajon Amur Nischnjodnipro , Rajon Industrial and parts of Rajon Samara ). The urban area has an area of ​​405  km² and extends over 22  km in north-south and 33  km in east-west direction. The highest point of the city is 188  m above sea level and is located in a forest area in the southwest of the city, the lowest altitude is the water height of the Dnepr with 52  m above sea level.

Large cities in the vicinity are Zaporizhia, Krywyj Rih , Kamjanske , Kremenchuk , Poltava and Pavlohrad . The coast of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov are approximately equidistant.

	Kiev (404  km )	Poltava (137  km )	Kharkiv (190  km )
	Kremenchuk (147  km )		Novomoskovsk (27  km )
Kropyvnytskyi (212  km )	Kamjanske (35  km )		Pavlohrad (75  km )	Luhansk (310  km )
	Kryvyi Rih (140  km )	Zaporizhia (65  km )	Donetsk (200  km )
Odessa (396  km )	Mykolaiv (285  km )

* Distances refer to the distance (as the crow flies) to the town center.

Dnipro agglomeration

Dnipro, on the left the Tower residential complex , on the right the Most-City Center

About 1.68 million people live in the Dnipro agglomeration. It is the second largest in central Ukraine after the agglomeration of Kiev and the fourth largest in Ukraine after the agglomerations of Kiev, Kharkov and Donetsk. The agglomeration includes the districts of Dnipro , Mahdalyniwka , Novomoskowsk , Synelnykowe , Solone , Krynytschky and Petrykivka as well as the independent cities of Kamjanske , Verkhnyodniprowsk , Wilnohirsk and Synelnykowe .

geology

The city lies in the Eastern European Plain in the southeast of the Ukrainian shield at the transition to the Prypiat-Dnepr-Donetsk rift .

The crystalline subsoil consists mainly of granite and migmatite of the Middle Archean , including layers of biotite gneiss and amphibolite .

The city center with the Dnieper old town is located in the right bank part of the city, which is partly on the Dnepr highlands , while the left bank parts of the city are in the Dnepr lowlands . A hill in Samara Rajon , which is part of the Azov highlands, changes the direction of flow of the Dnieper to the south.

In the urban area there are several islands and peninsulas, the most notable is the monastery island . Between the right Dneprufer and the monastery island is the Bishop Canal , an 1850 meter long branch of the Dnepr. In addition, there are the Dneprinseln Green Island ⊙ ( Ukr. Зелений острів ) that Schewski Island ⊙ ( Ukr. Острів Шевський ) that Olexijiwski Island ⊙ ( Ukr. Олексіївський острів ) and the Spit Kosa ⊙ ( Ukr. Коса ) and the Feinberg Peninsula ⊙ ( ukr. Півострів Файнберга ) in the urban area.

climate

The Dnipro area has a Mediterranean climate with mild (sometimes cold), mostly humid winters and warm dry summers. There is less often a semi-arid steppe climate . Thus, the climate is similar to that of, for example, Redding (California) or Reno (Nevada) but has comparatively more rainy days and more precipitation, which means that rain showers are smaller on average. The precipitation distribution is typical of the Mediterranean climate with high precipitation in the winter months and low in the summer months. The summer months of June, July and August are almost free of rain.

The urban microclimate is significantly influenced by the Dnepr , in the vicinity of which the humidity rises. The humidity increases in October and reaches over 80% between November and March. Temperatures are cooler, with an annual average of 10.9 ° C, cold winters (0 to −4  ° C in January) and the highest frequency of freeze (74 days per year on average). Snow falls an average of 41 days per year, but severe cases are rare. The summer is hot, although it is tempered by the city's altitude (daily maximum temperatures around 28 ° C on average  ). The highest temperature ever measured (of 40.9  ° C ) was registered in 1950 and the coldest (of −30.0  ° C ) in 1955. The average temperature rose by 1.0 ° C during the last century  .

The mean wind speed corresponds to wind force 3 and only in February 4 on the Beaufort scale and is highest between December and April at over 5  m / s and between May and October at less than 5  m / s . The wind speed is lowest in July and highest in February.

The most pleasant months to travel are May and mid-September to mid-October. The months June to August can get very hot. The mild climate favors viticulture.

Dnipro
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     76   0 -4     56   1 -5     52   8th -1     46   17th 6th     34   25th 13     30th   28 16     26th   30th 17th     22nd   30th 17th     25th   23 12     28   14th 5     72   7th 2     102   1 -3 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source:

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Dnipro Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 0.0 0.6 7.8 16.9 25.4 27.8 30.1 29.9 23.3 14.4 7.3 0.6 O 15.4 Min. Temperature (° C) −4.0 −5.0 −1.0 5.8 13.1 15.9 17.4 16.9 11.8 4.7 1.6 −3.0 O 6.2 Precipitation ( mm ) 76 56 52 46 34 30th 26th 22nd 25th 28 72 102 Σ 569 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 5.6 7.1 8.6 10.1 10.5 10.8 9.9 9.1 9.1 7.9 6.1 5.4 O 8.4 Rainy days ( d ) 13 12 12 11 9 6th 5 4th 5 8th 12 13 Σ 110 Humidity ( % ) 88 85 79 67 62 66 65 62 68 77 87 88 O 74.4 Source:

history

→ Main articles : History of the City of Dnipro  and History of Ukraine

From antiquity to early modern times

Stone Babas at the Dnipro Historical Museum , Dmytro-Jawornyzkyj-Prospect ⊙

The area around Dnipro was first settled in the Paleolithic . It was followed by many different cultures, including the Tripolje culture that Kurgankultur that yamna culture , the Scythians and the Sarmatians .

In the course of the migration of peoples , proto-Bulgarians also passed through here before the area around the city belonged to the Jewish Khazar empire and to the trading network of the Radhanites around 750 . Around 900 AD, the Magyars , who had to pay tribute to the Khazar Empire, came to the area, making the area around Dnepr and Samara a possible candidate for Etelköz . Due to the pressure of the Pechenegs and the Bulgarians allied with them under Tsar Simeon I , the Magyars moved on into the Pannonian Basin .

From around the 8th to the 11th century, the trade route between Scandinavia and Byzantium , one of the most important trade routes in Eastern Europe , ran through today's urban area over the Dnepr .

After the dissolution of the Golden Horde , the area around Dnipro was settled in the 15th and 16th centuries by the Ruthenians who fled Poland-Lithuania , who founded free Cossack communities and over time formed a state (see also Zaporozhian Cossacks ). The Cossacks fought against Polish rule and defended themselves against the frequent raids of the Tatar Crimean khanate . To oppose the Cossacks and prevent local farmers from joining the Cossacks, the Poles built the Kodak fortress about 10 km south of today's city in 1635  . In the year it was built, it was captured by Cossacks under Ivan Sulyma and burned down. In 1639 the fortress was rebuilt by the Poles in double size. Under their protection, more and more people settled in the developing city of Stari Kodaki instead of joining the Zaporozhian Cossacks. In the course of the Khmelnytskyi uprising , the fortress was besieged for seven months in 1648 and then surrendered to the Cossack troops. It was razed by the Russians in 1711 due to the Prut Peace Treaty . The settlement of Stari Kodaki is considered to be the predecessor of the city of Dnipro because it is considered to be the first fortified and permanent settlement in the area.

Ekaterinoslav

Map of the Kodak Fortress, built in 1635

Prince Grigori Potjomkin and Empress Catherine the Great (modern collage)

After the Russo-Ottoman War from 1768 to 1774 , when the influence of the Ottoman Empire north of the Black Sea was eliminated, a comprehensive development program for the newly conquered southern areas was laid out as part of the so-called Greek plan of Empress Catherine the Great . Under the leadership of Prince Grigory Potjomkin , the New Russia governorate was created, the capital of which was Yekaterinoslav, founded in 1776. The location of the city in the area of ​​today's Pidhorodne at the confluence of the Samara and Kiltschen rivers ( Ukrainian Кільче'нь ) was unfavorable, however, as rising spring water regularly turned the city into a swamp. Therefore, the city was moved to its current location.

The foundation stone was laid on May 9, 1787 in the presence of Catherine II and Emperor Joseph II . To this end, the Tsarina had traveled from Kiev with a flotilla of 80 ships to found the center of a "New Russia"; the new city was chosen to be a "Petersburg of the south" and an "Athens of the north". In 1805 it had 2,634 inhabitants (376 of them Jews). From 1802 to 1925 it was the capital of the Yekaterinoslav Governorate .

In the 19th century, Ekaterinoslav became a center of industrialization after the city was connected to the rapidly expanding railway network. In 1884, as part of the construction of the railway line from Central Russia to the Crimea, the double-decker railway bridge over the Dnieper was completed. In 1887 the Alexander-Hütte, a steel and rolling mill, went into operation (today: Metallurgisches Werk Petrowski ), which at times employed 30,000 workers, in 1889 the pipe works of the Belgian stock corporation Ch. & H. Chaudoir ( Liège ), and later the Chaudoir plant -B (after 1917: Comintern ), in 1895 the foundry of Johann Jakob Esau & Co. (after 1917: combine harvester factory Woroschilow ) as well as the Gantke rolling mill (after 1917: Karl Liebknecht ) and the railway repair workshops (after 1917: Kirow works ).

The population grew rapidly, increasing tenfold between 1860 and 1900. A third of them were Jews, and a strong Jewish labor movement developed. In 1883 and 1906, anti-Semitism resulted in pogroms against the Jews .

Revolution time

In November 1917, after the February Revolution , the city, like the entire Yekaterinoslav Governorate, was part of the Ukrainian People's Republic . However, Bolshevik units marched in on January 9, 1918 and took the city. From these it was incorporated into the red republic of Donetsk-Krywyj Rih until April 1918 . From April 1918, the city belonged to the German occupation zone. The Central Na Rada was dissolved and Pavlo Skoropadskyj was installed as the hetman of the Ukrainian state puppet state .

From January 1919 to June 29, 1919, the city belonged to the red Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and then to the White Movement- controlled area of ​​the White South Russia ( Russian. Бе́лый Юг Росси́и ).

The city did not experience any battles or destruction during the years of the Russian Civil War . It was taken twice by soldiers of Makhovshchina , from December 27th to 31st, 1918 and from November 9th to December 9th, 1919. In 1918, the combined armed forces of the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Ukrainian State , the so-called Petlyurovtsi ( Russian: петлюровцы ) were expelled . During the affiliation to the Ukrainian People's Republic or the Ukrainian state, the National Oles Honchar University in Dnipro was founded and the city was renamed Sitscheslav, but this name was never official and only lasted for one year.

In 1919 Dnipro (called Yekaterinoslav again) was the capital of Makhnovshchina after units of the White Army had been driven out. The city was then conquered by the Red Army on December 30, 1919 , which finally won the civil war.

