Stralsund
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 54 ° 19 ' N , 13 ° 5' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | |
| County : | Western Pomerania-Ruegen | |
| Height : | 9 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 54.07 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 59,418 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 1099 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 18435, 18437, 18439 | |
| Area code : | 03831 | |
| License plate : | HST | |
| Community key : | 13 0 73 088 | |
| LOCODE : | DE STL | |
City administration address : |
Old Market 18439 Stralsund |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Alexander Badrow ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the district town of Stralsund in the district of Vorpommern-Rügen | ||
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Stralsund [ ˈʃtʁaːlzʊnt ] (since 1990 with the official name: Hanseatic City of Stralsund ) is a city in northeast Germany. It belongs to the Western Pomerania part of the German state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and is a district town in the district of Western Pomerania-Rügen . According to state law, Stralsund is known as a Hanseatic city and a large city belonging to the district .
In 1234 Stralsund was granted city rights. As a founding member of the Hanseatic League , the city prospered through international trade. The old town with its numerous architectural monuments and particularly valuable examples of brick Gothic has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 with the title Historic Old Towns of Stralsund and Wismar . Stralsund is also known as a resort and major tourist center in the southern Baltic Sea region for the German Oceanographic Museum with the Stralsund Ocean Museum , the Stralsund Museum and for events such as the annual Wallenstein Days and the Rügenbrücken Marathon . Tourism dominates economically . Other branches of industry are public administration, shipbuilding and mechanical engineering, service companies, logistics, the health industry and companies in the field of information technology and biomedical technology. The Mittelstadt has been the seat of the Stralsund University of Applied Sciences since 1991, and the neighboring Parow has been home to the German Naval Technology School since 1996 .
Due to its location on the Strelasund , a strait in the Baltic Sea between the mainland and the island of Rügen , Stralsund is known as the "gateway to the island of Rügen".
geography
Spatial planning
Together with Greifswald , Stralsund forms one of the four regional centers in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . In the regional development programs for the state and in the Vorpommern planning association , close cooperation between Stralsund and its surrounding area and Greifswald is planned. Both Hanseatic cities had around 118,000 inhabitants together, the administrative areas in between Miltzow and Landhagen as well as Grimmen had around 27,000 inhabitants (2018).
The closest metropolitan areas relevant to the urban region are the Rostock Regiopolis and the metropolitan regions of Szczecin in the east, Berlin in the southeast, Hamburg in the west and Copenhagen-Malmö in the north.
City structure
After the fortress character of the old town was abolished in 1869, the surrounding areas were settled.
The Stralsund area is divided into the following urban areas and districts:
| No. | Urban area | district | Population ( as of 2017 ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | Old town | 6,090 | |
| 011 | Old town | Old town | 5,775 |
| 012 | Old town | Harbor island | 26th |
| 013 | Old town | Bastion belt | 289 |
| 02 | Knee per | 25,270 | |
| 021 | Knee per | Kniepervorstadt | 6,179 |
| 022 | Knee per | Knieper north | 6,677 |
| 023 | Knee per | Knieper West | 12,414 |
| 03 | Tribseer | 10,268 | |
| 031 | Tribseer | Tribseer suburb | 5,366 |
| 032 | Tribseer | Tribseer settlement | 3,484 |
| 033 | Tribseer | Tribseer meadows | 1,292 |
| 034 | Tribseer | Schrammsche Mühle | 126 |
| 04 | Francs | 6,732 | |
| 041 | Francs | Franconian suburb | 5,335 |
| 042 | Francs | Dänholm | 187 |
| 043 | Francs | Franconia middle | 417 |
| 044 | Francs | Frankensiedlung | 793 |
| 05 | south | 4.166 | |
| 051 | south | Andershof | 3,521 |
| 052 | south | Devin | 571 |
| 053 | south | Voigdehagen | 74 |
| 06 | Lüssower Berg | 220 | |
| 07 | Langendorfer Berg | 299 | |
| 08 | Green hooves | 6,565 | |
| 081 | Green hooves | City paddock | 321 |
| 082 | Green hooves | Vogelsang | 2,541 |
| 083 | Green hooves | Grünthal-Viermorgen | 3,630 |
| 084 | Green hooves | Free Lands | 73 |
The foundation stone for the Knieper West I residential area was laid on August 26, 1964. The district Knieper Nord followed as the second prefabricated building area in the city. In January 1976, construction began on the first apartment block in the Knieper West III residential area. The last block of flats there for the time being was built in 1981; in 1989 two “cube houses” for age-appropriate living followed.
The city also owns land in the vicinity and on the islands of Rügen, Hiddensee and Ummanz .
Neighboring communities
Many of the formerly smaller villages in the area, such as Parow , Prohn , Wendorf (OT Neu Lüdershagen) or Negast , grew considerably after 1990 with the arrival of people from Stralsund or those who worked in Stralsund.
The towns of Barth , Grimmen and Ribnitz-Damgarten are also in the vicinity of Stralsund , while the town of Greifswald is a good 30 km southeast of Stralsund.
climate
The annual precipitation is 656 mm and is therefore comparatively low; it falls into the lower third of the values recorded in Germany. The driest month is February, the most precipitation falls in July: This month falls 2.1 times more precipitation than in February. The rainfall varies moderately.
