Major works of brick Gothic

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The (northern) brick Gothic is a type of Gothic construction that is widespread in northern Germany , the Baltic Sea region , the Netherlands and Flanders . The North German brick Gothic is only part of it. Numerous old towns, which are characterized by the brick architecture, have been declared world cultural heritage. The brick Gothic is only vaguely delimited from the previous brick Romanesque and the subsequent brick Renaissance. Often Romanesque buildings were built over or converted in Gothic style, others started in Romanesque style, but because of the often decades of construction, they were completed in Gothic style. Such buildings can often be assigned to the Romanesque as well as the Gothic.

The distribution area of ​​the (northern) brick Gothic largely coincides with the area of ​​influence of the Hanseatic League and its Western European trading partners or competitors. About 40% of the brick Gothic buildings are located south of the Baltic Sea east of the Elbe , more than a quarter west of the Ems and almost a quarter in Northern Europe, most of them in Denmark and nothing in Norway . The southern border runs near the northern edge of the low mountain range. On the one hand there are areas where almost every village church is a Gothic brick church, for example in Mecklenburg or on the great arms of the Rhine , on the other hand there are areas where only certain building types belong to the brick Gothic . In some areas, visible brick could express scarce resources (village churches) or modesty (e.g. the mendicant orders ), in others ( town halls , large city churches, cathedrals , castle churches ).

The Cistercians and Premonstratensians contributed greatly to the spread of brick Gothic . It was precisely these two religious orders that left behind significant Gothic brick architecture outside the contiguous area of ​​northern brick Gothic: The library of the Cîteaux Abbey , the mother monastery of all Cistercian monasteries, is a Gothic brick building built in several phases from 1260 to 1509. The style of the church of the Türje Premonstratensian monastery in Hungary , built from 1230 onwards, hardly differs from the early Gothic brick buildings in the Altmark . The Teutonic Order built a large number of brick monastic castles between the lower Vistula and lower Memel , but also in Gdansk Pomerania , which was annexed in violation of the order , which were often both well-fortified and representative. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania also built Gothic fortresses made of brick, becoming a state and ultimately a great power in the resistance against the Teutonic Order. The brick buildings of the Livonian Order are of the greatest importance in the architectural heritage of Latvia and Estonia , but their number is surprisingly few.

In Belgium, the brick border is close to the language border, with a lot of brick Gothic in Bruges and all of West Flanders , but very little in the Flemish-speaking cities of Ghent and Antwerp (supply of limestone from Tournai on the Scheldt ). On the Meuse , the largest churches in Venlo and Roermond belong to the brick Gothic. On the Lower Rhine, brick took off slowly compared to tuff stone built in a similarly manageable format , but south of Cologne (in the city, brick building worth mentioning only began with the Renaissance), there is a Gothic brick basilica from the early 14th century in Brühl . On the Ems, the use of sandstone from the Weserbergland and the Bentheimer Berg protrudes like a nose into the brick area, while near the coast the Dutch province of Groningen and East Frisia have the highest densities of brick Gothic buildings in Europe, often in the early Gothic form of the Romano Gothic . In Saxony-Anhalt , most of the brick Gothic is north of the geographical latitude of Jerichow , but east of the Mulde it extends into the hilly foothills of the southern border mountains in Saxony and Poland .

The list shows buildings that were stylistically influential or that had special significance due to their function. The inclusion criterion for this is that the building is treated accordingly in art historical overview works on brick Gothic and / or its outstanding importance is mentioned in scientific architecture manuals or monument portals or has been determined in several individual scientific studies.

The dates given refer to the Gothic buildings that exist today, predecessor buildings and post-Gothic changes are usually not given and must be traced via the respective individual items. The most influential main buildings of the brick Gothic are highlighted in bold.

Gothic brick buildings that do not belong to the cultural area of ​​the southern North Sea coast and the Baltic Sea region, such as those of the Danube region , are not included, although in Bavaria, for example, one speaks of Bavarian brick Gothic . In his book Ways to Brick Gothic , Gottfried Kiesow mentioned the cathedral of Albi in addition to the Munich Frauenkirche because of typical brick Gothic features . This belongs to the Toulouser Gothic (Gothique toulousien) , the brick variant of the southern French Gothic (Gothique méridional) .

Germany

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Altentreptow Petrikirche Middle of the 13th to the first half of the 14th century Hall church
Altentreptow St. Peter Church 28-07-2008.jpg
City gates: Brandenburg Gate, Demminer Gate around 1450
Altentreptow Neubrandenburger Tor.jpg
Anklam Marienkirche second half of the 13th to the end of the 14th century Hall church ; Planned twin tower system unfinished (hence asymmetrical tower)
MarienkircheAnklam.JPG
Stone gate 13./14. century
Steintor Anklam.JPG
Nikolaikirche 14th Century Heavily destroyed in 1945, the ruin restored, under reconstruction
Anklam Nikolaikirche Dec 2012.JPG
Bad Doberan Doberan Minster Begun in 1291, consecrated in 1368 former monastery church of the Cistercians ; basilica
Doberan Minster-View.from.SE.jpg
Mountains on Rügen Marienkirche Construction began in 1180, consecrated in 1193, 1380 and renewed after 1445 former monastery church of the Benedictines and Cistercians; basilica
Bergen-on-ruegen-marienkirche thfr.jpg
Bützow Collegiate church Middle of the 13th to the second half of the 14th century Hall church
Buetzow Collegiate Church 2009-03-04 025.jpg
Friedland Marienkirche 1330 to the beginning of the 15th century Hall church
MarienkircheFriedland.JPG
Greifswald "Cathedral" St. Nikolai Mid-14th century to first quarter of the 15th century basilica
Cathedral St. Nicolai Greifswald.JPG
Marienkirche 1275-1340 Hall church
Marienkirche Greifswald.jpg
St. Jacobi Church first mentioned in 1280, reconstruction around 1400 early Gothic hall church
Greifswaldjakobi.jpg
House Markt 11 probably after 1400 one of the most ornate town houses in northern Germany
Greifswald - Marketplace 1.jpg
near Greifswald Eldena Monastery Begun in 1225, temporarily finished in 1265, expanded to 1350 former Cistercian monastery; only ruins; one of Caspar David Friedrich's favorite motifs
Greifswald monastery ruins-Eldena July-2007 SL270154.JPG
Guestrow Dom early 13th to late 15th centuries Hall church
Guestrow Dom.jpg
Parish Church of St. Mary Hall church with parallel longitudinal roofs
Güstrow-StMarien-2010 ReiKi.jpg
Malchin City Church of St. Johannis from 1397 basilica
Malchin-Stadtkirche.jpg
City fortifications, Kalensches gate , stone gate , fishing tower 15th century
Kalensches Tor 2 Malchin.JPG
Neubrandenburg Marienkirche second half of the 13th century, remodeling from 1832, burnt out in 1945 Up to 2001 interior construction to the concert church
NB-St-Marien-Kirche-26-VIII-2007-57.jpg
St. Johannis first half of the 14th century Hall church; former Franciscan monastery
NB-St.-Johanneskirche-02-06-2008-057b.jpg
City fortifications, Stargarder Tor , Treptower Tor , Neues Tor , Friedländer Tor after 1300 to the beginning of the 15th century
NB-Treptower-Tor-11-IV-2007-071.jpg
Rostock Marienkirche two construction phases after 1290 and after 1398 Basilica; Rostock main church
Marienkirche in Rostock.jpg
Nikolaikirche today's appearance after 1400
Rostock St. Nikolai Church.jpg
Petrikirche between the second quarter of the 14th and early 15th centuries
Petrikirche with city wall-3.jpg
town hall essentially around 1230; Gothic front after 1300 since 1729 largely covered by a baroque porch
VSR-Rathaus.jpg
Holy Cross Monastery first half of the 14th century former Cistercian convent
Monastery hl cross rostock.jpg
Jakobikirche Burned out in World War II , collapsed in 1947, finally demolished in 1960
Rostock Jacobikirche.jpg
House at Kröpeliner Strasse Late 15th century former rectory (today city library)
KröpelinerStrStadtbibliothek.jpg
Kerkhoffhaus 3rd quarter of the 15th century Bürgerhaus (today registry office)
Kerkhoffhaus.jpg
City gates ( Kröpeliner Tor , Kuhtor ) 13-15 century
Rostock Kröpeliner Tor.jpg
room Village church Dated 1285 (d) three-aisled hall church
Village church hall 1.jpg
Schwerin Dom around 1280 to around 1420, neo-Gothic tower from 1889 to 1893 basilica
Schwerin Cathedral from Post.JPG
Sternberg City Church 1309-1322 Hall church
Sternberg Church 2009-04-16 038.jpg
Stralsund Old town On the UNESCO World Heritage List
Stralsund St Nikolai St Jakobi.jpg
Nikolaikirche around 1270 to the beginning of the 15th century Main church in Stralsund
Stralsund St Nikolai.jpg
town hall emerged in several stages in the 13th and 14th centuries most important urban secular building in Stralsund
Stralsund-1.jpg
Marienkirche 1382/84 to the end of the 15th century second largest brick church in the Hanseatic region; basilica
Stralsund Marienkirche 2006.jpg
Jakobikirche today's construction started after 1300, redesigned after 1400 basilica
Stralsund St Jakobi.jpg
Johanniskloster early 14th century former Franciscan monastery ; Hall church
Stralsund, Germany, Johanniskloster (2006-09-15) .JPG
Wulflamhaus
Stralsund, Germany, Wulflamhaus.jpg
Catherine's Monastery second half of the 13th century former Dominican monastery
Stralsund, Germany, Katharinenkloster, Giebel (2006-10-18) .JPG
Teterow City Church of St. Peter and Paul from 1215; Tower first half of the 15th century basilica
Teterow-kirche2008.jpg
City gates ( Rostocker Tor , Malchiner Tor ) 14th Century
Teterow-rostocker-tor.jpg
Wismar Old town On the UNESCO World Heritage List
WismarAlterSchwede.jpg
Georgen Church oldest part around 1300, completed in the 15th century is one of the most monumental and important buildings in the Baltic Sea region
Wismar St. Georgen 2008-06-10 059.jpg
Nikolaikirche today's construction started after 1380 and finished in the second half of the 15th century steeply proportioned basilica with flying buttresses and rich furnishings
Wismar nikolaikirche.jpg
Marienkirche started after 1339, finished in the 15th century After being damaged in the Second World War, the church was blown up in 1960, today only the tower is standing, until then it was considered one of the most beautiful churches in northern Germany
Wismar St. Marien 2008-06-10.jpg
Gosh around 1380 Residential building (today restaurant)
WismarAlterSchwede.jpg
Archdeaconate Mid 15th century Residential building
Wismar Archidiakonat.jpg
Water gate 1450
Wismar Water Gate 2009-04-21 017.jpg

Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Cismar Cismar Monastery 13th Century former Benedictine monastery
Cismar.Westfront.wmt.jpg
Eutin St. Michaelis Church 1. Dr. 13th century,
14th century,
15th century
Eutin 2005 110a.jpg
Flensburg Nikolaikirche between 1390 and 1480 two construction phases;
the compromise between the choir gable and the polygonal end of the choir is typically Danish.
Flensburg, Nikolaikirche.jpg
Hamburg St. Petri
Kościółhamburg.jpg
St. Catherine's
Hamburg, Speicherstadt, Kannengießerortbrücke, Block P (and Katharinenkirche) - 2016 - 2986.jpg
St. Jakobi
St. Jacobi (Hamburg-Altstadt) .11866.ajb.jpg
Lübeck Old town On the UNESCO World Heritage List
Lübeck Schiffergesellschaft 070311.jpg
Marienkirche 1251 to the
end of the 14th century
Basilica; most influential masterpiece of brick
Gothic , towers despite Gothic windows u. Ornamental forms in Romanesque statics
Église Sainte-Marie de Lübeck.jpg
town hall Main building 1340–50, the so-called long house 1298–1308, war room building 1442–44,
one of the most important secular buildings of the brick Gothic,
but street facade of the main building anticipation of later styles: segmented arches, emphasis on the horizontal
Luebeck town hall on the market seen from the southwest -20100905.jpg
Dom Brick from 1173,
Gothic from 1266
Laying of the foundation stone by Heinrich the Lion ,
consecrated in 1247,
alterations until the 15th century
Lübeck Cathedral from the West 070311.jpg
Holsten Gate 1466-78 later heavily expanded, at times two outer gates
Holsten Gate 03.jpg
Castle Gate (Lübeck)
Luebeck Burgtor 1900.jpg
Petrikirche 13th - 15th century several construction phases
Germany Luebeck St Petri Turm.jpg
Jakobikirche after 1276 to 1334
Jakobikirche.JPG
Aegidienkirche 1st half of the 14th century
Aegiedienkirche Lübeck1.jpg
Katharinenkirche 1300-1330 former Franciscan monastery church
Katharinenkirche Lübeck.jpg
Holy Spirit Hospital around 1276 to 1286
Luebeck-Heiligen-Geist-Hospital seen from the west-20100905.jpg
Castle monastery after 1276 to 1401 former Dominican monastery
Luebeck Castle Monastery 223237274.jpg
St. Anne's Monastery former Augustinian convent , damaged by fire in 1843
Meier Brand Annenkloster1843.jpg
Chancellery building 1484 Expanded in 1588 and 1614
Lübeck office building.01.jpg
Meldorf St. John's Church 1230-1300
MeldorfDom-2klein.jpg
Mölln Möllner town hall 1373 Building from the time when Mölln was pledged by Lübeck. Burnt down in
1409 by the Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg and rebuilt with the help of Lübeck.
Open court arbor from 1475.
Moelln old town hall crop.jpg
Schleswig St. Petri Cathedral Brick from 1180,
Gothic from 1275
Schleswig Cathedral 0734.jpg
from around 1130 cast stone masonry with granite - u. Tuff facing,
between 1275 u. 1300 hall choir, from 1408 the nave was converted into a hall,
replacing the previous free-standing bell house. Tower 1888–94, simplified restoration after the Second World War
Schleswig - Süderdomstrasse - Dom ex 04 ies.jpg

Brandenburg , Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Angermünde Holy Spirit Chapel 14./15. century Belonged to the Holy Spirit hospital, which in the Thirty Years' War was destroyed
Heilig-Geist-KapvNW.JPG
Bad Wilsnack Miracle Blood Church of St. Nikolai Main pilgrimage church in Northern Germany
Prignitz 07-13 img09 Bad Wilsnack Church.jpg
Berlin Marienkirche
MarKirche 1a.jpg
Nikolaikirche
Nikolaikirche 1a.jpg
Gray monastery Late 13th century former Franciscan monastery; ruin since World War II
Franciscan Monastery Church Berlin Mitte.jpg
Brandenburg Church of St. Catherine two construction phases after 1401 virtuoso design by Hinrich Brunsberg with fine tracery and large sculpture made of fired clay
BRB Katharinen767Türme + Schiff + Südkapelle.JPG
St. Peter and Paul Cathedral Main construction period 1165–1240 first brick church in the Mark Brandenburg
BRB-Dom3.jpg
Old Town Hall Main construction period 1450–1468
Old town hall brandenburg 4.jpg
Ordinance house Main construction period 1300–1310 probably the oldest stone secular building in the Mark Brandenburg
Ordonnanzhaus brb.jpg
Gothic house 1452
Gothic house (Brandenburg an der Havel) traufe.jpg
St. Gotthardt Main construction period 1450–1468 Romanesque west portal and baroque tower,
St gotthard brandenburg.jpg
former Marienkirche Begun around 1220, demolished in 1722 formerly important pilgrimage church
Chorin Chorin Monastery former Cistercian monastery
Chorin Monastery.jpg
Doberlug-Kirchhain Dobrilugk Monastery former Cistercian monastery; Aisles dismantled
Doberlug-Kirchhain May2015 img5 Klosterkirche.jpg
Frankfurt (Oder) Marienkirche 1253–1367, choir completed in 1367, extensions in the 15th century
Marienkirche FFO.jpg
town hall Begun in 1253, expanded in the 14th century
FrankfurtOderRathaus.JPG
Havelberg Havelberg Cathedral largely rebuilt in a Gothic style after a fire in 1279–1330
Havelberg Klosterhof.jpg
Jueterbog town hall
Jüterbog Rathaus.jpg
Monastery
Jueterbog Moenchenkloster.jpg
Jüterbog OT Zinna Zinna Monastery Main construction period from 1220 former Cistercian monastery
Jueterbog Monastery Zinna Monastery 02.jpg
Lehnin Lehnin Monastery from the end of the 12th century, consecrated in 1262 or 1270
Lehnin Church1.JPG
Prenzlau Marienkirche Two construction phases: 1289 to 1340 with lower tower floors in field stone,
15th century ( Hinrich Brunsberg ) East gable with freely placed tracery, here made of brick, otherwise a specialty of the stone Gothic
Prenzlau St Marien.jpg
Salzwedel St. Catherine's Begun in 1280 and completed around 1500
Salzwedel Katharinenkirche.jpg
St. Mary Gothic new building 1350–1550 instead of a Romanesque predecessor
Marienkirche from the north.jpg
Monk church Begun in 1250 former Franciscan monastery, cloister available
Mönchskirche from the new town hall.jpg
former town hall old town Begun in 1509
Salzwedel Old Town Hall.jpg
City fortifications (Steintor, Neuperver Tor)
Salzwedel Steintor.jpg
Stendal Marienkirche
Stendal Market.jpg
St. Nicholas Cathedral 1423 to the middle of the 15th century
Stendaler Dom.jpg
town hall Gothic part early 15th century
Stendal-roland.jpg
City fortifications ( Tangermünder Tor , Uenglinger Tor )
Uenglinger Tor.jpg
Tangermünde town hall around 1430
Tangermünde Town Hall.jpeg
Stephanskirche 14th Century
Stephanskirche, Tangermuende, Germany.jpg
City fortifications ( Eulenturm , Neustädter Tor , Elbtor ) 14th to 15th century
Tangermünde Elbtor.jpg
Advertise (Elbe) St. Johannis 15th century with older parts Hall church with a roof that can be seen from afar Advertise St. John-01.jpg
Elbtor (city fortifications) around 1470
Advertise Elbtor.JPG
Wittstock / Dosse Marienkirche 13th to 15th centuries
Wittstock-Church-St.-Marien-09-08-2008-073.jpg