The city in Soviet times

Memorial to the 20,000 Jewish residents of Dnipropetrovsk who were shot during the German occupation ⊙

During the Holodomor in 1933, millions of people died of starvation in Ukraine. During this time, the GPU secret police detected many cases of cannibalism . About seven percent of all criminal cases for cannibalism, punishable by at least ten years or the death penalty, originated in Dnepropetrovsk Oblast.

See also : Battle of the Dnieper

The city ​​suffered enormous damage during the Second World War . In September 1941 soldiers of the Red Army , retreating from Wehrmacht troops , blew a 200 meter long breach in the dam and the 65  km long reservoir ran empty. The Germans had the dam rebuilt; It was finished at the end of 1942. In October 1943, they had to withdraw and bombed the dam from the air. The dam was rebuilt from 1944 to 1950.

There was a mass murder of Jewish residents by German occupiers. SS leader Friedrich Jeckeln played a key role in the mass shootings . 11,000 Jews were murdered on October 13, 1941. In the autumn of 1941, a famine could no longer be overlooked in the city, prohibited (as the "event message USSR" no. 135 of the SS Einsatzgruppe C of 19 November 1941) the Nazi Minister of State for Food and Agriculture Herbert Backe , the introduction of Grocery cards, as these "represented legal claims to delivery".

In the city there were two POW camps 417 and 460 (from 1949) for German POWs of the Second World War. Seriously ill people were cared for in the prisoner of war hospital 5905.

After the Second World War, there was reconstruction, further industrialization and rapid population growth, which made Dnipropetrovsk a city of over a million in the 1980s.

Independent Ukraine since 1991

City center (Jekaterinoslavski Boulevard) Dnipro, (from left to right) Bosfor Center, Menorah Center and Cascade Plaza and is bordered by Dmytro-Jawornyzkyj-Prospect

Branch of the Ukrainian Central Bank in the city center of Dnieper on Dmytro-Jawornyzkyj-Prospect

In 2007 a series of murders broke out in the city, the perpetrators being referred to as the Dnepropetrovsk Maniacs . 21 people, mostly defenseless and homeless, were killed. The perpetrators who were arrested in 2008 were three men between the ages of 19 and 26 who filmed their crimes. They came from a good family and justified their actions by saying that they felt the "kick" of killing and wanted to have memories of their youth in later life.

On 13 October 2007, there were in a residential building ⊙ in the district Peremoha of Stadtrajons Sobor , a gas explosion in which 22 people died.

Shortly before the start of the European Football Championship 2012 , which also took place in Ukraine, several bomb attacks that were carried out almost simultaneously on April 27, 2012 in busy areas of the city and in which at least 29 people were injured, caused international press coverage. So far there have been no confessional videos or other communications from the perpetrators, so that it cannot be said in which context this attack was carried out.

Dnipropetrovsk was one of the cities to which the OSCE sent observers on March 21, 2014 due to the war in Ukraine . In the previous days and weeks in Dnipropetrovsk, including on March 1, 2014, pro-Russian protests with 1,000–3,000 participants had taken place, during which demonstrators had called for a referendum modeled on the Crimea . On March 2, 2014, a pro-Ukrainian counter-demonstration took place with around 10,000 participants.

History of the city name

Historical postcard with the former name of Yekaterinoslav

In the course of the city's eventful history, its name has also been changed several times. An English nickname is " Rocket City ", in German " Rocket City ", because the KB Yuzhnoye design office is based there and the Dnepr missiles were built there. Most locals briefly call the city “Dnepr” ( Russian Днепр, ukr. Дніпро), but this is also understood by most non-local people. There were repeated efforts to change the name of the city, with both "Sitscheslav" and "Yekaterinoslav" or "Katerinoslav" were proposed.

On May 15, 2015, the Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko signed a law banning communist and national socialist propaganda , which also applies to places and streets that are polluted by propaganda within the meaning of the law. These should be renamed within six months. The city has already set up a commission to work out a solution. Since the name Dnipropetrovsk referred to Grigory Ivanovich Petrovsky , the former chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR , after a petition by the Dnepropetrovsk City Council was rejected in 2015, the city was to keep the old name, but with the ending "Petrovsk" but with the saint associate Peter, on May 19, 2016 decision of the Verkhovna Rada in the Dnipro renamed.

Name change timeline

• Yekaterinoslaw / Katerinoslaw 1776–1797
• Novorossiysk 1797-1802
• Yekaterinoslaw / Katerinoslaw 1802–1917
• Sicheslav 1917–1918 (not official)
• Yekaterinoslaw / Katerinoslaw 1918–1926
• Krasnodniprovsk 1926 (planned; not official)
• Dnepropetrovsk / Dnipropetrovsk 1926–2016
• Dnipro since 2016

meaning

• Yekaterinoslaw (Russian Екатеринослав ) or Katerinoslaw (Ukrainian Катеринослав ) - means something like "In honor of Catherine ".
• Novorossijsk (Russian Новороссийск ) - does not mean "New Russia", but "New Russian settlement / New Russian city" (possibly as a diminutive ).
• Sitscheslav (Ukrainian Січеслав , Russian Сичеслав ) - means something like "In honor of the Sitsch ".
• Krasnodniprowsk (Ukrainian Краснодніпровськ , Russian Красноднепровск ) - about "Rotdniprovsk", a composition of the color red as a symbol for communism and the Soviet Union and the Dnepr .
• Dnipropetrovsk (Ukrainian Дніпропетровськ [ ˌdɲiprope̝trɔu̯sʲk ], Russian Днепропетровск / Dnepropetrovsk [ ˌdʲnʲeprəpʲɪtrofsk ]) is the name that the city received in the Soviet Union in 1926, a composition of Dnepr and the name of the then Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR , Grigory Petrovsky .

politics

City Council building

administration

See also : List of the city leaders of Dnipro

The city ​​administration of Dnipro consists of the city ​​council ⊙ ( ukr. Дніпропетровська міська рада ), elected every four years , to which 119 city councilors and the mayor as chairman of the city council belong. The city council corresponds to the legislative power structure , while the mayor corresponds to the executive organ of local self-government . The last elected mayor is the one who was appointed interim mayor in 1999 after the departure of his predecessor and was confirmed by Ivan Kulitschenko in the mayoral elections of 2000, 2002, 2006 and 2010 . Kulichenko resigned from office on November 21, 2014. Then Maxim W. Romanenko was Deputy Mayor until March 4, 2015 and then Galina Ilinitschna Bulawka. Borys Filatov of the UKROP party has been mayor since November 17, 2015 , after beating Oleksandr Wilkul with 158,752 votes with 184,874.

After the 2010 local elections, Blok Juliji Tymoshenko , Bloc Our Ukraine - National Self-Defense and Witsche ( ukr. Партія «Віче» ) are no longer represented on the city council. 300,167 people took part in the 2010 election, 31,188 of whom voted against all parties available for election and 9,397 votes were invalid. After the elections on October 31, 2010, the city council is composed as follows:

Political party	Ukrainian	Seats	vs. 2006 *	Share of votes	vs. 2006 *
Party of Regions	Партія регіонів	78	+26	65%	+21.6
Strong Ukraine	Сильна Україна	13	-	10.8%	-
Front for change	Фронт Змін	8th	-	6.7%	-
All-Ukrainian "Fatherland" Association	Всеукраїнське об'єднання «Батьківщина»	8th	-	6.7%	-
Communist Party of Ukraine	Комуністична партія України	6th	−1	5%	−0.83
Ukraine of the future	Україна майбутнього	4th	-	3.3%	-
People's Party	Народна партія	3	-	2.5%	-

* unconfirmed

heraldry

Dnipro has two of its own heraldic symbols with a city ​​coat of arms and a city ​​flag . Both have the main colors white and blue in common.

coat of arms

Large city arms

The city's coat of arms was officially adopted on September 6, 2001 by resolution of the Dnipropetrovsk City Council.

Small city coat of arms

• Blazon

A silver saber on a blue Spanish shield, the point pointing upwards to the right, and a crossed arrow, above it three silver seven-pointed stars in a V shape.

• description

The coat of arms is largely based on that of the Polish and later Cossack fortress Kodak from 1770. These include the arrow crossed by a saber and the seven-pointed star. However, it does not contain the galloping horse, the crescent moon, the crown or the initials "KPPP", which can be found on Kodak's coat of arms. The three stars have different meanings, including the union of past, present and future and also as the city divided into three parts. They can also apply to the city's two key industries, metallurgy, and space and missile industries. In terms of metallurgy, they are interpreted as drops, as they are formed during casting. In addition, the three stars form a V, which can be interpreted as victoria ( Latin for victory). Three and seven are also common numbers for heraldic elements due to religious number symbolism. The saber and arrow , which in heraldry stand for the attributes of vigilance, willingness to fight and determination, and the stars are completely silver (white as printing color). The blue shield color goes back to the coat of arms of Yekaterinoslav from August 2, 1811. It symbolizes the Dnieper and is one of the national colors of Ukraine.

Large city arms

The large city coat of arms rests, in addition to the description of the small city coat of arms, on a pedestal made of grain , under which the name of the city is usually shown as a motto . The upper edge of the shield is adorned with a three-pinned golden wall crown .

Historical coat of arms

coat of arms	introduction	comment	Blazon
	1770	Coat of arms of the Kodak Fortress from 1770	A galloping horse coming from the left in a meadow, above a saber, the point pointing upwards to the left, and a crossed arrow, around it the initials "KPPP", interrupted by a seven-pointed star, a crown and a crescent moon.
		First drafts for the coat of arms of Yekaterinoslav
	August 2, 1811	Coat of arms of Ekaterinoslav	On a blue French shield, a stylized Е ( Russian je ) surrounded by nine seven-pointed concentrically aligned stars that includes a Roman two , the number “17” on the left and the number “87” on the right. The crown of rank above the coat of arms is the Russian tsar's crown .
		Coat of arms during the Soviet era	On a red French sign a yellow melting pot with a holder, next to it three stripes left and right, including three green hills above blue water with white waves. Above the shield a five-pinned wall crown with the inscription "Dnipropetrovsk".

City flag

→ Main article : Flag of Dnipro

The current city flag was determined in a competition based on a resolution of the Dnipropetrovsk City Council on April 18, 2012. The competition took place in two sections, in the first the best ten of all submitted designs were determined and in the second step the winner was announced on December 5, 2012.

The city flag shows the centered large city coat of arms of Dnipro including a banner with the city name on a white background with a blue heraldic image of the river Dnieper below .

City structure

As is usual with Ukrainian cities, Dnipro is administratively divided into city ​​districts (so-called Stadtrajons ), the areas of which generally do not correspond to the historical districts, but rather parts of the urban area that are spatially separated from each other by rivers, large roads or railway lines. In total, the city is divided into eight urban ravines and the urban-type Aviatorske settlement . The Stadtrajone are divided into districts .