Landscapes, elevations, bodies of water
The city lies on the Strelasund , a strait of the Baltic Sea . The geographical proximity to the island of Rügen earned Stralsund the name “ gate to the island of Rügen” . There is both a dam with a bridge connecting the city and the island - the Rügen dam over the island of Dänholm to Altefähr - and a bridge, the Rügen Bridge; both connections form the only fixed Strelasund crossings . Stralsund is close to the Vorpommersche Boddenlandschaft National Park with its great biodiversity.
The urban area of Stralsund includes a city forest and three city ponds (Knieperteich, Frankenteich and Moorteich). The three ponds and the Strelasund gave the original settlement area and historical center of the city known today as the old town a protected island location.
The highest point in the city is the Galgenberg at the western entrance to the town; The hospital church of the West Hospital has stood here since 1912 .
history
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Surname
The Strale settlement has been known since the 10th century. Stralesund as a city name was first mentioned in a document in 1240. The Strelasund is an arm of the Baltic Sea.
The city has had the addition of Hanseatic City before its name Stralsund since 1990 .
Middle Ages until 1900
Stralsund received after the settlement in the course of the German settlement on October 31, 1234 from the Ruegen prince Wizlaw I. the city charter according to Rostock and Lübeck model . The area was inhabited by Slavs, which explains the Slavic part of the name Stral ( stral means arrow or spearhead, -sund stands in Germanic languages for a separating narrowness and here means the Strelasund ).
Stralsund quickly became an important trading town in the Baltic Sea region , mainly through settlers from Westphalia . The city belonged to Pomerania-Wolgast after the Principality of Rügen had expired in 1325 . In the 14th century it was the most important Hanseatic city in the southern Baltic region after Lübeck . Numerous armed conflicts with the rulers of Denmark culminated in the Peace of Stralsund in 1370 . After the fall of the Hanseatic League , Stralsund's importance decreased. However, the city continued to live mainly from long-distance and local trade as well as from shipbuilding.
Already in 1525 the majority of the citizens of Stralsund converted to the Protestant faith. The city set the pace for the Reformation in northern Germany.
During the Thirty Years War Stralsund resisted the siege by Wallenstein's troops with the help of Sweden and Denmark ; This was followed by almost 200 years of belonging to the Kingdom of Sweden as part of Swedish Pomerania . In 1815 Stralsund became part of Prussia and became the seat of an administrative district with five counties.
1900 to today
After the First World War , Stralsund briefly experienced violent unrest until a bourgeois city government was established in 1919; this was dissolved by the National Socialists in 1933 . In 1939, 1,287 patients were deported from the Stralsund state hospital . The deportees were victims of murders at various locations, including a. at the Piaśnica massacre . On May 1, 1945 Stralsund was occupied by the Red Army ; After the Second World War , Stralsund was part of the Soviet occupation zone in Germany in 1945 .
During the time of the German Democratic Republic (GDR), numerous prefabricated housing estates were built in the city , but the historic old town center deteriorated. Economically, the city lived mainly from shipbuilding at the Volkswerft Stralsund , the ships for the Soviet Union were partially completed every 10 days.
After the political change, Stralsund became a model town for urban development in 1990 . The historic city center with the old town harbor was thoroughly renovated with the help of the programs for urban development and for urban monument protection . The residential area of the Grünhufe and Knieper prefabricated housing estates was also improved as part of the “Upgrading”, “ Urban Redevelopment East” and “ Social City ” programs , and housing demolition was initiated.
Since 2002 Stralsund's old town along with that of Wismar UNESCO - World Heritage Site , under the name Historic Centers of Stralsund and Wismar . In the course of this, there was a large investment boost in monuments and infrastructure, which stimulated tourism.
After the reunification, there were major economic challenges that caused considerable problems in the structurally weak region. The resulting structural change gradually leads to more stable population and labor market conditions. The population and number of employees in Stralsund has been rising continuously for some time.
In the course of the district reform in 2011 , the previously independent city of Stralsund and the districts of Rügen and Northern Western Pomerania became part of the new district of Western Pomerania-Rügen with its administrative headquarters in Stralsund.
On August 1, 2016, Stralsund was awarded the designation of a state-recognized resort . The districts Knieper West, Franken Mitte, Vogelsang and Grünthal-Viermorgen are excluded from this.
Street names and their meanings
The street names in Stralsund often reflect historical events .
Stralsund city fortifications
Stralsund had the status of a fortress until 1871 , which helped the city through many wars. In addition to ten city gates, of which only the Kniepertor and the Kütertor have survived , the city ponds and dams were also built. The third city gate still preserved after the demolition, the Semlow Gate , which was damaged in World War II , was blown up in 1960.
Population development
In 1989 the population of the city of Stralsund peaked at over 75,000. Then the number of inhabitants fell again due to the strong structural changes. After the political change in the GDR in 1989/1990, the city lost well over 15,000 inhabitants by 2008. For some years now, however, a U-turn has been discernible - the decline initially slowed down, and for the first time in 2012 there was a slight increase in the number of residents. Stralsund was also able to record this in the following years, so that the population is now 58,241.
The following overview shows the number of inhabitants according to the respective territorial status. Up to 1833 these are mostly estimates, then census results or official updates by the respective statistical offices or the city administration itself. From 1843 onwards, the information relates to the “local population”, from 1925 to the resident population and since 1966 to the “population at the location of the main residence ”.
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Until the beginning of the 17th century, Stralsund was the most populous city in the Duchy of Pomerania , larger than the capital Stettin .
Society and politics
Lord Mayor
The highest representative of the city administration is the Lord Mayor . Since October 2008 this is Alexander Badrow (CDU).
For a list of the mayors and mayors, see the list of mayors and mayors of Stralsund .