Lower Saxony and Bremen

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Bardowick "Dom" Peter and Paul 1389-1485
Bardowick.dom.sum.wmt.jpg
Braunschweig Libry 1413-1422 oldest library building in Germany
Braunschweig Liberei General view from Suedwesten.jpg
Bremen St. Martini late goth.
Remodeling in
1384
from 1229/1230 initially built as a basilica,
late Gothic conversion to a hall church,
some sandstone on the tower and some buttresses
Martinikirche Weserseite 2020-04-08 (100) .JPG
town hall Gothic 1405–1410 red and dark glazed brick,
sandstone sculptures original Gothic furnishings from 1410,
1608–1612 conversion to the Weser Renaissance ,
Gothic windows preserved on the narrow sides;
World Heritage 2004
1544Bremer Rathaus from NW.jpg
Bunde ,
Ldkr. Leer
reformed Church around 1200 and 1270/80 Romanesque nave, Romano-Gothic eastern section, 19th century tower
Bunde Martinskirche from NO (TdoD) 02 ies.jpg
Ebstorf monastery 14th Century Premonstratensian, later Benedictine convent
Ebstorf-Klosterkirche-1168.jpg
Eilsum ,
Krummhörn ,
district Aurich
Eilsumer Church 1230-1260 Romano-Gothic : windows and panels with partly round, partly slightly pointed arches staggered in height on the longitudinal facades, inside with pointed arched ribbed vaults ; the only choir tower in East Frisia
Eilsum Church 2014.jpg
Hanover Market Church 14th Century
Hanover Market Church.jpg
Hude monastery 13th Century ruin today
Monastery Hude1.jpg
Luneburg St. Johannis 1300-1370 one of the few churches in Germany with parallel longitudinal roofs. This roof arrangement is common in Gdansk and Flanders
Lueneburg St Johannis IMGP9335 wp.jpg
town hall 1247 Council Chapel (formerly Heiliggeistkapelle), 1328–1337 Council Chamber, Gewandhaus, wine cellar, 1476–1482 “Treasury building”, 1567–1582 New Town Hall (Gothic outside, Renaissance inside); 1762 collapse and rebuilding of the market front
Lueneburg Town Hall Gothic.jpg
Michaeliskirche around 1375
St. Michaelis Church in Lüneburg.jpg
Nikolaikirche 1407-1440
Nicolaikirche Lüneburg Ondra.jpg
Marienhafe Marienkirche Mid 13th century built as a three-aisled basilica with a transept;
In 1829, due to dilapidation, the choir, transept, side aisles and tall nave walls were demolished and the tower lowered,
therefore all outer walls except for the tower redesigned.
Tower formerly also sea ​​mark .
Church Marienhafe38.jpg
Uelzen St. Marien Church Uelzen 13-14 century
Uelzen - St. Mary's Church, tower.jpg
Verden Dom 1290-1323
and 1473-1490
Tower in the middle of the 12th century from the previous Romanesque building,
choir and south transept faced with sandstone,
above two-tone brick and plastered panels
L1020950Verden Dom v SO.jpg
Wienhausen Wienhausen Monastery 13th and 14th centuries Cistercian convent
Wienhausen Monastery.jpg

North Rhine-Westphalia

D-NR is the page number in the Dehio-Handbuch Nordrhein-Westfalen I - Rheinland (2005)

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Brühl ,
between Cologne
and Bonn
St. Margaret Church
D-NR p. 218 f.
Middle of the 14th century southernmost Gothic brick church near the Rhine ;
Basilica; Gothic tower and nave between 1332 and 1349,
neo-Gothic 1885–1887 choir, transept and the buttresses of the nave
Brühl St. Margareta 137.JPG
Burlo
( bark )
St. Mary 13-15 Century restored in the 17th century; Cistercian, since 1921 oblate monastery
St. Mary's Burlo.jpg
Dusseldorf St. Lambertus Church 1370-1394
Düsseldorf - St. Lambertus - panoramio.jpg
helped brick to break through in church construction on the Lower Rhine,
hall church with three parallel naves and roofs, tuff tower, founded as a collegiate church
Düsseldorf (DerHexer) 2010-08-13 067.jpg
Kreuzherrenkirche from 1443 2-aisled hall church
Kreuzherrenkirche (Düsseldorf) .JPG
Goch St. Mary Magdalene Church Tower replaced moderately modern after collapse
St. Maria Magdalena (Goch) 5.JPG
House for the five rings
Goch, House of the Five Rings, 2012-05 CN-01.jpg
John Convention Long-hidden brick only brought to light again in the 21st century
StBuechGoch.jpg
Kalkar ,
Kleve district
St. Nicolai Church 15th century
Kalkar Market PM16 01.jpg
more than half of the south side is faced with tuff stone;
Hall church
Kalkar Nicolai.JPG
town hall 1446
Kalkar, Town Hall 001.JPG
Town houses:
  • Grabenstrasse 66 (1500), ht. Museum,
  • Hanselaerstraße 5 (1430), ht. Archive,
  • Market 6 (material composition),
  • Kirchplatz 2 (core 15th century),
  • Monrestrasse 15 (14th / 15th century)
Kalkar Grabenstrasse 66.jpg  Kalkar Hanselaerstraße 5 PM16 1.jpg Kalkar Market 6 PM16-01.jpg Kalkar Kirchplatz 2 PM16 1.jpg Kalkar Monrestrasse 15.jpg
Lechenich,
Erftstadt
Lechenich State Castle 1308 oldest large brick building in the German Lower Rhine region
Lechenich State Castle 04.jpg
Wolbeck ,
City of Munster
Drostenhof Gatehouse 1545 Gatehouse late Gothic, main building early Renaissance
MuensterWolbeckDrostenhofStrassseite.jpg

Belgium

The widespread use of yellow brick in the Flemish brick Gothic is explained by the fact that in many places clay deposits were scooped up to greater depths where the iron content is lower.

(CC) are links to the picture collections in the sister project Wikimedia Commons .

OE are the often detailed descriptions in the monument database of the Flemish monument authority Agentschap O nroerend E rfgoed (Immovable Heritage Agency) .