• 

  Historic towns and fortresses

• 

  Stadtrajone

• 

  District

• 

  Incorporations

Stadtrajon (former name)	Ukrainian name (former name)	Residents 2008	Area in km²	founding	comment
Amur-Nizhnyodnipro	Амур-Нижньодніпровський	151,515	71.626		Named after the former settlement "Amur" and the "Nizhnyodniprovsk train station".
Industrial	Індустріальний	131,496	33,033
Novokodak (Lenin)	Новокодацький ( Ленінський )	169,756	88.7	1940	The name is derived from the historical settlement Nowi Kodaky ( ukr. Нові Кодаки ).
Samara	Самарський	118.424	77.092	April 6, 1977	The name is derived from the Samara River .
Shevchenko (Babushkin)	Шевченківський ( Бабушкінський )	127.056	31	April 12, 1973	Named after Taras Shevchenko .
Sobor (Schowtnewe)	Соборний ( Жовтневий )	168.021	44.093	March 15, 1936	The name is derived from the Ukrainian word for cathedral and refers to the Transfiguration Cathedral .
Checheliv (Krasnohwardijske)	Чечелівський ( Красногвардійський )	117,984	35.90		The name is derived from the historical settlement of Chechelovka ( Russian: Чечеловка ).
Central (Kirov)	Центральний ( Кировский )	64,989	10.403	May 12, 1932

Diplomatic missions

In the city there is a branch of the Embassy of the State of Israel , the Honorary Consulates of the Republic of Lithuania and the Czech Republic and seven visa service points for Germany , Lithuania, Poland , Greece , Hungary , Italy and Bulgaria .

Twin cities

Dnipro is twin town of:

• Herzliya in Tel Aviv District , Israel since August 3, 1993.
• Kutaisi in the Imereti region , Georgia since February 24, 1994 (reaffirmed and intensified in September 2007).
• Xi'an in Shaanxi Province , China since May 8, 1995.
• Tashkent , Uzbekistan since May 1998.
• Vilnius , Lithuania since September 29, 1998.
• Durham region in the Province of Ontario , Canada as of May 6, 2000.
• Wałbrzych in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship , Poland since June 4, 2001.
• Žilina in Žilinský kraj , Slovakia since February 13, 2003.
• Thessaloniki in the Central Macedonia region , Greece since April 18, 2003.
• Dalian in Liaoning Province , China since February 24, 2007.
• Bern in the Canton of Bern , Switzerland since February 21, 2008.
• Szczecin in West Pomeranian Voivodeship , Poland since May 28, 2010.
• Szolnok in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County , Hungary since April 28, 2013.
•  Lexington , Massachusetts , USA
• Ploieşti in the Great Wallachia Historical Area and the Southeast Planning Region , Romania
• Gəncə (also Ganja) in Azerbaijan

Partnerships with the following cities existed until September 7, 2016:

• Samara in the Volga Federal District , Russia since May 25, 1993.
• Krasnoyarsk in the Krasnoyarsk region , Russia since May 2007.
• Ulan-Ude in the Republic of Buryatia , Russia since September 26, 2011.

population

About one third of the 3,258,705 million inhabitants of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (as of November 1, 2015) and around 2.3 percent of the total Ukrainian population of 42,854,106 live in the city with its 986,887 inhabitants (as of November 1, 2015) People (as of May 1, 2015). This makes it the fourth largest city in Ukraine .

The population density is 2,437 inhabitants per km² (as of November 1, 2015) and is thus around 24 times as high as in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast and around 34 times larger than in the whole of Ukraine. The population is made up as follows (as of 2008): Ukrainians (79.3%), Russians (17.6%), others, for example Belarusians , Jews , Armenians and Azerbaijanis (3.1%).

The following table shows the population since the beginning of the survey in 1782. What is striking is the almost doubling of the population within a decade in the 1930s - a consequence of the forced collectivization and the resulting rural exodus in the Soviet Union at that time. A significant decline in population and high fluctuation rates , on the other hand, were recorded in the years of the February and October Revolutions , the Russian Civil War and the Ukrainian-Soviet War (between around 1914 and 1923). The city first reached a million inhabitants between 1975 and 1976, the highest population in its history with 1,203,000 inhabitants it reached in 1991, since then the city population has been falling continuously, as in most cities in Ukraine, especially during the economic crises of the 1990s. Since 2014 the city has fallen below the one million mark again.

The following information is available on population development :

1782 to 1920

year	Residents
1782	2,194
1800	6,389
1804	6,389
1825	8,412
1853	13,011
1862	19,515
1865	22,816
1885	46 876
1887 *	48,000
1897	112,839 - 121,216
1910	232,500
1911	215,000
1920	189,000

1920 to 2000

year	Residents
1923	126,462 - 159,000
1926	187,570 - 237,000
1932	320,000
1939	501,000 - 526,998
1943	280,000
1959 *	661,547
1967	816,000
1970	862,100 - 904,000
1975	1,000,000
1976	~ 1,000,000
1979 *	1,066,016
1989 *	1,177,897
1991	1,203,000
1993	1,185,000
1996	1,161,000
1998	1,137,000

from 2000

year	Residents
2001	1,065,008 - 1,084,000
2003	1,065,000
2006	1,044,000
2008	1,028,000
January 1, 2010	1,013,514
January 1, 2011	1.007.210
January 1, 2012	1,001,962
January 1, 2013	1,000,100
1st of January 2014	995,500
January 1, 2015	992.200
November 1, 2015	986.887

Notes in
bold : Official censuses
* In some sources, figures vary by a few to around 2,000 inhabitants

religion

Menorah Center with Golden Rose Synagogue

Most of the residents are Orthodox Christians . A large number of Jewish residents have now emigrated to the West or to Israel , but a significant number, as in the Soviet era, shaped the city's culture and economy. There is also a Muslim minority in the city , predominantly Crimean Tatars .

Until the Holocaust , Yekaterinoslav was a center of Jewish life in Russia and the Soviet Union (see shtetl ). In the first Russian census of 1897, the population was 112,839. The Jewish population was 35.8%, along with 41.8% Russians and 15.8% Ukrainians. These included some rich and influential people, but most of them were shopkeepers, artisans and (port) workers. The city was considered one of the best organized Jewish communities in Eastern Europe and Russia and had both humanitarian and educational institutions, including a small yeshiva . There was also a small Karaite congregation, which also had a house of prayer. Today the city is home to the Menorah Center , which surrounds the city's Golden Rosen Synagogue , the largest Jewish cultural center in the world. Since 2014, a memorial stone on the old Jewish cemetery outside the city has been commemorating the 4,000 Dnipropetrovsk Jews murdered there.

Until 2002, Dnipro belonged to the Roman Catholic diocese of Kiev-Zhytomyr , from which it was split off. Today it belongs to the newly formed Kharkiv-Zaporizhia diocese . The responsible archbishopric is Lviv . The city belongs to the Ukrainian-Greek-Catholic Archbishop's Exarchate of Donetsk .

language

See also : Russian language in Ukraine

90% of the population speak Russian as an everyday language. Ukrainian is fluent in 40% of the population. Of the remaining 60%, one half speaks Ukrainian very well and the other half speaks it very poorly. State documents are issued in the Ukrainian language. Most of the signs and signs are also written in Ukrainian. The media is mixed Russian and Ukrainian. The phenomenon of people speaking to one another in different languages ​​(Russian and Ukrainian) is just as common as, for example, using Russian at home and Ukrainian at work.

education

Secondary education

There are around 176 institutions of secondary education in the city , including three grammar schools and seven lyceums , including the finance and economic lyceum, the chemical-ecological lyceum, the information technology lyceum, the medical boarding school " Dnipro ", the Ukrainian-American lyceum, the Legal Lyceum and the Military Lyceum. There are also three remote schools , five evening schools , five boarding schools and four so-called educational associations ( Ukr. Науково-виробниче об'єднання shortly НВО , rus. Учебно-воспитательное объединение shortly УВК ), 28 so-called educational complexes ( Ukr . Науково-виробниче комплекс shortly НВК , rus. учебно-воспитательный комплекс shortly УВК ), three so-called educational and rehabilitation centers ( rus. Учебно-реабилитационный центр , shortly УРЦ ). Other schools include a Waldorf school , a school for children with infantile cerebral palsy and polio , a boarding school for blind children, the British school abroad , and a so - called cross - school education and production combine .

Tertiary education

See also : List of colleges in Dnipro  and universities in Ukraine

Dnipro is represented by 8 universities and 6 academies in the tertiary education sector , making it an important university town and university location . Among other things, the National Oles-Honchar University of Dnipro, founded in 1918, and the National Mining University of Ukraine , founded in 1899, which also houses the Ukrainian-German Culture and Language Learning Center ( Goethe Institute ), are located here. Other cultural institutes are the French Alliance française , the Chinese Confucius Institute and the Russian Foundation Russki Mir with various collaborations and partners.

Personalities

→ Main article : List of personalities of the city of Dnipro

People born in the city of Dnipro are among others the scientist Oleksandr Brodskyj , a pioneer in the production of heavy water . The astronomer and astrophysicist Boris Alexandrowitsch Voronzow-Veljaminow discovered the absorption of light by interstellar dust. The physicist Edward Ginzton became famous for his work on particle accelerators and klystrons , while Isaak Markowitsch Chalatnikow investigates singularities in general relativity and has received various science prizes for them. The logician Moses Schönfinkel designed the combinatorial logic and published the decision problem , while the computer scientist Leonid Levin dealt with NP completeness and later held a chair at Boston University . Politically active personalities born in Dnipro include Grigory Naumowitsch Kaminski , who was First Secretary of the Azerbaijani Communist Party from 1920 to 1921 and Minister of Health of the Soviet Union from 1936 to 1937, ex- KGB chief Viktor Mikhailovich Chebrikov , and the two-time Prime Minister of the Ukraine Yulia Tymoshenko . From the field of sport and art, the German soccer professional Roman Neustädter vom Schalke 04 , the violin virtuoso Leonid Borissowitsch Kogan , as well as the painter, draftsman, lithographer and research traveler Ludwig Choris and the Ukrainian-Soviet writer, literary critic and social activist Oles Hontschar should be mentioned . The former governor of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast , entrepreneur, sports official, patron and co-founder / owner of PrivatBank , Ihor Kolomoyskyj , is one of the richest Ukrainians.

Some of the people who were not born in the city, but who are closely connected to Dnipro through their life, work and actions include : a. Catherine the Great , whose conquest of New Russia made the construction of the city possible, and Lieutenant General Grigori Alexandrovich Potjomkin , who was appointed by her . In addition, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was the party leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982, head of state and four-time hero of the Soviet Union, party secretary in the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Committee and was born in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. The Russian national poet and founder of modern Russian literature, Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin , was exiled to what was then Yekaterinoslav because of his political views. Witold Fokin studied at the Mining Institute in Dnipropetrovsk and later became Prime Minister of Ukraine. Hennadij Boholjubow studied civil engineering in Dnipropetrovsk and founded one of the first private commercial banks with Ihor Kolomojskyj , PrivatBank , which is now the largest financial institution in Ukraine. Today he is considered one of the richest oligarchs in the country.