Citizenship
The city (constituency number 5) consists of 68 electoral districts. The citizenship of Stralsund basically consists of 43 members elected by free and secret ballot. Since the election on May 26, 2019 , it has been composed as follows:
| Political party | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) 1 | 9 (−5) | |
| Citizens for Stralsund (BfS) | 8 (+2) | |
| The left | 6 (+1) | |
| Alliance 90 / The Greens (Greens) | 6 (+1) | |
| Alternative for Germany (AfD) | 6 (+4) | |
| Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) | 4 (−2) | |
| Free Democratic Party (FDP) | 2 (+1) | |
| Voting Community Adomeit (Adomeit) | 1 (−1) | |
| The party | 1 (+1) |
→ Results of the local elections in Stralsund
badges and flags
The coat of arms of Stralsund was on September 9, 1938 the Provincial President in Szczecin awarded. It is registered under the number 67 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Blazon : "In Red On uprightly erected silver arrow consisting of sheathing, and the two wings, with a silver Tatzenkreuz . About" The " speaking " coat of arms of the Hanseatic City of Stralsund symbolizes the name component "stral" the city on the Sound , which in Slavic "Arrow "Or" top "means. The arrow was also used in the city seals .
The city flag shows an upright silver (white) arrow on a red background, consisting of a shaft cover and the two wings, with a silver (white) paw cross over it.
Religions
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The area of today's city of Stralsund was initially inhabited by Slavic settlers after the Germans moved away during the migration period. After the victory of the Danes over the Slavic princes on Rügen in 1168, Christianization began , with predominantly Christian settlers from Westphalia coming to the Stralsund area. Jews also came to Stralsund in the 13th century . The Reformation made Stralsund a predominantly Protestant town in the middle of the 16th century.
After the Second World War, Stralsund belonged to the socialist sphere of influence. Education in schools was based on the principles of the separation of church and state. Between 1949 and 1989 the proportion of Protestants in the urban population decreased from about 90% to about 20%. Today about 75% of the Stralsund population do not belong to any religious community .
The religious community with the largest number of members is the Evangelical Church (approx. 15%). The Propstei Stralsund (formerly: Kirchenkreis Stralsund ) is one of three provosts of the Pomeranian Evangelical Church District within the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany ("Northern Church"). About four percent of the residents profess Catholicism . In addition, there are also congregations of Protestant free churches such as the Adventist church ( Adventists ), the Evangelical Free Church congregation ( Baptists ) and the Evangelical Methodist Church . The Christian community of Elim belongs to the Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden . The youngest church / congregation in Stralsund is the Father's House Church - Newly Reformed Free Church . The regional church community is an independent group within the church district and belongs to the regional association of Protestant communities in Western Pomerania eV The New Apostolic Church has a center in Stralsund.
In the 15th century the Jews were expelled from Pomerania . In 1757 the Swedish king again allowed the settlement of Jews; they began in 1786 with the construction of a synagogue , which was consecrated on March 30, 1787. Jewish merchants brought modern trading ideas to the city: on April 15, 1852, the Wertheim brothers set up their "Manufactur-Modewaren- Store " and in 1875 they built the first Wertheim department store in Stralsund. Leonhard Tietz opened a small shop on August 14, 1879, thereby establishing the company later known as " Kaufhof ". While 134 people still professed Judaism in 1933, there were only 62 in 1939. Only two of the Stralsund Jews who survived the terror of the National Socialists came back to Stralsund.
Incorporations
In the 1920s, Stralsund needed new land. The occupancy limit of the Stralsund cemeteries had also been reached; Among other things, the construction of a central cemetery was planned.
After the adoption of the Prussian "law regulating various points of municipal constitution law" in 1927, which also provided for the dissolution of the manor districts, Stralsund applied for the incorporation of Klein Kedingshagen, Groß Kedingshagen, Grünthal, Grünhufe, Freienlande, Andershof , Lüssow , Langendorf ( with Borgwallsee and Pütter See ), Groß Lüdershagen , Neu Lüdershagen, Wendorf , Zitterpenningshagen , Voigdehagen , Försterhof, Teschenhagen , Devin and the city paddock. In addition, the site should Altefähr on Rügen are incorporated; the beach and park there already belonged to the city of Stralsund. This application, which concerned an area of 3538 hectares , was only partially approved. By resolution of the district president of September 21, 1928, the city of Stralsund was ultimately “the entire Voigdehagen manor district with a size of 297.85 hectares with about 93 inhabitants, the entire Devin manor district with a size of 479.87 hectares with about 230 inhabitants northern part of the Andershof manor district with a size of about 264.74 hectares with about 150 inhabitants, the entire Grünhufe manor district with a size of 405.61 hectares with about 157 inhabitants ”.
The farmsteads Stadtkoppel and Garbodenhagen and the estates Grünthal and Freienlande were part of the Grünhufe estate. In addition, parts of the Langendorf, Lüssow and Klein Kordshagen goods were assigned to the city.
The newly allocated area of 1781.69 hectares almost doubled the urban area. The handover took place on October 22, 1928 in the Stralsund town hall .
Town twinning
Stralsund has seven city partnerships. The oldest has existed with Pori in Finland since 1964 . With Ventspils (Windau) in Latvia since 1969, Kiel in Schleswig-Holstein since 1987, Stargard in Poland since 1987, Malmö in Sweden since 1991, Svendborg in Denmark since 1992, with Trelleborg in Sweden since 2000 and with Huangshan in China since 2015, Stralsund is a partner.