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Antwerp ,
in the Middle Ages Hzm. Brabant
Vleeshuis
(meat shop) (CC)
OE 4678
from 1501 Brick core masonry,
outer skin change of layers of stone and brick
Vleeshuis Antwerp achterzijde.jpg
Beersel ,
Flemish Brabant
Beersel Castle
OE 38873
1300-1310
u. 1491-1506
after being destroyed in the Brussels uprising (1488–1489), rebuilt in Gothic-Renaissance transitional style
BurgBeersel.jpg
Bruges ,
West Flanders
Old town as a world cultural heritage
Brugge Wijnzakstraat 2 + Sint-Jansplein 12.jpg
The historic old town of Bruges has been declared a World Heritage Site because of its brick Gothic.
Brugge Genthof 1-3.JPG
Belfry and halls
OE 29457
Brick
end of 13th century
- end of 15th century
Belfort van Brugge (1) .jpg
St. Salvator's Cathedral
OE 29716
yellow brick,
choir since 1275,
transept since 1360,
current nave and aisles 1481–1557
Sint-Salvatorskathedraal - Bruges - IMG 4687.JPG
Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk
OE 82359
Tower around
or from 1280
With the exception of the west facade, the church is essentially made of brick
Brugge OLV-kerk R01.jpg
Sint-Janshospitaal (CC)
OE 82360
Gothic hospital rooms 2nd half of the 13th century,
Corneliuskapel 15th century
00 Bruges JPG6.jpg
Damme ,
West Flanders
Huyse de Grote Sterre (CC)
OE 78680
15th century Core older
Damme, monumental panden Huyse de Grote Sterre RM78680 foto6 2011-08-21 16.10.jpg
Enghien ,
Prov. Hainaut
Saint-Nicolas Church (CC) ,
MB 55010-CLT-0002-01
14th century
Enghien 050918 (5) .JPG
Ghent ,
East Flanders
Bijloke Abbey (CC)
OE 20338
Brick
1316-1323
the older 11 yoke long hospital ward made of Tournai limestone , the younger “Craekhuys” made of brick
Bijloke gent.JPG
Heers ,
Belgian Limburg
Heers Castle (CC)
OE 32027
late 15th -
early 16th century
Kasteelheers.jpg
Hoogstraten ,
Prov. Antwerp ,
in the MA Hzm. Brabant
Sint-Catharinakerk (CC)
OE 46578
1525-1550
46578 Decanale kerk Sint-Catharina 2.jpg
Kortrijk ,
West Flanders
Groeningeabdij (CC)
OE 59636
End of the 16th century especially the former dormitory
Kortrijk Groeningeabdij museum.JPG
Poperinge ,
West Flanders
Sint-Bertinuskerk (CC)
OE 31244
15th century Hall church with parallel longitudinal roofs
Poperinge - Sint-Bertinuskerk 1.jpg
Sint-Janskerk (CC)
OE 31213
13-15 Century stabilized in the 19th century and changed somewhat
Poperinge - Sint-Janskerk.jpg
Onze-Lieve-Vrouwkerk (CC)
OE 30986
End of the 13th to 14th centuries Hall church with parallel longitudinal roofs
Poperinge - Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk 1.jpg

Denmark

FBB are entries in the official Danish monument portal F redede og B evarensværdige B byygninger (Protected and worthy of preservation buildings)

NM is the N ational M issued useet (Nationalmuseium) Compendium Danmarks Kirker , whose detailed descriptions are building retrieve PDF.

Trap = Statistics-Topographisk Beskrivelse af Kongeriket Danmark (statistical-topographical description of the Kingdom of Denmark), started by State Secretary Jens Peter Trap , later continued by H. Weitemeyer, V. Falbe-Hansen and H. Westergaard. The 3rd edition (Trap3) contains detailed building descriptions and is available non-commercially on the Internet.

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Aalborg ,
North Jutland
Budolfi Church around 1450 all white geschlämmter brick;
northern chapel and 14 meters of the choir added in 1942–1944
Aalborg church.JPG
Aalborgs Monastery (CC) this wing 1506
Aalborg (DK) Latinergyden - panoramio.jpg
Aarhus ,
Central Jutland
Dom End of the 14th century
to 1500
Domkirke1.jpg
Vor Frue Kirke Middle of the 13th century
to 1500
Vor Frue Kirke Århus.jpg
Faxes Fax Kirke 15th century common in the east of the island of Zealand : the combination of brick with strips of chalk blocks
05-07-30-f2 copy Faxe kirke.jpg
Haderslev ,
southern Jutland
St. Mary's Cathedral Mid-14th century
to 1440
Haderslev Domkirke.jpg
Elsinore Carmelite monastery
with St. Mary's Church
since 1430 is considered the best preserved monastery in Northern Europe
Sankt Mariae Helsingoer.jpg
Horsens ,
east coast of
central Jutland
Horsens Klosterkirke ,
NM (→ PDF)
1261-1275
Klosterkirken Horsens.jpg
Copenhagen
(København)
Helligåndshuset  (CC)
(Holy Spirit Hospital)
FBB 3100443
around 1470
Helligåndshuset Copenhagen northwest.jpg
Løgumkloster ,
Tønder Kom.
Other places see below
Løgum Monastery / Lügum
D-NO p. 285 , NM (→ PDF)
1225-1325
Løgumkloster kirke - nave 1.jpg
Most important Cistercian monastery in Jutland,
begun in Romanesque, completed in early Gothic,
all brick
Logumkloster Kirche.jpg
Mariager ,
Mariagerfjord ,
North Jutland
Mariager Abbey Church (CC) 15th century former monastery u. Pilgrimage church,
white washed brick
Mariager Kirke2.JPG
Næstved Sankt Peders Kirke (CC) ,
NM (→ PDF)
12th to
14th century
built on the ground of an earlier Romanesque church;
the Gothic pseudo-basilica has hardly been changed since 1375.
Sankt Peders Kirke, marts 2018.jpg
Old Town Hall (CC) FBB 10050069 15th century
Old Town Hall (Næstved) .jpg
Nykøbing Mors ,
Mors Island
in the Limfjord
Dueholm Kloster
(CC) , NM (→ PDF) ,
FBB 19725715
founded in 1370 white putty brick;
Nykøbing Mors - Dueholm Kloster.jpg
Odense St. Knud
Odense - Sankt Knuds kirke 2005-07-16.jpeg
Randers Sankt Morten Kirke
(CC) , Trap 3-4, p 788 / 789
1490-1520 former abbey church,
today's Gothic church instead of an older stone church;
Tower 1795–1797
Sct mortens kirke randers 2018.jpg
Ribe ,
Esbjerg municipality ,
southern Jutland
St. Mary's Cathedral in the 12th and 13th centuries Romanesque made of tuff, sandstone and granite;
later extended with brick in Gothic style;
significant changes in the 19th century
Ribe, Denmark, Dom2.jpg
Tapdrup, Viborg
Municipality
Tapdrup Kirke
(CC) Trap 3-4, p. 689
not a "masterpiece", but typical of Jutland:
small village church of high quality granite block-masonry with sophisticated granite portal,
simple Gothic brick tower white elutriated , down from reused blocks
Tapdrup Kirke.JPG
Viborg ,
Central Jutland
Domprovstegården (CC) End of 15th century Residence of the dean of the cathedral
Domprovstegården Viborg Denmark.jpg
Gråbrødreklosteret (CC)
(Gråbrødreklosteret)
13th century Changes since 1545
Gråbrødreklosteret-Viborg.jpg

Estonia

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Tartu (Dorpat) Dom 15th century destroyed in the Northern War ; in the eastern part of the ruin, today the university museum . Original height of the towers 66 meters (today 22 meters)
Tartu Cathedral Ruins 2.jpg
Johanniskirche Early 14th century Terracotta sculptures
Tartu Jaani Church 2007 13.jpg

Finland

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Espoo Dom Parts in brick Gothic
Espoo Cathedral.jpg
Hämeenlinna Häme Castle 1300-1450
Castle-of-Häme-from-main-entrance-embankment.JPG
Hattula Holy Cross Church
Hattula church of the Holy Cross 20050909.jpg
Porvoo Dom
Porvoon Tuomiokirkko.jpg
Turku Dom
Turku cathedral 26-Dec-2004.jpg
Marienkirche
Maarian kirkko.jpg