Culture and sights

Building of Dnipropetrovsk Oblastverwaltung ⊙

Gorky Municipal Drama Theater

The city has many cultural buildings such as theaters, playhouses and dance stages for classical ballet , folk dances (Russian and Ukrainian dances, which include the hopak and the kazachok ). Many street musicians play the local music and often dance to it.

In the city center is the Most-City Center building complex , which is a popular meeting place and recreation center due to its wide range of facilities (indoor ice rink, multiplex cinema, bowling center, casino, billiard room and numerous restaurants and cafes).

Buildings

Streets and squares

The main thoroughfare of the city is Dmytro-Jawornyzkyj-Prospekt . It was laid out in the 18th century, was given its current name in the Soviet era, and its houses shape the cityscape. At its southern end is the city's most important square, Oktoberplatz , which, with an area of ​​120,000  m², is one of the largest squares in Europe and is very popular in summer as a local recreation area. With the Dnipro promenade , the city has the longest promenade in Europe at 23  km .

Skyscrapers

→ Main article : Tower residential complex

Dnipro is home to the award-winning, highest skyscraper in Ukraine with a height of 123 m outside of Kiev . When it was completed in 2005, it was the tallest skyscraper in all of Ukraine.

Sacred buildings

In addition to the Transfiguration Cathedral, the Golden Rose Synagogue and the St. Michael's Church, which was converted into a concert hall in 1982, are among the city's most important sacred buildings.

Museums

The " Olexander Makarov National Center for Youth Space Education in Ukraine" ⊙ was founded on the ukase of the then Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma on June 11, 1996 on the initiative of the Ukrainian Space Agency , the "Association of Ukrainian Youth Space Travel Suzyrja " and with the support of Pivdenmash and KB Yuzhnoye . Various satellites and launch vehicles that were built in the city are shown in the area. In addition, specialists in aerospace technology are trained here.

The Historical Museum Dnipro , located on October Square , is one of the largest museums in Ukraine and, with the diorama on the Battle of the Dnieper, has the largest diorama in Ukraine (900 m²) and one of the largest in the world.

The Dnipro Art Museum, founded in 1914, is now home to around 8,500 European and Oriental works of art from the 16th to the 21st century and is an important center of Petrykivka painting , which has been an intangible world cultural heritage since 2013 .

In 2012, the Museum of Jewish History and the Holocaust in Ukraine opened in the Menorah Center .

Theater and Philharmonic

House of Organ and Chamber Music in the St. Nikolai Church

The city has 19 theaters and concert halls . This also includes the House of Organ and Chamber Music in the building of the St. Nikolai Church, built in 1915 , which has been declared an architectural monument of national importance . It has a twelve-ton organ built in 1987 by Wilhelm Sauer with the registration number 30.

Architectural monuments of national importance

Transfiguration Cathedral

There are 21 so-called " architectural monuments of national importance" in the city, including the Student Palace (formerly the Potemkin Palace), which was the domicile of the governor of New Russia Grigory Alexandrovich Potjomkin in the late 18th century and is therefore one of the city's first buildings. The Transfiguration Cathedral , built in 1835, is located in the city ​​center on Oktoberplatz . There is an underground connecting tunnel between the Transfiguration Cathedral and the Potemkin Palace, which was used as an archive for film material during the Soviet era. The Historical Museum is also located on Oktoberplatz . Opposite October Square and the Historical Museum is the main building of the National Mining University of Ukraine . The Polish Kodak Fortress, built in 1635, is located near the city . The St. Nikolai Church, built in 1915, with the House of Organ and Chamber Music since 1982, is one of the architectural monuments of national importance.

Parks and green spaces

There are over 20 parks in the city . These include the Shevchenko central cultural and recreational park, which was laid out in 1790 and extends over the northern part of the monastery island and is home to the student palace , a freshwater aquarium and a zoo . The Lasar Hloba Park offers visitors a go- kart track , a tropical house , a children's train and changing performances in the summer theater .

On the embankment of the "long (Krasnopowstantschesker) slope" ⊙ ( rus. Долгая (Красноповстанческая) балка is located), founded in 1936 "Botanical Garden University of National University Dnipro " ⊙ , during the Second World War was completely destroyed the park. Part of the park at that time was converted into the “Juri-Gagarin-Park”, inaugurated in 1964, another part forms the current university campus with student dormitories ⊙ and the remaining part the “Botanical University Garden”, which has been under nature protection since 1963 . Together with the “ Juri Gagarin Park” ⊙ , both parks are located in the Gagarin district , the Sobor district, and surround the main building of the Dnipro National University.

Also located in the Gagarin district is the “ Volodja Dubinin Children's Park” ⊙ , which opened in 1967 .

In the area of ​​the "Park of Remembrance and Reconciliation" (until 2015 " Kalinin Park") there was still the Chechelovsk cemetery after the town of Chechelovka ( Russian: Чечеловка ) at the end of the 18th century after the construction of the Katerinoslavsker milled fabric factory . On the cemetery grounds was Alexander Nevsky 's Church built in 1937 to worship took place. The church burned down in 1941 and was not rebuilt. During the Second World War, two large war burials took place here: Red Army soldiers were buried in the north-eastern part and Wehrmacht soldiers in the eastern part . The present park was only inaugurated in 1946.

Until 1927, on the site of the former "Lenin Square" and since 2015 "Heroes' Square" ⊙ , there was a park, the prison yard and the labor camp of the city prison . Both were demolished after the October Revolution in 1917. Today the park is only a block away from Lasar Hloba Park and surrounds the building of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Administration .

The “Sevastopol Park” ⊙ was inaugurated in 1955 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the siege of Sevastopol . The “Monument in honor of the defenders of Sevastopol” ⊙ is located on the main avenue . In 1893 the Ukrainian poet , ethnographer , lexicographer , folklorist and journalist Ivan Manschura was buried here.

In the place of today's park 40-year liberation of Dnipropetrovsk (ukr. 40-летия освобождения Днепропетровска ⊙ ) there was a cemetery between 1869 and 1965, in which there were numerous graves of nobles and honorary citizens from the city as well as those who came from abroad . The historical graves located there were comparable to those of the old Lviv cemetery.

Other parks and green areas are the " Bohdan Khmelnitsky -Park" ⊙ , the " metallurgists -Platz" ⊙ ( Ukr. Сквер Металургів ), the "Urban Youth recreational and -freizeitpark Nowokodak " ⊙ (formerly "Lenin Park"), the "Forest Park Friendship of Nations ” ⊙ , the“ Green Grove ”Park ⊙ ( ukr. Парк“ Зелёный Гай ” , formerly“ Park of the Lenin Komsomol ”) around the Meteor Stadium , the“ Lenin Forest ” ⊙ in the south of the Novokodak city district , the former“ Vorontsov Park "and today's" Sagajdak Park " ⊙ ( Ukr. Парк Сагайдак ) and the" Klyuyev Park " ⊙ .

Sports

A total of four Soviet (in 1976 , 1978 , 1982 and 1985 ) and two Ukrainian badminton championships (in 2010 and 2012 ) took place in the city.

The football club FK Dnipro plays nationally in the Perscha Liha . During his membership in the Soviet Union, he was Soviet football champion twice , namely in 1983 and 1988, and four times was a Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk player of the year , namely 1983, 1984, 2003 and 2010. The FK plays in the multifunctional, opened in 2008 and Dnipro Stadium with a capacity of 31,003 , which was actually intended as a venue for the European Football Championship 2012 - due to the 33,000 seats not being achieved, the Metalist Stadium in Kharkiv was preferred. Previously built was in 1966 Meteor Stadium in sports complex Meteor played in the now, the team of Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk-2 , the Ukrainian second division, reserve team of FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk plays and some home games of Kamjansker first division club FC Stal Dniprodzerzhynsk take place. The second division Dnipro-75 Dnipropetrovsk , which emerged from its youth soccer school, was also based there before it was dissolved in March 2010.

The municipal professional basketball club is the BK Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk . He plays in both the Ukrainian men's basketball super league and the top women's league, with the women's team winning the Ukrainian women's championship twice (2010 and 2008).

The HK Dnepr-Meteor ice hockey club plays in the highest Ukrainian ice hockey league.

The RK Dnepr rugby club has also existed in the city since 2009 .

Dnipro is the seat of the National Bandy Association of Ukraine.

economy

The city, located in the Dnepr economic region, is mainly characterized by industry ( mechanical engineering , high technology and metallurgical engineering ) and finance (banking and trade) as well as the space and rocket industry.

The Chamber of Commerce and Industry responsible for Dnipro is the IHK Dnepropetrovsk .

Industry

Dnipro is located between the coal and industrial area of Donbas ( Donbass ) and the embossed by mining iron ore and steel industries kryvbas . That is why a large number of companies for both branches of industry have settled there. One of the metallurgy companies is Interpipe , which belongs to Viktor Pinschuk , a manufacturer of pipes and steel products , primarily for the transport industry. Of the Evraz group belonging Dnipropetrovsk metallurgy operation Petrovsky is one of the largest individual operations of the Ukraine and has been the Order of Lenin and its centenary (1987) with the Order of the October revolution excellent. The company is one of the oldest metallurgy companies in the former Soviet Union

The city's mechanical engineering industry includes Piwdenmasch ( Russian: transcribed Juschmasch ), a major manufacturer of rockets, but also buses , machines for agricultural engineering , trolley buses , trams , wind turbines and satellites , which employs more than 13,000 people. Other companies include Dniproschina ( ukr. Дніпрошина , formerly Dnipropetrovsker tire factory), a manufacturer of tires and rubber products and the electric locomotive factory Dnipro ( ukr. Дніпропетровський вагоноремонто many Soviet train vehicles were built in the Soviet Union too .

The city is also home to KB Yuzhnoye , the former Piwdenmasch company's own design office. The missiles of the types R-16 , the first ICBM of the Soviet Union , and Dnepr as well as many ballistic missiles were designed by KB Yuzhnoye and manufactured by Piwdenmasch. Today KB Yuzhnoye and other companies based in Dnipro are involved in international projects such as the US Antares and Alpha rockets and the Italian Vega .

Service and financial sectors

PrivatBank headquarters in Dnipro (2010) ⊙

In the city center is the Most City Center with an 18,000  m² office complex. The city is the headquarters and hub of the airline Dniproavia . The city is the financial center of the country. Over 40 of the largest public and private banks in Ukraine have settled there. There are branches of around 97 banks.