Since 1963 Stralsund had a friendship with Boulogne-sur-Mer ( France ), which is no longer actively cultivated.
Stralsund is active in the Hanseatic League of Modern Times and participates in the Hanseatic Days of Modern Times. The city is a member of the transnational federation of the Euroregion Pomerania , which connects the German and Polish parts of Western and Western Pomerania.
Sights and culture
Old town
The inner city of Stralsund is characterized by a wealth of historical buildings. Since 1990, large parts of the historic old town have been renovated with private and public capital and with the support of foundations. As a result of the disregard for historical buildings in the GDR , many houses were threatened with decay. The old town in particular offers a rich variety of historical buildings, with many former merchant houses, churches, alleys and squares. Of more than 800 listed houses in Stralsund, more than 500 are individual monuments in the old town. In the twenty years from the turn of 1990 to November 2010, 588 of the more than 1,000 Old Town buildings have been completely renovated, including 363 were individual monuments. Due to its historical and architectural importance, the old town of Stralsund was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site together with the old town of Wismar in 2002.
Of the Stralsund city fortifications which are Kniepertor and Kütertor received.
The ensemble of the old market offers with the Nikolaikirche , the Stralsund town hall as one of the most important secular buildings of the north German brick Gothic , the Artushof , the Wulflamhaus , the Commandantenhus , the union building and a newer prefabricated building an overview of the architectural history of the city.
The town houses with their typical gables, which have often been lavishly renovated with a high level of financial commitment, characterize the picture in the streets of the old town. The former Swedish government palace now houses the city's building department. The museum house in Mönchstrasse was renovated with funds from the German Foundation for Monument Protection and since then, as one of Northern Europe's most important originally preserved town houses from the Hanseatic era, it has been able to experience and understand the history of seven centuries.
Churches
Three large medieval churches in the city center and the Heilgeistspital (monastery) of the brick Gothic bear witness to the medieval importance of Stralsund. In the vernacular it was said: "Stralsund has three churches - the mighty, the splendid and the thin."
- Marienkirche , from 1298 and almost completely new building from 1382, on the Neuer Markt ; The 104-meter-high tower of St. Mary's Church on Neuer Markt offers a panoramic view of Stralsund and the island of Rügen.
- Nikolaikirche from 1276 on the old market
- Jakobikirche from 1303; it is used as a cultural church,
- Heilgeistkirche from the 14th century, which also serves the Jacobi community.
Among the younger sacred buildings are the
- Resurrection Church in Grünhufe from 1991
- Trinity Church on Frankenwall from 1785
- Church of Peace in the Frankensiedlung from 1951
- Luther Church on Alte Richtenberger Strasse from 1937.
Saint Nikolai gothic church
Portal of Saint Nicholas
Seestrasse and Nikolaikirche Stralsund
Mehmel organ from
Sankt Jakobi
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Monasteries
The Katharinenkloster was first mentioned in 1251, the associated Katharinenkirche was consecrated in 1287, today this ensemble houses the German Maritime Museum and the Stralsund Cultural History Museum .
The Stralsund City Archives are located in the Johanniskloster from 1254 . There are also regular cultural events, such as open-air theater performances.
The Heilgeisthospital was located in the Heilgeistkloster, first mentioned in 1256 . The poor and the sick were once housed here. Today all apartments and houses have been renovated, including the valuable inner courtyard.
The monastery of St. Jürgen am Strande on Mönchstrasse was first mentioned in 1278. In the 14th century it also served as a retirement home. In 1632 the church and other buildings were demolished. In 1743 a building was built as a small St. Jürgen monastery at the Kniepertor and the complex was expanded in 1754 for apartments for the elderly and in 1841 for apartments for widows, today mostly student apartments are furnished there.
The Gothic monastery of St. Annen and Brigitten in Schillstrasse was created around 1560 from the amalgamation of the St. Annen monastery from 1480 and the Mariakron convent from 1421, which was dissolved around 1525 .
Parks and bodies of water
Stralsund's old town is surrounded by the Strelasund and various ponds (Knieperteich, Frankenteich and Moorteich), so that it is bordered by water almost all around. One can therefore also speak of an old town island.
In the north of the city in the district Knieper-Nord there is the Stralsund lido with a fine sandy city beach.
While the old town of Stralsund has little greenery for historical reasons, after the demolition in the 19th century, some facilities were created for local recreation. The green belt of the city along the include Strelasund leading -Ufers Sundpromenade , the bastion belt (also Bastion Park ) and the Wulflamufer . The Stralsund cemeteries were also redesigned into parks with a park-like character in the 20th century. The green area called Hansa-Wiese in front of the Hansa-Gymnasium is a popular meeting point.
In the Brunnenaue near the Strelasund, medicinal water was once pumped - today it is the largest city park in Stralsund.
The zoo is located at the western end of the city forest , which stretches from the moor pond west to the city limits .
Cultural institutions
- Museums
The German Oceanographic Museum in the former Katharinenkloster is Northern Germany's most visited museum and offers insights into the world of water and its inhabitants. The Ozeaneum in the port, which was opened in July 2008, is an addition . Other branches of the house are the Nautineum on Dänholm and the Natureum Darßer Ort .
The cultural history museum , the oldest museum in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, shows exhibitions from the history of Pomerania etc. The main collection, like the marine museum, is housed in the former St. Catherine's monastery. The exhibits include the famous gold jewelry from Hiddensee and an amber amulet in the shape of a bull sculpture found at Stolp , which is estimated to be four to five thousand years old. Offices of the museum are the naval museum located on Dänholm with information about the military use and importance of Stralsund, the museum house and the museum store. The Dänholm is considered the "cradle of the Prussian and German navy".