France - Nord and Pas-de-Calais departments

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Arras
Pas-de-Calais
Hôtel Les Trois Luppars
(House of the Three Leopards) (CC)
1467
Arras, La Grande Place 035d.jpg
Dunkerque
(Dunkirk),
North department
Belfry of Dunkirk 1233 In the middle of the 15th century;
Part of the Belfries World Heritage Site in Belgium and Northern France ;
resembles the tower of St. Mary's Church in Gdańsk
Dunkerque Belfort perpend.jpg
Saint-Eloi Church (CC) 1450 and 1560 initially attached to the existing belfry;
after a fire of 1558 enlarged but rebuilt without connection to the tower
Sinteligiuskerkduinkerke 11-03-2009 16-38-21.JPG

Latvia

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Riga Old town On the UNESCO World Heritage List
Riga - Latvia.jpg
Dom 13th Century
Riga Dom-Düna.jpg
St. Petri 13-15 century Basilica choir without buttresses, resembles the somewhat older one of the Martinikerk in Groningen
Riga - Svētā Jāņa evaņģēliski luteriskā baznīca - panoramio (2) .jpg
St. Jakobi 13th Century
Latvia Riga St.Jacob church.jpg
St. John 15th century former Dominican Church
Riga St. John's Church 133731389 crop rotate.jpg
House of the Blackheads Torn down after being destroyed in World War II, reconstructed true to the original from 1993–1999
44-house of the blackheads-riga.JPG

Lithuania

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Vilnius Anna Church Late Gothic
Vilnius St Anns church.jpg
Kaunas Dom Construction from 1408
Lithuania Kaunas Franciscan Vytautas Church.jpg
Trakai Castle 14th Century Seat of the Lithuanian Grand Dukes and bulwark against the Teutonic Order
Trakai-Troki.jpg

Netherlands

This compilation is a selection from those buildings that are not only described in detail for their locations in the multi-volume monument compendium Monuments in Nederland , but are also highlighted in the introductory chapters of their provinces.

(CC) are links to the picture collections in the sister project Wikimedia Commons .

RCE are the entries in the monument database of the R ijksdienst voor het C ultureel Erfgoed (Reich Service for Cultural Heritage) .

With the Reformation, patronage was abolished in the Netherlands . Today the official and the medieval name of a church are often connected by "of" (or) .

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Aardenburg ,
Sluis ,
Zeeland
Prot. Sint-Bavo Kerk (CC) ,
RCE 6880
Ship 1220,
hall choir
mid-14th century
Aardenburg Sint Baafskerk1.JPG
Aarle-Rixtel,
Helmond ,
North Brabant
Castle Croy (CC) ,
RCE 515752
15th century
Linker zijgevel met hoektorens en gedeelte achtergevel Croy 20348807 RCE.jpg
Aduard,
Westerkwartier ,
Prov. Groningen
"Abbey Church" (CC)
RCE 7075
early 14th century
Vanuit het zuid-oosten - Aduard - 20004679 - RCE.jpg
former hospital ward, today prot. Village church,
modernized in the early modern period, brought
back to the medieval shape in the 20th century
Interior naar het oosten - Aduard - 20365760 - RCE.jpg
Amersfoort ,
Utrecht Province
Sint-Joriskerk (CC) ,
RCE 7882
14th century - 1500
2006-04-14 08/17 Amersfoort kerk.JPG
Koppelpoort (CC)
RCE 7928
from approx. 1400 from a water gate and two street gates
Amersfoort Koppelpoort 13.JPG
Amerongen ,
Utrechtse Heuvelrug
Prot. Andrieskerk (CC) ,
RCE 7755
Tower 1st half of the 16th century great form along the lines of the Utrecht cathedral tower ,
however, independent of materials:
red brick, and black brick. Tuff,
shutter backgrounds with brick patterns
Amerongen Andrieskerk RM7756.JPG
Ten Boer ,
Prov. Groningen
Monastery Church (CC)
RCE 9779
13th century early Gothic
Kloosterkerk Ten Boer.jpg
Bolsward ,
Southwest Fryslân
Grote of Martinikerk (CC) ,
RCE 9812
predominantly 14th century,
tower 15th century
Predecessor 11th century tufa; Pseudo-basilica
Martinikerk Bolsward.jpg
Culemborg ,
Gelderland ,
south bank of
the Lek
Grote of Sint-Barbarakerk (CC) ,
RCE 11551
14th century Restored after a fire in the early 17th century
NH Barbara-kerk Culemborg.jpg
Stadhuis (City Hall) (CC) ,
RCE 11556
1534-1539
Culemborg11556 Stadhuis.jpg
Elisabeth Weeshuis
(Elisabeth Orphanage) (CC) ,
RCE 11545
since 1555
Elisabethweeshuis westgevel.jpg
Delft ,
South Holland
Oude kerk
RCE 11970
1246 leaning Tower
Delft Oude Kerk 007.jpg
Nieuwe kerk ,
RCE 11872
1353 -
circa 1445
Delft Nieuwe Kerk inside choir vault 2.jpg
after city fire v. Restored in 1536; outside aisles brick, choir high nave walls mixed with tuff, inside brick, wooden vaults; Tower tuff
InZicht Delft 038.JPG
Deventer ,
Overijssel
De Waag (CC) ,
RCE 12508
1528-1531
WaagDeventer2011b.JPG
Groote- of Heilige Geestgasthuis (CC) ,
RCE 12518
Exterior VOORGEVELS - Deventer - 20261308 - RCE.jpg
Doesburg ,
Gelderland
Town Hall (CC) ,
RCE 13060
3rd V. 14th century a
. 15th century
RM13060 Doesburg - Roggestraat 2.jpg
Waaag (scales) (CC) ,
RCE 12999