Banks with registered offices in Dnipro include (in brackets the Cyrillic spelling): PrivatBank , AktaBank (АктаБанк), A-Bank (А-Банк), Zemelni Kapital (КБ Земельный Капитал), Neue Bank (Новыйкал) ), the VostokBank (Банк Восток), the Bank Credit Dnepr (Банк Кредит Дніпро), the ClassicBank (Класикбанк), the InterCreditBank (IнтерКредитБанка), and the RadaBank (а РкедитБанка).

Dnipropetrovsk clan

Student palace

→ Main article : Dnipropetrovsk clan

The Dnipropetrovsk clan is a political and economic clientele policy network of the Dnipropetrovsk oligarchs and top officials. The "Klan" goes back to the party leader of the CPSU , head of state of the Soviet Union and four-time hero of the Soviet Union Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev and Leonid Kuchma , who was Prime Minister from October 1992 to September 1993 and from July 1994 to January 2005 President of Ukraine and former General Director of Yuschmasch was. The Dnipropetrovsk clan consists of the five groups Privat , Pinchuk, Derkach, Kuchma and Tymoshenko.

Marketplace

The Osjorka, the central bazaar of the city of Dnipro

The Osjorka ⊙ ( ukr. Озерка , literally the one on the lake , derived from Озеро , transcription Osero , in German means lake ) is the central market square of the city of Dnipro. The area was still under water until around 1880. On April 16, 1885, the Ekaterinoslav City Council ( Russian: городская дума ) allowed selected citizens to set up wooden meat counters on the bank. The water was later diverted to the area of Lasar Hloba Park . More and more traders settled on the resulting open-air site and this is how Osjorka was born .

Trade fairs and congresses

National and international trade fairs take place regularly in the city. Some of them are Energoprom ( Rus. ЭНЕРГОПРОМ ) (branches: electrics, electrical engineering, energy), LitEx ( Rus. ЛИТЭКС ) (branches: foundry, metal industry), Mashprom ( Rus. Машпром ) (branches: mechanical engineering, machine tools), Agroprom ( Rus . АГРОПРОМ ) (branch: agriculture), and the Mirror of fashion ( rus. Зеркало моды ) (branches: cosmetics, perfumery, hairdresser).

traffic

Route map of the Dnieper Metro

The city is a transportation hub in Ukraine. The city's license plate , like the entire oblast , has been AE since 2004 .

Public transport

See also : Metro Dnipro  and Tram Dnipro

Most of the inner-city traffic is served by marshrutkas , which run on around 135 lines and of which around 532 are equipped with GPS (as of August 24, 2014). However, this corresponds to only about a third to half of all marshrutkas in Dnieper. One-way trips cost three and a half to four hryvnia , there are no monthly or annual tickets. When switching, you have to pay again. The city has a tram network that was opened in 1897 and is continuously being expanded, renovated and modernized. 19 lines are currently in operation. Since 1995, the city has also had a subway with six stations, three more are under construction and two more are being planned. The metro is to be expanded by the Japanese construction company Sumitomo Shōji .

Long-distance transport

The (new) headquarters (bridge)

In the city, the European route crosses - as one of the most important European routes it connects Eastern Europe with Central and Western Europe - the one that connects Murmansk and Saint Petersburg via Moscow with Crimea . In addition, the national trunk road runs through the urban area.   

bridges

See also : List of Dnepr bridges

The Merefa-Kherson Bridge

The "Kaidak Bridge"

Bridges have a special place in the city due to their location on both sides of the Dnepr.

• The (new) Central Bridge ⊙ ( ukr. Центральний міст ) or Bridge №  2 is a 1478 m long and 21 m wide road bridge that connects the city center with the left bank of the city. It opened on November 5, 1966. The bridge was built in place of an old Soviet wooden bridge that had been built by the Red Army in 1944. For a long time it was considered the longest bridge in Ukraine.
• The (Old) Amur Bridge ⊙ ( ukr. Амурський міст ) was completed in 1884. It is a bridge originally designed for rail and road traffic, on which a tram line has also operated since 1935. The length is 1395 m , with the access and exits 2397 m . It is 15.5 m wide and connects the region around the (main) train station with the districts on the left bank.
• Construction of the Merefa-Cherson Bridge , named after the railway line between the two Ukrainian cities of Merefa and Cherson , began around 1914, but was not completed until 1932. This bridge is one of the most unique structures in Ukraine.
• The Kaidak Bridge ⊙ ( ukr. Кайдацький міст ) was opened on November 10, 1982. It is a three-lane road bridge in both directions with a length of 1732 m . A road to Kharkiv and Donetsk runs across the bridge . A tram line has been running in the middle of the bridge since December 17, 1996.
• The 1248 m long and 22 m wide Southern Bridge ⊙ ( ukr. Півде́нний міст , Russian. Южный мост ) was built in stages from 1982 to 1993 and from 1998 to 2000. The opening was in December 2000. The right bank is lower than the left bank. It connects the prefabricated building areas of Pridniprowsk and Peremoha .

railroad

Dnipro Central Station ⊙

The city is a railway junction and the seat of the Prydniprowska Salisnyzja regional railway association , which is part of the Ukrainian railway . The Near-Dnipro Railways operated route networks in the oblasts of Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhia , the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and parts of five other surrounding oblasts ( Kherson Oblast , Mykolaiv Oblast , Oblast Kirovohrad , Kharkiv Oblast and Donetsk Oblast ). The route network with 244 railway stations has a total route length of 3250 km , of which around 58 percent are electrified.

port

The city has the largest inland port ⊙ in Ukraine. The port belongs to the operating company Ukrrichflot and is used for freight traffic. It is 393  km from the Dnepr estuary and covers an area of ​​20.8 hectares.

Airport

Dnipro airport

There is a flight connection via Dnipropetrovsk airport to the largest Ukrainian hub, the Kiev-Boryspil airport, and to important national destination airports. There are also flight connections to the international destinations Vienna , Moscow , Tel Aviv , Istanbul , Yerevan and, since September 18, 2013, Dubai . Around 450,000 passengers are handled at the airport each year.

The former airport of the city of Dnipro ⊙ ( ukr. Аеродром Підгірне , Russian Аэродром Подгороднее ) is located 15  km to the north of Pidhorodne .

Complementary

• The city was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1976 .
• The city's HIV / AIDS rate is 408.8 per 100,000 people.

literature

• Sergei I. Zhuk: Rock and Roll in the Rocket City . Washington, DC & a. 2010. ISBN 978-1-4214-2314-2 .