The exhibition "Understanding Stralsund blindly" enables a virtual tour of the Hanseatic city in complete darkness. The visitor experiences a limited change of page into the world of blind people.
- theatre
Since 1995, the Stralsund Theater , which was previously independent, has formed the Theater Vorpommern together with the Greifswald and Putbus theaters . The Stralsund house of the theater offers performances from all genres.
- movie theater
The Cinestar group operates a cinema with several halls on Frankenstrasse .
The cinema of the film societies deception is a cinema in the Saint Jacob's Church . Blendwerk is an active part and local representative of the State Association of Film Communication Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . The cinema has existed since 1994, and performances initially took place in the Scheelehaus . It is run on a voluntary basis.
- Exhibitions
From spring to autumn, works by Friedensreich Hundertwasser are shown in the St. Jakobi Cultural Church .
Events
Nationally important events in Stralsund are:
- Wallenstein Days : Every summer, the Wallenstein Days take place in the old town , a historical folk festival in honor of the defense against the siege of Stralsund by Wallenstein in 1628.
- Stralsund is one of the venues for the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Festival .
- Stralsund Christmas market, on the New and Old Market, with historical fairground booths on the Old Market and in the town hall cellar as well as modern rides on the New Market. It has been held since 1512, making it the oldest Christmas market in the Baltic region.
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Music festivals on the Stralsund University campus :
- The Sundstock Open Air took place on the FH sports field until 2008.
- The Holzhausen party took place every year in May in the student village of Holzhausen until 2012 .
- The Campus Spektakel is a festival with several thousand visitors that has been taking place since 2011 in September or October in the middle of the Stralsund University of Applied Sciences. Well-known artists who performed at the festival include: B. Marteria (Marsimoto), MC Fitti , Supershirt , Neonschwarz , Kensington Road , Captain Capa , Symbiz Sound and Herr von Grau . The main sponsor is the Lübzer brewery .
- The Stralsund Harbor Festival has been held annually in June since 2009.
- Wednesday regatta on the Strelasund: During the sailing season weekly sailing regatta with yardstick scoring. Start at the north pier at the port entrance.
- Sundschwimmen : Up to 1000 participants swim across the Strelasund over 2.3 kilometers from Altefähr (island of Rügen) to Stralsund.
- The Rügenbrücke run with Marathon takes participants annually in October on the Rügenbrücke .
- The state-wide boxing tournament for the Baltic Sea Cup, which has been held annually since 1970, is considered the largest and most important junior tournament for the age group 13/14.
- Every year on the 1st Saturday in September the “ Long Night of the Open Monument ” takes place in Stralsund.
- The cabaret "Die Sägefische" takes place every year from October to April
Culinary specialties
The merchant and fishmonger Johann Wiechmann is said to have offered a kind of pickled herring in Stralsund , which he sent to Otto von Bismarck for his birthday in 1871 . Bismarck is said to have given him the privilege in writing to be able to offer his herring as Bismarck herring . The said letter of evidence from Bismarck is said to have been destroyed by the bombing raid on Stralsund on October 6, 1944 . The fishmonger Henry Rasmus has been offering original Bismarck herring in his restaurant since 2001.
The beers of the Stralsund brewery (Störtebeker Braumanufaktur) regularly achieve top rankings at the global World Beer Cup and at the International Green Week in Berlin.
Public facilities
General
As a district town, Stralsund is the main administrative location of the Vorpommern-Rügen district . Stralsund is also the seat of a local court , a regional court , a labor court and a social court .
In the 15th century, the boatmen's brothers set up the boatman's company , which still exists today, a forerunner of social security and a trade union in one.
The German Navy maintains the Naval Technology School in Parow , which has existed in its current form since 1996 and is the navy's largest training facility. She goes u. a. back to the Stralsund Naval School .
In 1999, the German Pension Insurance Association (at that time still as the Federal Insurance Agency for Salaried Employees (BfA)) established an office with around 1450 employees (as of October 2006) and is thus one of the largest employers in the region.
Colleges
Stralsund University of Applied Sciences , which was founded in 1991 and has around 2500 students, is located in Stralsund . This is a modern campus university and is located in the north of the city, on the site of the former Stralsund Naval School . It is divided into the faculties of electrical engineering / computer science, mechanical engineering and economics. International courses in English are also offered, such as International Management Studies in the Baltic Sea Region (BMS) . The University of Stralsund scores very well in several university studies. a. The Faculty of Economics was among Germany's top group in the CHE university ranking of ZEIT magazine.
There is a branch of the Technical Academy North on Dänholm , which cooperates with various universities and conducts seminars.
schools
There are seven primary schools in Stralsund ( Maria-Montessori , Ferdinand-von-Schill- , Juri-Gagarin- , Karsten-Sarnow- , Hermann-Burmeister- and Gerhart-Hauptmann primary school as well as the Andershof primary school ), three special schools ( Astrid- Lindgren , Lambert Steinwich and Ernst von Haselberg School ), four regional schools ( Adolph Diesterweg , Hermann Burmeister , Marie Curie School and the Gerhart Hauptmann School as a regional part of the school center on the Sund ), two integrated comprehensive schools with upper secondary level ( IGS Grünthal and the Christian Community School Jona Schule ), three vocational schools , two grammar schools ( Hansa-Gymnasium and Goethe-Gymnasium as a grammar school part of the school center on the Sund ) and a higher vocational school for commercial assistance .