Finished in 1478 .
1947-'49 carefully restored and partially reconstructed
RM12999 Doesburg - Koepoortstraat 2.jpg
Edam ,
North Holland
Grote of Sint-Nicolaaskerk (CC)
RCE 14320
15th century
Edam Grote of Sint-Nicolaaskerk.jpg
Elburg ,
Gelderland ,
southeast coast of the
former Zuiderzee
Grote of Sint-Nicolaaskerk (CC) ,
RCE 14896
since 1396 Hall church with brick vaults
Elburg - Nicolaas- of grote kerk - 2014 -007.JPG
(former) Agnietenklooster (CC) ,
RCE 14772 ,
M-GE p.162
15th century
Elburg Jufferenstraat 6.JPG
Enkhuizen ,
North Holland
Westerkerk (CC)
RCE 15211
partly ribbons made of stone
Westerkerk Enkhuizen Zuidkant 20081227.jpg
Garmerwolde ,
Ten Boer ,
Prov. Groningen
Reformed village church (CC)
RCE 9780
13th century romano-gothic
Garmerwolde, Dorpsweg 69 - Hervormde Kerk - 2015-091.JPG
Groningen Martinikerk
RCE 18555
13th, 15th, 16th century The basilical choir resembles the somewhat younger one of the Petrikirche in Riga ,
hall aisle with transverse roofs like the Martinikirche in Bremen , the
tower inspired by the Utrecht Cathedral
Martinikerk, Groningen 1144.jpg
The Aa-kerk (CC)
RCE 18423
13-15 Century
The Aa-kerk Groningen.jpg
House Brugstraat 24 (CC)
RCE 18433
15th century the only barely preserved Gothic town house in the city
Brugstraat 24 - 18433.jpg
The Hague South Holland Grote Kerk ,
RCE 16115
14.-
u. v. a.
15th century
Grote Kerk The Hague.jpg
Ridderzaal ,
RCE 17475
1256-1296 Early Gothic,
in the Middle Ages residence of the County of Holland ,
today one of the central places of political life in the Netherlands
Ridderzaal The Hague June 2003.JPG
Haarlem ,
North Holland
Amsterdamse Poort
= Spaanwouderpoort
RCE 19771
1355
Amsterdamse Poort Haarlem.jpeg
Hasselt ,
Zwartewaterland ,
Overijssel
Grote of Sint-Stephanuskerk (CC) ,
RCE 20900
14./15. Century
Sint Stephanuskerk Hasselt.jpg
Hilvarenbeek ,
North Brabant
St-Petrus'-Bandenkerk (CC) ,
RCE 22152
TT RK Kerk Hilvarenbeek (8) .JPG
14th century nave, transept, choir a. 15th century tower, enlarged in the 16th century.
Hilvarenbeek-Sint-Petrus' Bandenkerk (7) .jpg
Hoorn ,
North Holland
Noorderkerk (CC)
RCE 22452
1441-1519 Hall church
Hoorn, Noorderkerk.jpg
Kampen ,
Overijssel
Bovenkerk (CC) ,
RCE 23053
14./15. Century Brick and stone
De Boven of St. Nicolaaskerk, Kampen (buiten) RM 23053-WLM.jpg
Koornmarktpoort (CC) ,
RCE 23445
14th century
Kampen rijksmonument (35) .JPG
Leiden ,
South Holland
Pieterskerk (CC) ,
RCE 25446 M-SH pp. 304-305
around 1400–1565 late Gothic, older predecessor buildings
25446 Pieterskerk.jpg
Medemblik ,
North Holland
Radboud Castle ,
RCE 28386
1288 built to control the part of the Frisians west of the Zuiderzee ;
less than a quarter of the medieval Plant received; heavily restored
Medemblik wognum 039.JPG
Middelburg ,
Zeeland
Prot.Koorkerk (Choir Church) (CC) ,
RCE 28672 , M-ZE 159 ff.
late Gothic, from the transept of the abbey church from the 13th century.
Koorkerk (Middelburg) 2.JPG
Oirschot ,
North Brabant
Petruskerk ,
RCE 31282
1462 – early 16th century western parts with many house bindings ( layers of bacon )
Inzicht Oirschot Petruskerk 043.JPG
Oosterhout ,
North Brabant
Sint-Janskerk ,
RCE 31673
15th century, tower 1519–1527 1880–1882 enlarged in the neo-Gothic style
31673 Sint-Jansbasiliek.jpg
Rotterdam ,
South Holland
Grote of
Sint-Laurenskerk
,
RCE 32783 / 32782
Ship 1461–1475, choir 1488–1500, transept 1491–1513,
side aisle sagged a. 152 0 renovated,
tower shaft 1547–1555, upper floor made of sandstone 1645
Grote of St. Laurenskerk.jpg
Roermond ,
NL Limburg
Christoffelkathedraal ,
RCE 32552
15./16. Century basilic ship, hall choir
Roermond 037.JPG
House Drehans (CC) ,
RCE 32550 , M-LI p. 307
1520
Roermond Brugstraat 7.jpg
Sluis ,
Zeeland
Town hall u. Belfry (CC) ,
RCE 33890 , M-ZE p.230
1393-1396 the only brick belfry in the Netherlands, a
lot of yellow brick, some red brick and some stone;
Much has been reconstructed after severe destruction in World War II;
Belfry of Sluis (4) .JPG
Termunten ,
Delfzijl ,
Prov. Groningen
Ursuskerk (CC)
RCE 35003
2nd half of the 13th century romano-gothic
Romano-Gothic kerk van Termunten.jpg
Utrecht Buurkerk (CC) ,
RCE 18353 , M-UT pp. 227-228
13-15 Century
Buurkerk Utrecht.JPG
Tower house Achter de Dom 7,
RCE 35976
around 1400 Probably built as a chapter house of Oudmunster,
extended to the west by a gable roof around 1500
Achter de Dom 7.JPG
Leeuwenbergh Gasthuis,
RCE 18333
1567 donated as a plague hospital
Leeuwenberghkerk.JPG
Paushuize
(Papal House) (CC)
RCE 36215
1517 erected for the provost Adriaan Florisz Boeyens,
who later became Pope Hadrian VI. ; later a baroque balcony was added
36215 Paushuize.jpg
Oudaen,
RCE 36501
early 14th century
Kasteel Oudaen.JPG
several houses on the "Oudegracht"
RCE 31042 , RCE 36503
RCE 36532 , RCE 36569
Oudegracht 114.JPG Oudegracht 111.JPG Oudegracht 215.JPG Oudegracht 319.JPG
Venlo ,
NL Limburg
Grote of Sint-Martinuskerk (CC) ,
RCE 37159
1480 1532 earthquake damage to the tower,
1950 repair of the damage from the Second World War
Venlo - Sint Martinuskerk - panoramio (3) .jpg
Romerhuis (CC) ,
RCE 37179 , M-LI p. 389
1521
Romerhuis Venlo.jpg
Weert ,
NL Limburg
Sint-Martinuskerk (CC) ,
RCE 38446
1456 Hall church, Kempic Gothic
Weert Sint Martinuskerk 1.jpg
Westkapelle ,
Veere ,
Zeeland
Westkapelle lighthouse (Oberfeuer) ,
RCE 38855
Tower 1409/1410 formerly church tower, ship demolished in 1831;
striking resemblance to the Dunkirk belfry
and the tower of St. Mary's Church in Gdańsk
Westkapelle lighthouse 1.jpg
Winschoten ,
Oldambt
Marktpleinkerk
(Market Church) (CC)
RCE 39011
13-15 Century romano-gothic
Hervormde kerk, Grote Kerk of Martinikerk in Winschoten approx. 1275 - 5.jpg
Workum / Warkum ,
Southwest Fryslân
Grote of Sint-Gertrudiskerk (CC)
RCE 39458
1480-1560
Grote of Sint-Gertrudiskerk Workum.jpg
Zeerijp ,
Loppersum
Ref. Jacobuskerk (CC)
RCE 40306
early 14th century cruciform floor plan
Kerk Zeerijp3.jpg
Zutphen Broederenkerk
(Brothers Church) (CC) ,
RCE 41172
early 14th century
Zutphen Brother Church.jpg
Town houses
Zutphen- Beukerstraat 44.JPG
Zutphen, Netherlands - panoramio (51) .jpg
Drug apstors (tower) (CC) ,
RCE 41393
1444-1446 originally "Saltpoort" (salt gate)
RM41393 Zutphen - drug apostores.jpg
Zwolle ,
Overijssel
Broerenkerk
(Brethren Church) (CC) ,
RCE 41549
1465 former Dominican monastery
Broerenklooster en Broerenkerk, Zwolle.jpg
Sassenpoort
(Sachsentor) (CC) ,
RCE 41788
1409
20150819 Sassenpoort1 Zwolle.jpg

Poland

ZAB - Zabytek.pl is the current portal of the Polish monument authority Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa . It replaces the older voivodeship lists and is still under construction.