Web links

Commons : Dnipro  - collection of images, videos and audio files

 Wikinews: Dnipro  - on the news

• City website (German, French, Spanish and English, more detailed in Russian and Ukrainian)
• Official tourism and advertising site of the city of Dnipro (English, also Russian and Ukrainian)
• History of the city (English)
• Pictures of the city
• Dnipro City Council website
• Official website of the Ukrainian Rada on the city of Dnipro (Ukrainian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Basic and interesting facts about the city. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 16, 2016 (Russian, original title: Основные и интересные факты о городе ). 
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Information on the population in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast on November 1, 2015. (PDF) In: Statistical Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення На 1 листопада 2015 року ). 
3. ↑ ^{a b} Borys Filatow becomes the new mayor. Electoral Commission. In: Ukrinform . November 17, 2015, accessed on November 21, 2015 (English, original title: Borys Filatov becomes Dnipropetrovsk mayor - election commission ). 
4. ↑ scientific transliteration according to German and international standard Dnìpro [ dʲnʲiˈprɔ ]
5. ↑ Состоялось пленарное заседание Верховной Рады Украины , rada.gov.ua, May 19, 2016 (Russian)
6. ^ Official website of the Ukrainian Rada with the Rajonen of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. (No longer available online.) In: Verkhovna Rada . Formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 22, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Склад адміністративно-територіальної одиниці Дніпропетровська областий, Дніпросопетий).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
7. ↑ ^{a b c d} Brenda Lafleur, Joseph Haimowitz, Matthwe Stewart, Natalia Khodko, Oleksandr Zholud, Olga Romanyuk, Sheila Rao, Iryna Vernoslova, Maxim Boroda: City Profile - Dnipropetrovsk - Demographic • Economic • Fiscal. (PDF (1.4 MB)) (No longer available online.) In: Verkhovna Rada . The Conference Board of Canada, archived from the original on June 17, 2014 ; accessed on August 22, 2014 (English, city profile published in 2012 as part of the "EBED Project", project director is Paul Darby). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ↑ Denis Motorin (Денис Моторин): Article on the monastery island with legends, facts & history. In: dp.vgorode.ua. November 15, 2013, accessed on August 22, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Монастырский остров: легенды, факты, история). 
9. ↑ Maxim Kawun (Максим Кавун): City history - secrets of the Dnepr islands. In: Dnipro city website. www.realnest.com.ua/, accessed August 22, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Тайны Днепропетровских островов). 
10. ↑ Levinson, DH; Lawrimore, JH: STATE OF THE CLIMATE . In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society . 89, 2008, p. 181.
11. ↑ Climate change in Ukraine: Review of publications and researches. Supreme Council (“Verhovna Rada”) considers new law “On climate changes in Ukraine”., Accessed on January 21, 2009 . 
12. ↑ Urban climate. In: City of Dnipro. Retrieved January 16, 2016 (Russian, original title: Климат города ). 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Dnipro climate data. In: www.pogodaiklimat.ru. Retrieved August 27, 2014 (Russian, original title: Клімат Дніпропетровська). 
14. ↑ Climatic data for Dnipro since 1899. In: Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center . Retrieved January 16, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Кліматичні дані по м.Дніпропетровськ за період з 1899 года ). 
15. ↑ D. Bagalej (Д. Багалей.): The Varagäerweg. In: Brockhaus-Efron . Retrieved September 18, 2014 (Russian, original title: Варяжский путь). 
16. ↑ Maxim Kawun: City chronology - foundation data. In: City of Dnipro. Retrieved September 18, 2014 (Russian, original title: Днепропетровская хронология. Даты основания Section: The Descent of Yekaterinoslav into the Depths of History - Ninth and Tenth Centuries, 1576, 1635, 1650 and 1750 (russкукувасукускус , XI века, 1576, 1635, 1650 и 1750 годы)). 
17. ↑ Thomas Gerlach , Gert Schmidt: Discovering the Ukraine. 9th, completely revised and expanded edition. Trescher Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-89794-103-8 .
18. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Article on the history of the city of Dnipropetrovsk. In: eugene.com.ua. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014 ; accessed on January 17, 2016 (English). 
19. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Karl Schlögel : Rocket City on the Dnipro. Once the boom town of the tsarist empire, Dnipropetrovsk in eastern Ukraine looks back on an eventful history . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung of December 6, 2014, international edition, pp. 57–58.
20. ↑ ^{a b} Jewish history of the city of Dnipropetrovsk. In: jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved August 22, 2014 . 
21. ↑ lecture by Hennadii Boriak, Director General of the Ukrainian State Archives Administration, on 23 November 2003 in Toronto before the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies (CIUS): The Ukrainian Famine of 1933: Sources and Source Publications ( Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies publicizes new research on Famine ); see also: Hennadii Boriak: The Publication of Sources on the History of the 1932-1933 Famine-Genocide . In: Harvard Ukrainian Studies . ISSN  0363-5570 . Vol. 22 (2001), pp. 167-186.
22. ↑ Dieter Pohl : Die Einsatzgruppe C : In: Peter Klein (Ed.): Die Einsatzgruppen in the occupied Soviet Union 1941/42. The activity and situation reports of the chief of the security police and the SD , Edition Hentrich, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-89468-200-0 , pp. 71–87, here p. 76.
23. ↑ Klaus-Michael Mallmann , Andrej Angrick , Jürgen Matthäus , Martin Cüppers (eds.): The "incident reports USSR" 1941. Documents of the Einsatzgruppen in the Soviet Union . (= Publications of the Research Center Ludwigsburg , Vol. 20) WBG, Darmstadt 2011, ISBN 978-3-534-24468-3 , p. 774 f.
24. ↑ Erich Maschke (Hrsg.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld u. a. 1962-1977.
25. ↑ Three 19-year old youths committed 19 murders in Dnipropetrovsk during a month. In: unian.net. July 24, 2007, accessed March 20, 2014 (English, article on the Dnepropetrovsk Maniacs ). 
26. ^ Dnipropetrovsk: Number of deaths in gas explosion rises to 22. In: National Radio Corporation of Ukraine . Archived from the original on November 14, 2010 ; accessed on January 31, 2016 . 
27. ↑ Nikolaj Tymoshenko ( Николай ТИМОШЕНКО ), Vlada Shtschtowa ( Влада ЩИТОВА ): Gas explosion destroys prefabricated building in Dnipropetrovsk. In: Komsomolskaya Pravda . Retrieved January 31, 2016 (Russian, original title: Взрыв газа в Днепропетровске разрушил многоэтажку ). 
28. ↑ Maxim Kawun (Максим Кавун): History and overview of the Peremoha district. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. www.realnest.com.ua/, accessed on August 22, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Гений места. Контуры “Победы”). 
29. ↑ Series of attacks - Ukraine sees no security threat to European Football Championship. In: Zeit Online . Retrieved August 22, 2014 . 
30. ^ Crimean crisis: OSCE sends 100 observers to Ukraine. In: Spiegel Online . March 21, 2014, accessed August 22, 2014 . 
31. ^ Two protests in Dnepropetrovsk - for and against the new government. (No longer available online.) In: ukrinform.ua. March 1, 2014, archived from the original on March 5, 2014 ; Retrieved September 8, 2014 (Russian, original title: В Днепропетровске состоялись два митинга: за и против новой власти). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
32. ↑ pro-Russian protests in southern and eastern Ukraine. In: Small newspaper . March 16, 2014, accessed April 29, 2020 . 
33. ↑ William Booth and Will Englund : Ukrainian government demands Putin to recall the military, reservists are drafted. In: The Washington Post . March 2, 2014, accessed on September 8, 2014 (American English, original title: Ukraine's leader urges Putin to pull back military, mobilizes reservists): “In Dnepropetrovsk… a rally described by local reporters as the largest in years drew an estimated 10,000 people who shouted “Down with Putin!” “ 
34. ↑ ^{a b c} Maxim Kawun (Максим Кавун): Article on the city name on the website of the city of Dnipro. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. www.realnest.com.ua, accessed August 22, 2014 (Russian, original title: Сколько имен у Днепропетровска?). 
35. ↑ Sergei I. Zhuk (author) "Rock and Roll in the Rocket City: The West, Identity, and Ideology in Soviet Dniepropetrovsk, 1960–1985" Book on the subject of culture in Dnipropetrovsk of the Soviet Union, ISBN 978-0-8018-9550- 0 published by Johns Hopkins University Press (April 1, 2010), accessed on Council on Foreign Relations January 10, 2014
36. ↑ Manuel Becker: The "rocket man" in the rocket city. In: Göttinger Tageblatt . January 25, 2011, Retrieved August 23, 2014 (article about basketball player Mike Scott in Dnepropetrovsk). 
37. ↑ Marina Kravchenko ( Russian , Ukrainian ): Yekaterinoslav? Dnepropetrovsk? Sitscheslav? In: gazeta.dp.ua. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian, original title: Екатеринослав? Днепропетровск? Сичеслав?). 
38. ↑ Poroshenko signs laws on denouncing Communist, Nazi regimes. In: Interfax . May 16, 2015, accessed June 3, 2015 . 
39. ↑ Порошенко підписав закони про декомунізацію. In: Ukrajinska Pravda . May 15, 2015, accessed June 3, 2015 (Ukrainian). 
40. ↑ ^{a b} Vitaly Shevchenko: Goodbye, Lenin: Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols. In: BBC . April 14, 2015, accessed June 3, 2015 . 
41. ^ Dnipropetrovsk becomes Dnipro in Spiegel Online on May 19, 2016
42. ↑ Верховна Рада України; Постанова від May 19, 2016 № 1375-VIII Про перейменування міста Дніпропетровськ Дніпропетровської області . Retrieved June 4, 2016.
43. ↑ Andrew Wilson: Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990s. A minority faith. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge u. a. 1996, ISBN 0-521-57457-9 , p. 89.
44. ^ The new Deputy Mayor is Maxim Romanenko. In: Information portal “New Format” . Retrieved May 10, 2015 (Russian, original title: И.о. мэра Днепропетровска стал Максим Романенко ). 
45. ↑ ^{a b} The Dnipropetrovsk City Council has elected a new deputy mayor in the presence of Borys Filatov. In: "Delo" newspaper . Retrieved May 10, 2015 (Russian, original title: Горсовет Днепропетровска в присутствии Филатова избрал нового и.о. мэра ). 
46. ^ The Dnipropetrovsk City Council removes the Deputy Mayor Maxim Romanenko. In: facty i commentary . Retrieved May 10, 2015 (Russian, original title: Днепропетровский горсовет отстранил и.о. мэра Максима Романенко ). 
47. ↑ ^{a b} Результаты выборов в Днепропетровский горсовет (German result of the elections to the Dnepropetrovsk City Council). City of Dnipropetrovsk, November 9, 2010, accessed August 31, 2014 (Russian). 
48. ↑ В Днепропетровский горсовет вошли семь партий (Eng. Seven parties move into the Dnipropetrovsk City Council). City of Dnipropetrovsk, November 9, 2010, accessed August 31, 2014 (Russian). 
49. ^ Symbolism of the city of Dnipropetrovsk. (No longer available online.) In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2014 ; Retrieved September 12, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Символіка м. Дніпропетровська). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
50. ^ Coat of arms of the city of Dnepropetrovsk. In: geraldika.ru. Retrieved September 12, 2014 (Russian, original title: Герб города Днепропетровск). 
51. ↑ ^{a b} Coat of arms of the city of Dnipropetrovsk. In: heraldicum.ru. Retrieved September 12, 2014 (Russian, original title: Герб города Днепропетровск). 
52. ↑ ^{a b c d} The coat of arms of Dnipropetrovsk. (No longer available online.) In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2014 ; accessed on September 12, 2014 (English, original title: The Arms of Dnipropetrovsk). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
53. ↑ The city council calls a competition to create a new flag for Dnepropetrovsk. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. April 23, 2012, Retrieved September 27, 2014 (Russian). 
54. ↑ ^{a b} Dnipropetrovsk has a new flag. (No longer available online.) In: The national news agency Ukrinform . December 5, 2012, archived from the original on April 15, 2014 ; Retrieved September 27, 2014 (Ukrainian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
55. ↑ Competition for a new city flag. (No longer available online.) In: Dnipropetrovsk City Council. April 19, 2014, archived from the original on April 7, 2014 ; Retrieved September 27, 2014 (Ukrainian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
56. ↑ City districts in Ukraine , accessed on pop-stat.mashke.org on May 9, 2015 (Ukrainian / Russian)
57. ↑ ^{a b} Diplomatic missions in Dnipropetrovsk. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved September 7, 2014 (English, Ukrainian, Russian). 
58. ^ Israeli Center Dnepropetrovsk - About Us. Retrieved September 7, 2014 (Russian). 
59. ^ Honorary Consulate of the Republic of Lithuania in Dnipropetrovsk. In: Honorary Consulate of the Republic of Lithuania in Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved September 7, 2014 (English, Ukrainian). 
60. ^ Diplomatic missions in Ukraine - Czech Republic. In: Website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine . Retrieved September 7, 2014 (English, Ukrainian). 
61. ↑ Visa centers of the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany. In: www.germanyvac-ua.com. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Візові центри Посольства Федеративної Республіки Німеччина в Україні ). 
62. ^ Embassies of foreign countries in Dnipropetrovsk . In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on January 17, 2016 (English). 