The technical high school of the vocational school and the IGS Grünthal also lead to a general higher education entrance qualification ( Abitur ). The Jona School is an all-day school in the private sector of the Evangelical School Foundation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, it leads to the secondary school leaving certificate and also the Abitur.
The Hanseatic city of Stralsund also has an adult education center and a music school founded in 1952 .
The Stralsund grammar school existed continuously from 1560 to 1945, making it one of the oldest schools in the German-speaking area . It was housed in several buildings in the old town.
Sports
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In the sporting field there are several successful branches in Stralsund. The soccer team of ASG Vorwärts Stralsund played in the GDR league (first class) and the GDR league (second class) in the 1960s to 1980s ; FC Pommern Stralsund is the successor . Since 2010 he has been playing in the association league . The home of FC Pommern is the Primus Immobilien Arena on Frankendamm . For soccer, athletics and other sports, the construction of a modern multi-purpose stadium on the Kupfermühle sports field west of the main train station has been planned since November 2014 .
The volleyball players of the 1st VC Stralsund ("Stralsunder Wildcats") have been playing in the 2nd Bundesliga since the 2010/2011 season .
The first men's team of the Stralsund handball club (HV) played in the first handball league in the 2003/2004 and 2008/2009 seasons , and in the 2018/2019 season they play in the Ostsee-Spree Oberliga.
Stralsund is a center of boxing . The Ostseepokal is one of the most important youth tournaments in Germany. The Stralsund Fight Night takes place regularly. Jürgen Brähmer is a Stralsund professional boxer and multiple European and world light heavyweight champion.
Stralsund has a long and successful weightlifting tradition . The athletes of the current TSV 1860 Stralsund (formerly: BSG Motor Stralsund ) won titles and medals in many national (most recently German champions 2005) and international competitions. Important weightlifters are Jürgen Heuser and Andreas Behm .
The MC Nordstern Stralsund motorcyclists who compete in the Speedway Bundesliga are successful . Home is the Paul Greifzu Stadium .
On the airfield Stralsund to meet pilots of gliders and powered aircraft, helicopters and model airplanes. The 2006 German helicopter pilot comes from Stralsund.
The table tennis men of SV Medizin Stralsund were promoted to the top division in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Association League) in 2012 and managed to stay in their first season (2012/2013). After relegation in 2015, the team played in the regional league for two years, before being promoted to the association league again in 2017. Since 2001, the international Pomerania Cup has been played annually in the Diesterweg Hall with players from the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Poland and all over Germany.
The “Bootshaus”, the club area of the Stralsund Canoe Club (SKC) and the Stralsund Rowing Club (SRC), is on the Sundpromenade . Also sailing events found in Stralsund held regularly, including various regattas .
economy
Stralsund has tourism as an important economic factor due to its proximity to the Baltic Sea island of Rügen , its historic old town and multi-layered cultural offerings . This forms the basis u. a. for numerous restaurants and accommodation providers (hotels, youth hostels, holiday apartments etc.), museums , a large leisure pool ( HanseDom ), yacht centers , ferry companies , various services and a strong retail trade. The main shopping street in Stralsund is Ossenreyerstraße between the New and Old Market .
In addition to tourism, the Volkswerft was an important employer and industrial company in Stralsund since the post-war period. The shipyard continued to produce ships after 1990 and belonged to various companies; since 2016 with the MV Werften group . Boat yards and various metal construction companies such as Ostseestaal have settled in the area. The shipping company White Fleet is also based in Stralsund.
Hospitals, clinics, health facilities and life science businesses are also relevant supraregional employers. This includes u. a. Helios with the Hanseklinikum am Sund and the Helios Hanseklinikum West .
In addition, the IT industry in Stralsund is becoming increasingly important. To her belong u. a. the Boreus data center and the company adesso on the university campus , where an IT fair for companies and specialists is held every year (VITA IT fair Vorpommern), and a general graduate fair with an IT area (SUPA).
The Pommersche Volksbank is based in Stralsund. Customers on Rügen and in Western Pomerania are looked after in 26 branches. The Nordmann group of companies acquired the Stralsund brewery in 1991 and also set up its headquarters in Stralsund. The public utility company SWS Stadtwerke Stralsund is also a major regional employer.
DB Regio Nordost, the largest local rail passenger transport provider in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, currently employs around 740 people, including around 100 in Stralsund. DB Fernverkehr AG also operates an operations center in Stralsund (train crew, maintenance).
traffic
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Stralsund has been important for traffic in the Baltic Sea region since the Middle Ages, to which the Hansische Ostseestrasse in particular contributed. The most important traffic structure in Stralsund has been the new Rügen bridge over the Strelasund , built as a high bridge since 2007 , which relieves traffic over the old Rügen dam . Stralsund has a feeder to the federal autobahn 20 and is on the federal highways B 105 from Rostock or Greifswald / Neubrandenburg , B 194 from Grimmen and B 96 from Bergen auf Rügen .
Rail transport stations are Stralsund Hauptbahnhof , Stralsund Rügen dam on the Strelasund crossing and the Stralsund-Grünhufe stop on the route from Rostock ( RE 9 of the DB Regio ). Intercity-Express (ICE, only via Prenzlau), Intercity (IC), also from Karlsruhe, Frankfurt / Main, Hanover and Hamburg (via Schwerin and Rostock ) run from Munich, Leipzig, Berlin ( via Neubrandenburg or Prenzlau ). Trains continue to run on the Stralsund – Sassnitz line in the direction of Bergen on Rügen , Sassnitz and Ostseebad Binz on the island of Rügen.