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Allenstein Castle of the cathedral chapter 2nd half of the 14th century Ordensburg; converted into a castle in the 15th and 16th centuries
Allenstein Castle.JPG
St. Jacob's Cathedral before 1445 late Gothic hall church
Olsztyn Katedra.jpg
Breslau (Wrocław)
[s. Dehio-Handbuch
Poland - Schlesien
pp. 1052–1145],
Woi. Lower Silesia
Wroclaw Cathedral 1234-1341
PL-Breslau-Dom-4.jpg
outside some
ashlar decorations , inside more exposed brick than in most of the large churches in the Baltic Sea cities;
later repairs
Poland Wroclaw Cathedral 2007.jpg
town hall 13. u. 15th century Ingredients in the 19th century
Wroclaw City Hall.jpg
Holy Cross Church 1288 -
1st half of the 14th century
Archikatedra św.  Jana Chrzciciela we Wrocławiu DSCF0113.jpg
Elisabeth Church 1309-1387
598582 Wrocław Bazylika Elżbiety 03.JPG
Magdalenenkirche 1355-1360
Wrocław Katedra św Marii Magdaleny1.jpg
Dorotheenkirche 1351-1401
Wrocław kościół pw. Św Stanisława, Doroty i Wacława1.jpg
Cammin St. John's Cathedral Gothic
15th century
around 1175 Romanesque,
basilica
Kamien06.JPG
Czersk ,
Powiat Piaseczno ,
Mazovia
Residence of the Dukes of Mazovia (CC) ZAB 1388-1410 Destroyed in the Swedish Flood , ruins since then centerpx
Gdansk
World Heritage Site
Marienkirche 1343-1502 one of the three largest brick churches north of the Alps
and two largest hall churches in the world;
Tower resembles the Belfry of Dunkirk and the tower of Westkapelle
Bazylika mariacka gdansk ubt.jpeg
Nikolaikirche 1348–
early 15th century
In 1227 by H. Swantopolk II. Handed over to the Dominican Hyacinth of Poland , expansion from 1260, reconstruction from 1348; parallel longitudinal roofs
Gdańsk, K. św.  Mikołaja (The Witch) 2010-07-12 048.jpg
Katharinenkirche 1230,
1336-80
parish church as early as 1263, when it was conquered by the Dt. Order destroyed in 1308, fragl. Remains in the northeast part of the 14th century building; parallel longitudinal roofs
Brosen katarzyna.jpg
Johanneskirche ,
D-NO p. 85 f. ,
POM p. 15
14.-15. Century Construction of the tower interrupted in 1392 by the Teutonic Order; parallel longitudinal roofs
Gdańsk Kościół św.  Jana.JPG
Schlieffhaus 1520 Reconstruction from the 1970s; The original facade was only in Nuremberg , transported to Danzig in 1480 and erected there in 1520,
demolished in 1822, now a cavalier house on Pfaueninsel in Berlin-Wannsee
Gdansk DomSchlieffow.JPG
Crane gate 1442-1444
Pl gdansk zuraw dlugiepobrzeze2006.jpg
Frauentor
(Brama Mariacka)
15th century
Gdańsk Główne Miasto - Brama Mariacka (2007) .jpg
Elblag Nikolaikirche 13. u. 15th century Converted from a basilica to a hall church in the 15th century,
rebuilt in a simplified manner after a lightning strike in 1737 (half eaves height and only one roof),
after war destruction in 1945 then rebuilt with three roofs in 1969–1989, but height from 1737
Elbing1 Dom.jpg
Frauenburg cathedral 1343-1383
Katedra we Fromborku.JPG
Gniezno Cathedral of the Virgin Mary and Saint Adalbert Gothic
1342–1415
Romanesque predecessor destroyed by the Teutonic Order,
then Gothic brick basilica, north tower completed in 1512;
Baroque in the 17th century
Katedra Gniezno widok z rynku.jpg
Kolberg St. Mary's Cathedral 1288-1397
Kolobrzeg Basilica 2007-07.jpg
Königsberg / Neumark ,
(today Chojna )
town hall 15th century
Chojna Cultural Center 01.jpg
Marienkirche 1389-1459 Masterpiece by Hinrich Brunsberg , all medieval terracotta figures lost,
tower collapsed in 1843 and then replaced in the neo-Gothic style,
restored without vaults after being destroyed in World War II
Chojna MarienkircheTotale.jpg
Krakow
World Heritage Site
Marienkirche 1321-1331,
14./15. Century
Hall church
Kraków - St. Mary Church 01.JPG
Wawel 13-16 Century Royal residence and symbol of Polish royalty,
stands on a limestone cliff and, despite later changes, includes several Gothic brick buildings
Wawel (7822328210) .jpg
Corpus Christi Church 1385-1405
Church of Corpus Christi in Kraków 3.jpg
Katharinenkirche 1342-1426 Augustinian monastery
Krakow kosciol sw Katarzyny 20070930 1522.jpg
Old synagogue around 1550 inside two-aisled Gothic hall, plastered
Kazimierz 2007-01-07 037.jpg
Collegium Maius (Krakow) 15th century oldest part of the Jagiellonian University
Kraków, Collegium Maius - fotopolska.eu (214382) .jpg
Barbican 15th century
Kraków, Barbican (2) .JPG
Chełmno (Kulm) Marienkirche 1290-1333
Chelmno fara od pn.jpg
St. Peter and Paul 13. u. 14th century former Dominican Church
Chelmno kosciol dominikanow.jpg
Legnica (Liegnitz),
Woi. Lower Silesia
Church of Our Lady 1386 Evangelical Parish Church ( Augsburg Confession )
SM Legnica KościółNMP (1) ID 593134.jpg
Łomża ,
Woi. Podlaskie
Cathedral (CC) ,
PDL p. 41
1504-1525 Rebuilt after destruction in the Swedish Flood in a mixture of Gothic and early Baroque, the brick ribs of the Gothic star and net vaults of the central nave have been preserved
PL Łomża cathedral.JPG
Marienburg Marienburg 1276 to the
end of the 14th century
on the UNESCO World Heritage List ; the Marienburg Ordensburg is the largest secular building in brick Gothic
Marienburg (1999) .jpg
Oliwa ,
city ​​of Gdansk
Oliva Cathedral 13th century
Katedra w Oliwie południowy transept (212046) .jpg
Cistercian Church, founded under the Gdansk Pomerania dukes , repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt,
überw. Gothic, designs from Romanesque to early Baroque
Oliwa cathedral from Pacholek tower.jpg
Oświęcim (Auschwitz),
Woi. Lesser Poland
Church of Our Lady Help 14th century Gallery - relay hall
Kościół Matki Bożej Wspomożenia Wiernych w Oświęcimiu.jpg
Piotrków Trybunalski ,
Łódź Voivodeship
Royal Castle (CC) 1512-1519 late Gothic with transition to the Renaissance
Piotrkow (js) .jpg
Poznan ,
Woi. Greater Poland
St. Peter and Paul Cathedral 14./15. Century
Poznań Cathedral Front RB.jpg
House of the Psalterers (CC) 1518 founded by the Poznan Bishop Jan Lubrański
Psalteria Poznan.jpg
Racibórz (Ratibor),
Woi. Silesia ,
Dehio SLS p. 99
Heiliggeistkirche (CC) 14th century 1810 profaned , urban museum today
Kościół św.  Ducha (obecnie muzeum miejskie) w Raciborzu 6.JPG
Sandomierz ,
Heiligkreuz Voivodeship
Cathedral (CC) 1360 1670 partly rebuilt (facade)
Sandomierz Katedra1.jpg
Royal Castle (CC) 14th century partly rebuilt in 1520 in the Renaissance style
Polska Sandomierz 025.jpg
Sieradz ,
Woi. Łódź
Collegiate Church (CC) 1370 rebuilt in the 17th century with baroque changes,
pseudo-basilica .
Kolegiata wszystkich swietych - Sieradz, Poland-2.jpg
Szczecin Jacob's Cathedral between 1375
and 1504
several construction phases
0910 Bazylika archikatedralna św Jakuba Szczecin.jpg
town hall 15th century in the meantime baroque and plastered except for a portal,
after destruction in the Second World War it was restored in a free imitation of the medieval. State
PolandSzczecinOldCityHall.JPG
Śrem ,
Woi. Greater Poland
K. NMP Wniebowziętej
(Assumption of Mary) (CC)
15th century 16th century tower.
2427A (2) .jpg
Thorn Old town World Heritage
CopernicusHouse.jpg
Marienkirche 1350-1370 former Franciscan Church
Torun-NMP-prezbiterium.jpg
town hall 14th century raised by one floor in the 19th century
Torun-Rynek-ratusz-2.jpg
Deutschordensburg 13th to
early 15th Century
Destroyed by the citizens of Thorner in the Thirteen Years War in 1454,
preserved as a ruin and recently restored
Torun zamek krzyz.jpg
Junkerhof
(Dwór Mieszczański - "Bürgerhof")
from 1489 Second clubhouse of the St. George Brotherhood in the city, built from bricks from the destroyed Ordensburg
Dwór mieszczański, od strony bulwaru filadelfijskiego.jpg
Dybów Castle 1424-1428 Polish border fortress on the left bank of the Vistula
opposite the old town of Thorner,
originally part of Kujawy
Dybów, Jagiellonian castle near Toruń.jpg
Warsaw
(Warszawa)
St. John's Cathedral 14th century Completely destroyed by the German Wehrmacht after the Warsaw Uprising , rebuilt in 1947–1957 in Mazovian Gothic, clear deviations from the pre-war state
4 Warszawa 12.jpg
Włościejewki,
Gm. Książ Wielkopolski ,
P. Śrem , W. Greater Poland
K. Niepokal. Poczęcia NMP
(Uncommon Conception) (CC)
Beginning 16th century Panels filled with tracery
Assumpted Virgin Mary church in Włościejewki (2) .jpg

Russia (Kaliningrad Region)

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Königsberg (since 1946 Kaliningrad) Dom 1330-1380 Badly damaged in 1944, restored from 1992
Kaliningrad cathedral.JPG
Balga , East Prussia (near Wesjoloje) Ordensburg Balga from 1239 a ruin for centuries
Zamok balga may2006.JPG