63. ^ Sister cities - Herzliya. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (original title: Sister Cities - Herzliya; Info: The forwarding (link) leads to an incorrect file). 
64. ↑ Sister Cities - Kutaisi. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Kutaisi). 
65. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Kutaisi and Dnipropetrovsk. (PDF (587 kB)) In: The cities of Kutaisi and Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved August 28, 2014 (Georgian, Ukrainian, unknown language, Russian, original title: Agreement of cooperation between Dnipropetrovsk city council (Ukraine) and Kutaisi city administration (Georgia) has been signed on September, 2007). 
66. ^ Sister Cities. (No longer available online.) In: Website of Xi'an Municipal People's Government. Archived from the original on October 24, 2016 ; accessed on October 13, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
67. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Xi'an and Dnipropetrovsk. (PDF (122 kB)) In: The cities of Xi'an and Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Agreement of economic, trade, culture, education, medicine and sport cooperation between Dnipropetrovsk city (Ukraine) and Xi'an (The People's Republic of China) has been signed on May, 8, 2007). 
68. ↑ Sister cities - Tashkent. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Toshkent). 
69. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Tashkent and Dnipropetrovsk. (PDF (208 kB)) In: The cities of Tashkent and Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Russian, original title: Agreement of cooperation between the executive committee of Dnipropetrovsk city council (Ukraine) and Toshkent city hokimiat (The Republic of Uzbekistan) was signed on May, 1998). 
70. ^ Sister cities - Vilnius. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Vilnius). 
71. ^ Agreement on economic cooperation between Vilnius and Dnipropetrovsk. (PDF (337 kB)) In: The cities of Vilnius and Dnipropetrovsk. September 29, 1998, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Ukrainian, Lithuanian, original title: Memorandum of economic cooperation between the city of Vilnius and the city of Dnipropetrovsk was signed on September 29, 1998). 
72. ^ Twin Cities - Durham Region. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Durham Region). 
73. ^ Agreement on cooperation between the Durham and Dnepropetrovsk regions. (PDF (419 kB)) In: The Durham and Dnepropetrovsk region. May 6, 2000, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (English, Ukrainian, original title: Memorandum of understanding between the Regional Municipality of Durham and the city of Dnipropetrovsk was signed on May, 6, 2000). 
74. ↑ Sister cities - Žilina. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Zilina). 
75. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnepropetrovsk and Žilina. (PDF (94.2 kB)) In: The cities of Žilina and Dnipropetrovsk. February 13, 2003, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (English, Ukrainian, original title: Agreement of cooperation between the municipality of Zilina (The Slovak Republic) and the municipality of the city of Dnipropetrovsk (Ukraine) has been signed on February 13, 2003). 
76. ↑ Partner towns of Žilina | Website of the city of Žilina. In: The city of Žilina. Retrieved January 24, 2016 (Slovak). 
77. ^ Sister cities - Thessaloniki. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Thessaloniki). 
78. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Thessaloniki and Dnipropetrovsk. (PDF (449 kB)) In: The cities of Thessaloniki and Dnipropetrovsk. April 18, 2003, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved August 28, 2014 (Greek, unknown language, Ukrainian, original title: Agreement of cooperation between Thessaloniki city administration (The Hellenic Republic) and Dnipropetrovsk city council (Ukraine) was signed on April 18, 2003). 
79. ↑ Sister Cities - Dalian. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Dalian). 
80. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnepropetrovsk and Dalian. (PDF (233 kB)) In: The cities of Dalian and Dnipropetrovsk. February 24, 2007, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Ukrainian, Chinese, original title: Agreement of collaboration between the city of Dnipropetrovsk (Ukraine) and the city of Dalian (The People's Republic of China) was signed on February, 24, 2007). 
81. ↑ Sister cities - Bern. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Bern). 
82. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Bern and Dnepropetrovsk. (PDF (152 kB)) In: The cities of Bern and Dnipropetrovsk. February 21, 2008, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Original title: The declaration of mutual understanding between the city of Dnipropetrovsk and the city of Berne was signed on February, 21, 2008). 
83. ↑ Sister cities - Szczecin. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Shecin). 
84. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnepropetrovsk and Szczecin. (jpg (2.26 MB)) In: The cities of Stettin and Dnipropetrovsk. May 28, 2010, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Polish, original title: The agreement on establishing friendly relationships between Dnipropetrovs'k and Shecin was signed on the 28th of May 2010). 
85. ↑ Sister cities of Szczecin. In: City of Szczecin. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Polish, original title: Kontakty partnerskie Miasta Szczecin). 
86. ^ Sister cities - Szolnok. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; accessed on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Szolnok). 
87. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnepropetrovsk and Szolnok. (JPG (1.79 MB)) In: The cities of Szolnok and Dnipropetrovsk. April 28, 2013, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Hungarian, Ukrainian, original title: The agreement on establishing friendly relationships between Dnipropetrovs'k and Szolnok was signed on the 28th of April 2013). 
88. ^ Sister cities of Azerbaijani cities. In: azerbaijans.com. Retrieved January 24, 2016 . 
89. ↑ Sister cities - Samara. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (original title: Sister Cities - Samara; Info: The two redirects (links) given in the article are reversed). 
90. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnepropetrovsk and Samara. (PDF (188 kB)) In: The cities of Samara and Dnipropetrovsk. March 25, 1993, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Russian, original title: Agreement of cooperation between city of Samara (The Russian Federation) and city of Dnipropetrovsk (Ukraine) has been signed on May, 25, 1993). 
91. ^ Sister cities - Krasnoyarsk. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, unknown language, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Krasnoyarsk). 
92. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnipropetrovsk and Krasnoyarsk. (PDF (331 kB)) In: The cities of Krasnoyarsk and Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Ukrainian, Russian, original title: Agreement of trade and economic, scientific and technical, culture cooperation between the executive committee of Dnipropetrovsk city council (Ukraine) and Krasnoyarsk city administration (Krasnoyarsk Krai, The Russian Federation) was signed in May 2007). 
93. ^ Sister cities - Ulan-Ude. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (English, Russian, unknown language, Ukrainian, original title: Sister Cities - Ulan-Ude; Info: the redirects (links) on the page are reversed). 
94. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnipropetrovsk and Ulan-Ude (first part). (jpg (2.26 MB)) In: The cities of Ulan-Ude and Dnipropetrovsk. September 26, 2011, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: The agreement on establishing friendly relationships between Dnipropetrovs'k and Ulan-Ude was signed on the 26th of September 2011. part - 1). 
95. ^ Agreement on cooperation between Dnepropetrovsk and Ulan-Ude (second part). (jpg (353.27 kB)) In: The cities of Ulan-Ude and Dnipropetrowsk. September 26, 2011, archived from the original on September 12, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 28, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: The agreement on establishing friendly relationships between Dnipropetrovs'k and Ulan-Ude was signed on the 26th of September 2011. part - 2). 
96. ↑ Population (by estimate) as of May 1, 2015. State Statistics Service of Ukraine, accessed on July 3, 2015 . 
97. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z} Information on the urban population. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
98. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Maxim Chebotarev ("Cheba"): Article on the history of the city of Dnipropetrovsk. In: Virtualtourist . September 11, 2002, accessed August 23, 2014 . 
99. ↑ Article on the first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897. In: Demoscope Weekly . Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
100. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Table about population developments and incorporations in Ukraine. In: pop-stat.mashke.org. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian, unknown language, transcription). 
101. ↑ Wilbur Zelinsky, Leszek A. Kosiński: The Emergency Evacuation of Cities: A Cross-national Historical and Geographical Study , University of Michigan, Rowman & Littlefield, 1991 , ISBN 978-0-8476-7673-6 , most recently accessed on August 23, 2014
102. ↑ Article on the population in the Ukrainian SSR in 1959. In: webgeo.ru. Archived from the original on January 7, 2012 ; August 23, 2014 Retrieved on (Russian, the original title: ЧИСЛЕННОСТЬ НАЛИЧНОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ГОРОДОВ И ДРУГИХ ПОСЕЛЕНИЙ, РАЙОНОВ, РАЙОННЫХ ЦЕНТРОВ И КРУПНЫХ СЕЛЬСКИХ НАСЕЛЕННЫХ МЕСТ НА 15 ЯНВАРЯ 1959 ГОДА ПО РЕСПУБЛИКАМ, КРАЯМ И ОБЛАСТЯМ УКРАИНСКАЯ ССР ). 
103. ↑ Article on the population in the Ukrainian SSR in 1970. In: webgeo.ru. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012 ; Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
104. ↑ Article on the population in the Ukrainian SSR in 1979. In: webgeo.ru. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012 ; Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
105. ^ Article on the general census of the Soviet Union in 1989. In: Demoscope Weekly . Retrieved August 26, 2014 (Russian). 
106. ↑ Data from the 2001 census for the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. In: Statistics Office of Ukraine . P. 1 , accessed on August 26, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian). 
107. ↑ Information on the population in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast on January 1, 2010. In: Statistics Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення на 1 січня 2010 року та середня за 2009 рік ). 
108. ↑ Information on the population in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast on January 1, 2011. In: Statistics Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення на 1 січня 2011 року та середня за 2010 рік ). 
109. ↑ Information on the population in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast on January 1, 2012. In: Statistical Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення на 1 січня 2012 року та середня за 2011 рік ). 
110. ↑ Information on the population in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast on January 1, 2013. In: Statistical Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення на 1 січня 2013 року та середня за 2012 рік ). 
111. ↑ Information on the population in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast on January 1, 2014. In: Statistics Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення на 1 січня 2014 року та середня за 2013 рік ). 
112. ↑ Information on the population in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast on January 1, 2015. In: Statistical Office of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Ukrainian, original title: Чисельність населення На 1 січня 2015 року ). 
113. ^ Article on ethnicity in the first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897. In: Demoscope Weekly . Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
114. ↑ Article on the early history of Jewish life in Dnipropetrovsk. In: jpeopleworld.com. Retrieved on August 23, 2014 (English, original title: Dnepropetrovsk - In the Beginning - Jewish community history). 
115. ↑ ^{a b} Tamar Runyan: Article on the Menorah Center. In: Chabad.org . October 17, 2012, accessed on August 23, 2014 (English, original title: World's Largest Jewish Center Opens in Dnepropetrovsk; see also: Menorah Center ). 
116. ↑ Website of the Menorah Center. In: Menorah Center . Retrieved August 23, 2014 (English, Russian). 
117. ^ Minorities and majority in Dnepropetrovsk
118. ^ Home page of the Dnipropetrovsk Waldorf School. Retrieved January 23, 2016 . 
119. ↑ A word from the director. (No longer available online.) In: British School Abroad in Ukraine, British International School Ukraine . Archived from the original on January 23, 2016 ; Retrieved January 23, 2016 (English, Ukrainian, original title: A Word from the Director ). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
120. ^ Schools in Dnepropetrovsk. In: www.osvita.com.ua. Retrieved January 23, 2016 (Russian, original title: Школы в Днепропетровске ). 
121. ↑ Education and Science. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 23, 2016 (Russian, original title: Образование и наука ). 
122. ^ Page of the Goethe Institute Dnipropetrovsk. In: Goethe Institute . Retrieved August 23, 2014 . 
123. ^ Page of the Alliance française Dnipropetrovsk. In: Alliance française . Retrieved August 23, 2014 (French, Russian, Ukrainian). 
124. ↑ Annual report of the Confucius Institute 2009. (PDF) In: Confucius Institute . P. 89 , accessed on August 24, 2014 (Chinese, English, original title: Hanban (Confucius Institute Headquarters) 2009 Annual Report). 