The closest airports are the regional Barth airport and the Rostock-Laage international airport . The airfield Stralsund is located directly north of the city; the Rügen airport is centrally located on the island of the same name.
A tram existed in Stralsund until 1966 . Today open SWS transport and the transport company Vorpommern-Rügen with its city bus service , the city and the surrounding area daily clock traffic .
The cycle path along the Deutsche Alleenstraße and the international Baltic Sea Cycle Path (German part: Ostseeküstenroute (D2) ) run along Stralsund.
Ports
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Stralsund has a city harbor and several yacht harbors and is approached by yachts, river cruises and seagoing ships. The subsidiary of Stadtwerke Stralsund, SWS Seehafen Stralsund GmbH, is responsible for the seaport for cargo ships with the areas of Nordhafen, Südhafen and Frankenhafen . In 2019, the handling of goods at the Stralsund seaport totaled 1.67 million tons . In 2018 there were still 2.15 million t of goods (2017: 1.79 million t); 2016: 1.63 million t. In 2015 it was around 1.9 million t, 96% of which were bulk goods (including gypsum and fertilizers), the rest being general cargo .
The piloting tasks in the port of Stralsund and in the upstream sea area are carried out by the maritime pilots of the Wismar-Rostock-Stralsund Pilots Association based in Warnemünde .
The ferry to the island of Hiddensee and Altefähr on Rügen as well as boats for harbor tours dock at the city harbor. In addition, the rescue boat Hertha Jeep of the DGzRS is stationed there.
The port is also used by river cruise ships; in 2019 there were 121 calls by 13 different ships (2016: 105 calls, 2015: 108) with a total of 16,581 passengers (2016: 14,500; 2015: 14,900).
There are several yacht harbors and marinas in the area close to the old town and on Dänholm . Hundreds of boats and yachts often moor along the north pier in spring and summer. Architecturally, the Stralsund pilot house and the harbor warehouse as well as the silhouette of the old town form an appealing contrast to the view of the islands of Rügen and Hiddensee. The former sailing training ship Gorch Fock, which is now used as a museum, is a special traditional sailor in the port.
media
In Stralsund, the Ostsee-Zeitung (OZ) appears with an independent local edition ("Stralsunder Zeitung").
There are also free advertising papers such as "Ostseeanzeiger Stralsund" (part of the OZ), Stralsunder Blitz (Blitz-Verlag) and Zeitung am Strelasund .
The North German Radio (NDR), Radio Germany, Germany radio and private transmitter as antenna MV , Ostseewelle , Radio Paradiso and radio B2 are received by antenna. The main transmitter for the region is the telecom mast near Garz on Rügen .
Television for the region is offered by the third program of NDR television and the private program Stralsund TV (formerly Fernsehen am Strelasund or FAS) of a cable operator ( Rügen TV )
Personalities
List of people who were and are connected with Stralsund - be it that they were born in Stralsund and became famous, or that they created something important as friends of the city.
Honorary citizen
People who have done something special for the city are given honorary citizenship in Stralsund for the duration of their lives . Examples are mentioned here:
- Gottfried Kiesow (1931–2011), member of the German Foundation for Monument Protection
- Käthe Rieck (1902–2004), former director of the Museum of Cultural History
- Hartmut Olejnik (* 1930), former director of the Stralsund zoo
- Erich Kliefert (1893–1994), painter
- Herbert Ewe (1921–2006), director of the Stralsund city archive
- Otto Scholz (1916–2010), doctor
See also
literature
- Albert Georg von Schwarz : Diplomatic history of the Pomeranian-Rügischen cities of Swedish sovereignty. Chapter: From the origin of the city of Stralsund . Hieronymus Johann Struck, Greifswald 1755, p. 3f. ( Google books )
- Stralsundic Chronicles (Gottlieb Ch. F. Mohnike and Ernst Heinrich Zober , ed.), Volume 1: Johann Berckmann's Stralsundic Chronicle and excerpts from old, lost Stralsundian chronicles . Stralsund 1833, 401 pages ( full text )
- Andreas Theodor Kruse: Some fragments from the history of the city of Stralsund - shown according to the time sequence for an overview . First book: With the documents of the Stralsund Peace of 1369 and 1370 . Stralsund 1846, 77 pages ( full text )
- Otto Fock : Rügensch-Pomeranian stories from seven centuries . Volume 2: Stralsund and Greifswald in the century of foundation . Leipzig 1862, ( full text )
- Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 434–502 ( full text )
- Heinrich Trost: Stralsund ( art history city books ). Seemann, Leipzig 1973 (2nd edition 1979)
- Herbert Ewe : History of the city of Stralsund . Publications of the Stralsund City Archives, Volume X. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1984
- Herbert Ewe : The old Stralsund - cultural history of a Baltic city . Weimar 1994, ISBN 3-7400-0881-4
- Stefan Kroll : Urban Society and War. Social structure, population and economy in Stralsund and Stade 1700 to 1715 (= Göttingen Contributions to Economic and Social History , Volume 18). Schwartz, Göttingen 1997, ISBN 3-509-01708-0 .