Sweden

place Building construction time Remarks photo
Danmark (in the east of Uppsala) Parish church 14th and 15th centuries
Danmark kyrka1.jpg
Helsingborg Saint Mary's Church (Helsingborg)
Sankta Maria kyrka (Helsingborg, Sweden) .jpg
Lund St. Peter monastery church Around 1300
Klosterkyrkan3.jpg
Malmo Petrikirche
Malmö Sankt Petri kyrka 1.jpg
Ronneby Holy Cross Church
Ronneby Kyrkan (2008-02-xx) .JPG
Sigtuna Saint Mary's Church A former monastery church in the city
Sigtuna maria.jpg
Skänninge Vårfrukyrkan (the Church of Our Lady)
Vårfrukyrkan i Skänninge, May 20, 2007, image 45.jpg
Håbo Skokloster, old monastery church
Skoklosterkyrka666.jpg
Söderköping St. Laurentius Church
Sankt Laurentii kyrka2.jpg
Stockholm Nikolaikirche Externally reworked to a baroque plastered building in 1740 in order to be more similar to the castle; Gothic brick features preserved inside. - Bernt Notkes St. Jürgen with the dragon as a late Gothic monumental sculpture
Stockholm-Storkyrkan (St.Georg) .jpg
Riddarholmskyrkan Late 13th century A former monastery church and grave church of the Swedish royal family
Riddarholmskyrkan June 2005.jpg
Strängnäs Strängnäs Cathedral
Strängnäs cathedral Sweden 008.JPG
Tensta, in the north of Uppsala Parish church
Tensta-kyrka.jpg
Uppsala Uppsala Cathedral 13-15 century The towers and other special parts of the cathedral are now changed after the restoration in the 19th century
Uppsala Cathedral 1770 - from Busser, Om Upsala Stad etc.jpg
Trinity Church
Helga Trefaldighets kyrka ext2.jpg
Vadstena Mårten Skinnare's house Late Middle Ages, changed in the 18th century The original roof and stepped gable were removed in the 18th century.
Martenskinnareshusfransoder.jpg
Originally a royal palace, later part of the Vadstena monastery and then a hospital Middle of the 13th century, changed in the 14th century The roof was built lower to look more modest after the building was given to the monastery.
Bjälboättens palats, Vadstena, June 2005.jpg
Västerås Västerås Cathedral 13-15 century
Västerås domkyrka1001.jpg
Vaxjo Växjö Cathedral Special parts of the cathedral are similar to the brick Gothic
Växjö cathedral front view.jpg
Ystad Marienkirche 13-15 century
Sankta Maria Kyrka.jpg
Franciscan monastery Late 13th to 15th centuries
Ystad Saint Petri Church.jpg
Old Latin school
Latinskolan i Ystad 2016.jpg

See also

literature

  • Hans Josef Böker: The medieval brick architecture of Northern Germany . Darmstadt 1988. ISBN 3-534-02510-5 .
  • Angela Pfotenhauer, Elmar Lixenfeld: Brick Gothic . Monuments edition. Monument publications of the German Foundation for Monument Protection, Bonn 2000. Revised. Edition 2005 4 . ISBN 978-3-936942-10-1 .
  • Gerhard Vinken, Barbara Rimpel u. a .: Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments. Brandenburg. 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 (texts on the individual buildings are also available via the monument database of the state of Brandenburg, see links in the list).
  • Gerd Weiß (edit.): Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Bremen and Lower Saxony. 1992, ISBN 3-422-03022-0 .
  • Hans-Christian Feldmann, Barbara Rimpel et al .: Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 2016, ISBN 978-3-422-03128-9 .
  • Johannes Habich u. a .: Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein. 2009, ISBN 978-3-422-03120-3 .
  • Claudia Euskirchen u. a .: Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia I. Rhineland. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03093-X .
  • Ursula Quednau u. a .: Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia II. Westphalia. 2016, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 .
  • Ute Bednarz, F. Cremer u. a .: Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Saxony-Anhalt I. District of Magdeburg. 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 .
  • Ute Bednarz u. a .: Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Saxony-Anhalt II. Westphalia. 1999, ISBN 3-422-03065-4 .
  • Marianne Mehling (Ed.): Knaur's cultural guide in color Poland . Munich 1995. ISBN 3-426-26492-7 .
  • Ernst Badstübner (edit.): Georg Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Modifications made by Slawomir Brzezicki. Munich 2005. ISBN 3-422-03109-X .
  • Christofer Hermann, Dethard von Winterfeld (ed.): Medieval architecture in Poland , 2 volumes, Michael Imhoff Verlag, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-7319-0087-0
  • Marianne Mehling (Ed.): Knaur's cultural guide in color Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania . Munich 1993. ISBN 3-426-26608-3 .
  • Marianne Mehling (Ed.): Knaur's cultural guide in color: Finland . Munich 1988. ISBN 3-426-26248-7 .
  • Ronald Stenvert, Chris Kolman, Ben Olde Meierink, Margreet Tholens…: Monuments in Nederland , 12 volumes (1996–2006), available as PDF for free download from the digital library voor de Nederlandse letteren
  • Johannes Cramer and Dorothée Sack (eds.): Technology of brick construction in Europe in the Middle Ages , 2004/2005, ISBN 978-3-937251-99-8 , among others:
    • Jens Christian Holst: Stone or not stone? Brick and natural stone in the southern Baltic region during the Middle Ages.
    • Jürg Goll: Brick building in the central Alpine region. (Focus on pre-Romanesque and Romanesque)
    • Claudia Trummer: Bricks in the periphery? Romanesque brick buildings in Saxony and southern Brandenburg.
    • Jan van der Hoeve: Brick in the Netherlands. (Focus on Romanesque, but also Gothic)
    • David Andrews: The use and manufacture of brick in eastern England in the Middle Ages.
  • Roosemarie Wilcken (Hg,): Brick Architecture VII (Congress report of the 12th and 13th international Brick Architecture Congress in Wismar, Monumente Publications), without ISBN
    • Vincent Debonne: Brick Building in medieval Flanders
    • Karel Emmens: The beginnings of brick building in the county of Holland, Utrecht Abbey and the Frisian countries (with examples up to the early 14th century)
    • Jan van der Hoeve: Small and fine, brick in the northern Netherlands 1350–1850

Web links

Commons : Brick Gothic  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Lübeck Marienkirche  - sources and full texts

Remarks

  1. E.g. Angela Pfotenhauer, Florian Monheim, Carola Nathan: Brick Gothic . Monuments edition. Monument publication of the German Foundation for Monument Protection, Bonn 2000, ISBN 3-935208-00-6 ; Hans Josef Böker: The medieval brick architecture of Northern Germany . Darmstadt 1988. ISBN 3-534-02510-5
  2. cf. Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments - Northeast Germany (1906)
  3. Gijverinkhove, parochiekerk Sint Petrus oeg15924 foto4 2013-05-11 13.53.jpg
    Sint-Petruskerk in Gijverinkhove, Gem. Alveringem , West Flanders: Hall church with parallel longitudinal roofs, brick Gothic made of yellow brick
  4. gemeinden.erzbistum-koeln.de
  5. ^ Philippe Sosnowska: La brique en Brabant aux XIIIe – XVe siècles (PDF at academia.edu) with a discussion of Beersel Castle in the introduction
  6. ^ UNESCO "Culture" World Heritage Center - Historic Center of Brugge
  7. enghien-edingen.be - Patrimoine - L'Eglise Saint-Nicolas
  8. Poperinge (prov. West-Vlaanderen), Sint-Janskerk. Bouwhistorisch onderzoek van de dakkap: grootsendeels in baksteen gebouwd
  9. Onze-Lieve-Vrouwkerk Poperinge
  10. a b Aalborg Domkirke - BUDOLFI KIRKE / KLOSTERKIRKEN / STENENS FORTÆLLING, → German description available as PDF
  11. National Museum - Danmarks Kirker: Fakse Kirke (→ PDF)
  12. National Museum - Danmarks Kirker: Skt. Marie Kirke, Helsingør (→ PDF)
  13. viborgmuseum.dk
  14. viborg-kloster.dk
  15. www.beffrois.com: Beffroi de Dunkerque (Saint-Eloi)
  16. ^ UNESCO: Gdansk - Town of Memory and Freedom
  17. The largest of all Gothic brick churches is the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna , Italy . It has an unfinished marble facade in front of the north gable, but inside pillars and vault ribs made of exposed brick.
  18. ^ UNESCO: Historic Center of Kraków
  19. The Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, Museum in Racibórz - The Church of the Holy Spirit ( Memento from August 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  20. ^ Maria Irena Kwiatkowska, Krystyna Kozłowska: Katedra św. Jana (St. John's Cathedral) ( pl ) 1978. pp. 241/242.
This version was included in the selection of informative lists and portals on August 23, 2007 .