Oiselay-et-Grachaux
| Oiselay-et-Grachaux | ||
|---|---|---|
|
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Haute-Saône | |
| Arrondissement | Vesoul | |
| Canton | Scey-sur-Saône-et-Saint-Albin | |
| Community association | Pays Riolais | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 25 ' N , 5 ° 56' E | |
| height | 254-432 m | |
| surface | 22.99 km 2 | |
| Residents | 422 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 18 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 70700 | |
| INSEE code | 70393 | |
Oiselay-et-Grachaux is a municipality in the French department of Haute-Saône in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Oiselay-et-Grachaux is located at an altitude of 351 m above sea level, about 21 kilometers north-northwest of the city of Besançon (as the crow flies). The village extends in the south of the department, north of the valley of the Ognon on a saddle between the plateaus of the Monts de Gy and the separately standing castle hill.
The area of the 22.99 km² municipal area covers a section of the undulating landscape between the river valleys of Ognon in the south and Saône in the north-west. The central part of the area is occupied by two depressions, which are separated from each other by the ridge with the castle hill on top, a 428 m high conical elevation. To the east is the wide valley basin of Hauterive, which topographically belongs to the catchment area of the Ruisseau de la Douain (right tributary of the Ognon). To the west of the village extends the Oiselay valley, which opens up to the Saône plain. There are no surface rivers here because the rainwater seeps into the karstified subsoil. The area is mainly used by arable and meadow land.
The Oiselay valley is flanked to the west by the long ridges of the Bois de Grachaux and the Bois du Vermot . On the Bois de Grachaux, the highest point of Oiselay-et-Grachaux is reached at 432 m. In the far north-west, the municipality in the area of Grachaux extends to the edge of the Saône plain. To the southwest, the community area extends over a stepped terrain onto the plateau of the Monts de Gy (up to 405 m). This plateau is predominantly forest-covered ( Bois de l'Échelotte ) and is divided at the edge by various short erosion channels.
From a geological point of view, the Oiselay-et-Grachaux area is complex. It is divided by numerous parallel faults , so that deposits partly from the Tertiary , partly from the Upper and Middle Jurassic Period are present. Hard limestone layers alternate with soft, sandy, marly and clayey sediments .
The municipality consists of the village of Oiselay (351 m) and the hamlet of Grachaux (320 m) on a terrace on the western slope of the Bois de Grachaux on the edge of the Saône plain. Neighboring communities of Oiselay-et-Grachaux are Frasne-le-Château and Fretigney-et-Velloreille in the north, Cordonnet in the east, Bonnevent-Velloreille and Montboillon in the south and Bucey-lès-Gy , Velleclaire and Villers-Chemin-et-Mont- lès-Étrelles to the west.
history
The earliest evidence of human presence on the Oiselay-et-Grachaux parish dates from the Neolithic . In Gallo-Roman times, the area was crossed by the road from Besançon to Langres . In the Middle Ages, Oiselay belonged to the Free County of Burgundy and in it to the area of the Bailliage d'Amont . It was the seat of an important noble family who exercised local rule over the village and the surrounding area and did not go out until 1652. Since 1213 Oiselay has been the center of a provost house. Together with Franche-Comté , the village finally came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678.
In 1807 the two communities Oiselay and Grachaux (1806: 64 inhabitants) merged to form the new community Oiselay-et-Grachaux. Today the municipality is a member of the communal association Communauté de communes du Pays Riolais, which comprises 33 localities .
Attractions
The village church of Oiselay was rebuilt around 1705. It is richly decorated , including altars from the 17th and 18th centuries and tombstones.
The lavoir , which previously served as a fountain, wash house and cattle trough, was built in 1831 according to plans by the architect Cornuty. Its roof is supported by twelve pillars.
On the castle hill are the ruins of the manor of the von Oiselay family.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 319 |
| 1968 | 332 |
| 1975 | 326 |
| 1982 | 362 |
| 1990 | 371 |
| 1999 | 381 |
With 422 inhabitants (January 1, 2017), Oiselay-et-Grachaux is one of the small communities in the Haute-Saône department. After the population had decreased significantly in the first half of the 20th century (610 people were still counted in 1891), slight population growth has been recorded again since the mid-1970s.
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 20th century, Oiselay-et-Grachaux was primarily a village characterized by agriculture (arable farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding) and forestry. Today there are some local small businesses, especially in the field of precision engineering. In the last few decades the village has transformed into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who go to work in the larger towns in the area and in the Besançon agglomeration.
The village is located off the major thoroughfares on a department road that leads from Étuz to Fretigney-et-Velloreille. The closest connection to the A36 motorway is around 20 km away. Other road connections exist with Seveux , Rioz and Cordonnet.