- Horst Auerbach: Stralsund fortress and naval garrison . Hinstorff-Verlag, Rostock 1999, ISBN 3-356-00835-8
- Horst Auerbach: When Stralsund was a fortress . Kai Homilius Verlag , Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-931121-42-9
- Angela Pfotenhauer, Elmar Lixenfeld: Wismar and Stralsund - World Heritage . Monuments edition. Publication of monuments by the German Foundation for Monument Protection, Bonn 2004, ISBN 3-936942-55-2 or ISBN 3-936942-56-0
- Detlev Brunner : Stralsund - A city undergoing system change from the end of the German Empire to the 1960s. Publications on SBZ / GDR research in the Institute for Contemporary History . Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-486-59805-6 ( review )
- Hanseatic City of Stralsund, Lower Monument Protection Authority (Hrsg.): Monument plan Stralsund. Research and analysis for the maintenance of the world heritage . Thomas Helms Verlag Schwerin 2013. ISBN 978-3-940207-91-3
Web links
- Official website of the Hanseatic city of Stralsund
- Website of the Hanseatic cities of Stralsund and Wismar as UNESCO World Heritage
- Literature about Stralsund in the state bibliography MV
- Literature from and about Stralsund in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Main statutes of the city (PDF)
- ↑ Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania municipal constitution
- ↑ a b Population in the urban areas and districts. (PDF) Retrieved May 8, 2018 .
- ↑ § 1 (1) main statute, p. 3
- ↑ Abused Medicine in the Third Reich , accessed on October 20, 2015
- ^ Government MV: health resorts and recreational areas in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (status: February 2018)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y census result.
- ↑ Pomorze - Praktyczny przewodnik turystyczny po ziemiach Księstwa Pomorskiego , ISBN 978-83-61805-49-6 .
- ↑ https://www.stralsund.de/export/sites/hst/buerger/rathaus/Wahlen_2019/Wahlverbindungen/Erresult-Buergerschaft-over.pdf ( Memento from March 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ (PDF) ( Memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Main Statute, Section 2 Paragraph 1 (PDF)
- ↑ Main Statute, Section 2, Paragraph 3 (PDF)
- ↑ a b Entry about the twin cities on the homepage of the city of Stralsund.Retrieved on April 9, 2019, 7:45 pm
- ^ Herbert Ewe (ed.): History of the city of Stralsund . Publications of the Stralsund City Archives, Volume X. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachhaben, Weimar 1984, page 418
- ^ OZ: Exhibition: "Erbfeinde - Erbfreunde". Ostseezeitung, November 1, 2013, accessed on January 21, 2020 .
- ↑ Euroregion Pomerania - area and partners ( memento of November 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on November 13, 2015
- ↑ 64 houses in the old town on the grievance list , in: Ostsee-Zeitung Stralsund from November 4, 2010. Cf. also Burkhard Kunkel: “How necessary it is now to respect monuments and their protection” - from collections of antiquities and world cultural heritage: Stralsund's contribution to the preservation of Pomeranian history, in: Pomorze wczoraj - dzis - jutro: Miasta i miasteczka pomorskie, Stargard 2010, pp. 115-131.
- ^ Burkhard Kunkel: work and process. The visual artistic equipment of the Stralsund churches - a work history . Gebrüder Mann Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-7861-2588-4 .
- ↑ Hanseatic City of Stralsund and SES (ed.) And Christine Peters (editor): Monasteries and hospitals in the old town . 2010
- ↑ Burkhard Kunkel: "... datt no longer wanted to be affected by affgoederie edder mißbrukes darmit". About the handling of the visual artistic equipment of the Stralsund convent churches at the time of denominational change, in: Stargardia, Rocznik Muzeum Archeologiczno-Historycznego w Stargardzie poświęcony przeszłości i kulturze Pomorza, VIII, Stargard 2014, pp. 99–118
- ↑ Film Club BLENDWERK eV - Stralsund
- ↑ Stralsund: Christmas market on the Sund is the oldest on the Baltic coast ( memento from December 23, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), Ostsee-Zeitung , November 28, 2017
- ↑ Campus Spektakel Festival website
- ↑ Website Hafenfest Stralsund ( Memento from September 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ How Prince Bismarck got his herring , from: November 3rd, 2012 as well as Planet Wissen. Bismarck herring , dated: March 21, 2017; Accessed on: July 9, 2017
- ^ Stralsund University of Applied Sciences: International Management Course - Bachelor
- ↑ CHE university ranking 2012/13 - Stralsund in the business department in the top group in Germany
- ^ Technical Academy North - Stralsund-Dänholm Campus ( Memento from November 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The Kupfermühle sports ground becomes a superstadion , Ostsee-Zeitung , November 20, 2014
- ↑ IT fair Vorpommern at the University of Applied Sciences Stralsund ( Memento from November 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ SUPA trade fair at the Stralsund University of Applied Sciences , Stralsund company, intern and graduate exchange
- ↑ Benjamin Klare: Stralsund records a drop in handling 480,000 tons less goods than in the record year 2018 FGD gypsum exports drop by 18 percent . In: Daily port report of February 11, 2020, p. 3
- ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Stralsund benefits from bulk goods · Handling increased by around ten percent in 2017 . In: Daily port report of January 5, 2018, p. 4
- ↑ Wolfhart Fabarius: Stralsund handles 8.4 percent less - 1.63 million tons achieved · Grain exports continue to decline . In: Daily port report from January 20, 2017, p. 4
- ^ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Stralsund remains attractive for river cruisers . In: Daily port report from February 19, 2016, p. 4
- ↑ Allgemeine Lotsverordnung (ALV) as of December 8, 2010, accessed on July 7, 2016
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