125. ↑ Article on the opening of the Russian center in Dnipropetrovsk. In: Russki Mir Foundation . November 29, 2010, accessed on August 23, 2014 (Russian, original title: Шестой Русский центр на Украине открыт в Днепропетровске). 
126. ↑ Website of the "Olexander Makarow National Center for Space Youth Education in Ukraine". In: Olexander Makarow National Center for Space Youth Education of Ukraine. Retrieved January 31, 2016 (English, Russian, Ukrainian). 
127. ↑ Article on "Olexander Makarow National Center for Space Youth Education in Ukraine". In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 31, 2016 (Russian, original title: Национальный центр аэрокосмического образования молодежи Украины им. А.М. Макарова ). 
128. ↑ Article on the diorama on the Battle of the Dnepr. In: Dnipro Historical Museum . Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian, Ukrainian, original title: Сюжет диорамы “Битва за Днепр”). 
129. ↑ Website of the jew. Dnipropetrovsk municipality. In: Dnipropetrovsk Jewish Community. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
130. ↑ List of theaters and concert halls in Dnipropetrovsk. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 30, 2014 (Ukrainian, Russian). 
131. ↑ ^{a b} House of Organ and Chamber Music. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 30, 2014 (Russian, Ukrainian). 
132. ↑ Sauer-opus 2181 celebrates its 20th birthday - 20th anniversary in Dnepropetrovsk - Ukraine. (No longer available online.) In: W. Sauer Orgelbau Frankfurt (Oder) GmBH. Archived from the original on September 7, 2014 ; accessed on August 30, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
133. ↑ ^{a b} History of the House of Organ and Chamber Music. In: Website of the House of Organ and Chamber Music. Retrieved August 30, 2014 (Russian). 
134. ↑ Record of Architectural Monuments of National Importance in Dnepropetrovsk. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Ukrainian). 
135. ↑ Brief description of the student palace. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved on August 29, 2014 (Russian, Ukrainian): „„ Дворец Студентов Днепропетровск Национального Университета - Пам'ятки архітектур. значення "" 
136. ↑ Brief description of the Transfiguration Cathedral. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 29, 2014 (Russian, Ukrainian): „„ Спасо-Преображенский кафедральный собор - Пам'ятки архітектури нац. значення "" 
137. ↑ Brief description of the Historical Museum. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 29, 2014 (Russian, Ukrainian): "" Історичний музей ім. Д. І. Яворницького - Пам'ятки архітектури нац. значення "" 
138. ↑ Brief description of the National Mining University. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 29, 2014 (Russian, Unknown Language, Ukrainian): "" Національний Гірничий Униіверситет - Пам'ятки архітектури нац. значення "" 
139. ↑ Brief description of the Kodak fortress. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 29, 2014 (Russian, Ukrainian): „„ Кодацька фортеця - Пам'ятки архітектури нац. значення "" 
140. ↑ Record of the parks and parks in Dnepropetrovsk. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
141. ↑ Article on Shevchenko Park , accessed June 15, 2013.
142. ↑ Article on Lasar Hloba Park. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Ukrainian). 
143. ↑ The Juri Gagarin Park. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 24, 2016 (Russian, original title: Гагарина Юрия им. Парк ). 
144. ↑ The Botanical University Garden. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 25, 2016 (Russian, original title: Ботанический Сад Университета ). 
145. ↑ The "Volodja Dubinin Children's Park". In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 26, 2016 (Russian, original title: Володи Дубинина им. Сквер ). 
146. ↑ The city in parts - Chechelovka. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 24, 2016 (Russian, original title: Город по кусочкам - Чечеловка ). 
147. ↑ ^{a b c} Park of Remembrance and Reconciliation. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 24, 2016 (Russian, original title: Памяти и Примирения, парк ). 
148. ↑ Heroes' Square. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 26, 2016 (Russian, original title: Героев, сквер ). 
149. ↑ The Sevastopol Park. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 24, 2016 (Russian, original title: Севастопольский парк ). 
150. ↑ Парк 40-летия освобождения Днепропетровска - Днепр Инфо . In: Днепр Инфо . ( Online [accessed March 1, 2017]).
151. ↑ The "Bohdan-Khmelnyzkyj-Park". In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 27, 2016 (Russian, original title: Хмельницкого Богдана им. Парк ). 
152. ↑ The youth park "Novokodak". In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 27, 2016 (Russian, original title: Молодежный парк Новокодацкий ). 
153. ↑ The "Forest Park of Friendship of Nations". In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 27, 2016 (Russian, original title: Дружбы народов, лесопарк ). 
154. ↑ The "Grünes Wäldchen" park. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 31, 2016 (Russian, original title: Ленинского Комсомола парк ). 
155. ↑ The "Sagaidak Park". In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 31, 2016 (Russian, original title: Сагайдак (Воронцова) парк ). 
156. ↑ The "Kljujew" Park. In: City of Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved January 27, 2016 (Russian, original title: Клюева И.П. им., Сквер ). 
157. ↑ Press release on the official website of the association ( Memento of the original from July 21, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 17, 2015 
158. ^ Website of the BK Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. In: BK Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian, English). 
159. ^ Website of the Dnipropetrovsk Hockey Club. In: Hockey Club / Dnipropetrovsk Federation. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
160. ^ Rugby Union of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, last accessed on June 15, 2013 ( Memento of July 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
161. ↑ Website of the Ukrainian Bandy Association. In: Ukrainian Bandy Association. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian). 
162. ^ Article of the Federation of International Bandy on the Ukrainian bandy and in particular on the city of Dnepropetrovsk. (No longer available online.) In: Federation of International Bandy . Archived from the original on October 27, 2014 ; accessed on August 23, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
163. ^ Website of the IHK Dnipropetrovsk. In: IHK Dnipropetrovsk . Retrieved August 23, 2014 . 
164. ↑ Publication and presentation of the IHK Dnipropetrowsk by the IHK Magdeburg. (PDF (14.5 kB)) (No longer available online.) In: IHK Magdeburg . Archived from the original on January 10, 2014 ; accessed on August 23, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
165. ↑ Interpipe website. (No longer available online.) In: Interpipe . Archived from the original on August 12, 2014 ; Retrieved September 13, 2014 (English, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
166. ^ Website of the Evraz Group - Dnipropetrovsk. (No longer available online.) In: Evraz Group . Archived from the original on September 13, 2014 ; Retrieved September 13, 2014 (English, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
167. ↑ IN Knyshev: Article Dnepropetrovsker Metallurgisches Werk in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D030245~2a%3DDnepropetrovsker%20Metallurgical%20Werk~2b%3DDnepropetrowsker%20Metallurgical%20Werk
168. ↑ Dniproschina website. (No longer available online.) In: Dniproschina . Archived from the original on September 13, 2014 ; Retrieved September 13, 2014 (Russian, English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
169. ↑ Website of the Dnipropetrovsk electrical factory. In: Dnipropetrovsk Electric Factory. Retrieved September 13, 2014 (Russian). 
170. ↑ Russia and the Ukraine - the Soviet legacy beckons. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung online . April 13, 2014, accessed August 23, 2014 . 
171. ↑ List of banks in Dnepropetrovsk. (No longer available online.) In: dneprbanks.dp.ua/. Archived from the original on September 15, 2014 ; Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Russian, original title: Банки Днепропетровска). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
172. ↑ "AktaBank" website. (No longer available online.) In: AktaBank. Archived from the original on September 15, 2014 ; Retrieved September 14, 2014 (English, Ukrainian, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
173. ↑ "A-Bank" website. (No longer available online.) In: A-Bank. Archived from the original on September 15, 2014 ; Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Ukrainian, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
174. ↑ "Zemelni Kapital" website. In: Zemelni capital. Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Russian). 
175. ↑ "Neue Bank" website. (No longer available online.) In: Neue Bank. Archived from the original on October 21, 2014 ; Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Ukrainian, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
176. ↑ "WostokBank" website. In: WostokBank. Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Russian). 
177. ↑ "Bank Credit Dnepr" website. (No longer available online.) In: Bank Credit Dnepr. Archived from the original on October 13, 2014 ; Retrieved September 14, 2014 (English, Ukrainian, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
178. ↑ "ClassicBank" website. In: ClassicBank. Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Russian). 
179. ↑ "InterCreditBank" website. (No longer available online.) In: InterCreditBank. Archived from the original on September 15, 2014 ; Retrieved September 14, 2014 (English, Ukrainian, Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
180. ↑ "RadaBank" website. In: RadaBank. Retrieved September 14, 2014 (Russian). 
181. ↑ The Osjorka. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 26, 2014 (Russian). 
182. ↑ "Osjorka - A market place on marshland". (No longer available online.) In: www.realnest.com.ua/. Archived from the original on September 11, 2014 ; Retrieved on August 26, 2014 (Russian, original title: "Озерка". Рынок на месте болота). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
183. ↑ Presentation of the "Energoprom" trade fair. In: 10times.com. Retrieved on August 23, 2014 . 
184. ↑ Presentation of the "Energoprom" trade fair. In: expometeor.com. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
185. ↑ Presentation of the “LitEx” trade fair. In: 10times.com. Retrieved on August 23, 2014 . 
186. ↑ Presentation of the “LitEx” trade fair. In: expometeor.com. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
187. ↑ Presentation of the “Mashprom” trade fair. In: 10times.com. Retrieved on August 23, 2014 . 
188. ↑ Presentation of the “Mashprom” trade fair. In: expometeor.com. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
189. ↑ Presentation of the “Agroprom” trade fair. In: 10times.com. Retrieved on August 23, 2014 . 
190. ↑ Presentation of the “Agroprom” trade fair. In: expometeor.com. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
191. ↑ Presentation of the “Mirror of fashion” trade fair. In: expodatabase.de. Retrieved August 23, 2014 . 
192. ↑ Presentation of the “Mirror of fashion” trade fair. In: expometeor.com. Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). 
193. ↑ Listing of the routes of the Dnepropetrovsk marshrutkas. (No longer available online.) In: mtaxi.dp.ua. Archived from the original on August 26, 2014 ; Retrieved August 23, 2014 (Russian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
194. ↑ Interactive map with the routes and the current location of all GPS-enabled Dnipro marshrutkas. In: transit.in.ua. Archived from the original on December 16, 2014 ; Retrieved January 17, 2016 (Russian). 
195. ↑ Article about the construction of the Dnipropetrovsk Metro by Sumitomo Shōji. (No longer available online.) In: ukrinform.ua. March 9, 2009, formerly in the original ; Retrieved on August 23, 2014 (Russian, construction company is Sumitomo Shōji ).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
196. ^ History of the bridges in Dnepropetrovsk. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 24, 2014 (Russian, original title: Мосты Днепропетровска). 
197. ↑ Article about the longest bridge in Ukraine, the new (white) bridge in Dnipropetrovsk. (No longer available online.) In: tripua.info. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012 ; Retrieved on August 24, 2014 (Russian, original title: Самый длинный мост в Украине (Фото). Центральный (Новый, Белый) мост в Днепропетро). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
198. ↑ ^{a b} Website of the operating company of the Dnipropetrovsk inland port with an article on the port. (No longer available online.) In: Ukrrichflot . Archived from the original on October 17, 2013 ; Retrieved August 24, 2014 (English, Russian, Ukrainian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
199. ↑ Article on the Dnipropetrovsk - Dubai airline. In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. March 20, 2013, accessed on August 24, 2014 (English, original title: flydubai doubles Russia and Ukraine network): "" The route map in Ukraine will also expand to include the only direct services from Dubai to ... Dnepropetrovsk in the east of the country. "" 
200. ↑ Article on the history of Dnipropetrovsk airport (part 2). In: Dnipropetrovsk city website. Retrieved August 24, 2014 (Russian, original title: История днепропетровского аэропорта. Часть 2). 
201. ↑ Report by UNAIDS and the International HIV / AIDS Alliance in Ukraine on the spread of HIV / AIDS in Ukraine for the period January 2006 - December 2007 (English) , accessed on data.unaids.org (PDF; 2.2  mb ) on January 10, 2014, ISBN 978-966-2157-04-8 .

This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on September 26, 2014 .